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AFFILIATED COLLEGE OF DHAKA UNIVERSITY

Syllabus

Of the department of Soil Science

For B.Sc.(Honours) Course

Session :2018-2019

1

Department of Soil Science

1. Department of Soil Science offers B.Sc. (Honours) degree with an aim to produce trained personnel

for Agriculture and Environment related fields.

2. The duration of the Program will be of 4 (four) academic years divided into 4 (four) sessions, so

that there will be one session in each academic year. The entire Program is covered by a set of

theoretical, practical (laboratory/field), and Seminar courses. A student must have to earn 128 credits

for successful completion of his/her graduation program.

3. The total performance of a student in a given course will be evaluated on the basis of a scheme of

continuous assessment and course final examinations. For theory courses the continuous assessment

will be made through a set of in-course examinations, class participation and a course final

examination. Continuous assessment of Practical (laboratory/field) courses will be made through

observation of the student at work, viva-voce, assignments and evaluation of practical reports.

The distribution of marks for theoretical and

Practical courses will be as follows:

Basis for awarding marks for class attendance will be as follows:

Attendance

(% of total class held)

Marks (%)

95 and above

90 to less than 95

85 to less than 90

80 to less than 85

75 to less than 80

Less than 75

5

4

3

2

1

0

4. Marks obtained for each course will be converted to grades. A basic four point (4.00) grading scale

will be followed. The following letter grades and corresponding grade-points will be used to

determine the student’s grade point average (GPA):

Marks Obtained Corresponding

Letter Grade

Grade Point

80% or above

75% to less than 80%








Less than 40%

A+

A

A-

B+

B

B-

C+

C

D

F

4.00

3.75

3.50

3.25

3.00

2.75

2.50

2.25

2.00

0.00

Items

Marks

Class attendance

In-course assessment

Course Final Examination

5%

35%

60%

2

Summary of Course Distribution for B.Sc. (Hons.) Degree

Courses for 1st year

Courses of 2nd

year

Paper Code

Paper Title Marks Credits

Departmental Courses(Major)

223301 Soil Physics-I 100 4

223303 General Microbiology 50 2

223305 Soil Mineralogy and Soil

Colloids

50 2

223306 Soil Science Practical 100 4

223307 Viva-voce 50 2

Extra -Departmental Courses(Non-major)

222807

222809

General Chemistry –II

Environmental Chemistry

100 4

50 2

223007

223008

Botany –I I

Botany Practical-II

100 4

50 2

Total 650 26

221109 English (Compulsory) 100 Non-Credit

Paper Code


Departmental Courses(Major)

213301 Introductory Soil-I 100 4

213303 Introductory Soil-II 100 4

213304 Soil Science Practical 100 4

213305 Viva-voce 50 2

Extra -Departmental Courses(Non-major)

212807

212808

Chemistry –I

Chemistry-I Practical

100

50

4

2

213007

213008

Botany –I

Botany –I Practical

100

50

4

2

211501 History of the Emergence of

Independent Bangladesh

100 4

Total 750 30

3

Courses of 3rd

year

Courses of 4th

year

Course No Course Title Marks Credits

243301 Soil Survey and Land

Evaluation

50 2

243303 Soil Conservation and Soil

Management

100 4

243305 Soils of Bangladesh 50 2

243307 Soil Water Management 100 4

243309 Ecology and Environment 100 4

243311 Agronomy 50 2

243313 Agricultural Statistics 50 2

243315 Crops of Bangladesh 50 2

243317 Climate Change and Adaptation 50 2

243319 Soil Chemistry-II 50 2

243320 Seminar 50 2

243321 Practical 200 8

243322 Viva-voce 50 2

Total Credit 38

Total Credits for 4 years 128

Paper Code


233301 Pedology 100 4

233303 Soil Physics-II 50 2

233305 Soil Chemistry- I 100 4

233307 Soil Microbiology 50 2

233309 Soil Fertility and Plant

Nutrition

100 4

233311 Environmental pollution and

Waste management

100 4

233313 Soil and Plant Biochemistry 100 4

233314 Practical 200 8

233315 Viva-voce 50 2

Total 34

4

Detailed outline of the courses

First year

213301 Introductory Soil-I 4 Credit

Objectives:

Introductory Soil-I (213301) will provide the beginners an understanding of soil from both

pedological and edaphological approaches. The objectives of the course is to introduce basic

knowledge on information ,composition and properties of soil, so that student’s interest in studying

this complex and dynamic system will be developed.

Course contents:

Basic concept of soil science:Soil Science as an independent discipline;development of soil

science,branchesof Soil Science and their relationship with other branches of science; the scope of the

application of the knowledge of soil science.

Introduction of soil: soil as a natural body, the earth and the soil, the formation and structure of the

earth,the earth and it’s biotic and abiotic environment, environmental segments. The ecosystem- soil

as acomponent of the ecosystem.

Rocks: Their formation, nature and classification

Minerals: Their formation, characteristics and classification; Silicate structure.

Weathering of rocks and minerals:Physical and Biogeochemical weathering process; Weathering

sequences and results.

Typical soil profile: Master horizons and their formation; Importance of soil profile study; Soil solum

and Regolith.

Factors of soil formation.

Fundamental processes of soil formation: Humification, Littering, Eluviation, Illuviation,

Calcification, Decalcification, Podzolization, Laterization, Gleization, Ferrugination, Ferrolysis,

Salinization, Desalinization, Alkalization, Dealkalization, Pedoturbation, Lessivage, etc.

Volume composition of soils.

Evolution and composition of the earth.

Physical nature of the soil separates: Particle size distribution, texture and Soil textural classes, Soil

Structure: classification and importance; Soil consistence; Soil water: Importance, Forces of retention

and classification, Soil moisture constants; Soil air: composition and importance; Soil color:

fundamental ideas and importance. Soil temperature – importance and distribution.

Books recommended: cÖ‡dmi †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mbnvIjv`vi I cÖ‡dmi †gv: ûgvq~bKwei.AvaywbKg„wËKvweÁvb. Brady, N.C. and R.R. Weil. 2007. The Nature and Properties of Soils. (14th ed.) Pearson

Publ.

Bridges, E.M. 1997. World Soils. (3rd ed.) Cambridge Univ. Press.

Buol et al. 2005.Soil Genesis and Classification.Iowa State press, USA.

Jenny, H. 1980. The Soil Resource: Origin and Behavior. Springer-Verlag, New York Inc.

Sehgal, J. 2005. Pedology: Concepts and Applications. Kalayani Publishers, New Delhi, India.A

5

213303 Introductory Soil-II 4 Credit

Objective: Introductory Soil – II (213303) is designed to develop an understanding and knowledge of the

basic chemical and biological concepts in soil. This course will help Under Graduate students to

acquire an introductory idea about soil as a new subject.

Course contents:

Soil Chemistry ,Soil Microbiology, Soil fertility and plant nutrition: An introduction to the course;

Importance; Interrelationship with other branches of Soil Science.

Chemical Aspect of three phases of soil - interrelationship among the three phases of soil and the

importance of the phases of soil in relation to plant growth; Chemical nature and properties of

soil components; Essential and beneficial elements for plant growth.

Soil organic matter- sources and chemical constituents of soil organic matter. Organic

compounds- carbohydrates, protein, amino acids, nucleic acid, amino sugars, lignin, lipids,

pectin, chitin, hormones, and enzymes.

Soil air- chemical composition and variations of gaseous components.Impact of gaseous

components on soil properties and environmental pollution.

Soil solution - Structure and properties of water molecule; Chemical nature of ions; composition

and concentration of soil solution; importance.

Soil pH – pH scale; classification of soil on the basis of pH values; Buffer solution and buffering.

Soil organisms: Scope of Microbiology in relation to the study of soil, water and atmosphere

sciences. Soil Biota: types of biota, plant roots, interaction between plant roots and soil biota;

occurrence,population ,function and importance .Nutritional division of soil microflora;

Soil as a source of energy and nutrients to the biota.Nutritional division; Temperature and oxygen

requirements; Cultivation of microorganisms.

Essential plant nutrient elements- criteria and classification, elementary idea about the function and

deficiency symptoms of nutrient elements. Role of N P K S in plant nutrition.

Concept of soil fertility and productivity.Basic idea on the fertility status of Bangladesh soils. The

need of soil fertility management. Basic idea about the soil fertility management techniques.

Fertilizers- organic inorganic and biofertilizers.

Books recommended: cÖ‡dmi †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mbnvIjv`vi I cÖ‡dmi †gv: ûgvq~bKwei.AvaywbKg„wËKvweÁvb. Brady, N.C. and R.R. Weil. 2002. The Nature and Properties of Soil. (13th ed.) Pearson

Education, Singapore.

Green et al. 1995.Biological science. (2nd ed.). Cambridge Univ. Press.

Killham, K. 1994. Soil Ecology. (1st ed.) Cambridge Univ. Press.

Pelczar et al. 1988.Microbiology. (5th ed.) McGraw-Hill Book Company.

Tan, K.M. 1993. Principles of Soil Chemistry. (2nd ed.) Marcel Dekker Inc. New York.

6

213304 Practical 4 Credit

(Forty percent (40%) of the total mark is allocated for class record and sixty percent (60%) for

final examination)

Course contents:

Study of two ideal soil profile in the field depending on soil catena. Determination of gravimetric

water content, bulk density, particle density of soil.Determination of' soil texture by feel method and

by Hydrometer method.

Basic chemical analysis: principles of acid-base titration and oxidation-reduction reactions;

preparation of standard solutions and standardization of unknown solutions; determination of soil pH;

determination of organic carbon and free carbonates.

Handling of Microscope, Preparation of media, Simple staining, Negative staining.

Books recommended: cÖ‡dmi †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mbnvIjv`vi I cÖ‡dmi †gv: ûgvq~bKwei.AvaywbKg„wËKvweÁvb. Huq and Alam. 2005. A Handbook on Analyses of Soil, Plant and Water. SWED,

DhakaUniversity.

Klute, A. 1986.Methods of Soil Analysis. Part I. (2nd ed.) Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, WI, USA.

213305 Viva-voce 2 Credit

The viva-voce will be evaluated by the Examination committee. The student’s performance on the

overall courses will be assessed through oral examination.

SECOND YEAR

223301 Soil Physics-I 4 Credit

Objective: Soil Physics-I(223301) is intended to provide Under Graduate students of the department with

the theoretical basis for understanding physical and hydrological properties of soils. This course

focuses on solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of soil. In addition, Soil temperature and Soil colour

will also be discussed. After the completion of the course, students will gain a comprehensive

knowledge on physical properties of soil.

Course contents:

Soil Physics in Perspective: Definition of Soil Physics, History of Soil Physics; Soil Physical

properties.

Phases of soil: Soil – a three phase disperse system; Description of the three phases; Mass and

volume relations of soil constituents.

7

The Solid Phase: Texture- Definition, Primary particles, Specific surface of soil particles,

Particle size analysis and expression of results, Derivation of Sedimentation equation (Stokes’

law), assumptions and limitations of Stokes’ law, Determination of Textural class of a soil.

Structure– Definition, classification, agricultural significance and management of soil structure.

Soil Consistence- Definition, Classification, Atterberg’s constants and their practical significance.

The Liquid Phase: Molecular properties of water- Structure, H-bonding, States of water.

Soil water contents– Definition, classification and measurements.

Energy state of water in soil– Soil water potential- definition, components, measurement.

The Gaseous Phase: Composition of soil air and atmospheric air, gas transport through soil, gaseous

exchange and measurement of soil aeration.

Soil Temperature: Atmospheric energy balance and soil surface energy balance , solar radiation,

Thermal properties of soil- Heat capacity and thermal conductivity, Measurement of thermal

conductivity.

Soil Colour: Causes and significance of soil color, Munsell’sColour Chart.

Books recommended:

Baver et al. 1972.Soil Physics.Jhon Wiley & Sons Inc. NY, USA.

Baver, L. D. 1956. Soil Physics. (3rd ed.) Jhon Wiley & Sons Inc. NY, USA.

Hillel, D. 1998. Environmental Soil Physics.Academic Press. London, UK

Kohnke, H. 1979. Soil Physics. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi,

Indai.

Scott, H. D. 2000. Soil Physics: Agricultural and Environmental Applications. C State

Univ. Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

223303 General Microbiology 2 Credit

Objective:

General Microbiology (223303) aims to deal with five major groups of microorganisms-viruses,

bacteria, fungi, algae and protozoa. The scope of microbiology covers all aspects of microbial life

and it extends to both eukaryotic as well as prokaryotic microbes. This course is concerned with

different aspects of microbesincluding their form, structure, reproduction, physiology, metabolism

including enzymes involved, classification, fermentation, protein synthesis, and most importantly their

economic importance.

Course contents:

Historical development of Microbiology.

General characteristics of microorganisms:Bacteria, fungi and algae: their classification,

morphology, growth and reproduction; Growth of Bacteria-growth phase, growth measurement,

synchronous and asynchronous growth, Counting techniques.Factors affecting the growth and

abundance of various microorganisms in soil and environment; Importance of microorganisms in

agriculture, industry and medicine; Protozoa: their habitat, distribution in the nature, subdivisions,

mode of reproductions and importance.

8

Microscope: Principles, functions, applications and care of various microscopes.

Microbial metabolism of carbohydrates and protein synthesis with reference to enzymes

involved; Oxidative and fermentation pathways; Soil as a source of energy and nutrients for the

biota - minerals, organic matter and living biomass; Enzymes: types, mode of action, Km, factors

affecting enzyme activities; Principles, types and functions of microscope.

Books recommended:

Alexander, M. 1977. Introduction to soil microbiology. (2nd ed.) Wiley, USA.

Kathleen, P. T. and B. Chess. 2014. Foundations in Microbiology. (9th ed.) McGraw-Hill

Book Co. Singapore.

Pelczaret al. 1988.Microbiology. (5th ed.) McGraw-Hill Book Co., Singapore.

Pommervilleet al. 2011.Alcamo's Fundamentals of Microbiology. (7th ed.) Jones and Bartlett Publishers, USA.

223305 Soil Mineralogy and Soil Colloids 2 Credit

Objective:

Soil Mineralogy and Soil Colloids (223305) is designed to provide students the knowledge and

understanding on the composition and classification of rocks and minerals, and genesis,

classification, structure, importance, etc. of layer silicates. The objective also includes knowledge

development on the classification, preparation, purification and properties of colloids.

Course contents: Rocks and minerals: Kinds of rocks; essential and accessory minerals; primary and secondary

minerals; silicate and non-silicate minerals; stability of minerals; time sequence of mineral

occurrence; common minerals in different size fractions of soils.

Clay minerals: General properties; classification; structure; genesis; sources of charges;

identification; oxide and hydroxide minerals in soils; factors affecting types of clay minerals;

amorphous materials in soils; distribution of clay minerals in major soil groups of the world and major

soils of Bangladesh.

General study of colloids: Characteristics of coarse dispersion, colloidal system and solution;

classification of colloidal systems; preparation and purification of sols; optical & kinetic properties of

sols; structure of colloidal systems - electrical double-layer and triple-layer theory; Donnan's theory of

membrane equilibrium; surface behaviour of colloids; adsorption-desorption phenomenon; adsorption

capacities of various soil components; different adsorption equations.

Books recommended:

Bahl et al. 2009.Essentials of Physical Chemistry. S. Chand & Company Ltd.

Bohn et al. 2001.Soil Chemistry. (2nd ed.) Wiley.

Brady, N.C. and R.R. Weil. 2002. The Nature and Properties of Soil. (13th ed.) Pearson


9

Sehgal, J. 2014. A Textbook of Pedology: Concepts and Applications. (2nd ed.) Kalyani.

Tan, K. H. 1993. Principles of Soil Chemistry. (2nd ed.) Marcel Dekker, Inc.

223306 Practical4 Credit

(Forty percent (40%) of the total mark is allocated for class record and sixty percent (60%) for

final examination)

1. Identification of soil forming minerals.

2.Collection and storing of soil samples for studying physical properties; Detailed particle size

analysis of soil by combination of hydrometer and sieving methods and presentation of data by

particle size distribution curve; determination of liquid limit and plastic limit.

3. Microscope; Microbiological tools and techniques; preparation of media sample; isolation of

microorganisms; Gram staining; Motility test of bacteria; and morphology of bacterial colony.

4. Determination of glucose.

Books Recommended:

Klute, A. 1986.Methods of Soil Analysis.Part 1. (2nd ed.) Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madisn, WI,

USA.

Page et al. 1982.Methods of Soil Analysis.Part 2. (2nd ed.) Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madisn, WI,

USA.

223307 Viva-voce 2 Credit The viva-voce will be evaluated by the Examination committee. Student’s performance on the overall

courses will be assessed through oral examination.

THIRD YEAR

233301 Pedology 4 Credit

Objective: Pedology (233301) aims to study the soils of the world as they occur in their natural environment. At

the end of this course, students should be able to have a basic understanding of how soils form and

the patterns in which they occur on landscapes; to investigate morphogenetic properties of soils in the

field.

Course contents: Concepts of pedology and soil development:Scope of pedology; pedological and edaphological

concepts and approaches in the study of soils; concept of soil in natural and anthropic system.

Concepts of soil development; chemistry of soil development; genetic soil horizons and soil profiles;

pedonas a soil individual; master and diagnostic horizons in soils.

Weathering: types and factors of weathering; Geochemical and pedochemical weathering processes;

stability indices and weathering sequences of minerals; weathering and soil formation.

Factors and processes of soil formation: climate, parent material, relief, organism, time; detailed study

of the factors of soil formation. biogeochemical processes in soil formation; specific soil forming

processes; soil-landscape relationships and catenary sequence.

10

Geographical distribution of major soils on the earth’s surface: Zonality concepts of soils; Major

climatogenic and climatogenically subdued soils- their genesis, properties and importance.

Soil Taxonomy: Study of the orders and suborders of Soil Taxonomy; Characteristics of major soil

groups of the world. Nomenclature in Soil Taxonomy.

General conditions of soil formation prevailing in Bangladesh: nature of soil forming factors;

dominant soil forming processes; characteristics of major soil groups. Soil characteristics of the three

major landscapes of Bangladesh.,Thananirdeshika and their use.

Books recommended:

Buo et al. 2005.Soil Genesis and Classification. Iowa State Press, USA.

FAO. 2006. Guidelines for Soil Description (4th ed.). FAO, Rome.

Jenny, H. 1941. Factors of Soil Formation. McGraw Hill Book Co., New York.

Jenny, H. 1980. The Soil Resource: Origin and Behavior. Springer-Verlag, New York Inc.

Sehga, J. 2005. Pedology-Concepts and Applications.Kalayani Publishers, New Delhi, India.

233303 Soil Physics-II 2 Credit

Objective:

Soil Physics-II (233303) is intended to provide Under Graduate students of the department with

the theoretical basis for understanding physical and hydrological properties of soils. This course

focuses on solid, liquid, and gaseous phases of soil. In addition, After the completion of the

course, students will gain a comprehensive knowledge on physical properties of soil, coupled

with soil-water movement under saturated condition.

Course contents:

The Solid phase: Soil structure –genesis, evaluation, management and agricultural significance. Soil

Compaction – Occurrence of soil compaction in agricultural fields, Consequences of soil

compaction, Control of soil compaction.

The Liquid phase: Fluid properties of water – Surface tension, Capillarity, Viscosity, Density,

Derivation of capillary rise equation. Water retention in soil- Water release curve, hysteresis.Water

movement in soil- Saturated flowand unsaturated flow, Darcy’s law, Poiseuille’s equation, Water flux

through a uniform homogeneous soil profile and a layered soil profile, Hydraulic conductivity.Field

capacity concept; Available water; Factors affecting water storage in soil profile; Field water balance

Soil air: composition of gaseous phase: variation of air composition under varied conditions; effects

of aeration on chemical and biological processes.

Books recommended:




11

Kohnke, H. 1979. Soil Physics. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi.

Scott, H. D. 2000. Soil Physics: Agricultural and Environmental Applications. C State

Univ. Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.

233305 Soil Chemistry-I 4 Credit

Objective:

Soil Chemistry – I (233305) is designed to provide information about the chemical processes which

are continuously going on in soil in relation to plant growth, soil genesis and environmental aspects.

This is one of the basic courses in relation to the study of soil, water and environmental sciences.

Course contents:

Concept of Soil Chemistry: Scope of Soil Chemistry. Soil inorganic colloids – properties and

importance

Soil Organic matter: Composition and source. Humus – Chemical composition; classification and

properties; theories of humus formation; Extraction and fractionation. Importance of organic matter

on soil properties and in relation to pollution.

Liquid phase: Dynamic equilibrium of soil solution with solid and gaseous phases. Factors affecting

the composition and concentration of soil solution.Solubility and movement of salts in soil and factors

affecting salt movement.Importance of soil solution on soil development and plant growth.

Ion exchange reactions in soils: Cation, anion and ligand exchange; origin of ion exchange

properties; Qualitative aspects of cation exchange; Ion exchange reactions; ion exchange capacities of

various soil components; factors influencing ion exchange phenomenon; Importance of ion exchange

in soils.

Soil reaction: Types of acidities in soil. Soil acidification- sources of hydrogen ion in soil; Soil

alkalization –sources of hydroxyl ion in soil. Importance of pH on soil properties and plant growth.

Chemistry of soil amendments: Buffer components of soil and mechanism of buffering;

amelioration of soil acidity and alkalinity ; liming materials –their reactions in soil; determination of

lime requirement and factors controlling the liming program; Acid forming materials- sulphur and

sulphate containing materials, their reactions in soil and factors controlling the acidification

programme.

Plant nutrients- forms and labile pool of plant nutrients in soil.Availability of plant nutrients.Nutrient

fixation mechanisms and factors controlling the non-biological fixation of N, P and K in soil.

Sulphate retention by soil.Nutrient buffering capacity of soil – mechanism and importance; quantity-

intensity relationship. Fractionation of N,P,K,S, and micronutrients.

Transformations of N, P, K, S and micronutrients in soil under varied conditions.

Books recommended:

Bear, F. E. 1965. Chemistry of the Soil. (2nd ed.) Oxford and IBH Publishing Company.

Bohn et al. 1979.Soil Chemistry. (1st ed.) John Wiley and Sons.



Stevensen, F. J. 1986. Cycles of Soil. (1st ed.) John Wiley and Sons.

12

233307 Soil Microbiology 2 Credit

Objective:

This course (233307) aims to guide the students to gain knowledge on microbes living in the

environment, specifically in the soil. It deals with different processes where microorganisms play vital

and active role.

Course contents:

Application of microbiology in various fields including soil.

Microbial growth and microbial control: Isolation of pure culture from various sources, asceptic

techniques in microbiology, different physical and chemical methods, techniques of microbial control

by physical and chemical means, anti-microbial agents.

Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF): microbiology and bio-chemistry of nitrogen fixation; nitrogen

fixation under different environmental conditions; preparation and use of inoculums; adaptation and

success of bio-fertilizers; impact of bio-fertilizer on agriculture; measurement of BNF.

Microorganisms and environmental stress-various extreme environments, microbial communities

and their adaptations.

Mycorrhiza: definition and classification of mycorrhiza: role of ecto-and endo-micorrhiza in crop

production.

Azolla- Anabena symbiosis -its physiology and uses in tropical agriculture; role of microorganisms

in soil fertility and plant growth.

Books recommended:

Bergersen, F. J. Methods for Evaluating Biological Nitrogen Fixation. Jhon Willy & Sons.

Rahman et al. Biological Nitrogen Fixation associated with Rice Production. Kluver Acad.

Pub.

Rao, N. S. S. Soil Microbiology. Oxford &Ibh Publishing Co. Pvt Ltd.

Stanier, R. Y. General Microbiology. The Macmillan Press Ltd.

Stewart, W D P. Nitrogen Fixation in Plants. The Athlone Press.

Van Elsas et al. Modern Soil Microbiology. Marcel Dekker,Inc.

Vincent, J.M. Nitrogen Fixation in Legumes. Academic Press.

233309 Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition 4 Credit

Objective:

This course (233309) aims to guide the students to gain knowledge and tackle problems on i) recent

advances in soil fertility and plant nutrition, ii) nutrient uptake and physiological roles of plant

13

nutrients, iii) fertilizer needs and methods of application, and nutrient interactions, iv), plant growth

and growth responses, and mathematical models, v) Soil resilience, fertilizers and environment,

organic and modern farming, and nutrient status of Bangladesh soils.

Course contents:

Past and recent advances in the field of soil fertility and plant nutrition; factors affecting plant

growth and development.

Plant nutrient elements: Essentiality of nutrient elements; categories of nutrients; mechanisms of

nutrient uptake in plants; physiological roles of various plant nutrient elements

Fertilizer materials: Sources and manufacture of major fertilizer materials; single, compound and

mixed fertilizer; fertilizer grades, and fertilizer ratios; fertilizer law; organic fertilizer and bio-

fertilizers

Diagnosis of fertilizer needs: Different approaches to diagnosis; visual symptoms; soil and plant

analysis, biological methods and laboratory; greenhouse and field experimentation.

Nutrient interactions: Antagonistic-synergistic activity; response of crops to fertilizer application;

various equations and curves; calculation of fertilizer needs of soil.

Methods of fertilizer application: Reasons and rationale of various methods; fertilizer movement in

soil; fate of added nutrient in soil; residual effects of fertilizers; salt index; balanced fertilization;

impact of fertilizer application on soil quality and environment.

Plant growth and growth responses to factors affecting plant growth; mathematical models to

express fertilizer response.

Soil resilience, impacts of inorganic fertilizers on environment; organic farming and modern farming.

Nutrient status of Bangladesh soils; AEZ and fertilizer requirements; fertilizer application in a

single crop and in a crop sequence; crop modeling.

Books recommended:

Hassan et al. 2012. Fertilizers Recommendation Guide. Bangladesh Agric. Res. Council,

Dhaka.

Mengel et al. 2001.Principles of Plant Nutrition. (5th ed.) Springer.

Russel, E. W. 2015. Soil Condition and Plant Growth. Longmans, Green and Co.

Tisdale et al. 2013.Soil Fertility and Fertilizer. (8th ed.)

233311 Environmental pollution and waste Management 4 Credit

Objective:

Environmental Pollution and Waste Management (233311) extends knowledge about environmental

awareness, sources of soil pollution by heavy metals, agrochemicals, radioactive materials. Within

the preview of this course it is also concerned with sources of natural and artificial radioactivity:

hazards, transfer into food chain, after effects of radioactive accidents as well as effects on human

14

and disposal of radioactive wastes. This course also aims to develop students’ capacity to understand

environmental pollution through hazardous wastes, sewage sludge, atmospheric dry and wet

deposition, solid wastes, municipal and industrial wastewater, health-care wastes; and to apply

principles and techniques of waste management.

Course Content:

Environmental pollution: Concept of environmental pollution; effects of environmental pollution

upon humans and environment; environmental awareness.

Soil environment: Meaning of soil environment; sources of soil pollution.

Heavy metals: Sources and world production; contents of heavy metals in normal soil, water and

plants, permissible limits of heavy metals in soils, water and corps; biochemistry, chemical toxicology

and impact of heavy metals on soil ecology, crops and humans; LD50 values; remediation of heavy

metal toxicity.

Pesticides and herbicides: Definition, classification, uses and impact on soil and water ecosystem;

biodegradation of pesticides and herbicides; lethal doses, health hazards.

Radioactivity: Radioactive materials, sources of natural and artificial radioactivity; hazards caused by

radioactivity; transfer of radioactivity into food chain; after effects of reactor accidents and nuclear

weapon tests; permissible limits of radioactivity in soil and foods; impact of radioactivity on human

and animal management and disposal of radioactive wastes.

Hazardous and toxic wastes: Hazard, hazardous waste, toxic waste and risk analysis; factors

affecting dose and response of toxic chemicals; hazardous waste management; PCBs – properties,

uses, human and environmental health contamination.

Solid waste: Sources, classification and physical composition of solid waste; physical, chemical,

energy and biological properties of solid waste; collection, handling, storage and transportation of

municipal solid wastes; waste minimization design – reuse, recovery (resources and energy),

recycling, thermal and biological treatment processes; ultimate disposal of municipal solid wastes and

sanitary landfill site management.

Health-care waste management: Categories and sources of health-care wastes; risks associated with

health-care wastes; handling, storage and transportation of health-care wastes; treatment and disposal

of hazardous health-care wastes.

Sewage sludge treatment: Municipal wastewater; wastewater characteristics; effluent standards;

sewerage system; wastewater treatment processes; sludge treatment and disposal.

Effluent treatment plant (ETP) for industries: Industrial wastewater; characteristics and harmful

effects; industrial wastewater treatment processes in tanneries, diary plant, pharmaceuticals, textile

units, petrochemicals and paper industry; special processes for the removal of chromium, phenol,

mercury, nitrogen and dissolved salts from industrial wastewater.

Atmospheric dry and wet deposition: Gaseous pollutants and their effects on plants.

Books recommended:

Adriano, D. C. 2001. Trace elements in terrestrial environments. (2nd ed.) Springer Science

& Business Media, New York, USA.

De, A. K. 2010.Environmental Chemistry. (7th ed.) New Age International Pvt. Ltd., India.

15

Goel, P. K. 1996. Water Pollution Causes, Effects and Control. (1st ed.) New Age

International (P) Limited,New Delhi, India.

Kiely, G. 1998.Environmental engineering. Irwin McGraw-Hill, Boston, USA

Peavy, et al. 1985.Environmental engineering. McGraw-Hill Book Company, NY.

Sharma, B. K. 2003. Environmental Chemistry. (7th ed.) Krishna Prakashan Media (P)Ltd.,

Meerut, India.

Silberberg. 2004. Chemistry. (6th ed.) McGraw-Hill Book Co., Singapore.

Stoker et al. 1975. Environmental Chemistry: Air and Water Pollution. (2nd ed.) Scott,

Foresman.

233313 Soil and Plant Biochemistry 4 Credit

Objective:

Soil and Plant Biochemistry (233313) aims to teach Biochemical processes involved in the soil.

Emphasis will be given on organic matter decomposition, microbial breakdown of protein, amino acid

and nucleic acids in soil. Upon successful completion of this course, participants will be able to

describe the structure and chemical and physical properties of amino acids, sugars, proteins,

carbohydrates, and lipids; explain the relationship between structure and function of macromolecules

including proteins, enzymes, and carbohydrates; explain how light energy is captured and converted

to chemical forms of energy to power functions of cells and whole plants; explain the principles of

enzyme kinetics and how enzyme properties contribute to metabolic processes; and to explain

molecular biochemistry of stress tolerance mechanism in plants.

Course Contents:

Soil as a catalytic system – General principles of catalysis.Biotic and abiotic reactions – Hydrolysis,

oxidation-reduction, formation of free radicals, condensation and polymerization,

phototransformation.Catalysis in soil – Enzymes as catalysts in soil. Extracellular, intracellular,

Constitutive and Inducible enzymes, Enzymes of soil fractions , Factors influencing enzyme activities

in soil – pH effects, resistance to proteolysis and thermal denaturation, Activation energy and

temperature coefficient. Effects of salinity, trace elements, pesticides, addition of fertilizers, organic

amendments.

Decomposition of organic matter and release of nutrients.Soil respiration.

Chemistry, existence, and properties in brief of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin and pectin and

their bio-degradation in soil.Factors affecting their decomposition in soil.Impact of C/N ratio on

decomposition.

Biological oxidation, priming action, catabolic repression, fermentation and putrefaction, soil

reducing power, mineralization, humification and dehumification.Biodegradation of pesticides.

Protein: Amino acids-classification, function, amino acid activating enzymes; Peptides, Protein

biosynthesis in plants; Microbial breakdown of protein, amino acids, nucleic acids in soil and release

of ammonium and nitrate.

Nucleic acid: Nucleic acid-classification, functions, synthesis of nucleotides, replication of DNA,

RNA characteristics and functions.

16

Enzymes: Enzymes-definition, classification, characteristics, mode of action. Humus-enzyme

complexes, clay-enzyme complexes, Michaelis–Menten kinetics, basics of protein-ligand interaction,

Plant hormone-structure, function.

Carbohydrate: Carbohydrate- structure, classification, synthesis and breakdown of sucrose &

starch.light reaction of photosynthesis-pigments, photosystem, ATP synthesis; photosynthetic C

assimilation-Calvin cycle, C3, C4, CAM pathways, photo-respiration, glycolysis.

Biochemistry of stress tolerance: drought, salinity, heat stress and their tolerance mechanism in

plant.

Books recommended:

Alexander, M. 1977. Introduction to soil microbiology. (2nd ed.) Wiley, USA.



Buchanan et al. 2000. Biochemistry and molecular Biology of plants. John Wiley and Sons

Heldt, H-W. 2011. Plant Biochemistry. 4th Edition. Elsevier Academic Press.

McLaren, A. D. and G.H. Peterson.Soil Biochemistry No. 1 & 2.

Rao, N. S. S. Soil Microorganisms and Plant Growth.

Stevensen, F. J. 1986. Cycles of Soil. (1st ed.) John Wiley and Sons.

Stevensen, F. J. Nitrogen in Agricultural Soil.

233314 Practical 8 Credit

(Forty percent (40%) of the total mark is allocated for class record and sixty percent (60%) for final

examination)

Study of soil site characteristics: topography, drainage, parent material and vegetation; detailed study

of soil profiles in catena; collection and preservation of soil samples for laboratory analysis.

Introduction to different instruments for chemical analysis.Determination of active and reserve

acidities of soil.Determination of lime requirements of soil for amelioration and effects of these

amendments on soil properties.Determination of total N, P, K, S and micronutrients in soil.

Determination of EC.Determination of CEC and exchangeable bases, percent base saturation and

ESP.

Preparation of culture solution; sand culture experiment to observe the effects of missing elements on

some common crops; acquaintance with different fertilizers and methods of their use; choice of

extraction methods to assess the availability of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn analysis of plants for

different nutrients.

Microbiological tools and techniques, preparation of media, counting of bacteria, simple staining

techniques. Identification of bacteria by biochemical tests and similarity matrix; determination of

ammonification and nitrification potential of soil; study of nitrogen fixation by free living bacteria;

preparation of inoculum and its application; measurement of BNF; sterilization of seed and soil.

Determination of water quality for drinking and irrigation purposes.

17

Measurement of physical parameters of atmosphere; collection of air sample from different locations

in Dhaka city and determination of nature and concentration of pollutants.

Estimation of microbial biomass, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus;

Books recommended:

Anderson, J.M. and J. S .I. Ingram. Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility: A Hand Book of

Methods.

Huq and Alam. 2005. A Handbook on Analyses of Soil, Plant and Water. SWED, Dhaka

University.

Jackson, M. L. 1973. Soil Chemical Analysis.Prentice Hall, New Delhi, India.

Klute, A. 1986.Methods of Soil Analysis. Part I. (2nd ed.) Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madisn, WI,

USA.

233315 Viva-voce 2 Credit

The viva-voce will be evaluated by the Examination committee. The student’s performance on the

overall courses will be assessed through oral examination.

FOURTH YEAR

243301 Soil Survey and Land Evaluation 2 Credit

Objective:

This course (243301) is intended to expose the students with the modern concepts and techniques in

conducting soil survey. More emphasis is given on applied aspects like stereoscopic study, describing

soils in the field as well as delineating soil mapping units, taxonomic classification, data

interpretation and report preparation. Lecture also introduce theoretical concepts in remote sensing

and connect these concepts to soil survey application.

Course content:

Soil Survey: Definition and Aspects, Principal types, Importance and Agricultural uses of Survey

data, Modern Orders of Soil Survey –their Specifications, techniques and uses with advantages and

limitations. Soil Survey Work Plan and Traverse Plan.Examination and Description of Soil in the

Field.

Soil Mapping: Map Projection, Scale, and Legend, Digital Map Construction using GIS, Plotting of

Soil Boundaries, Different Types of Soil Map, Soil Mapping and Taxonomic Units, USDA Soil

Classification and Soil Correlation Studies. Tools and Techniques of Soil Sampling for Different

Purposes.

Base Materials: Principal type of Base Maps –Vertical and Oblique Aerial Photograph, Aerial

Mosaic, Topographic Map, Mouza Map, Satellite Images etc.with their Merits and

Demerits.Background of Aerial Platform, Photo Scale and Distortion, Flight Planning, Aerial Camera

and Filter.

18

Photogrammetry: Definition and Basic Principles; Height, Relief Displacement and Area

Measurement and Correction. Definition and Principles of Aerial Photo-Interpretation (API).Theory

of Stereovision.Use of Stereoscope in Interpretation and Analysis of Aerial Photos.

Land Evaluation: Definition, Purpose and Principles. Land Use and Land Cover. Land Evaluation

Procedure, Land Capability and Crop Suitability Classification in Bangladesh, Sustainable Land Use

Planning.Soil Survey Interpretations.Soil Survey Database in Bangladesh –District Reconnaissance

Report.

Remote Sensing (RS): Background and Basic Principles, Electromagnetic Energy, Satellite System

and Orbital Characteristics, Sensors and Resolution Types; Passive and Active RS System, Basic

Components –Data Acquisition, Processing, Interpretation and Analysis.

Books Recommended:

Buol et al. 2003.Soil Genesis and Classification. (5th ed.) Iowa State University Press, Iowa,

USA.

Jensen, J. R. 2006. Remote sensing of the Environment. Pearson Education Inc.

Lillesand et al. 2008.Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. (6th ed.) John Wiley and

Sons.

Sehgal, J. L. Introductory Pedology: Soil Genesis, Survey and Classification. Kalyani

Publishers, New Delhi, India.

243303 Soil Conservation and Soil management 4 Credit

Objective:

Soil Conservation and Soil Management (243303) deals with types, processes, extent and effects of

soil degradation and soil erosion with special emphasis on their control. This course also aims to

educate the students how to conserve an irreplaceable resource like soil and to teach students how to

manage a soil for better crop production. This course also deals with the problem soils and their

management strategies.

Course content:

Soil as a basic and irreplaceable resource.Population versus resource base of the world; Soil quality

concept; Physical, chemical and biological indicators of soil quality.

Soil Degradation: Types and processes of soil degradation; Factors affecting soil degradation;

Assessment of degradation processes on world scale; Soil degradation in South Asia and South-East

Asia.

Soil Erosion: Classification of erosion; harmful effects of erosion; factors affecting water and wind

erosion; quantifying the impact of erosion; field measurements of erosion; predicting erosion potential

erosion models; monitoring soil erosion impact on crop productivity.

Soil Conservation: Principles of soil conservation; planning soil conservation for a given area; land

capability classification in relation to soil degradation; problems of implementing soil conservation

practices in the field; Socio-economic aspects of soil conservation.

19

Sustainable land use: Land sustainability, sustainable land use system and soil resilience; assessment

of soil sustainability; Functions of soil management techniques for soil and water conservation; future

approaches of soil conservation.

Objective and principle of soil management; preparation of seedbed; maintenance of organic matter

in soil; nitrogen economy of soils; organic manures - green manure, farm manure, compost and other

organic manners; preparation of different types of manures and composts; microbiology of manures

and composts; importance of manures and composts in improving soil properties and crop yield.

Origin and nature of problem soils; formation, properties, amelioration and management of various

problematic soils: saline, alkaline and acid soils; acid sulphate soils; waterlogged soils; hilly soils;

forest soils; sandy soils; soils contaminated with pesticides and other pollutants; organic soils and

their utilization. Wetland and coastal management.

Concept of dry land farming and organic farming.

Books recommended:

Blum et al. 1998. Methods for Assessment of Soil Degradation. CRC Press, New York.

Khan, T. H. 1999. Soil Conservation and Sustainable Land Use, Dept of Soil, Water and

Environment, Univ. of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Lal, R. and B. A. Stewart. 1990. Advances in Soil Science. Vol.II. Soil Degradation. Springer-

Verlag, New York.

Morgan, R. P. C. 1995. Soil Erosion and Water Conservation. (2nd ed.) Longman Group UK

Limited.

Pierce, F. J. and W. W. Fyre. 1998. Advances in Soil and Water Conservation. (1st ed.)

Sleeping Beer Press, USA.



Malcolm, E. S. (Ed.). 2000. Handbook of Soil Science. CRC Press LLC.

243305 Soils of Bangladesh 2 Credit Objective:

The aim of this course (243305) is the study of the origin and behavior of soil resources of

Bangladesh. At the end of this course, students should be able to understand the genesis,

classification and use potentials of the soils of Bangladesh.

Course Content:

Environmental conditions and pedogenic factors in Bangladesh; dominant soil forming processes

in Bangladesh; stages of soil formation under seasonally flooded conditions- ripening,

homogenization, reduction, ferrolysis, decalcification, formation of gleyans, formation of subsoil

structure, acidification, formation of mottles, formation of plough pan etc.; inundation land types;

soils on physiographic units of Bangladesh.

Major soils of Bangladesh; 7-soil tracts; general soil types of Bangladesh; classification of the soils

of Bangldesh on the basis of Soil Taxonomy and FAO-UNESCO Legend; Agroecological Zones

(AEZ) of Bangladesh: concept of AEZ, and brief description of different AEZs of Bangladesh; soil

series and soil families in Bangladesh; Morphological description of some important soil series of

Bangladesh.

20

Books Recommended:

Brammer, H. 1996. The Geography of the Soils of Bangladesh. The Univ. Press Ltd., Dhaka.

FAO-UNDP. 1988. Land Resources Appraisal of Bangladesh for Agricultural Development.

Agroecological Regions of Bangladesh.Report-2.FAO report.FSO, Rome.

Hassan, M. M. 1999. Soils of Bangladesh- Their Genesis, Classification and Use

Potential.Consultant and Allied Agro Industries, Dhaka.

Huq, S.M.I. and J. U. M. Shoaib. 2013. The Soils of Bangladesh. Springer-Verlag, New York

Inc.

Hussain, M. S. 1992. Soil Classification with Special Reference to the Soils of Bangladesh.

Dhaka Univ. Press, Dhaka.

243307 Soil Water Management 4 Credit

Objective: 243307 (Soil water Management) is intended to provide Under Graduate students of the department

with the theoretical basis for understanding soil water regime and the relationships among soil water,

plant and atmosphere. This course will also focus on irrigation and drainage practices. After the

completion of the course, students will gain a comprehensive knowledge on Soil-Plant-Atmosphere-

Continuum (SPAC) and on the process of irrigation and drainage.

Course contents:

Soil water regime: Field capacity concept, available water, factors affecting water storage in the soil

profile, field water balance.

Infiltration, factors affecting infiltration, profile moisture distribution during infiltration, infiltration

models, methods of measuring infiltration rates.

Evaporation, factors affecting evaporation, reduction of evaporation from bare soil surface.

Soil water - plant relations: Role of water in plants, processes of water absorption by plants, energy

concept of water absorption, pathway of water in soil-plant-atmosphere system, factors affecting

water absorption.

Plant responses to soil moisture conditions- the water relations in the soil-plant-atmosphere

continuum (SPAC); Resistances in the movement of water within the plants and from soil to the roots.

Transpiration, factors affecting transpiration. Water requirement of crops, evapotranspiration (ET) and

consumptive use (CU), classification of CU of water by crops, factors affecting ET, methods of

estimating ET.

Irrigation: Background history of irrigation; Sources and Quality of Irrigation water; Selection of land for

irrigation; Frequency of irrigation / irrigation cycle; Time to start and when to stop irrigation;

Irrigation units, Duty of water.Irrigation systems-their suitability for different soils and crops; Field

irrigation efficiency. Irrigation needs of major crops in Bangladesh.

Drainage:

21

History of drainage; Land requirement of drainage; Problems, needs and benefits of drainage; Types

of drainage- their merits and demerits; Drainage relation to irrigation, slope and other

parameter.Drainage of coastal planes and swampy lands.

Waterlogged soil; Types of water logging; Factors affecting formation of waterlogged soil; Constrains

associated with excess water; Management of waterlogged soil.

Books recommended:




Majumdar, D. K. Irrigation Water Management, Principles and Practice. Prentice-Hall,

India.

Sharma, S. K. 1988. Principles and Practice of Irrigation Engineering.S.Chand& Company

(Pvt) Ltd. New Delhi, India.

243309 Ecology and Environment 4 Credit Objective:

243309 (Ecology and Environment) is a multidisciplinary course which provides knowledge on the

interactions between organisms and their environments, balance in ecosystem processes, and on

environmental conservation. Students will learn to predict what will happen to an organism, a

population or a community under a particular set of circumstances. Based on these predictions, the

students will be able to control and exploit the organisms.

Course contents:

Ecology and its domain: Organisms – match between organisms and their environments; Conditions,

Resources, Unitary and modular organisms; dispersal,dispersion and migration in space and time.

Communities and Ecosystems: Interactions of biological and environmental factors, structure,

different components, energy flow, food chain, food web, energy exchange in ecosystem, ecosystem

modeling.

Succession: Causes, trends, types, and general process of succession, model of succession.

Ecological Interactions: Neutralism, competition, mutualism, commensalism, ammensalism,

parasitism, disease, predators, plant/ microbe, animal/ microbe, animal/ animal, plant/ animal &

microbe/ microbe.

Bio-geochemical Cycles: Carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, &phosphprus cycles.

Soil Ecology: main features,ecological effects on plants,manipulation of soil ecology.

Biodiversity: Biomass, microbial biomass, biodiversity, factors responsible for determination of

biodiversity, levels of biodiversity, types of biodiversity, global biodiversity crisis, losses and

conservation of biodiversity with special reference to Bangladesh.Biotechnology.

22

Genetically modified plants and microbes: use in the environment, food, agriculture, and

technology transfer.

Forest Ecosystem: Biomes;Total territory of forest land, species diversity, Plant forms and

adaptation; conservation of tree genetic resources, types of species to be affected by global climate

change.Forest ecology of Bangladesh.

Anthropogenic Effects on Ecosystem: Factors affecting human population change, world

population growth pattern, urbanization and industrialization, population growth pattern vs.

resources of Bangladesh, human impacts on ecosystem. Books recommended:

Aditya, A. K. and P. Haldar. 2000. Biodiversity and Environment. Daya Publishing House,

Tri Nagar, Delhi, India.

Begon et al. 1996.Ecology. (3rd ed.) Blackwell Science Ltd.

Fisher, R.F. and D. Binkley. 2000. Ecology and Management of Forest Soils. John Wiley &

Sons Inc., Canada.

Killham, K. 1994. Soil Ecology. Cambridge University Press, UK.

Molles, M. C. 2002. Ecology: Concepts and Applications. (2nd ed.) McGraw-Hill Higher

Education.

243311 Agronomy 2 Credit Objective:

243311 (Agronomy) is an under graduate course designed to educate students the basic principles of

agriculture. On completion of this course the students will be able to understand the relationship

between climate and agriculture, soil tillage, seed germination and weed control.

Course contents:

Principles of Agronomy; Origin and importance of agriculture; Agronomy and duties of an

agronomist; Location, area, climate, rivers and agricultural seasons of Bangladesh; Agronomic

classification of plants; Crop propagation.

Agricultural climatology: Weather and climatological elements; Influence of weather and climate on

vegetation and crop production; Factors affecting climate of a region.

Soil tillage: Purposes of tillage practices; Soil tilth; Types and methods of tillage operations; Tillage

equipment and implements - their classification and suitability of their use to different soils and crops;

Farm machinery.

Seed: Definition and importance of seed; Seed germination; Seed dormancy; Quality of good seeds

and seedlings; Factors affecting quality of seeds and seedlings; Evaluation of seed quality; Seed

testing and seed treatment; Seed certification; Seed rate; Seed law; Maximum economic yield of crop.

Weeds: Classification of weeds; Harmful and beneficial effects of weeds; Crop – weed association;

Weed management and control. Herbicides - classification, use and methods of application; Weed

control environmental concerns; Common weeds of Bangladesh.

23

Farm: Farm layout, farming and farm budgeting.

Books recommended:

Gopal, C. D. 1989.Fundamentals of Agronomy.Oxford and IBH Publ. Co. Ltd.

Kakde, J. R. 1985. Agricultural Climatology. (2nd ed.) Metropolitan Books, New Delhi.

Pearson, L.C. 1967. Principles of Agronomy. (1st ed.) Prindle Weber and Schmidt.

Rao, V. S. 2000. Principles of Weed Science. (2nd ed.) CRC Press.

243313 Agricultural statistics 2 Credit

Objective:

This course (243313) is designed to acquaint the students with the statistical theories and methods

and its application in biological sciences and agriculture which will enable them to understand the

concept involved in data presentation, analysis and interpretation. The content would ultimately

prepare the students to handle research data for appropriate statistical analysis and interpretation.

Course Contents:

Introductory Statistics: Definition, Characteristics and Importance. Data Collection, Classification

and Summarization.Tabular and Graphical representation of Data.Frequency distribution –Ungrouped

and Grouped, Frequency Polygon and Ogive.

Summary Measures: Measures of Central Tendency –Mean, Median and Mode and their Empirical

Relations. Quantiles, Box Plot. Absolute and Relative Measures of Dispersion –Mean Deviation,

Standard Deviation and Co-efficient of Variation. Standard Error of the Mean.Normal Distribution

and Skewness.

Probability and Sampling: Concept of Probability Measures, Probability Rules –Addition and

Multiplication Law. Population and Sampling, Sample size, Sample Design, Errors in Sample Survey.

Relationship between Variables: Simple Correlation Analysis, their Testing and Interpretation.

Regression Analysis –Simple Linear and Multiple Regression Model, Regression

Equation.Coefficient of Determination.

Test of Hypothesis: Null and Alternative Hypotheses, Student’s t-Test, Chi-Square Test, F-Test,

Tukey’s test, Confidence Limit, ANOVA and Test of Significance.

Experimental Design: Basic Concepts and Principles, Field Plot Technique, Completely Randomised

Design, Randomised Block Design and Latin Square Design –their Field Lay-out, Analysis of

Variance and Significance Test.

Books Recommended:

Gomez, K. A. and A. A. Gomez. 1984. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. John

Wiley and Sons, Inc.

Mahajan, B. K. 2010. Methods in Biostatistics. (7th ed.) Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers.

24

Mian, M. A. and A. M. Miyan. 2011. An Introduction to Statistics (5th ed.) Ideal Books,

Dhaka.

Rangaswamy, R. 1995. A text book of Agricultural Statistics.New Age International.

Zaman et al. 1982.Simple Lessons from Biometry.Bangladesh Rice Res. Ins. Joydebpur.

243315 Crops of Bangladesh 2 Credit

Objective:

From 243315 (Crops of Bangladesh) the students will gain comprehensive knowledge on indigenous

food crops, vegetable, and fruit crops of Bangladesh. It will create opportunity to know cultivation

practices along with innovative technologies to increase yield that will ensure sustainable

agricultural crop production and food security. The students will learn fundamental concepts and

principles of Crop Science and then relate these concepts for the improved production of various crop

plants. The course will provide substantial knowledge on crop parameters, methods of cultivation,

limitations as well as necessary initiatives to overcome these limitations to boost up crop production.

Course contents:

Classification of crops. Agronomy of arable crops of Bangladesh: origin, climate, soil requirements, cultural practices,

fertilization, harvesting and storing of the main crops of Bangladesh.

Cereal crops of Bangladesh: Rice, wheat and maize. Brief description about other minor cereal crops

of Bangladesh.

Fibre crops of Bangladesh: Jute and cotton. Brief description about other minor fibre crops.

Other important crops of Bangladesh: Sugarcane, potato, tobacco, pulse and oilseed crops.

Agronomy of perennial crops: Tea, rubber, jackfruit, mango and coconut.

Cropping systems practiced in Bangladesh: monocropping, mixed cropping, multiple cropping and

crop rotation. Cropping intensity and crop calendar.

Books recommended:

Dey, G. C. Fundamentals of Agronomy.

Duncan, G. H. and W. A. Ross. 1957. Growing Field Crops. McGraw-Hill, NY.

JalilBhuiyan, A. J. and A. K. Ganguly.Fruit Tree Management.

Radha, T. and L. Mathew. 2007. Fruit Crops. New India Publishing, New Delhi, India.

Singh, S. S. Handbook of Agricultural Science.

Singth, C. 1989. Modern Techniques of Raising Field Crops. Oxford & IBH Publishing, New

Delhi.

243317 Climate Change and Adaptation 2 Credit

Objective:

25

The objective of this course (243317) is to guide the students to gain knowledge and tackle problems

on i) Climate change, ii) Effects/evidences of changes in climate and adaptation, iii)

Impacts/uncertainties/risk of climate change and adaptation/mitigation technologies, iv) Clean

technology; support science, innovation and promote climate resilience, well-built communities,

international and regional cooperation.

Course Content:

Earth’s Climate System – Climate in the spotlight, climate classification, the earth’s natural green

house effects and global warming.

Observed changes and its causes – Observation of effects and evidences of changes in climate and

environment, changes in patterns of temperature, precipitation and sea level rise, drivers of climate

change, climate sensitivity and feedbacks.

Impacts of climate change - Impacts of climate change and possible solutions on various sectors:

Agriculture, Forestry and Ecosystem, Industry, Human health and Society. Projected impacts for

different regions, uncertainties in the projected impacts of climate change, risk of irreversible

changes.

Climate change adaptation and mitigation measures – Adaptation strategy/options in various

sectors: Industry, Agriculture, Coastal Zones, Human Health. Key mitigation technologies and

practices: Industry, Agriculture, Carbon capture and storage.

Clean technology – Principles of low carbon economy, carbon trading, clean development

mechanism, examples of future clean technology.

Climate Change: a. Long term goals - Economic growth, research and innovation, managing risks,

well-built communities, and international and regional cooperation; b. Short term needs – Price on

carbon, actions in key sectors, support science and technology, promote climate resilience and risk

management.

Books recommended:

Al core, Inconvenient Truth, - Video form (1h 36 min), Amazon Video on Disc

(www.imdb/title/tt0497116), 2006.

Dash, S.K. 2007.Climate Change – An Indian Perspective, Cambridge Univ. Press India Pvt.

Ltd. India.

Johnston, T. and Q. Chiotti. 2000. Climate change and the adaptability of Agriculture, ASA

Spec. Publ. No. 59, Madison, USA.

Pachauri, R. K. and A. Reisinger, A. (Eds.). 2007. IPCC Fourth Assessment Report - The AR4

Synthesis Report, IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland.

van Dam, J. C. 2003. Impacts of climate change and climate variability on hydrological

regimes, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK.

243319 Soil Chemistry – II 2 Credit

Objective:

The objective of 243319 (Soil Chemistry-II) is to increase students’ understanding on differences

between chemistry of upland and submerged soils and to increase familiarity with submerged soils of

Bangladesh. After completing this course the students’ skill in research with submerged soils will

26

increase and they will be able to utilize submerged soils for boosting rice production through better

management.

Course Content:

Chemistry of waterlogged soil: Characteristics of waterlogged soils; electrochemical changes;

transformations of N, P, S, Fe, Mn and other nutrients; chemical changes during drying of

waterlogged soils; decomposition of organic matter and its effect on soil chemical properties;

chemical, physical and biological conditions prevailing in paddy soils; adaptation of plants to

waterlogged soils.

Chemical potential of soil cations and anions: Chemical equilibrium – general principle; pH and

solubility of different chemical compounds; equilibrium involving sparingly soluble crystalline solids

– calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, oxides of iron and aluminum.

Books recommended:

Bohn et al. 1979.Soil Chemistry. (2nd ed.) A. Wiley-Interscience Publication.



IRRI. 1964. Mineral Nutrition of Rice. Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

IRRI. 1985. Wetland Soils: Characterization, Classification and Utilization. International

Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines.

Ponampurema, F. N. 1972. Chemistry of Submerged Soil.Advances in Agronomy.Am. Soc.

Agron, Madison, USA.

Sanchez, P. A. 1976. Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics.John Wiley & Sons.

Tan, K. H. 1993. Principles of Soil Chemistry. (2nd ed.) Marcel Dekker, Inc.

Wild, A. 1988.Russell’s Soil Conditions and Plant Growth. (11th ed.) Longman Scientific.

243320 Seminar 2 Credit The objective of this course is to train the students in preparing seminar paper on a given topic,

preparation and use of presentation materials - slides, transparencies, multimedia projectors, etc. At

the end of the course students will be required to prepare a seminar paper on a given topic and present

it before an audience.

243321 Practical 8 Credit (Forty percent (40%) of the total mark is allocated for class record and sixty percent (60%) for final

examination)

Study of Base Materials, Stereoscopic Study and Interpretation of aerial photograph.Study and

Identification of Soils in the Field, Demarcation of Soil Boundaries on Base Map. Construction of

Final Soil Map etc. using GPS and GIS. Preparation of Soil Survey Report with Data Interpretations

and Recommendations.

Pot/Field/Laboratory experiment: students will jointly carry out a pot/field/laboratory experiment to

study a given problem. The objectives of the experiment will be (a) training of the students in

determining the objectives of an experiment; (b) preparation of experimental design; (c) setting up of

the experiment; (d) cultural practices; (e) analysis of soil and plant samples; (f) interpretation of' data;

and (g) preparation of report and recommendation. Evaluation of seed quality in the laboratory.Seed

testing and treatments.

27

Field trips to different Agro-Ecological Zones of' Bangladesh. Visit to different soil conservation

related laboratories and research stations. Field visit and report submission on lands most prone to

climate change. Collection of soil samples and determination of Bulk density, Percentage of different

sized particles,

Visit to the polluted areas around Dhaka city and collection of waste effluent, soil, and plant sample;

determination of heavy metals in waste, sewage sludge, soil and plant sample; determination of water

quality; determination of DO, BOD and COD; preparation of report and recommendation.

Books recommended:

Huq and Alam. 2005. A Handbook on Analyses of Soil, Plant and Water. SWED, Dhaka

University.

Jackson, M. L. 1973. Soil Chemical Analysis.Prentice Hall, New Delhi, India.

Klute, A. 1986.Methods of Soil Analysis. Part I. (2nd ed.) Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madisn, WI,

USA.

243322 413 Viva-voce 2 Credit

The viva-voce will be evaluated by the Examination committee. Student’s performance on the overall courses will be assessed through oral examination.

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