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SCHEME

M.Sc. Physics (Nano – Science & Technology) PART-I ( I & II SEMESTER ) 2013-14 & 2014-15 SESSIONCode Title Of Paper HOURS

(PER WEEK)

MAX. MARKS (**)

M.Sc. Ist SEMESTER

NT 1.1.1 Introduction to Nanotechnology 4 80

NT 1.1.2 Mathematical Physics 4 80

NT 1.1.3 Condensed Matter Physics 4 80

NT 1.1.4 Electromagnetic Theory & Radiating Systems

4 80

NT 1.1.5 Lab Practice 9 120

NT 1.1.6 Computer Lab 3 60

M.Sc. IInd SEMESTER

NT 1.2.1 Synthesis and Characterization of Nanomaterials

4 80

NT 1.2.2 Quantum Mechanics 4 80

NT 1.2.3 Statistical Mechanics 4 80

NT 1.2.4 Material Science 4 80

NT 1.2.5 Lab Practice 9 120

NT 1.2.6 Computer Lab 3 60

(**) Theory: External Examination = 60 marks Laboratory : External Examination = 100 Marks Internal Assessment = 20 marks Internal Assessment = 20 Marks

Computer Lab: External Examination = 50 Marks Internal Assessment = 10 Marks

Semester I

NT 1.1.1 Introduction to Nanotechnology

Maximum Marks: 80 Time allowed: 3 HoursPass Marks: 35 % Total teaching hours: 50

Out of 80 Marks, internal assessment based on mid-semester test carries 20 marks, and the final examination at the end of the semester carries 60 marks.

Instruction for the Paper Setter: The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Sections A, B, C, and D will have two questions from respective sections of the syllabus and Section E will have 8 short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. All the sections A, B, C, D and E carry equal marks of 12 each.

Instruction for the candidates: The candidates are required to attempt one question each from sections A, B, C, and D of the question paper, and the entire section E.

Use of scientific calculators is allowed.

SECTION A

Definition of Nanotechnology, Nanoscience & nature, Need of nanotechnology,Size dependence of properties, Quantum confinement effect, Effective mass

approximation, Weak confinement regime,Intermediate confinement regime, Strong confinement regime,Empirical pseudopotential method, Tight binding model, Statistical effects of spatial confinement.

Properties of Isolated nanoparticles & nanocrystalline powders: Structural & phase transformations, Crystal lattice constant, Phonon spectrum & heat capacity, magnetic properties, optical properties,catalytic properties.

Effect of grain size & interfaces on the properties of bulk nanomaterials: Mechnical properties, Thermal properties,electric properties,magnetic properties.

SECTION B

Metal Nanoclusters: Magic numbers, Theoretical modeling of nanoparticles,Geometric structure, Electronic struture, Reactivity,Fluctuations, Magnetic clusters.

Rare gas & Molecular Clusters: Inert gas clusters,Superfluid clusters,Molecular clusters, Self assembly.

Organic compounds and polymers,Biological nanostructures.

Bulk Nanostructured Materials: Soild disordered nanostructures,Nanostructured multi-layers,Metal nanocluster composite glasses,porous silicon.

Nanostructured Crystals: Natural Crystals, Arrays of nanoparticles in zeolites, crystal of metal particles,Nanoparticle lattice in colloidal suspensions, Photonic crystals.

SECTION C

Carbon Nanostructures: New carbon structures,Carbon clusters,Carbon nanotubes.Quantum wells,wires & dots,Semiconductor nanocrystals: Energy levels & density of states in reduced dimension systems, electronic structure & electronic properties,

optical properties, catalytic properties, Coulombic explosion,Photofragmentation,Superconductivity & quantum structures.

Nanostructured ferromagnetism: Effect of bulk nanostructuring on magnetic properties,Dynamics of nanomagnets, Nanocarbon ferromagnets,Giant & colossal magnetoresistance, Ferrofluids.

NT 1.1.1 Introduction to Nanotechnology

SECTION D

Nanomachines & Nanodevices: Microelectromechanical systems(MEMSs), Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMSs), Molecular mimics; Molecular & supramolecular switches.

Applications of nanomaterials: Quantum dot lasers & light emitting diodes,Photovoltaic solar cells,Optical filters, Phosphors, High density optical data storage devices, Batteries,Smart textile,Nanophotocatalyst, Nanosensors, Insulation materials, Strong & light machine tools,motor vehicles & aircrafts,High power magnets, Medical implants, Drug delivery systems, Nanogenerators,Nanolubricants,Nanopaints.

Reference Books:

1. Introduction to Nanotechnology by C P Poole Jr. and F J Owens, Published by Wiley Interscience

2. Nanocrystalline Materials by A I Gusev and A A Rempel, Published by Cambridge International Science Publishing.

3. Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies by M.Wilson,K K G Smith, M Simmons and B Raguse, Published by Chapman & Hall/CRC

4. Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology Edited by Bharat Bhushan, Published by Springer.

NT 1.1.2 Mathematical Physics






SECTION A

Gamma and Beta functions:Definition and their relations Bessel functions: Series solutions of Bessel's differential eqation recurence realtions, Evaluation of Jn(x) for half-integral, generating function, Orthogonality (statement only). Legendre Polynomials: Series solution of Legendre differential equation, Rodrigue and recurrence formulae Generating function; Associated Legendre equation and polynomials; Hermite polynomials : Series solution of Hermite differential equation, Hermite polynomials, Generating functions, Recurrence relations, Orthogonality (statement only), Simple integral involving Hermite polynomials.

SECTION B

Laplace transforms, Definition, Laplace transform of elementary functions, Basic theorems of Laplace transforms, Inverse Laplace transforms, its properties and related theorems, Convolution theorem, Use of Laplace transforms in the solution of differential and integral equations, Evaluation of integrals using Laplace transforms.

Fourier series and transform, Dirichlet conditions, Expansion of periodic functions in Fourier series, Sine and cosine series, The finite Fourier sine and cosine transforms, Complex form of Fourier series, Fourier integral theorem and Fourier transform, Parseval's identity for Fourier series and transforms.

SECTION CPartial differential equations, One dimensional wave equation, The vibrating string fixed at both ends, D'Alembert and Fourier series solutions, Vibrations of a freely hanging chain, Two dimensional wave equation in rectangular membrane, Wave equation in the two dimensional polar coordinates and vibrations of a circular membrane, 3-D wave equation and its solution, Equation of heat conduction, Two dimensional heat conduction, Temperature distribution in a rectangular and circular plate, 3-D heat conduction equation.

SECTION DEvaluation of polynomials: Horner's method; Root finding: Fixed point iteration, Bisection method, Regula falsi method, Newton method, Error analysis; System of linear equations: Gauss elimination, Gauss Seidel method, Interpolation and Extrapolation : Lagrange's interpolation, least square fitting; Differentiation and Integration: Difference operators, Simpson and trapezoidal rules; Ordinary differential equation: Euler method, Taylor method.

NT 1.1.2 Mathematical Physics

TEXT BOOKS;

Applied Mathematics: L.A. PipesMathematical Physics: ArfkenLaplace Transforms: M.R. SpeigelNumerical Methods: J.H. Mathews, PHI

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Advanced Engg. Mathematics: E. Kreyszig, Wiley Eastern Pub.

NT 1.1.3 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS






SECTION A

Diffraction methods, Lattice vibrations, free electrons: Diffraction methods, Scattered wave amplitude, reciprocal lattice, Brillouin zones, structure factor, form factor and Debye Waller factor, Lattice vibrations of mono-atomic and diatomic linear lattices, IR absorption, neutron scattering, Free electron gas in 1-D and 3-D. Heat capacity of metals, Thermal effective mass, Wiedman-Franz law, Quantized Hall effect,

SECTION B

Optical processes and nanotechnology: optical reflectance, Kramers-Kronig relations, electronic inter-band transitions, Excitons, and its type, Raman effect in crystals, electron spectroscopy with X-rays, energy loss of fast particles in solids. Introduction tonanoparticles, Metal nano clusters(various types), Properties of semiconducting nanoparticles, methods of synthesis, Quantum well, Quantum wire and Quantum dot(in brief) and their fabrication.

SECTION C

Carbon nanostructures and Energy bands in semiconductors: Carbon molecules, Carban cluster, C60(its crystals and superconductivity), Carbon nano tubes, their fabrication and properties, application of carbon nano tubes. Nearly free electron model, Kronig-penny model, wave equation of electrons in a periodic potential, Solution of the central equation, Solutions near a zone boundary,

SECTION D

Semiconductors and Fermi-surfaces in Metals : Band gap,Equation of motion, properties of holes, Effective mass of electrons (m*), m* in semiconductors, Band structure of Si and Ge, Intrinsic carrier concentration, Intrinsic and extrinsic conductivity, different zone schemes, constructions of Fermi surfaces, De Haas Van Alphen effect, Extremal orbits,Fermi surfaces for Cu and Au, Magnetic breakdown.

TEXT BOOKS:1. Introduction to Solid State Physics; C. Kittel (7th Ed.) , Wiley Eastern, N. Delhi, 19952. Introduction to Nano Technololgy: Charles P Poople, Jr. and Frank J.Owens, John Wiley &

Sons Publications, 2003

NT1.1.4 ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY AND RADIATING SYSTEMS


Out of 80 Marks, internal assessment based on mid-semester tests carries 20 marks, and the final examination at the end of the semester carries 60 marks.




SECTION A

Fundamentals of vector analysis: Gradient, Divergence and Curl, Fundamental relations of the electrostatic field, Gauss's Law, the potential function, field due to a continuous distribution of charge, Equipotential surfaces, divergence theorem, Poisson's and Laplace's equations, capacitance, electrostatic energy, Conditions at a boundary between dielectrics, Electrostatic uniqueness theorem for field of a charge distribution. Dirac delta representation for a point charge and for an infinitesimal dipole.

Theories of the magnetic field, Magnetic induction and Faraday's law. Magnetic flux density. Magnetic field strength and magneto-motive force, Ampere's work law in the different work form. Permeability. Energy stored in a magnetic field. Ampere's law for a current element, volume distribution of current and the Dirac delta. Ampere's force law. Magnetic vector potential and its alternative derivation. Far field of a current distribution, analogies between electric and magnetic fields.

SECTION B

Equation of continuity for time varying fields. Inconsistency of Ampere's law, Maxwell's equations. Conditions at a boundary surface. Solution for free-space condition. Uniform plane wave and its propagation. The wave equations for a conducting medium. Sinusoidal time variations. Conductors, dielectrics and polarization. Direction cosines. Reflection by a perfect conductor: Normal and oblique incidence. Reflection by a perfect dielectric: normal and oblique incidence, reflection at the surface of conductive medium, Surface impedance.

Waves between parallel planes. Transverse electric and magnetic waves. Characteristics of TE and TM waves. Transverse electromagnetic waves, velocities of propagation. Attenuation in parallel-plane guides. Wave impedances, electric field and current flow within the conductor.

NT1.1.4 ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY AND RADIATING SYSTEMS

SECTION C

Poynting's theorem, instantaneous, average and complex poynting vector. Power loss in a plane conductor. Rectangular wave guides. Transverse electric and magnetic waves in rectangular wave guides. Impossibility of TEM wave in wave guides. Solution of the field equations, cylindrical coordinates. TM and TE waves in circular guides. Wave impedances and characteristic impedances. Attenuation factor and Q of wave guides. Dielectric slab wave guide.

Charged particle equation of motion. Force and energy. Circular motion in a magnetic field, crossed-field motion of a charged particle. Space-charge-limited diode. Plasma oscillations, Wave propagation in a plasma. Polarization of dielectric materials. Equivalent volume and surface charges. The permittivity concept, magnetic polarization, Equivalent volume and surface currents. The permeability concept. Frequency response of dielectric materials.

SECTION D

Potential functions and the electromagnetic field. Potential functions for sinusoidal oscillations. The alternating current element. Power radiated by a current element. Application to short antennas. Assumed current distribution. Radiation from a quarter-wave monopole. Sine and cosine integrals. Electromagnetic field close to an antenna. Solution of the potential equations. Far field approximation.

Electromagnetic waves propagation in ionosphere: effective permittivity and conductivity of an ionized gas, reflection and refraction of waves by the ionosphere, attenuation factor for ionospheric propagation,

BOOKS RECOMMENDED

1. Electromagnetic Wave and Radiating Systems: E.C. Jordan and K.G. Balmain, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.

2. Field and Wave Electromagnetics: David K. Cheng, Pearson Education

3. Elements of Electromagnetics: Matthew N.O. Sadiku, Oxford University Press.

M.Sc. (NANOTECHNOLOGY) PART-I ( Ist and IInd SEMESTER)

NT 1.1.5 Lab Practice



Experiments based on optics, Lasers, Electronics & solid state physics

NT 1.1.6 Computer Lab



These laboratories comprises of experiments based on physics problems to be solved by

computer.

Semester II







SECTION A

General classification of synthesis techniques, Stabilization of colloidal systems. Wet chemical synthesis technique, Sol-gel technique, Template synthesis technique, Electrodeposition technique, Mechanicanosynthetic methods, Lithogarphic techinque, High energy methods, Thermal methods, Epitaxy growth technique.

SECTION B

Chemical nanoreactors,Nanofabrication via atom optics, Nanoparticles from low pressure-low temperature plasmas, Vapour processing of nanostructured materials.Preparation of Bulk Nanocrystalline Materials: Compaction of nanopowders, Film & coating deposition, Crystallization of amorphous alloys, Severe plastic deformation, Disorder-order transformation.

SECTION C

Diffraction techniques: X-ray diffraction,Neutron diffraction,Electron diffraction,Electron microscopy: Scanning electron microscopy,Transmission electron microscopeScanning probe microscopy: Scanning tunneling microscope, Atomic force microscope X-ray scattering techniques, Differential scanning calorimetry, Differential thermal/thermal gravitational analysis, Particle size analyzer, Vibrating sample magnetometer, SQUID magnetometer.

SECTION D

Spectroscopic Techniques : UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Luminescence spectroscopy, Atomic absorption spectroscopy, Mass spectroscopy, Electron spin resonance spectroscopy, Mossbauer spectroscopy, Ultrasound attenuation spectroscopy.


Reference Books:

1. Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology Edited By H S Nalwa, Published by Academic Press.

2. Nanochemistry by G B Sergeev, Published by Elsevier.

3. Nanocrystalline Materials by A I Gusev and A A Rempel, Published by Cambridge International Science Publishing.

4. Introduction to Nanotechnology by C P Poole Jr. and F J Owens, Published by Wiley Interscience

5. Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology Edited by Bharat Bhushan,Published by Springer.

6. Handbook of Spectroscopy Edited by G Gaugliz an T Vo-Dinh,Published by WILEY VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.

7. Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry Edited by JC Lindon, G E Tranter and J L Holmes, Published by Academic Press.

8. Concise Encyclopedia of Materials Characterization Edited by R Cahn, Published by Elsevier.

9. Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Edited by J A Schwarz, C I Contescu and K Putyera,Published by Marcel Dekker Inc.

10. Handbook of Microscopy for Nanotechnology Edited by N Yao and Z L Wang,Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers.

NT1.2.2 QUANTUM MECHANICS






SECTION A

Wave Mechanics: Review of wave mechanical principles. Time independent Schrodinger equation in one, two and three dimensions. Eigen values and Eigen functions. Bound states. Discrete eigen values. Orthogonality of eigen functions. Completeness of eigen functions. Box and function normalization. Expectation values of observables. Uncertainty principle.

Particle in a one dimensional box with finite walls. Two dimensional square with infinite walls. Three dimensional rectangular box with infinite walls and three dimensional square well potential. Isotropic Harmonic oscillator. Degeneracy.

SECTION B

Matrix Mechanics: Postulates of quantum mechanics. Hilbert space. Matrix representation of wave functions and operators. Dirac bra and Ket notations. Change of basis. Harmonic oscillator problem in matrix mechanics creation, destruction and number operators. Orbital angular momentum operators in their polar form . Commutation relation. Matrix representation of orbital angular momentum operators. Eigen values of L2, Lz spin angular momenta and Pauli spin matrices. Addition of angular momenta. Clebsch-Gordan coefficients. C.G. coefficients of

.

SECTION C

Approximation methods for bound states:Stationary non degenerate perturbation theoryIst and second order correction to energy levelsIst order correction to wave functionsAnharmonic oscillatorDegenerate perturbation theory. Normal Zeeman effect and stark effect of the first excited state of hydrogen.

The Rayleigh Ritz variational method for ground and excited states. Ground state of He atom perturbation and vibrational approaches and their comparison.

Van der Waal's interaction. Perturbation and varational calculations.

One dimensional WKB approximation. Asymptotic behaviour of solutions. Linear turning points. Connection formula and their application to bound state and barrier penetration.

NT1.2.2QUANTUM MECHANICS

SECTION D

Collision Thoery: Two particle scattering problem. Differential and total scattering cross-section. Lab and CM system of coordinates. Scattering of a particle by a central field. Partial wave analysis. Phase shifts S & P wave scattering. Ramsauer Townsend effect. Resonant scattering. Scattering for a three dimensional square well and rigid sphere. Integral equation for scattering problem. Born approximation. Screened Coulomb potential.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Quantum Mechanics: L.I. Schiff (Int. Student Ed.)

2. Quantum Mechanics: J.L. Powell and B. Craseman (Narosa Pub.)

3. Quantum Mechanics; Mathews & Venkatesan

NT 1.2.3 STATISTICAL MECHANICS




Instruction for the candidates: The candidates are required to attempt one question each from sections A, B, C, and D of the question paper, and the entire section E.Use of scientific calculators is allowed.

SECTION A

Thermodynamic system and parameters: Brief introduction of Ist Law, 2nd Law and 3rd

law of thermodynamics, entropy, thermodynamic potentials, thermodynamic description of phase transitions, first order phase transition, the Clapeyron equation, Vander Waal equation

of state for real gases, Law of corresponding states.

SECTION B

Phase space, microstate and microstates Liouville's theorem and its proof, statistical equilibrium, connection between statistics and therodynamic Ensemble, Microcanonical ensemble, Entrophy of an Indeal gas, Gibb's Paradox, internal energy and heat capacity of an Ideal gas. Distribution function, the Boltzmann equation.

SECTION C

Postulates of classical statistics. Canonical ensemble, therodynamic of a system in canonical ensemble,equipartition of energy theorem, fluctuations in enrgy. Grand canonical Ensemble Grand partition function.

SECTION D

Fermi energy and Fermi temprature, internal energy of fermi gas at Zero degree Kelvin Brief instroduction of Bose-Einstein condensation, critical constants, Postulates of Quantum

Statistics,Density Matrix.

Text Book:

1. Statistical Mechanics: Kerson Huang, (John Wiley & Sons, 2nd Ed.)

2. Statistical Mechanics: R.K. Pathria .

NT 1.2. 4 MATERIAL SCIENCE

Maximum Marks: External 60 Time Allowed: 3 Hours Internal 20 Total Teaching hours: 50 Total 80 Pass Marks: 35 %

Instructions for the Paper Setter

The question paper will consist of five sections A, B, C, D and E. Sections A, B, C, and D will have two questions from respective sections of the syllabus. Section E will have 8 short answer type questions, which will cover the entire syllabus uniformly. All the sections A, B, C, D and E carry equal marks.

Instructions for the candidates

The candidates are required to attempt one question each from sections A, B, C, and D of the question paper, and the entire section E.


SECTION A

Polymeric Materials: Monomers of polymers, Degree of polymerization, Mechanism of polymerization, Additives in polymers, Strengthening mechanisms of polymers, Deformation of polymers, Stereo-tactic synthesis, Plastics. Fibers and filaments. Rubber, Elastomer, Thermal behaviour of polymers. Glass transition temp., Special purpose plastics.

Ceramic Materials: Refractories, Silica and silicates, Glasses, Glass-forming constituents, Types of glasses, Perovskite structures of mixed oxides, Lime, Cement, Cement concrete, Reinforced cement concrete (RCC), Pre-stressed concrete, Rocks and stones, Clay and clay-based ceramics, Chemically bonded ceramics.

SECTION B

Composite Materials: Agglomerated composites, Cermets, Laminates, Reinforced composite materials, Classification of reinforced composite materials. Particulate materials, Flake composites, Whisker reinforced composites, Hybrid composites, Sandwich composites, Fiber-reinforced glass and glass ceramic composites, Polymer concrete, Fiber reinforced concrete (pRC), MMC and wood composites, Advantages and limitations of composites, Fibers, Forms of reinforcing fibers. Mechanics of composite laminates, Generalized Hook's law and elastic constants, Applications and mechanical properties.

Materials and Alloys: Alloys; Alloys in different applications: Heat resisting alloys, Cryogenic alloys, Bearing metals (Babbits), Metals and alloys for nuclear industry, Common ferrous and non-ferrous alloys, Tool and dye steels, Fusible alloys; Materials for rocket and missile, Materials in robots, Materials for special cases.

SECTION CConductors and Semiconductors: Conductivity; Charge carriers, Mean free path,

Conductors and resistors, Factors affecting resistivity; Semiconductors, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, Compound semiconductors and semiconductor devices, Photoelectric effect and its applications, Hall effect, Fabrication of integrated circuits, Semiconductor lasers, Materials for advanced electronic devices and fiber optics

NT 1.2. 4 MATERIAL SCIENCE

Dielectric Materials: Classification of dielectrics, Polarization; Basic properties of dielectrics: Electrical susceptibility, Power loss, Electric- breakdown; Effect of temperature and frequency on permittivity, Insulating materials,. Ferro-electrics, Piezo-electrics, Electrets, Pyro-electrics and Electrostriction.

SECTION D

Magnetic Materials: Classification of magnetic materials – Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, Ferromagnetic, Anti-ferromagnetic and Ferrites, Curie temperature, Laws of magnetic materials, Magnetization curve, Magnetic hysteresis loop, Hysteresis losses, Domain theory, Magnetic materials: Soft and hard magnetic materials, Magnetostriction, Magnetic tapes and films, Metallic glasses and magnetic bubbles.

Superconductors: Properties of superconductors, types of superconductors, Critical magnetic field and critical temperature, Mechanism of super-conduction, Ideal and hard superconductors, Current applications and limitations, Milestones in research and development of superconductors, Present scenario of high temperature superconductors.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Material Science and Engineering: K.M. Gupta (1st Ed.), Umesh Pulications, Delhi.2. Material Science: Abdul Mubeen and Farhat Mubeen (2nd Ed.,), Khanna publishers, Delhi

NT 1.2.5 Lab Practice



Experiments based on optics, Lasers, Electronics & solid state physics

NT 1.2.6 Computer Lab



This laboratories comprises of experiments based on physics problems to be solved by

computer

p1pupdepartments.ac.in/syllabi/old syllabi [for reference … · web viewm.sc. physics (nano –...

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