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Swedish steam turbine technology…

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Old Ljungström turbine (STAL)

Svenska Turbinaktiebolaget Ljungström - STAL

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Ljungström turbine (STAL)

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The Ljungström turbine – pros and cons

Pros:• High stage heat drop• Very high efficiency

Tall and untwisted blades• Fast start

Heat in the center No long rotor

Cons:• Expensive

Complicated Two generators High founding

• Volumetric flow issues Short exit blades I.e. only back-pressure

applications Wiberg™ and Durax™

• Extractions

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Ljungström turbine – turbine discs

Steam admission

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Ljungström turbine – outward expansion

Direction of rotation

Direction of rotation

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Ljungström turbine – ring with “dog bone”

Expansion rimSeal

Seal Blade

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Ljungström turbine – blading system

Overload / capacity by-pass

Extraction

Back-pressure

Steam admission

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Ljungström turbine – end plates

Right side-plateLeft side-plate

Steam admission

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Ljungström turbine – side plate

Side plate

Steam

Steam

Steam

Steam

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Ljungström turbine

Gland leak system

Shaft seal (labyrinth)

Labyrinth plates

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Ljungström turbine – shaft seal

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Ljungström turbine

Overload / capacity by-pass

Extraction

Back-pressure

Admission

Expansion rimSeal

Seal Blade

Gland leak system

Shaft seal (labyrinth)

Labyrinth plates

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STAL Ljungström-type turbinesMöller

Wiberg

Ljungström

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Back-pressure unit

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Condensing unit – Wiberg blading

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Condensing unit – Wiberg blading

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Condensing unit – DURAX

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Condensing unit – DURAX

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Condensing unit – DURAX

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Condensing unit – DURAX

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Condensing unit – DURAX

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Condensing unit – DURAX

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Control stage

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Stenungssund block 3&4

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Advanced solutions – control stage

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Advanced solutions – controlled extraction

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Advanced solutions – controlled extraction