survivability considerations for design of government private wireless networks clay whitehead...

Survivability Considerations for Design of Government Private Wireless Networks

Clay Whitehead

Motorola

Networks and Enterprise

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Private Land Mobile Radio

• Terrestrial based wireless communications• Offers customized coverage, capacity, control and feature

sets• Primarily hand-held communications devices• One to many dispatch call model – voice is priority• Disparate frequency bands – government agencies hold the

licenses• Private government funded network• Mostly proprietary technology, but rapidly moving towards

standards-based platforms

What is Land Mobile Radio?

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• Extended power grid failures• Failure of back-up power systems• Network connectivity lost• Extensive flooding of facilities and equipment shelters• Towers fail• Point to point links fail• Single points of failure in critical components/subsystems• E911/Dispatch center evacuations• Lightning damage to equipment

When do LMR Systems Fail?

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• Many remain fully or partially operational– Full coverage and capacity– Fallback modes of operation– Reduced coverage or capacity

• Those impaired or with minor failures are usually restored shortly thereafter

What Happens to First Responder Communication Systems?

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• Robust coverage and RF saturation/innovative in-building penetration solutions

• Stricter site design standards• Redundancy of all critical control components• Allocate additional capacity and spectrum for State and

Local Government (broadband)• Enhance network security and monitoring tools• Soft-switch interfaces between public and private systems• Fuel cell technology for handheld/mobile devices• Enhanced disaster recovery solutions

Where Can We Improve Survivability?

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Palmetto 800


LMR Radio System Coverage – Palmetto 800 Network

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• Denser site configuration; more RF saturation

• More overlap between sites, including simulcast cells in the urban areas

• Individual site failures have less impact

LMR Radio System Coverage – Illinois Starcom 21 Network

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• Composed of manufacturers, commercial real estate companies, cellular carriers and first responders

• Value to public safety– Ability to communicate within buildings and from

inside the building to command and control locations– Improved situational awareness, command and

control– Fewer injuries and loss of property and life– Decreased response time for fire or injury emergency– Critical communications for instruction and

evacuation

IBWA - In Building Wireless Alliance

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• Design for Category 5 hurricanes in coastal areas/hurricane landfall zones– Towers with higher wind load ratings– Hardened physical security

• Elevated sites and power systems • Main Switching Office redundancy• Back up site connectivity

– Telco– Point to point microwave– Spread spectrum technologies– Satellite

Enhance LMR Communication Site Standards

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• Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 mandates spectrum clearing by February 17, 2009

• Various associations seeking additional spectrum for public safety

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CMRS(to be auctioned)

CMRS(to be auctioned)

Additional Spectrum Needed for First Responders

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• Remotely monitors LMR system health – most do not have this service

• Staffed 24/7• Knowledge database of approved

solutions• System labs for problem replication • Access to system platform architects• Automated escalation management

system• Quality review process• Remote system software downloads• National Communication System

collaboration

Network Operations Centers


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Private LandMobile Radio

PublicCommercial

Cellular

PublicBroadband

Mesh, 802.16Private

Broadband

IP SoftSwitching

Custom:CoverageCapacityCapabilityControl

Opportunistic Use of:Consumer CoverageConsumer Capability

PRIVATE PUBLIC

Future of Communications for Government Agencies


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Issue Current Solutions Future EnhancersPrimaryRadioSystem Down

CellularCarriersDown

Deployable infrastructureto restore primary service

Backup sites

Radios programmed forother nearby systems

Intelligent Mobile Network to route data from anySource…Seamless Mobility

Satellite phone handsets

Parked vehicular broadband satellite

Software Define Radios forsingle radio multi-band and multi-mode access

P25 Voice and Data overany available Broadband IP

Vehicle in motion broadbandSatellite > P25 voice/data > streaming video > VoIP phone > WLAN hot spot


Emerging Technologies for Disaster Recovery

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Issue Current Solutions Future EnhancersExtendedPowerOutage

Fixed – generators, UPS

Street – mobile radios (gas)

Run fresh batteries out toPortable radio users

FUEL CELL Chargers

FUEL CELL Radios


Emerging Technologies for Alternate Energy Sources

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• All networks should be hardened in terms of physical security, performance and resilience to electro-mechanical failures

• Additional spectrum for voice, broadband and multi-media services is critical to first responders

• Private network partnerships with public network carriers• Funding, funding, funding

Summary

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Project 25 Technology Interest Grouphttp://www.project25.org/

Association of Public Safety Communications Officershttp://www.apcointl.org/

In Building Wireless Alliancehttp://www.i-bw.org/

Spectrum Coalition for Public Safetyhttp://www.spectrumcoalition.dc.gov/

National Public Safety Telecommunications Councilhttp://www.npstc.org/

Fuel Cells 2000http://www.fuelcells.org/

Additional Web-based Resources

survivability considerations for design of government private wireless networks clay whitehead...

Documents

network slide

licenses private government

enterprise slide

lmr systems

network security

customized coverage

site connectivity telco

wireless communications