sustainable energy policies: the uk versus the netherlands who’s best? rené kemp
TRANSCRIPT
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Sustainable energy policies:
The UK versus The Netherlands
Who’s best?
René Kemp
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Sustainable energy policies in NL
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The Dutch “transition approach”
• Led by the Ministry of Economic Affairs (responsible for business, energy and innovation)
• Goal: to achieve a transition to a low-carbon economy
• In a bottom-up, top-down manner, moving from programmes & experiments to alternative systems with new business
• With an important role for platforms
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Top-down elements
• 26 transition paths
• 5 platforms for energy transition
• Government support for experiments (35 million euro)
• Policy renewal
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Areas of interest
Policy Renewal
Biomass
Sustainable Rijnmond
New Gas
Eff. Energy Chains
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Bottom-up elements
• Business alliances
• Experiments
• Identification of barriers / opportunities informing private action and policy
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New Gas Sustainable mobility
Biomass
Decentralised electricity
(Greenhouses
Hydrogen
Clean fossil fuels
Built environment
Hybrid vehicles
Biofuels
Hydrogen vehicles
ITS
Biomass production in NL
Biomass import chains
Biomass coprod.
SNG
Green chemistry
Dutch transition paths
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Chain Efficiency Sustainable electricity supply
Optimized waste chains
Precision agriculture
Process intensification
Multimodal transport
Freight load management
Symbiosis
Decentralised cogeneration
Paper industry
Renewables
Decarbonisation and cogeneration
Electricity infrastructure
Electricity saving
Dutch transition paths continued
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2050 Biomass 20-40% of primary energy supply ‘Vision’
2020‘Strategic goals’10-15% in power prod. 15-20% in traffic
2003 2 à 3 %
‘Transition Paths’
C. Biofuels
B. Pyrolysis
A. Gasification
ExpvE
OS
Exp
Exp EOS: experiments : R&D
The biomass vision
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How serious are they?
• Platform for “green resources” (one of official 5 platforms) 4 transition paths
• 60 million euro for biofuels
• In 2007 2% blending requirement for gasoline and diesel
• Certification system
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Why is NL interested in biomass?
Because NL is a gas country (biomass can be turned into a gas)
Because agriculture business and the logistic sector (Rotterdam harbour) are interested in it
Because the chemical industry thinks it may obtain an competitive edge from knowledge-intensive, green materials
Because ECN is a world leader in biomass gassification
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Why biomass #2
Because of Europe: the biofuel DirectiveBecause environmental groups are positive
about biomass (if done in the right way)Because the government views it as a relatively
attractive way to achieve CO2 reductions
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Policy renewalfor technological innovation in NL
‘room for experiments’ environmental permits, zoning regulations ‘attitude’ of public authorities
public funds: ‘unique opportunities’ ‘service points’
cooperation within the bureaucracyR&D in support of transition paths
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Members of platform “green resources”
• Paul Hamm (chair)• Dhr. G.G. Bemer (Koninklijke Nedalco) • Dhr. A. van den Biggelaar (Stichting Natuur en Milieu) • Mevr.dr.ir. M.J.P. Botman (Ministerie van Economische Zaken) • Prof.dr. A. Bruggink (NWO-ACTS / Universiteit Nijmegen / DSM) • Ir. K.W. Kwant (SenterNovem) • Dhr. P. Lednor (Shell Global Solutions) • Dr. Peter M. Bruinenberg (AVEBE) • Prof.dr. E.M. Meijer (Unilever) • Prof.dr. J.P.M. Sanders (Agrotechnology & Food Innovations) • Prof.dr. W.P.M. van Swaaij (Universiteit Twente) • Prof.dr. H. Veringa (ECN) • Dr. J. Vanhemelrijck (EuropaBio) • Prof.dr.ir. L.A.M. van der Wielen (Technische Universiteit Delft)
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NL: Energy transition is “accelerated evolution”
UK: Making business sense of climate change
Government should not pick winners
Policy discourse
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1) Because of the barriers to system innovation -- which have to with uncertainty, the need for change at various levels and vested interests
2) Because public policy is highly fragmented and oriented towards short term goals
3) Because of the need for societal support for transition policies and for legitimising policies towards structural change
4) Because a gradual approach of small steps is economically not disruptive and politically (socially) do-able
Why we need transition management
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Transition management relies on blueprintsNot true: it is based on a set of goals and quality images (visions). The goals and policies are constantly re-evaluated and periodically adjusted. This creates some flexibility but maintains a sense of direction.
Transition management is the enemy of control policiesNot true: control policies are needed. Transition management adds something to such policies: a framework and a commitment to change..
Transition management is something consensualNot true: There are stakes and ultimately winners and losers.
It will succeed where other policies will failNot true: it helps to achieve greater coherence in policy and increases diversity
Misunderstandings about transition management