Susceptibility of Silverleaf Whitefly to

Group 4 Insecticides

Hugh Smith

University of Florida/IFAS/

Gulf Coast Research and Education Center

Silverleaf whitefly,

Bemisia tabaci biotype B

Life cycle ~ ● about 3 wks from egg to adult.

● adults can live up to 2 wks.

● est. 5 wks btwn generations.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus –

vectored by silverleaf whitefly

Managing TYLCV

● Destroy crop residues and

other virus reservoirs

● Complete destruction of

plant is necessary.

● New growth from flamed or herbicided

fields can be highly viruliferus.

Reflective mulches repel whiteflies early in the

season.

Managing TYLCV

Varieties of tomato tolerant of TYLCV are available.

Florida 47 Tolerant variety

Managing TYLCV

Managing TYLCV

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Charger FL 47 RidgeRunner Tygress

2013 Fall TYLCV studyAUDPC Cumulative Virus

A A

Courtesy Gary Vallad

A

B

Seedlings are treated for whiteflies in the nursery

Managing TYLCV

Whitefly

materials

IRAC

#

Active ingredient

Monitor 1B methamidophos

Until end 2013

Thionex 1C endosulfan

Until end 2014

Malathion 1B

Lannate 1A

Managing TYLCV

Insecticides

New EPA Pollinator Advisory language

will be appearing on labels.

Group 4 IRAC # Active ingredient

Admire (soil)

Provado (foliar)

4A imidacloprid

Platinum (soil)

Actara (foliar)

4A thiamethoxam

Venom (soil/fol)

Scorpion (foliar)

4A dinotefuran

Assail (foliar) 4A acetamiprid

Durivo (soil) 28 + 4A chlorantraniliprole +

thiamethoxam

Closer 4C sulfoxaflor

Sivanto 4D flupyradifurone (reg

2015?)

Neonicotinoids, Closer, and Sivanto all have the

same mode of action:

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)

agonists

http://www.irac-online.org/documents/moa-classification/?ext=pdf

Bayer has carried out

extensive tests to confirm

that Sivanto poses minimal

risk to honeybees and

bumblebees.

Examples IRAC

#

Active ingredient

Various

pyrethroids

3 Bifenthrin

Fulfill 9B Pymetrozine(feeding inhibitor)

Verimark (soil) 28 Cyazypyr /

cyantraniliprole

Exirel (foliar) 28 Cyazypyr /

cyantraniliprole

Softer

Examples

IRAC

#

Active ingredient

M-Pede ~ Insecticidal soap

Aza-Direct ~ Botanical (azadirachtin)

Requiem ~ Botanical (extract of Chenopodium

ambrosioides)

Grandevo ~ Microbial (Chromobacterium

subtsugae)

MET-52 Microbial (Metarhizium anisopliae

strain F52)

PFR-97 ~ Microbial (Isaria fumosorosea

Apopka strain 97)

Botanigard ~ Microbial (Beauvaria bassiana strain

GHA)

Whitefly materials

Irregular ripening is caused by feeding of

whitefly nymphs

Examples IRAC

#

Active ingredient

Some nymph materials

Knack 7D Pyriproxifen(egg suppression)

Courier 16 Buprofezin(egg suppression)

Movento

Oberon

23 Spirotetramat(egg suppression)

Spiromesifen

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

MOA 1 MOA 2 MOA 3

WK

● Confine MOA to 5 wk treatment window.

● Use different MOA in following 5 wk window.

Group 4 and 28*Suppression of nymphs

*Durivo

● 4A:Admire (imidacloprid)

Venom (dinotefuran)

Platinum (thiamethoxam)

● 4D:Sivanto (flupyradifurone).

Silverleaf

whitefly

Testing susceptibility of field populations of

silverleaf whitefly to three established

neonicotinoid insecticides and one new

butenolide insecticide.

Funding provided by Florida Tomato

Institute and Bayer Crop Science.

Monitoring neonicotinoid resistance in biotype

B of Bemisia tabaci in Florida

David J Schuster, Rajinder S Mann,Marco

Toapanta,Roberto Cordero,

Sandra Thompson, Sabrina Cyman, Aaron

Shurtleff and Roy F Morris Il

Pest Manag Sci (2008)

Methods

●Systemic cotton petiole bioassay

●Four insecticides

●Six concentrations: 0, 1.2, 4.7, 18.8, 75, 300 ppm.

●Field populations are compared to susceptible laboratory

colony.

●Mortality is measured 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment

Cotton petioles

take up insecticide

treatments for 24

hours.

Admire: 29.4 mg ai /plant

Sivanto: 14.3 mg ai /plant

Platinum: 13.4 mg ai /plant

Venom: 37.2 mg ai /plant

How much active ingredient is applied

per plant at-plant according to the

label?

Ruskin Site 1

Homestead Site 1

Resistance ratio =

LC50 Field Population

÷

LC50 Susceptible Lab Colony

Acknowledgements

Curtis Nagle

Bryan Hammons

Justin Carter

Deborah Farr

Laurie Chambers

Lorna Carter

WinDi Sanchez

Charles MacVean