THE SUSQUEHANNA RIVER—North BranchThe Susquehanna River is an American treasure reflecting the

unique places and people that comprise the Pennsylvania heart-land. Nearly 250 municipalities touch upon the river as it windsits way through the Commonwealth. Today, perhaps as neverbefore, the Susquehanna has the potential to shape our futureprospects in ways that we can only begin to imagine.

This stretch of the river is characterized by rolling meadows,forests, and crop land set amidst the ridges and valleys of theheart of the Appalachian Mountains. The area offers abundantoutdoor recreation such as fishing, boating, hiking, biking, ski-ing, snowmobiling, and scenic driving tours.

In Columbia, Montour, and Northumberland counties the riverleaves the glaciated plateau and flows from northeast to south-west through a long valley separated by often sharp-crestedridges. Outwash from melting glaciers enabled the earlySusquehanna to form a rather broad flood plain in some placesand cut deep into the ridges to form high steep bluffs in oth-ers.

Northumberland County was laid out in 1772 from parts ofBerks, Cumberland, Bedford, and Northampton counties andwas likely named for the English county of Northumberland.Columbia County was separated out of Northumberland in 1813,its name inspired by the great Italian explorer. Montour Countywas formed from Columbia in 1850 and named in honor ofMadame Montour, a woman of mixed French and Indiandescent, Indian by adoption, with considerable education andrefinement. She spoke English and French as well as numerousIndian tongues and was frequently utilized as an interpreter atIndian conferences and treaties.

It is on the vast flood plain of the past that the river townsof Berwick, Bloomsburg, Catawissa, Danville, Riverside,Northumberland, and Sunbury took root. With their beginningsdating back to a time when the river was the key means oftransportation through the mountains, these towns became sig-nificant as part of the trade route for lumber, iron, and coal.

Traces of the bed and tow path of the Pennsylvania Canal –North Branch Division, built from 1829 – 1832, can be seen atseveral locations along the river. Canal boats carried coal fromNanticoke mines to Northumberland until 1901. From Lack-awanna Creek downward there were 2 dams, 14 locks, and 7aqueducts.

The river can be paddled with a level in Bloomsburg as low as1 foot. Gauge levels up to 2 feet can be paddled at a rate of 2to 3 miles per hour. Gauge levels from 2 to 4 feet can be pad-dled at 3 to 5 miles per hour; levels at 4 to 5 feet can be pad-dled at 4 to 6 miles per hour. Levels under 1 foot can produceclass I and II wave heights where the river funnels into thelower riverbed. It is easy to avoid these areas or have fun andpaddle through them.

It is better to plan a shorter trip and enjoy the paddle bytaking your time rather than to spend a long day in an unpre-dicted head wind. At the 2-foot gauge level, an 8-to-10 milepaddle might be enough for novice paddlers and 15 to 18 milesfor more experienced paddlers.

Review the caution areas prior to your trip.

LTY TIPSPADDLING SAFETY TIPS

• Wear your life jacket. Some 80 percent of allrecreational boating fatalities happen to peoplewho are not wearing a life jacket.

• Expect to get wet. Even the best paddlers sometimes capsizeor swamp their boats. Bring extra clothing in a waterproofbag.

• Be prepared to swim. If the water looks too hazardous toswim in, don’t go paddling.

• If you capsize, hold on to your boat, unless it presents a life-threatening situation. If floating in current, position yourselfon the upstream side of the capsized boat.

• Scout ahead whenever possible. Know the river. Avoid surprises.• Be prepared for the weather. Get a forecast before you go.

Sudden winds and rain are common and can turn a pleasanttrip into a risky, unpleasant venture.

• Wear wading shoes or tennis shoes with wool, polypropylene,pile or neoprene socks.

• Never take your boat over a low-head dam.• Portage (carry) your boat around any section of water about

which you feel uncertain.• Never boat alone. Boating safety increases with numbers.• Keep painter lines (ropes tied to the bow) and any other ropes

coiled and secured.• Never tie a rope to yourself or to another paddler, especially

a child.• Kneel to increase your stability before entering rougher water,

like a rapid.• If you collide with an obstruction, lean toward it. This will

usually prevent your capsizing or flooding the boat.• File a float plan with a reliable person, indicating where you

are going and when you will return. Remember to contact theperson when you have returned safely.

PENNSYLVANIA BOATING REGULATIONS

• One wearable, Coast Guard-approvedpersonal flotation device (PFD or lifejacket) in serviceable condition and ofthe appropriate size is required for eachperson in your boat. If your boat is 16’or longer, one throwable device (seatcushion or ring buoy) is required.Canoes and kayaks, regardless of length,are not required to carry a throwabledevice.

• Life jackets must be worn by all children12 years old and younger on all boats 20’ orless in length while under way, and on allcanoes and kayaks. Others are stronglyencouraged to wear a PFD at all times on thewater.

• All boats must display an anchor light (awhite light visible 360º) when at anchorbetween sunset and sunrise. Boats can use alantern or clip-on battery-powered unit tomeet this requirement.

• All powered boats must show running lightsbetween sunset and sunrise. Between sunsetand sunrise, unpowered boats must carry a white light (visi-ble 360º), installed or portable, ready to be displayed in timeto avoid a collision.

• All motorboats are required to carry a sound-producingmechanical device audible for a half-mile. Athletic whistlesmeet this requirement.

• All motorboats must be registered, regardless of where theylaunch.

• Unpowered boats (canoes, kayaks, rowboats, rafts) usingPennsylvania Fish & Boat Commission access areas musteither be registered OR display a valid launch permit. Launchpermits can be purchased on the web at www.fish.state.pa.us. Click the “Outdoor Shop” icon.

• Operating watercraft, including canoes, kayaks, and rafts,under the influence of alcohol or drugs is illegal. The law isstrongly enforced for user safety. For further information onboating regulations, contact the Pennsylvania Fish & BoatCommission at www.fish.state.pa.us.

STEWARDSHIPHelp care for the land, water, and cultural resources along the

Susquehanna River Water Trail by respecting wildlife, nature andother people. “Leave No Trace,” a national outdoor ethics pro-gram, provides some guidelines to minimize your impact. Formore information about “Leave No Trace” outdoor ethics, visitwww.lnt.org.

Leave no trace for camping and day use:1. Plan and prepare.2. Travel and camp on durable surfaces.3. Dispose of waste properly.4. Leave what you find.5. Minimize campfires.6. Respect wildlife.7. Be considerate of other visitors.

FISHING OPPORTUNITIESThe North Branch Susquehanna River supports an exceptional

warmwater fishery. Some of the more popular species are small-mouth bass, walleye, muskellunge, channel catfish, rock bass,common carp and white suckers. Smallmouth bass are the main-stay of the fishery and are abundant throughout the river. Theycan be caught just about any time of the year on a variety ofbaits and gear types. The best smallmouth fishing, however, usu-ally occurs at the best time to float the river—during the peakof fall foliage season in October. Walleyes can be caught from thedeeper pools and are particularly active during the coldermonths. Trophy muskellunge are often taken at the mouths oflarger tributaries shortly after the season opens in May, and agrowing northern pike population can also provide surprisingaction when fishing these areas. The best channel catfishing isdownriver from Wyalusing. Consistently successful channel cat-fish anglers use bait at night during the summer.

RESPECT THE PRIVACY & RIGHTSOF PRIVATE LANDOWNERS

Plan and make stops on shorelines open to the public. Unlessyou are otherwise certain, assume the land is private property.In any case, avoid loud noises and boisterous behavior. Remem-ber that sound carries across water much more clearly than onland. Many landowners enjoy peace and solitude overlooking theriver from their back yards. Share the same courtesy that youwould want. A friendly wave or quiet greeting is always welcome.

FLOATING THE RIVER

Day Trips on the North Branch of the SusquehannaRiver Water Trail

In planning a day paddle on the North Branch of the Susque-hanna, different factors should be taken into consideration.Weather conditions, river gauge height, and the experience ofthe paddlers should be assessed before leaving for the day. Pad-dlers should evaluate the risk for themselves and go paddlingonly if they feel comfortable.

The weather forecast should be reviewed for temperature,storms and wind conditions. The combined temperatures of thewater and the air should be over 100 degrees. Thunderstorms canproduce violent lightning and wind and can be very dangerous ifyou are out anywhere along the river. Even on a warm sunny daya steady head wind can make paddling difficult. Know the weath-er forecast and prepare accordingly.

The river height is provided by USGS gauges and can befound at the Mid-Atlantic River Forecast Center website,http://www.erh.noaa.gov/er/marfc, for locations along theriver and tributary streams in Pennsylvania. The base level foreach gauge will vary depending on location.

The gauges at Wilkes-Barre and Bloomsburg will read aboutthe same height with Danville slightly higher. For example, ifthese gauges are at two feet, the gauge at Waverly will bethree feet, Meshoppen nine feet, and Danville four feet. Usethese base levels for a safe paddle. If the gauges at Towandaand Wilkes-Barre are over five feet and Bloomsburg is over sixfeet, you should not paddle if you are a novice. Any riverheight with water up into the trees can cause a dangerous sit-uation for paddlers.

The paddling miles per hour will vary with the river height.

ALONG THE WAY

1 Berwick Test Track Park (Mile 158R)—A public parklocated on land that was used as an obstacle course to test

military tanks produced at the Berwick American Car and Foundryplant during World War II and the Korean Conflict.

2 Fort McClure House (Mile 147R)—In 1796, James McClurepurchased a tract of land up from the mouth of Fishing Creek

at Bloomsburg and constructed a log house on it. After theWyoming Massacre in 1778, Major Moses Van Campen, JamesMcClure’s son-in-law, stockaded the home and called it FortMcClure. It was one of a line of forts reaching from the WestBranch to the North Branch of the Susquehanna and became theheadquarters for stores and expeditions as long as the defense ofthe frontier was necessary. The fort was never seriously attacked,though nearby residents often fled to it for security.

3 Boone’s Dam (Mile 146.6R)—In 1827, Samuel Boone builta timber construction dam and a grist mill near the mouth

of Fishing Creek. The dam was used to divert water into the raceof the mill a few hundred yards downstream. A few years later,the aqueduct of the North Branch Canal was constructed acrossthe creek below the dam and just upstream from the mill. As aresult, the mill became known locally as the “Aqueduct Mill.” Inthe 1930s, the timber dam was repaired and reinforced withconcrete.

4 Rupert Covered Bridge (Mile 146.1R)—one of a number ofcovered bridges found in this area. Located about ½ mile

upstream on Fishing Creek near Rupert/Route 42.

5 Abandoned Reading Railroad Bridge (Mile 146)—Citizensof Catawissa were the first to promote the construction of a

railroad in this part of Pennsylvania as a transportation linkbetween the North Branch of the Susquehanna and the SchuylkillRiver. The line was completed in 1854 and provided a connectionto Williamsport and Philadelphia from the Wyoming Valley. Thepresent bridge, abandoned by the rail lines in the late 1950s orearly 1960s, replaced the original bridge. There is interest inusing the bridge as part of a future rail-trail project.

6 River Bluffs & Profile (Indian Head) Rock (Mile 145.2R)—As the river overflowed with meltwater at the end of the last

ice age, it eroded deep into its valley, creating both broad floodplains and steep cliffs and bluffs. Several of these bluffs loomhigh over the present river. One of the more impressive bluffsbetween the mouth of Fishing Creek and Catawissa includes aledge of sandstone that overhangs the roadway and is said toresemble the profile of a human head.

7 Catawissa Opera House (Mile 145L)— Constructed in1869 as a Masonic Hall, the building hosted theatrical per-

formances over the years and became the “Opera House” in1889. It is unclear whether operas were actually presented there,but it did host silent movies in the early 1900s. The MasonicLodge still meets in the building, and the present owners arerestoring the first-floor Grand Victorian Room for parties andreceptions and the second floor for a conference area.

Susquehanna RiverWater TrailNORTH BRANCH

Section 4: Berwick to SunburyMap & Guide

Water trails are recreational waterways on a lake, river or ocean between specific loca-tions, containing access points and day-use and/or camping sites for the boating public.Water trails emphasize low-impact use and promote stewardship of the resources. Explorethis unique Pennsylvania water trail.

For your safety and enjoyment:• Always wear a life jacket.• Obtain proper instruction in boating skills.• Know fishing and boating regulations.• Be prepared for river hazards.• Carry proper equipment.

photo: John Capwell

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Kayaking on the Susquehanna

Wildlife at Bloomsburg Town Park

photo: David Buck

8 Danville Historic District (Mile 136.5R)—An area cen-tered around the intersection of Mill and Market streets and

extending outward for several blocks, encompassing architect-designed mansions, commercial structures, and public buildingstypical of the mid-1800s when Danville’s iron production was atits peak.

9 Lake Augusta (Mile 130)—This 3,060-acre lake is formedby the world’s largest inflatable dam. It is typically inflated

from Memorial Day to Labor Day to provide recreational boating,water skiing, and fishing for species such as bass, walleye, andmuskellunge.

10 Joseph Priestley House (Mile 125.5R)—Priestley wasa noted English scientist (the discoverer of oxygen) and

Unitarian theologian who lived in Northumberland from 1794 to1804. His home and laboratory along the river are on the Nation-al Register of Historic Places and are preserved as a memorialand museum.

Visitor opportunitiesOutfitters, guides, accommodations, and recreational opportu-

nities are abundant in this area. For more specific informationabout attractions presented in this guide, please contact one ofthe following:Columbia-Montour Visitors Bureau, 121 Papermill Road,Bloomsburg, PA 17815, www.itourcolumbiamontour.com,1-800-847-4810Susquehanna Valley Visitors Bureau, 81 Hafer Road, Lewisburg,PA 17837, www.visitcentralpa.org, 1-800-525-7320

Chambers of Commerce in communities along the riverBerwick Area C of C, Berwick, (570) 752-3601; www.berwick-pa.orgColumbia-Montour Chamber of Commerce, 238 Market Street,Bloomsburg, PA 17815, (570) 784-2522; www.columbiamon-tourchamber.comGreater Susquehanna Valley Chamber of Commerce, Routes11 & 15, P.O. Box 10, Shamokin Dam, PA 17876, 570-743-4100; www.gsvcc.org

Susquehanna GreenwayThe Susquehanna Greenway Partnership is ded-

icated to developing and sustaining the Susque-hanna Greenway to connect communities andenrich lives through enhanced recreation, healthyliving, economic prosperity and environmentalstewardship. The Partnership guides planning forthe Susquehanna Greenway and fosters communi-ty action to establish the Greenway. Establishment of the Green-way is a farsighted undertaking shaped by regional values and anover-arching vision, extending nearly 500 miles through 22Pennsylvania counties. Greenway plans and designs are based onconsideration of existing, currently planned, and newly proposedprojects and ideas identified through public involvement. Pleasejoin us in creating the Susquehanna Greenway!

In case of emergency contact 911 orPa. State Police Barracks, 6850 Hidlay Church Road,Bloomsburg, PA, (570) 387-4701Pa. State Police Barracks, 2465 State Route #61, Sunbury, PA,(570) 286-5601

Berwick Hospital Center, 701 E. 16th St., Berwick, PA,(570) 759-5031; www.berwick-hospital.comBloomsburg Hospital, 549 Fair Street, Bloomsburg, PA,(570)387-2100; web site: www.tbhonline.orgGeisinger Medical Center, 100 N. Academy Avenue, Danville,PA, (570)271-6211; www.geisinger.orgSunbury Community Hospital, 350 N. 11th Street, Sunbury,PA, (570)286-3333; www.sunburyhospital.com

Canoe LiveriesCanoe Susquehanna, Lewisburg, PA, 888-524-7692 or(570) 524-7692; email mail@paddlehappy.com;www.paddlehappy.comSusquehanna River Adventures, Wilkes-Barre, PA (570)824-4500, email: susqguide@yahoo.com; www.susqpaddle.orgEndless Mountain Outfitters, Inc., Sugar Run PA (570) 746-9140, email: kayaks@ptd.net; www.emo444.com

Camping on the riverFantasy Island Campground, 401 Park Drive, Sunbury, PA,17801 (866)882-1307; www.fantasyislandcampground.comIndian Head Campground, 340 Reading Street, Bloomsburg,PA, (570)784-6150; www.indianheadcampground.comWray’s Riverfront Campground, 195 Brokaw Drive,Northumberland, PA, (570)275-5783,email: wrayscampground@msn.comSplash Magic Campground & RV Resort, 213 Yogi Blvd.,P.O. Box 330, Northumberland, PA, (570) 473-8021 or800-243-1056; www.riverandfun.com

Low waterAlthough most rivers in the state are a challenge to paddle

during summer dry periods and very low water, the North Branchof the Susquehanna River can be paddled in this section with lit-tle difficulty.

More detailed, waterproofed maps from Sayre toSunbury, including the Great Bend, are availablefrom: Endless Mountains Heritage Region, Inc. atwww.endlessmountainsheritage.org, 570-265-1528and the Pennsylvania Environmental Council, Northeast Regional Office, at www.pecpa.org, 570-718-6507

photo: Middleton Evans

Nescopeck Falls. Use extreme caution when USGS Bloomsburg gauge is below 2’.

photo: C. W. Schoffstall

photo: C. W. Schoffstall

810572 section4.qxp 4/30/2008 9:11 AM Page 1

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t Bloo

msbu

rg

Bridg

e ont

o For

t McC

lure B

lvd. f

or 0.

5 mile

s to r

iver a

cces

s on

left.

River

Right

.

146

Indi

an H

ead

Camp

grou

nd

Prim

itive

- Su

rface

d Ram

p La

t 40 5

8 30/

Lon

76 28

10

Rt. 1

1 to r

amp f

or R

t. 42

for 0

.9 mi

les. J

ust a

fter f

ire st

ation

, left

onto

Train

St. f

or 0.

1 mile

.

Cross

railro

ad tr

acks

, foll

ow R

eadin

g St (

bears

to ri

ght)

for 0.

2 mile

s to e

ntran

ce on

left

at st

op

sign.

Rive

r Righ

t.

138

PFBC

Dan

ville

Surfa

ced R

amp

Lat 4

0 56 3

7/Lo

n 76

35 59

Fro

m Rt

. 11 S

. (Wa

lnut S

t. in

Danv

ille),

left a

t ligh

t nea

r old

train

statio

n (R

ailroa

d St.)

for

0.3

mile

s. Tu

rn le

ft on

East

Marke

t St.

(bec

omes

Rive

r Dr.)

for 1

.2 mi

les to

rive

r acc

ess o

n rig

ht

(75 y

ards p

ast C

linic

Road

on le

ft). R

iver R

ight.

136

Mont

gome

ry P

ark

Prim

itive

La

t 40 5

7 34/

Lon

76 37

11

From

Rt. 1

1 S.,

turn

left

at M

ontg

omery

Hou

se M

useu

m int

o Dan

ville’

s Hist

oric

Down

town

(Mill

St.)

for

0.3 m

iles t

o sto

p sign

. Tur

n lef

t ont

o Eas

t Fron

t St.

for 2

block

s to F

erry S

t. Tu

rn ri

ght 1

bloc

k

to Pa

rk. R

iver R

ight.

134

Wray

’s Ri

verfr

ont C

ampg

roun

d Pr

ivate

- Su

rface

d Ram

p La

t 40 5

7 11/

Lon

76 39

52

From

Rt. 1

1 and

Rt.

54 in

t., ta

ke R

t. 11

S. fo

r 3.0

miles

(100

yards

past

Snyd

er Ro

ad on

righ

t).

Look

for c

ampg

round

sign

s on

left.

River

Right

.

126

Hano

ver S

treet

Su

rface

d Ram

p La

t 40 5

3 24/

Lon

76 47

18

From

Rt. 1

1 S. (

Front

St. i

n No

rthum

berla

nd),

turn

left

onto

Han

over

St. f

or 0.

2 mile

s to a

cces

s

ramp.

From

Rt. 1

47 N

., tu

rn ri

ght o

n Rt

. 11 N

. (Wa

ter S

t. in

North

umbe

rland

) for

0.2 m

iles.

Turn

rig

ht on

to H

anov

er St

. for

0.1 m

ile to

acce

ss ram

p. Riv

er Rig

ht.

125S

Sh

ikella

my S

tate

Par

k Sou

th

Surfa

ced R

amp

Lat 4

0 52 4

9/Lo

n 76

47 24

Fro

m Rt

. 11 i

n No

rthum

berla

nd, t

ake R

t. 14

7 S. (

Bridg

e St.

towa

rd Su

nbur

y) fo

r 0.3

miles

. Tur

n

right

onto

Mari

na R

d. int

o Shik

ellam

y Sta

te Pa

rk. B

oat r

amp i

s on

sout

h sh

ore to

the l

eft. R

iver

Le

ft on

islan

d.

125N

Sh

ikella

my S

tate

Par

k Nor

th

Surfa

ced R

amp/

Cano

e Carr

y La

t 40 5

3 01/

Lon

76 47

34

From

Rt. 1

1 in

North

umbe

rland

, tak

e Rt.

147 S

. (Br

idge S

t. to

ward

Sunb

ury)

for 0

.3 mi

les. T

urn

rig

ht on

to M

arina

Rd.

into S

hikell

amy S

tate

Park.

Cano

e ram

p is o

n no

rth sh

ore to

the r

ight.

River

Rig

ht on

islan

d.

122

PFBC

Sun

bury

Su

rface

d Ram

p La

t 40 5

0 53/

Lon

76 48

15

From

Rt. 1

1 in

North

umbe

rland

, tak

e Rt.

147 S

. (Br

idge S

t. be

come

s Fron

t St.

throu

gh Su

nbur

y)

for 3.

5 mile

s (0.4

mile

s bey

ond t

he R

t. 14

7 brid

ge).

Turn

righ

t on

PFBC

acce

ss roa

d to b

oat

ram

p. Riv

er Le

ft.

WB

North

umbe

rland

Poi

nt

Surfa

ced R

amp

Lat 4

0 53 0

4/Lo

n 76

47 50

Fo

llow

Rt. 1

1 S. t

hrou

gh N

orth

umbe

rland

. Jus

t befo

re br

idge,

turn

left

at N

orth

Bran

ch A

uto i

nto

No

rthum

berla

nd Po

int A

cces

s. Riv

er Le

ft on

Wes

t Bran

ch.

Ackn

owle

dgem

ents

This

gui

de w

as p

repa

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as a

join

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fort

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