swissmetnet - meteometeorology.meteo.bg/wp1.pdf · 2 swissmetnet icing on structures: ... ¾decided...

29.11.2005 COST-727 Workshop, Sofia, Bulgaria 1

SwissMetNet

Measurements under harsh conditions:

COST-727 « Icing on Structures »The Swiss national project

Alain HeimoFederal Office for Meteorology and Climatology, MeteoSwiss

CH-1530 Payerne, Switzerland

Stefan KunzMeteotest

CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland


SwissMetNet

Icing on structures:

Fields of application:1) Meteorological measurements

• Meteorology / Climatology• Forecasting

2) Wind energy (turbines)• Power up/down• Heating (blades)

3) Road and airport safety• Forecasting (now-casting)• Alarms• Road and runway maintenance

4) Power lines• Power up/down• Design

5) Others (e.g. railways, telecommunication, etc.)


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Recent activities

WMO/CIMO Wind Instrument Intercomparison

Mont Aigoual, France, 1992-1993

- Organization: France & Switzerland, sponsored by WMO- 11 participating countries- 26 wind instruments tested

• rotating anemometers with a wind vane• hot wire / hot film wind sensors• Pitot-tube wind sensors• Ultrasonic wind sensors• 3D propeller anemometer


SwissMetNet

Recent activities

EUMETNET SWS-II (2000-2003)Goal: acquisition of meteorological data under harsh weather conditions

Participation:• Finland (Luosto)• France (Mt. Aigoual)• Switzerland (Säntis)

Measurement period: 1.10.2001 to 30.4.2002

Results:• Preliminary results presented: EUMETNET-WS Trappes (2001)• Presentation at WMO/CIMO/TECO Conference, 09.2002• EUMETNET final report -> February 2003


SwissMetNet

Recent activities

EUMETNET SWS-II (2000-2003)Conclusions and recommendations:

…. Already during the installation and test period proceeding the experiment, it was quickly recognized that the lack of adequate instruments for the characterization of ice accretion would represent a serious drawback for the whole experiment.

…. the WMO/CIMO guidelines … it is important that more care is given within the meteorological community to produce accurate measurements under harsh conditions and to promote measurements of icing.


SwissMetNet

Recent activities

World Meteorological Organization (WMO)Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation (CIMO)

Reference: Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observations “CIMO Guide No 8”-> specifications for performing various measurement at manned synoptic as well as automatic weather stations-> only scarce information concerning guidance for measurements under harsh icing condition.

Recommendation from EUMETNET/SWS II report -> CIMO Expert Team on Surface Technology and Measurement Techniques (meeting 13-16.10.2004, Geneva)

noted this lack of information and the above mentioned recommendationdecided to extend the WMO/CIMO Guide with a chapter dealing with

measurements under harsh conditions, including mountain-arctic, desert, tropical, marine and urban environments.


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Test stations PAY and GUEProject SwissMetNet

Full renewal of the Swiss meteorological networks

Goals of the test stations:

-Test all new equipments or instruments under normal (PAY) and harsh (GUE) conditions before integration in the official network.

- Test new algorithms based on sets of instruments (e.g. cloud observation with ceilometer - and/or IR - and/or cloud radar - and/or µwave – information)

- Provide infrastructure facility for participation in international measurements experiments (e.g. COST, EUMETNET, EU, etc.).


SwissMetNet

COST-727 Action: “Icing on Structures”

WG 2

WG 1

WG 3

Sensor Technology

MeteorologigalMeasurements

Input

MODEL

Output

Application

ForecastingDesign Ice Loadson Structures

Power Losses ofWind Turbines

IcingMeasurements

COST 727


SwissMetNet

Swiss contribution to WG2: Goals

COST-727 project: Icing Monitoring at SMN test station Guetsch:

Perform icing measurements with different available icing sensorswinter 2005/2006: test operationwinter 2006/2007: international comparison (with ISO reference)

Develop an icing reference instrumentDevelop an ISO-12494 compatible sensorPerform tests to qualify performances

Perform meteorological measurements for the monitoring of the nearby wind power generator operated by EWUDevelop tools and recommendations for evaluating icing conditions at standard meteorological stations NOT equipped with ice detectorsSet-up recommendations to fulfil the requirements of the industry (traffic, power transmission, wind energy) for icing conditions.


SwissMetNet

Swiss contribution to WG2: Partners

MeteoSwiss A. Heimo Project Leader

METEOTEST S. Kunz Project Management & Coordination

Project Partner: On site logistics GuetschOwner of Wind Turbine on Guetsch

BFE / SFOE Swiss Federal Office of Energy

M. GeissmannR. Horbaty ENCO

Project support: Wind Energy

Swisscom Broadcast Bernhard SchmidPaul Schneeberger

Project support

Project Partner: Instrument development

Project Partner: Instrument development

Kelag K. Künzli Project Partner: Instrument test

Elektrizitätswerk Ursen M. Russi

Boschung Mecatronic AG P.-A. Brodard

Markasub AG M. Kaspar


SwissMetNetSwiss contribution to WG2:

Interested parties

Haute Ecole ValaisanneHEVS

J. Moerschell Project Partner: Industrial development

EEF – EOS M. Ammann Project support: Power lines application

SBB/CFF D. Gerber Project support: rail tracks safety

OFAC/BAZL R. Aebersold Project support: runways safety


SwissMetNet

Available icing sensors

Instruments Working Principle Output Available

YES/NO

Duration of icing

Mass of ice accumulated

YES/NO

Amount of ice accretion in Kg

Amount of ice accretion in Kg

Potential Icing

Thickness standardized

ICEMETER Weight no

HoloOptics T23 IR emitter-detector no

Labko LID-3503 Ultrasonic resonance no

Rosemount/Goodrich ice detector 0872J

Vibrating rod- Frequency measurement

Yes, not yet installed

-Aerotech Telub (ISO 12494; prototype?)

Freely rotating rod –automatic weighting no

FMI development (ISO 12494)

Motorized rotating rod –manual weighting

In preparation

Meteorological standard measurements

Temperature < 0°CHumidity > 95%

Installed

Video cameras Visual estimation Installed


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Guetsch test station


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Measurements configurationStandard measurements:

Wind speed and direction (3D)PressureTemperature (T + Tdew) & RH%Short wave down-welling irradianceShort wave reflected irradianceLong wave down-welling irradianceLuminositySunshine durationRain detectionRain amountSnow-height, -temperature, -surface temperatureRadioactivityControl camera

Special measurements:

Cloud base (ceilometer)Precipitation characteristics (disdrometer)Present weather (2x)Rain amount (weighting principle)Ice detection (Vibrometer prototype)Ice detector (2xRosemount)Other instruments for COST-727


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Guetsch – wind energy programme

Measuring campaign Monitoring programme on existing wind turbine

Verification of IEA recommendations

International Energy Association IEA Annex XIX for wind energyin cold climate

Optimization of wind turbine Adaption of wind turbine controlprogramme to site specificrequirements

Monitoring of ice throw Systematic observations of iceparticles fallen from wind turbine

Handbook on operation of wind turbines in alpine space

Special emphasis on icing(modelling, forecast, prevention)


SwissMetNet

The Enercon E 40 wind turbine

Rated power 600 kW

Rotor diameter 40m

Tower heigth 46m

Blade heating Hot air

Annual productionapprox.

800 MWh


SwissMetNet

Wind Turbine Monitoring

Ice throw optical Specialist from EWU controls area below wind turbine after each icing event

Blade heating Hot air Hot air circulates in wind turbine blades in icing situations (detected by power loss of turbine)

1st provisory installation in dec. 2005, pointing to blades

Camera on hub rotating Special device A special camera device rotating with blades, mounted in hub, campaigns 2006-2008

Visibility Camera, sensors Visibility check by MeteoSwiss camera pointing towards wind turbineIf possible (technically, financially) additionalLWC and avg droplet size measurements

Camera on nacelle webcam


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Ice throw monitoring

Monitoring kit

Ice from wind turbine (Nov. 05)


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mounting places for sensors

Inside hub forrotating camera

Support on nacelle for fix webcam


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camera on wind turbine

View of camera on blade (planned)


SwissMetNet

Conclusion

Recent activities:

• International instruments’ intercomparisons under harsh conditions• Recommendations to the WMO/CIMO concerning measurements under icing

condition

Future Tasks:

-> COST-727 Action provides a good opportunity toa) Develop a certified reference instrumentb) Perform instruments comparisonc) Establish guidance for measurements at stations equipped

or not with ice detectorsd) Develop synergies between the industry and the

meteorological communities

-> extension of the WMO/CIMO Guide with a chapter dedicated to measurements under harsh condition, including icing, to provide guidance to perform such measurements


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State of project

11/2005


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SwissMetNet: installation procedures1. Site visit # 1: meteorological & technical visit (KD & TM)

REKO Bericht-> OCMD -> Selection of final site and configurationStart of administrative procedures

2. Site visit # 2: detailed technical visit (BBL, TM)Final plansOkay from REKO Team, KD and TMFinal administrative procedures

3. Construction (with/without mobile station)Mise en route (TM)

4. « Abnahme » BBLReporting & data evaluation (technical)

5. « Abnahme » TMReporting & data evaluation (technical, Data Mart)

6. « Abnahme » KDReporting & data evaluation (meteorology)

7. Station officially operational


SwissMetNet

SwissMetNet: SDM status 11/2005

Installations (26):

Official MCH station (11):Plaffeien, Evolène, Wynau, Glarus, Zermatt, Grand-St.-BernardSäntis, Aigle, Guetsch, La chaux-de-Fonds, Changins

Operational stations (10):Payerne test, Guetsch testPayerne, Sion, Berne, La Fretaz, Magadino-Cadenazzo (Nabel), Samedan, Scuol, San Bernardino

Stations in construction (3):Interlaken (S2), Pully (S2), Fahy-Boncourt

Next stations in 2005 (2)Lugano, Vaduz

swissmetnet - meteometeorology.meteo.bg/wp1.pdf · 2 swissmetnet icing on structures: ... ¾decided...

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