sweetgrass february 2015 final

Alberta Sweetgrass - February 2015

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$5.00 + GST where applicableVOLUME 22 • NUMBER 3FEBRUARY 2015

THE ABORIGINAL NEWSPAPER OF ALBERTA

WHAT'S INSIDE:

CANADIAN PUBLICATION MAIL# 40063755

By Shari NarineSweetgrass Contributing Editor

EDMONTON

Directors of a newly formedMétis forestry company havegrudgingly accepted agovernment investigation intotheir joint venture and claim thatKAQUO will withstand scrutiny.

Iner Gauchier, chair of PeavineMétis Settlement and a directoron KAQUO, says the provincialgovernment is against Métistaking control of their own landsand that is why the investigationwas launched.

Three Métis settlements -Peavine, East Prairie, and PaddlePrairie – split 45 per cent of theshares in KAQUO Forestry andNatural ResourcesDevelopment. Active EnergyGroup, an international timberproducts firm listed on theLondon Stock Exchange, alsohas 45 per cent in the company.The remaining 10 per cent lieswith British Columbia GrandChief and former Chief ofWestbank First Nation RonaldDerrickson, who brought thepartners together. KAQUO’sfirst project will be tocommercialise theapproximately 250,000 hectaresof forestry assets on the threeMétis settlements, which itestimates contain 35 millioncubic metres of merchantabletimber. However, the venturecannot be undertaken until the

government’s investigation hasconcluded.

Jessica Johnson, director ofcommunications withAboriginal relations, says thegovernment departmentreceived a “few complaints”that KAQUO, which is thecorporation established by thethree settlements, breachedpolicies in both the MétisSettlements Act and MétisSettlements General Council.Concerns were also voicedover the length of theagreement, which could go upto 197 years and there wereallegations that the deal wasstruck without consultingmembership. Johnson wouldnot say if the complaints camefrom members of more thanone settlement.

“My understanding is that(the three settlements) weregiven an opportunity torespond to the allegationsbefore the investigation waslaunched … (and) based ontheir response and theseriousness of the allegations,the premier in his role asminister felt it was wise toclear the air and appoint anindependent firm toinvestigate,” said Johnson.

KPMG was contracted inNovember to carry out theinvestigation. The final reportis expected between Marchand May.

Gauchier holds that a letter

of complaint came from onemember from the PeavineMétis Settlement and that theKAQUO directors were notgiven a chance to respondbefore the investigation waslaunched.

Gerald Cunningham, chair ofthe East Prairie MétisSettlement and director ofKAQUO, says although theMSGC has a timber policy thatis binding on the eight Métissettlements, the MSGC alsohas a policy stating anyresources on the surface belongto the individual settlements.Timber, he says, is on thesurface.

Richard Spinks, CEO ofActive Energy Group andpresident and CEO ofKAQUO, says the governmentwill find no wrong doings inthe establishment or operationof KAQUO.

“The investors (in KAQUO)aren’t likely to invest $100million in any businesswhatsoever without serious duediligence,” he said.

International investors havecommitted $300 million to thecompany.

“It’s the first time ever inCanada that a major publicly-listed company has recognizedthe need that the Natives owntheir own future,” saidDerrickson. “I said at the verystart that I would not do anydeal with the Métis or for the

Government investigation slows progress of Métisforestry company

Métis unless the Métis got agood size of the pie.”

He says the three Métissettlements will receive $135million cash up front plus 30per cent of the fund that issupporting the operation.

According to Gauchier, theproceeds from the companywill be split four ways: 30 percent for a trust fund for thefuture; 30 per cent for work ineach community, such asinfrastructure and housing; 30per cent for new investments;and 10 per cent to coveradministrative costs.

Spinks says investors will bereinvesting a “significantportion of our funds” intoexploratory work to determineother development that canoccur on the settlements as notall the settlements have timber.

Timber development wasestablished as the initial phaseas that is the area in whichActive Energy Group holds itsexpertise. Success in theforestry development, he says,will prove to the investors thatthe company is reliable.

Gauchier noted that KAQUOplans on investing beyond thesettlements’ boundaries to “theTolkos (sawmills) of the world,that’s where we’re leadinginto.” KAQUO funds would beused as seed money.

All eight Métis settlementswere invited to take part inKAQUO, says Derrickson, with

five coming out to an initialmeeting.

At the KAQUO developmentsummit held in Edmonton at theend of January, interest wasexpressed by settlements, whowere not part of KAQUO.

Derrickson says adding moremembers to KAQUO wouldonly strengthen the companyand strengthen its position withthe government. But he notedthat KAQUO’s membershipwas not limited to the Métispeople.

“All the Native people ofCanada can cash in on this,” hesaid.

RCMP cleared in fatal shooting in trafficstop

Page 3

New Crime Reduction Unit sees resultsPage 4

KAQUO members: (from left) Gerald Cunningham (East Prairie Métis Settlement), Greg Calliou (Paddle Prairie Métis Settlement), British Columbia GrandChief Ronald Derrickson, Iner Gauchier (Peavine Métis Settlement), and CEO Richard Spinks.

PHOTO: BERT CROWFOOT


2 A L B E R T A N E W SA L B E R T A N E W SA L B E R T A N E W SA L B E R T A N E W SA L B E R T A N E W S

U of L success story returns to alma materMinister of Central Services and Minister

Responsible for Saskatchewan TransportationCompany Jennifer Campeau (Saskatoon FairviewMLA) recently returned to her alma mater. Campeaucompleted a bachelor’s degree in the First Nationsgovernance program in the University of Lethbridge’sFaculty of Management. After graduating from U ofL, she obtained a Masters of Business Administrationdegree at the University of Saskatchewan. Before sheentered politics, Campeau was an instructor at the Uof S and a doctoral student in the Department of NativeStudies. Campeau was in Lethbridge Jan. 26 to 30 aspart of the Scotiabank First Nations, Métis, and Inuitmentors program, which engages Aboriginal youth ina culturally sensitive, safe and welcomingenvironment. Mentors are U of L Aboriginal studentswho provide support to Aboriginal youth aged 12 to17 enrolled in school in Lethbridge or on the Bloodand Piikani reserves. As executive-in-residence,Campeau spoke to several U of L classes and met withhigh school students. Campeau was elected to theSaskatchewan legislature in 2011 and named ministerin the Saskatchewan Party government in 2014. Sheis the first Aboriginal woman to serve in theSaskatchewan cabinet.

Tobacco Tax Act charges stayed against BuffaloCharges under the Tobacco Tax Act of storing

tobacco products that were not marked for legal salein Alberta and for possessing more than 1,000cigarettes have been stayed against former MontanaCree First Nation Chief Carolyn Buffalo. The chargesstem from an investigation into the seizure of 16million contraband cigarettes in January 2011. Headof Rainbow Tobacco Robbie Dickson still faces thesame charges. “It’s a perfect example of an effort tocriminalize folks instead of attempting to resolve withFirst Nations what is obviously an issue that requiresgood faith resolution discussions, not on a criminallevel, but negotiations between governments on theAboriginal right to trade in tobacco,” said JulianFalconer, Buffalo’s former lawyer. The prosecutiondid not specify why the charges were stayed againstBuffalo. The province says it cannot discuss specificsof the case as Dickson is still before the courts.

Laboucan honoured for tireless leadershipOutgoing Driftpile Chief Rose Laboucan was

honoured in her home community in January at thesecond annual Coming Together round dance. Aspecial message was read from Lesser Slave LakeMLA Pearl Calahasen, who was unable to attend theevent. Calahasen thanked Laboucan for her“dedication to Aboriginal people” and held her up for

activities on KPECL lands. Priority is to look at aprogram of low cost re-entry wells while also takingadvantage of the current market conditions which isseeing debt-forced sale of land positions in the ColdLake area of interest. This provides a significantopportunity for acreage covering known heavy oilsands occurrences, already been freed up, to besnapped up at low acquisition and holding costs toadd to existing and planned joint land positions. Thiswould result in the added benefits of the Phase 2conventional vertical well program being scheduledover a larger geographical area with the aim ofdelineating significantly increased reserves for similarexpenditure. Significantly, Cold Lake recoveryeconomics demonstrate viability even at current oilprices and the likelihood of a speedy, low-cost pathwayto production revenues for Indus and KPECL.

Enoch to host MMIW conferenceA national conference to honour murdered and

missing Indigenous women of Canada will take placeMay 25-27 at the Spirit of Our Sisters gathering to beheld at the River Cree Resort and Casino on EnochCree Nation. “The vision behind this gathering is tobring families of victims, resource and service leaders,experts in various criminology and violence preventionfields, government departments, Indigenous leaders,and individuals who have an interest in comingtogether to raise awareness on the scope of thisincredibly wretched but significant issue,” said KarenMcCarthy, CEO of the Alberta IndigenousEntertainment Group and Spirit of Our Sistersconference manager. The Spirit of Our Sisters steeringcommittee consists of Former National Chief OvideMercredi, Grand Chief of the Assembly of ManitobaChiefs Derek Nepinak, Onion Lake Cree Nation ChiefOkimaw Wallace Fox, Josie Nepinak of the AwotaanNative Women’s Shelter, and Assembly of FirstNations Regional Chief of Alberta Cameron Alexis.The focus is dedicated to the grassroots movement ofIndigenous women but there will also be opportunitiesfor various stakeholders such as government and theprivate sector to share information and/or resources,and initiate discussion from different perspectivesgeared toward actions ensuring the current trends beginto see a decline of murdered and missing Indigenouswomen.

her work in Aboriginal education. Laboucan was afierce advocator for strongly educated Aboriginalyouth. Laboucan began work with Treaty 8 as aneducation consultant on Jan. 19. Laboucan served asChief for Driftpile First Nation for 12 years and shewas also Grand Chief of Lesser Slave Lake RegionalCouncil and vice- Grand Chief of Treaty 8 Alberta.“It is time to take ownership of our beautifulIndigenous knowledge in order for First Nations peopleto fully participate and contribute to our Canadianmosaic,” said Laboucan. For her time of service,Laboucan received a special blanket from the Treaty8 Elders, and other gifts, including stone carving ofmother holding a baby from Treaty 8 administrationand a framed eagle feather from the education directorsof Treaty 6, Treaty 7 and Treaty 8.

Prentice comments on visit to LubiconIn an interview with Alberta Oil magazine in January,

Premier Jim Prentice said one of the reasons heimmediately visited the Lubicon First Nation aftertaking office is because “there’s much unfinishedbusiness there…. Most of the First Nations in northernAlberta secured treaty land entitlement settlementswith the federal and provincial crowns through the1980s and 1990s. The Lubicon did not…” Prenticepraised his predecessors Getty and Klein for the workthey did for helping to resolve land claims from the1980s to 2000s. Prentice said he visited the LubiconFirst Nation because they are “arguably the poorestAlbertans” as 75 per cent of the community isunemployed, there is no running water, and theycontinue to use outhouses. Prentice said Chief BillyJoe Laboucan is “extremely articulate, extremelythoughtful, and wants to elevate his people out ofpoverty and be a constructive partner.”

Exploration of Cold Lake oil sandsCold Lake area Chiefs and the First Nations

exploration company Keyano Pimee ExplorationCompany Limited are in advanced negotiations withIndus Energy NL (formerly Quest Petroleum) to farmin to 82,290 acres of Cold Lake oil sands. Once thejoint operations agreement is signed, Indus will beginPhase 1 of the work program which will consist oflow cost re-entry of four historic wells in areas whereoil has been encountered during gas production

PHOTO: UNIVERSITY OF LETHBRIDGE

Saskatchewan cabinet minister and Universityof Lethbridge graduate Jennifer Campeau atMarkin Hall.

( Continued on page 3.)


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ERMINESKIN FIRSTNATION

The second of threeinvestigations that involvedshootings of Indigenous men byRCMP in August 2013 hasconcluded in the same manneras the first: no wrong-doing bythe RCMP officers involved.

The Alberta Serious IncidentResponse Team has concluded,based heavily on audio-

recording from the policecruiser at the scene, that theRCMP officer “was actingproperly in the execution of hisduties” when he shot and killedLance Cutarm, 30, and shot andinjured Larron Cutarm, 41,following a traffic stop nearMa-Me-O Beach on Aug. 3,2013. The officer, on his ownin an unmarked cruiser, pulledover a truck driven byLawrence Cutarm, who wasaccompanied by his three adultsons.

The ASIRT report states that“what was an initial traffic stopdeteriorated very quickly” andspanned only one minute and17 seconds from the pointLawrence Cutarm was asked tostep out of his vehicle to whenthe officer, after havingdischarged his weapon multipletimes at the two Cutarmbrothers, left the scene in hisvehicle to radio for anambulance and back-up. LanceCutarm was shot once in thechest and once in the left upper

abdomen and was declareddead at the scene. LarronCutarm was shot once, with thebullet entering his chest andexiting at the shoulder blade.He was located a distance fromthe initial scene and taken bySTARS air ambulance toEdmonton for medical care.

The audio recording indicatesthat the officer uttered no racialslurs, did not use a Taser, anddid not handcuff LawrenceCutarm.

The report was released Jan.20, after ASIRT executivedirector Susan Hughson metwith the Cutarm family.

“They certainly were nothappy with the results,” saidHughson. “They’re a grievingfamily… it was such a tragedy.It didn’t make sense that whatshould have been a traffic stopended up in a death so Iunderstand that they are so hurtand so grieving that theyweren’t going to be happy withmy decision. But at least, I thinkthey felt respected and fullyinformed and that’s one of mygoals.”

The meeting betweenHughson and the Cutarmfamily, facilitated by a recently-hired Aboriginal investigatorfor ASIRT, included threeElders, a ceremonial blanketand opening and closingprayers by the Elders. Hughsonsays two of Lance Cutarm’ssisters thanked her for the waythe findings were presented tothe family.

Hughson also met withErmineskin First Nation ChiefRandy Ermineskin and the bandcouncil later that day to explainthe decision.

“That’s something wehaven’t necessarily formallydone before and I think thatworked very well,” saidHughson, who anticipates thisbecoming procedure in thefuture when “dealing with a

very serious incident” in theAboriginal community.

Hughson was unable toattend a community meeting inMaskwacis, because of thetiming. However, she hasoffered to make a return trip toanswer questions.

The Cutarm incident was thesecond of three RCMP-involved shootings ofAboriginal men in August2013. There is still one decisionpending.

On Aug. 15, 2013, RCMPofficers shot and killed DanielCharland, 52, the subject of anarrest warrant, after aconfrontation developed at hishome on Cold Lake FirstNation. The investigation hasconcluded, says Hughson, butshe needs to review the file.

Treaty 6 Grand Chief BerniceMartial, who is also Chief ofCold Lake First Nation, isCharland’s aunt. Said Martial,“We still didn’t have a meetingwith ASIRT so we really don’tknow, because of whathappened there, the mother ofthe son, she’s so upset and hasanger against the RCMP at thistime so therefore it’s still up inthe air.”

Hughson plans to have one ofthe Aboriginal ASIRTinvestigators act as a liaisonwith Charland’s family andcommunity.

On Aug. 1, 2013, CurtisHallock was shot in the arm andleg following an incident in theVictor Lake Métis Co-opresidential area. The ASIRTinvestigation, which wasconcluded in June 2014, clearedthe two Grande Cache RCMPofficers involved. Hallock, whois featured in the second seasonof Mantracker, was chargedwith one count of assault witha weapon, one count of assaultof a peace officer and threecounts of dangerous operationof a motor vehicle.

RCMP cleared in fatal shooting in traffic stop

Changes on Alberta political landscapeTwo of Alberta’s three opposition parties are looking for new

leaders. The next leader of the decimated Wildrose will be selectedby party members from across Alberta on June 6 in Calgary. “Ourparty is strong, united and ready to give Albertans a real,principled, grassroots and fiscally conservative option at the ballotbox,” said Wildrose Party President Jeff Callaway. Wildroseleader Danielle Smith joined the Progressive Conservatives inDecember, taking with her nine MLAs, dropping the Wildrose tofive sitting members. Calgary-Fish Creek MLA Heather Forsythtook over as interim leader for Wildrose. Alberta Liberal leaderRaj Sherman notified his caucus and party executive on Jan. 26that he would not seek a third term as MLA for Edmonton-Meadowlark and that he was giving up party leadership now sothe necessary preparations can be made prior to the next provincialelection. “I am stepping aside as leader so that the team cancontinue to move forward,” said Sherman. He has served as leadersince 2011. As well, effective Feb. 1, Cabinet ministers took afive per cent pay cut. “While work on our overall budgetchallenges is ongoing, Albertans are clearly telling us that theyexpect their political representatives to be part of the solution.All members of cabinet understand how crucial it is to lead byexample, and for political representatives not to ask anyone toaccept any measure we would not accept ourselves,” said PremierJim Prentice in a statement.

Compiled by Shari Narine

More Alberta Briefs


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N E W SN E W SN E W SN E W SN E W S

By Andrea SmithSweetgrass Contributor

BLOOD FIRST NATION

The Blood Tribe PoliceService has added a new CrimeReduction Unit to their troop.As a result of recent deathslinked with street versions ofoxycodone, the BTPS has takensteps to prevent further harm.

“The impact it’s had on thecommunity’s been great. Someparents are overdosing on it, andleaving young children. Thecommunity’s upset,” said Sgt.Joseph Many Fingers, whocurrently oversees the new unit.

“It’s not a prescribed drug, soyou can’t get it at the pharmacy.It’s something being made…probably by organized crimegroups in an illegal lab,” he said.

Many Fingers says there havebeen 10 deaths over the last fourmonths linked with a drugcalled Oxy-80. The drug,despite the name, has littleoxycodone in it, and is mostlymade with fentanyl—anotherpain-killer narcotic, strongerthan morphine.

Pamela Littlebear, a BloodTribe community member, anda recovered prescription drugaddict, has been attending localrallies to create awareness ofOxy-80’s effects.

“We’re burying our lovedones because of it. You know,you can just take this drug once,and you can die from it,” she

said.The impact of drug use is an

epidemic, says Many Fingers.The need to use, whether it iscocaine, crack or prescriptiondrugs, leads to an increase inproperty crimes and break andenters. And it isn’t isolated tothe Blood Reserve.

“It’s all over Alberta and evenSaskatchewan. And I’ve heardit’s all over Canada. I knowthere was a big drug bust lastweek. And we know our guysare getting it in Medicine Hatand Calgary,” he said.

While the new CRU officerswill focus on all illegal drugs,the outcry over Oxy-80 willmake that their main target, saysMany Fingers. The two CRUofficers were chosen based ontheir experience and theireagerness to make an impact inthat area.

“These two have alreadyobtained confidentialinformants. They’ve gained thetrust of the people that are tiredof this problem,” he said. Whilethe names and photographs ofthe CRU officers are not beingreleased, Many Fingers admitsthat “anybody involved in thedrug trade will know who theyare.”

The BTPS has also started anOxy-80 tip line for citizenswanting to give them a lead. Theresponse has been positive, withtips coming in at all hours of theday, including several tips

received within the first week,says Many Fingers.

In Dec. 22, 2014, a tip led tothe police seizing cash, drugparaphernalia and suspectedillicit drugs from a vehicle andChristine Marie Varns, 30, ofLacombe, being arrested andcharged with a variety ofcontrolled substance offences.On Jan. 25, 2015, anotheranonymous tip resulted in thesearch of a residence in Standoffwhere a sawed-off shotgun,ammunition, drugparaphernalia, and a sword werelocated. Willis Quincy House,32, of Hobbema, was chargedin that incident.

Successes like this give theBTPS and new unit hope, butMany Fingers knows that druguse is a difficult problem tosolve altogether.

“They should be able to(help), but you can’t ever get ridof a drug problem. You can justdisrupt it. Once you take downa few drug dealers, there’salways more to step up in theirplace. So we can try, andhopefully make an impact,” hesaid.

Littlebear says she knowspeople are getting the message.

“We know people arelistening. I’ve been sharing thefact that there’s threeindividuals who have texted methat are going to treatment. Sowe know we got to them,” shesaid.

New Crime Reduction Unitsees results


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ATHABASCA CHIPEWYANFIRST NATION

Once again, a First Nation isseeking legal action against theAlberta government.

The Athabasca ChipewyanFirst Nation filed an applicationin Calgary court on Jan. 15challenging the province’s newlycreated Aboriginal ConsultationOffice. The court action goesbeyond questioning ACO’sdirection to the Alberta EnergyRegulator that “consultation withACFN is not required withregard to” TransCanadaPipeline’s Grand Rapids Project,to questioning the overallauthority ACO had in the processof consultation for this specificproject.

“We were shocked to learn thatAlberta had decided that we hadno right at all to be consultedabout this project—and that theyhad advised TransCanada oftheir decision without eveninforming us,” said ACFN ChiefAllan Adam in a statement. “Thisshows just how profoundlydisrespectful Alberta’s processhas become.”

The ACFN holds that theprovincial government policythat created the ACO did notcome into force until July 2014and instead consultationregarding Grand Rapids fellunder 2005 policy and 2007guidelines.

“If … the ACO does not haveany authority to determinewhether the Crown’s duty to

N E W SN E W SN E W SN E W SN E W S

Authority of new ACO challengedrequired depending on theprojects being proposed. Afterinitially saying the provincewould move ahead on what hadbeen established by hispredecessor, Premier JimPrentice said he would be willingto revisit the process as FirstNations leaders remainedvocally opposed.

Adam is calling for“meaningful government-to-government discussions toreform this process.” However,following a meeting withPrentice, when the premiertravelled to Fort Chipewyan inDecember, Adam was notoptimistic about changes.

“To me at this point in time, Idon’t think anything will cometo fruition in regards to what ourissues are in the community ofFort Chip. I think it’s just a oneway street here and it’s goingdown that path right now,” saidAdam in an earlier interviewwith Sweetgrass. “Best just leaveit alone and let the courts drag itout and deal with it then.”

On Feb. 4, the provincereleased the Joint OperatingProcedures for First NationsConsultation on EnergyResource Activities, which takeseffect on March 2. Theprocedures outline newrequirements for applications aswell as detailed administrationand coordination of operationsbetween ACO and AER. TheACO still determines the level ofconsultation adequacy, includingif no consultation is necessary,before the AER makes the finaldecision.

consult is triggered, then eithera Minister of the Crown mustmake this determination orAlberta’s Aboriginalconsultation region isunconstitutional as there is noCrown body with authority tomake this determination withrespect to Crown decisions,”states the application.

ACFN holds that it shouldhave been consulted on theproject because it holds Treaty 8rights and members hunt, trap,gather and fish in the region thatwould be impacted by theproject. The pipeline would alsocross a number of majorwaterways upstream fromACFN’s communities. The 500-km pipeline will transport 900barrels per day of dilutedbitumen from west of FortMcMurray to the Hardistyterminal southeast of Edmonton.

ACFN also holds that the mapused to determine whether or notACFN should have beenconsulted was outdated and theministry conceded it was “in themidst of a mapping project toestablish a Consultation Area foreach First Nation.”

ACFN is asking that thedecision approving the GrandRapids project be quashed andthat the Crown consult andaccommodate ACFN.

The ACO and the new matrixfor consultation for economicand industrial development, firstreleased by the government in2013, has come under continuedcriticism from First Nations. TheACO would determine if andhow much consultation was

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6 E D M O N T O NE D M O N T O NE D M O N T O NE D M O N T O NE D M O N T O N

Rockin’ on WhyteRockin’ Randy (Daniels) belts out classic rock tunes while Rick

Shott plays guitar during the jam at Blues On Whyte on Jan. 31.Both are familiar faces in Edmonton’s music scene. Daniels hasled a number of open jams around the city, but is especially knownfor his energetic performances at Blues On Whyte.

Audio tells story of missing, murdered womenLauren Crazybull’s Voices of the Silenced, an audio documentary

telling the stories of over 10 people whose loved ones have gonemissing or murdered, was aired at the end of January atEdmonton’s Latitude 53. Crazybull’s aunt, Sandra Manyfeathers,tells her story in Voices of the Silenced. Two of her sisters and acousin were murdered. Manyfeathers said her niece is bridgingunderstanding between Native and non-Native people through herwork. Crazybull says the rate of missing and murdered Indigenouswomen will negatively impact future generations. “People aregrowing up without their mothers and their sisters and their aunts,and seeing this violence against women perpetuated, and I thinkthat’s really, really important to pay attention to,” she said. Bycreating audio documentaries on these issues, Crazybull ischallenging the systemic violence against Indigenous women, addsTracy Bear, of Montreal Lake First Nations, who is a PhD studentat the University of Alberta. Her thesis focuses on how the colonialimpact on Indigenous society contributes to violence againstIndigenous women today.

Edmonton Arts Council recognizes outstanding local artistsAward-winning Métis artist Will Belcourt and Cree actor Todd

Houseman are among eight recent recipients of the 2014 CulturalDiversity in the Arts grant. Belcourt, a multi-disciplinary artist,will be creating a new body of music rooted in traditional Métisfolk music and writing songs taken from four generations of hisfamily history. Houseman, a performer and Aboriginal PeoplesInterpreter, will team up with Ben Gorodetsky, a first generationRussian-Canadian theatre artist, to further develop Folk Lordz,an improvised theatre show driven by Cree storytelling andChekhovian character drama. “The City of Edmonton valuesdiversity of artistic expression,” said Paul Moulton, executivedirector of the Edmonton Arts Council. “We are grateful for thiswide-ranging group of writers, filmmakers, musicians, actors,performers, visual and media artists who call Edmonton home –for all that they bring to the Edmonton arts community and to thelives of Edmontonians.”

Federal Building could be named after CrowfootAlberta historian David W. Watts is suggesting that the newly

reopened Federal Building in Edmonton be named after Crowfoot,who was Grand Chief of the Blackfoot Confederacy. “Thanks toCrowfoot,” writes Watts in an opinion piece that recently appearedin The Edmonton Journal, “Canada did not face an interracialwar of the type that culminated in the Battle of the Little Bighornin the U.S. He refused the request of Sitting Bull’s emissaries tojoin the Lakota in their struggle. He likewise refused to join theMétis and Cree in the Louis Riel-led Northwest Rebellion of 1885.Crowfoot’s policy of restraint made possible a peaceful settlementof the district and birth of the province of Alberta.” Watts saysCrowfoot would be a good choice because he was a “multiculturalin his own time,” having been born a Blood, he became a Blackfootand united the tribes, making allies of their traditional enemies,the Cree; and was effective as a unifier for the Canadiangovernment and the North West Mounted Police with the southernAlberta plains people. “Crowfoot can be seen as a father of twoconfederacies: the Blackfoot and the Canadian Confederation thatAlberta joined peaceably as a result of his influence. He is asmuch a father of this province as of his own people,” says Watts.

Compiled by Shari Narine

PHOTO: PAULA E. KIRMAN

By Sandra CrowfootSweetgrass Contributor

EDMONTON

Recognizing that there was aneed in the Aboriginal urbancommunity for an outpatientprogram, two well-respectedAboriginal organizations havecome together to help thosestruggling with addictions.

Poundmaker’s LodgeTreatment Centre has opened anoutpatient office at the CanadianNative Friendship Centre indowntown Edmonton.

The idea to offer outpatientservices came last year whenMerle White, executive directorfor the Canadian NativeFriendship Centre, noticed thatthere was a demand in aftercareassistance for people trying tomaintain their sobriety.

“There’s a problem here in thecommunity and I have a lot ofpeople asking for help,” he said.

White discussed his concernswith Brad Cardinal, executivedirector of Poundmaker’s

Lodge, and found thatPoundmaker’s no longer had anoutpatient program due tobudget cuts. Soon after, apartnership was formed andafter many months of hardwork, a new outpatient officewas opened.

The office will offer drop-incounselling on Tuesdays and anongoing recovery support groupon Thursday evenings. Therewill be counsellors on site toprovide ongoing support as wellas referrals to Poundmaker’s 42-day adult or 90-day young adultresidential treatment programs,if necessary.

“This is something that wereally need in our community,and this is something that wehave been looking at for quitesome time,” said Cardinal. “Weknow that it’s going to savelives. We know that it’s goingto create health and wellness forour Aboriginal people. Weknow that many of our peopleare out there suffering withaddiction and we need to be

able to reach out our hands tothem. We need to be able tocreate an open door for ourAboriginal people, and that iswhat we are doing by creatingthis partnership. It is endorsedby the Elders of ourcommunity, we know that weare heading in the rightdirection.”

Elaine Taylor, seniorcounsellor at Poundmaker’sLodge, is especially grateful ofthe joint venture. In the past,clients would tell her that thereweren’t many places to go forsupport after they left treatmentand that they wishedPoundmaker’s was downtownwhere it would be moreaccessible.

“Thank goodness that we areable to open this office at theNative Friendship Centre,” saidTaylor. “This is going to beawesome!”

The outpatient office islocated in an upstairs office atthe Canadian Native FriendshipCentre in Edmonton.

Merle White, executive director of Canadian Native Friendship Centre (third from left) is joinedby Poundmaker’s Lodge representatives (from left) counsellor Robert Johnson, board memberJim Brule, Executive Director Brad Cardinal, counselor Greg Bubel and Elder Ann Magnusson.

PHOTO: SANDRA CROWFOOT

Poundmaker’s Lodge opensoutpatient office in downtownEdmonton


7C A L G A R YC A L G A R YC A L G A R YC A L G A R YC A L G A R Y

PHOTO: PATHWAYS

Annual round dance strengthens culturePathways Family Services hosted its 9th annual round dance honouring

the late Gordon McGilvery. The event was held on Jan. 17 at the BownessSportsplex. Pathways CSA is a uniqut social services agency that worksfrom an Aboriginal worldview to strengthen the resilience of children,youth and families.

State funeral held for respected leaderA state funeral was held on Jan. 17 on the Tsuu T’ina Reserve for

former Chief Gordon Crowchild, who was chief from 1968-1976 anddied at the age of 85. Said Assembly of First Nations National ChiefPerry Bellegarde, “”It is with honour and humility that … I acknowledgethe passing one of our most respected Elders …. He was a strong advocatefor the rights of First Nations and our citizens throughout his life.” Aformer rodeo athlete, Crowchild competed in the Calgary Stampede inthe 1940s and was inducted in to the Canadian Rodeo Hall of Fame in2005. Chief Crowchild was instrumental in bringing economicdevelopment to the Tsuu T’ina Nation, first with a golf course and lateradvancing the southwest ring road in the 1970s. He was known forpromoting youth in sports and culture and encouraging nation membersthrough training programs to pursue careers in the trades. Chief Crowchildwas remembered as a legendary leader with a great love for hiscommunity.

NEB to hear oral Aboriginal traditional evidenceThe National Energy Board heard oral Aboriginal traditional evidence

from the Alexander First Nation for the Trans Mountain Expansion Projecton Jan. 27 in the final scheduled hearing of the application. Throughoutthe fall, the NEB heard from Aboriginal presenters in Edmonton,Chilliwack, Kamloops and Victoria. The NEB recognizes that Aboriginalpeoples have an oral tradition for sharing knowledge from one generationto the next which cannot always be shared sufficiently in writing. Theoral knowledge, stories and lessons shared, will be an importantcomponent of the evidence the NEB considers in deciding whether ornot to recommend approval of the project. Aboriginal interveners mayalso file written evidence in addition to their oral traditional evidence.Other interveners, Trans Mountain or the NEB may ask presenters abouttheir oral traditional evidence which they may respond to orally, in writing,or both. Trans Mountain submitted its application to expand the existingTrans Mountain pipeline system in Alberta and British Columbia to theNEB in December 2013. The expansion includes approximately 990 kmof new pipeline, new and modified facilities, the reactivation of 193 kmof existing pipeline between Edmonton and Burnaby, and an expansionof the Westridge Marine Terminal.

Flood recovery program stepped upThe province is hoping to close all 2013 Disaster Recovery program

files, which resulted from the Calgary-area flood, this summer. Thegovernment will allocate an additional 15 temporary caseworkers to assistwith file management and advance 90 per cent of eligible funding to theapproximately 2,000 remaining applicants with open files. The additionalfunds are to help homeowners with repairs. Once repairs have beencompleted, applicants will be able to submit receipts to receive the final10 per cent in funding. The DRP received more than 10,500 applicationsafter the June 2013 floods, making this program the biggest and mostcomplex in Alberta’s history. To date, more than 8,400 cases have beenclosed and nearly $110 million in financial aid provided. This finaladvancement of funds will provide up to $20 million in additional support.

Private donor helps support spay/neuter workCalgary realtor Heather Waddell is matching donations to the Alberta

Spay/Neuter Task Force up to $25,000 until Feb. 14. If $25,000 is reached,Waddell, who is a long-time supporter of the organization, will give anadditional $10,000. The task force, which began operating in 2009, wasspearhead by animal rescue volunteers RJ Bailot and Nancy Larsen, whowere working on First Nations lands rescuing animals but could not findenough new homes for them. The task force puts together a volunteerteam of close to 100 people, including vets and surgical assistants, andeight times a year set up a mobile unit consisting of examination areas, atriage zone, surgery stations and recovery rooms in a school or gym. Thetask force operates in First Nations communities they are invited to.Throughout the course of a weekend clinic, dogs and cats are examined,treated for parasites, vaccinated, spayed or neutered and then tattooed.Upward of 450 animals are treated during a visit. Each clinic costsapproximately $26,000, with most of the volunteers paying their ownway.Compiled by Darlene Chrapko

By Darlene ChrapkoSweetgrass Contributor

CALGARY

Aboriginal men have to stepup and play a role in endingviolence against Aboriginalwomen and girls.

“Where are our warriors?Why are they letting thishappen to our sisters,daughters, mothers?” askedDeborah Crazyboy, an aspiringeducator and student at MountRoyal University. “It’s like aladder … We need to go to thebottom to find out what’shappening.”

Crazyboy was part of a crowdthat filled Mount RoyalUniversity’s Ross Glen Theatreon Jan. 20 to listen to a panelon Words & Actions: ARoundtable Discussion ofMurdered and MissingIndigenous Women andIndigenous Women’s Rights inCanada. Four women panelistsshared their collective wisdomand decades-long struggles todraw attention to the issue andthe lack of action in addressingit. All agreed that moreeducation and awareness areneeded.

Panelist Beverly Jacobs,former president of the NativeWomen’s Association ofCanada and lead researcher ofAmnesty International’s 2004Stolen Sisters report onmurdered and missing

Indigenous women, said thatwhile men like Robert Picktonand other serial killers, cannotbe overlooked, and Indigenouswomen and girls are primetargets for human traffickingand sexual exploitation,Indigenous communities arebeginning to understand “ourown men are attacking women…We are now talking aboutawareness, prevention, in ourown communities.”

A return to traditionalcustoms, disrupted bycolonialism and residentialschools, is key in Jacob’s viewas traditionally, nationhood isabout the balance between menand women.

“We have always hadequality. How do we bring backour role of our women, bringback respect and honour? Weneed to come back to ourlanguage, tradition, culture,ceremonies, everything that hasstrengthened us,” said Jacobs.

Returning to the honour andrespect women have received isparamount, said panellistMuriel Stanley Venne, chair ofthe Aboriginal Commission onHuman Rights and Justice andfounder of the Institute for theadvancement of Advancementof Aboriginal Women. IAAWhighlights the celebration ofwomen through the EsquaoAwards, which honour thestrength and beauty ofAboriginal women, and

Panel says Indigenous menplay important role

encourages nominations fromfamily members.

Panellist Josie Nepinak,executive director of Awo TaanHealing Lodge says thatchange in Aboriginalcommunities is beginning, butmore needs to be done.

“This needs to be part of anational inquiry level, to get toroot causes, the issues of whothe perpetrators are and dealingwith that. Where are thewarriors is a big question,” shesaid. “They have been affected,too. What happened to ourmen?”

Despite the lack of action thepanellists have been advocatingfor, Stanley Venne spoke outagainst blaming. “We have anobligation as Indian people todo what we say needs to bedone. It needs to be donethrough good will and lack ofblame. Blame will destroygood will.”

Autumn Eaglespeaker, aformer student, applaudedMRU for bringing the issues tothe forefront and was heartenedby the well-attended publicforum.

“If you have a voice anddon’t use it, you are complicitin keeping the people down,”she said.

“Future leaders caninfluence,” said Nepinak. “Weneed to work together to createsocial change.”

Kathy Shailer Provost and Vice-President, Academic Mount Royal University bears witness atRoundtable on Missing and Murdered Women.

PHOTO: DARLENE CHRAPKO

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8 C O M M U N I T Y C O M M U N I T Y C O M M U N I T Y C O M M U N I T Y C O M M U N I T Y

Too many young Aboriginal children live in povertyBy Paula E. KirmanSweetgrass Contributor

EDMONTON

A new report on poverty inEdmonton indicates that 43.7per cent of young Aboriginalchildren up to age five lived inpoverty in 2011, more thantwice the poverty rate of youngEdmonton children overall.Almost one-third of the100,000 people who live inpoverty are children.

Aboriginal people in the citymake up a disproportionatenumber of those living in need,says the Mayor’s Task Forceon Poverty, even though thosewith Aboriginal background in

2011 represent only 5.6 percent of Edmonton’spopulation.

“The report affirms withhard data what Aboriginalpeople are facing as a people:poverty rates that not onlyharm people currently butcreate great worry over thefuture. When half ofAboriginal children are livingin poverty, when Aboriginalfamilies have disproportionateinvolvement with childwelfare, what will the futurelook like for Aboriginalchildren?” said task forcemember Mark Holmgren,executive director of BissellCentre, a service agency

providing assistance tohomeless and at-risk people inthe inner city.

The report also says thatadult and senior Aboriginalwomen have significantlyhigher poverty rates thanAboriginal men and doublethose of the overall Edmontonpopulation.

Mayor Don Iveson createdthe task force in March 2014,inviting 18 community leadersto participate for one year, withthe goal of eliminating povertyin the city within onegeneration. In addition, thetask force created anAboriginal round table as oneof two round table working

groups to provide research andinformation.

The group will be collatingtheir information andsubmitting their own report“so that it is not just throughone lens,” said Aboriginalround table co-chair BrendaSt. Germain, a social workerwith a specialization inIndigenous issues, who hasspent the last 30 years workingin community developmentboth for the government andher own consulting.

St. Germain says that lowerliteracy levels leading tohigher unemployment ratesamong Aboriginals is themajor reason for higher

poverty levels, a trend that hasnot changed since the 1970s.She also points out thatattitudes which date back tocolonial history need to changein order for the situationAboriginals are in to improve.

“We want to make peopleaware that it’s not out and outdiscrimination, but it is insideand causes stressful problems,and Aboriginal kids are facingthis and making them not wantto go to school,” said roundtable co-chair Dr. DanielMcKennit. McKennit isOjibwe from Sandy Bayoutside of Winnipeg, but grewup in Edmonton where he justcompleted his residency in


9 C A R E E R S C A R E E R S C A R E E R S C A R E E R S C A R E E R S

family medicine and iscurrently working as a familydoctor in the city and inMaskwacis.

“Canada has no nationaldiscrimination strategy or plan.They have a mental healthcommission but nothing ondiscrimination like Australia orNew Zealand has. It’s alwaysput to the Aboriginal people tochange and we need to do thisand that, but maybe Canadian

society as a whole has to lookat its values,” said McKennitt.

Community engagementwill continue to take place untilthe end of February, afterwhich the informationgathered will be collated andgiven to task force members toreview. The next steps includemaking recommendations andstrategizing to implementthem.

“We need to stop studying

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Aboriginal people over andover and get to solutions andgovernments, funders, andorganizations like BissellCentre, must do a better job oflistening, engaging Aboriginalpeople in solution building,taking leadership from thoseliving in poverty, with racism,with trauma and working hardto change how we worktogether to fix things,” saidHolmgren.

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10 E D U C A T I O N E D U C A T I O N E D U C A T I O N E D U C A T I O N E D U C A T I O N

By Julie MacIsaacSweetgrass Writer

KAINAI FIRST NATION

Marie Smallface Marule, aprominent activist andeducator, passed away on Dec.31, 2014, at the age of 70. Bornon the Blood Reserve, she liveda remarkable life, bothprofessional and personal, andblazed a trail in the field ofsovereign Indigenouseducation.

As a child, Marie wasintelligent and gifted, and hermother had enrolled her in aChristian school in nearbyCardston, a move that served tokeep Marie out of residentialschool. At 16, eager to succeed,but discouraged by theoppressive racism andsegregation she was enduringin Cardston, she asked to leavethe Blood Reserve and herfamily to go to boarding schoolin Edmonton.

She excelled in all of herstudies, and after high school,got her BA in anthropology andsociology at the University ofAlberta. She then spent fouryears in Zambia, Africa,working with Indigenouspeoples there.

“It’s like she started hercareer backwards,” said RyanHeavy Head, director of KainaiStudies at Red Deer College,where Marie was president forover 20 years. “Most peoplestart locally and work up tonational and internationalwork. Marie startedinternationally and broughtback what she had learned thereabout Aboriginal people andtheir plights. Because of herexperience, she just didn’tseem to have the fear that somepeople have here aboutquestioning the mainstreamparadigm.”

Back in Canada, she workedin Ottawa as the executivedirector of the National IndianBrotherhood (the present dayAssembly of First Nations) andhelped create the WorldCouncil of IndigenousPeoples. She was then invitedto return to Alberta to head upthe new Native Americanstudies program at theUniversity of Lethbridge.Here, between raising a familyand teaching, she found hertrue niche—education. In1992, after obtaining herMasters in anthropology, sheaccepted the position ofpresident at the Red CrowCommunity College back onthe Blood Reserve. There,Marie made it her mission tocreate a new educationalparadigm for the Blackfootcommunity.

She and Ryan Heavy Headworked to create the Kainaistudies program at Red CrowCollege—an accredited,

transferable post-secondarycurriculum designed from theground-up with Blackfootculture, language andknowledge as its backbone.

“She wanted to make post-secondary education relevantto our people,” said Marie’sdaughter Tsuaki Marule, aneducator herself. “She knewthat our ways of knowing haveas much value as any culturalknowledge base, and there wasno reason why we couldn’tlearn everything through ourperspective—math, science—anything.”

Together Marie and HeavyHead took Kainai studies froma two-year diploma and a one-year professional developmentcertificate to a fully developedprogram that taught post-secondary curriculum throughthe Blackfoot paradigm andlead to degrees and doctorates.

“She was our advocate andour shield when we gotpolitical pressure, bothinternally and externally,”Heavy Head said. “Peoplewould tell us, ‘If you don’t dowhat the mainstream is doing,our youth won’t succeed.’Marie had no fear aboutconforming to the standards ofthe mainstream. She was suchan advocate for sovereignAboriginal education.”

Both Tsuaki and HeavyHead say that they hopeMarie’s legacy will continue tolive on in Kainai studies at RedCrow College.

“There was a break in ourknowledge because of theresidential school system,” saidTsuaki. “That was herpassion—making sure that ourpeople could get all of thistraditional knowledge, so thatit’s not lost forever.”

Marie Smallface Marule spent four years in Zambia, Africa, working with Indigenous peoples.

Legacy of trail blazer includes Indigenous-based studies

PHOTO: SUBMITTED

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11 E D U C A T I O N E D U C A T I O N E D U C A T I O N E D U C A T I O N E D U C A T I O N

By Sam LaskarisSweetgrass Writer

FORT McKAY

Julia Soucie is hoping to takeadvantage of an Aboriginalcomponent that will soon beadded to the Alberta Recreationand Parks Association’s HIGHFIVE program.

ARPA has been runningHIGH FIVE since 2007. Thetraining program focuses onhow coaches, leaders andinstructors can enhance thequality of sport and recreationprograms in their communities.But until now, very few ofthose trained have beenAboriginal.

The HIGH FIVE programwas developed with the beliefthat the experiences childrenhave with their recreation andsports events help to shapethem in their adult lives.

Also, the better preparedthose running programs are thebetter the chances they willhave the tools and knowledgeto create positive experiencesfor youth.

Since the inception of theHIGH FIVE program, about3,500 people across theprovince have been trained inhow to implement it in their

communities.Substantial funding recently

received by ARPA will allowthe program to focus onAborignal leaders inAboriginal communities.

Soucie, who lives in FortMcMurray, works about a 45-minute drive north of the citywhere she is the director of theFort McKay Wellness Centre.

Since 2012, Soucie has beeninvolved with ARPA’sCommunities ChooseWellprogram, which promoteshealthy eating and healthyliving.

Soucie is now hoping shewill be among those chosen tobe trained in the HIGH FIVEprogram.

“I think it would be anamazing opportunity to beinvolved with that,” she said,adding many First Nationcommunities do not have thefinancial resources to sendofficials to initiatives such asthis.

Fort McKay is primarily aFirst Nation and Métiscommunity. About 700 peoplelive in Fort McKay.

Soucie helps run an after-school program for about 100youth, aged 6-17. Besidesvarious recreational activities,

the program also providestutoring and homeworkassistance.

Allie Pratley, ARPA’schildren and youth programsco-ordinator, said the newfunding ARPA has receivedwill remedy the lack ofAboriginal participation in theprogram by enhancing thatcomponent.

For starters, the RBC andCanadian Sport for Life LearnTo Play Project gave ARPA a$25,000 grant in December.This was followed up with$17,000 in funding from theTelus Community Foundation.

Pratley is hoping to kick offthe program’s Aboriginalsegment soon.

“I’m currently trying to find12 participants to do thetraining,” she said.

Pratley is working withofficials from the AlbertaNative Friendship CentresAssociation to identifypotential trainees.

Once program participantsare chosen, the week-longtraining sessions are expectedto be held in or near Edmonton.

“Hopefully we can do it inMarch,” Pratley said. “It willdepend on when they’re allavailable.”

New training will enhance children’s lives inAboriginal communities

Pratley is thankful a pair oforganizations have comeforward to help launch theAboriginal segment of theHIGH FIVE program. She’shoping others also step up to

Funding from RBC will help add an Aboriginal component tothe HIGH FIVE program (from left: Greg Krischke (Chair of theRecreation for Life Foundation), Lise Lepine (RBC), and AlliePratley (ARPA Children and Youth Programs coordinator).

PHOTO: SUPPLIED

provide additional money tohelp the program grow.

“It would be nice to have alittle bit more (funding),” shesaid. “But I can make it workwith what we have now.”


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