survey of science hs-ps4 wave properties

HS-PS4

Wave Properties

Survey of

Science

Wave PropertiesProperties of Waves.

What is a wave?

• When we think of the word "wave" we usually picture

someone moving their hand back & forth to say hello or

maybe we think of a curling wall of water moving in from the

ocean to crash on the beach.


What is a wave?

• In physics, a wave is a disturbance that travels through space

& matter transferring energy from one place to another.

- It's important to remember that waves transfer energy, not

matter.


Waves in Everyday Life

• There are lots of waves all around

- Sound is a type of wave that

vibrates our eardrums so we can

- Light is a special kind of wave that

- You can drop a rock into a pond &

see waves form in the water.

- We even use waves (microwaves)

to cook our food really fast.

Properties of Waves.

Waves in Everyday Life

• There are lots of waves all around us in everyday life.

- Sound is a type of wave that moves through matter & then

vibrates our eardrums so we can hear.

- Light is a special kind of wave that is made up of photons.


Types of Waves.

• Waves can be divided into various categories depending on

their characteristics.

• All waves can be categorized as either mechanical or

electromagnetic.


Mechanical Waves.

• Waves that require a medium.

- Must have some sort of matter to travel through.

• These waves travel when molecules in the medium collide

with each other passing on energy.

- e.g. sound, which can travel through air, water, or solids,

but not a vacuum; other examples include water waves,

seismic waves, & waves traveling through a spring.


Electromagnetic Waves.

• Travels through a vacuum (empty space). They don't need a

medium or matter.

• Travel through electrical & magnetic fields that are generated

by charged particles.

- e.g. electromagnetic waves including light, microwaves,

radio waves, & X-rays.


Another way to describe a wave

disturbance is traveling, either

Transverse Waves.

• The disturbance moves

wave. (wave moving left to

down.

- e.g. water moves up &

down as the wave passes

through; a wave of fans in a

stadium.

Properties of Waves.

Another way to describe a wave is by the direction that its

disturbance is traveling, either transverse or longitudinal.

Transverse Waves.

• The disturbance moves perpendicular to the direction of the

wave. (wave moving left to right, disturbance moves up &

down.


Longitudinal waves.

• The disturbance moves in the same direction as the wave.

- e.g. a wave moving through a stretched out slinky or spring

or sound waves propagating through a medium.

Wave PropertiesWaves: Introduction.

• Grab a copy of the “Waves: Introduction” activity worksheet

from the front counter.

• Complete the statements with the correct term from the

reading.

• Correctly solve the wave velocity equations on the back.

Note: The “Waves: Introduction” worksheet can be located on

the Survey of Science webpage @ link:

https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6825


Wave PropertiesWaves on a String.

• Grab your ChromeBook (number corresponds to the number

on your desk) & a copy of the “Waves on a String” virtual lab

worksheet from the front counter.

• Follow the instructions provided within the worksheet.

• The link to the virtual lab can be found in Google classroom.

Note: The “Waves on a String” virtual lab worksheet can be

located on the Survey of Science webpage @ link:



Entry Task(s)What two wave characteristics were you manipulating in

yesterday’s virtual lab?

• Amplitude

• Frequency

How did frequency affect wavelength?

• Increase the frequency the shorter the wavelength.

AssessmentPS4 Wave Properties

• Grab a copy of the assessment.

• Using only what you have learned complete the assessment.

• Once complete, raise your hand so I can collect your paper.

Wave PropertiesLight Waves.

Light radiates from a source in waves.

• Each wave has two parts; an electric part, & a magnetic part.

- That's why light is called Electromagnetic Radiation.

https://www.wwu.edu/skywise/a101_lightwaves.html


Much of the light in the Universe travels with wavelengths too

short or too long for the human eye to detect.

• The longest are infrared, microwave, & radio portions of the

spectrum.

• The shortest are the ultraviolet, x-ray, & gamma radiation.

• The visible portion is a very small part of the spectrum.



Our brains interpret light waves by assigning different colors to

the different wavelengths

https://www.wwu.edu/skywise/a101_lightwaves.html https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/light-waves/introduction-to-light-waves/a/light-and-the-electromagnetic-spectrum

Entry Task(s)What type of electromagnetic waves are the longest of the

wavelengths?

• Infrared, microwave, & radio portions of the spectrum.

What is the range of the visible light spectrum?

• 400 - 700 nm

What happens to the wavelength when frequency increases

(occurs more often)?

• Wavelength decreases


The wavelengths are usually measured in billionths of a meter

(nanometers), or 10 billionths of a meter (Ångströms).

• Humans can see wavelengths from about 700 nm, which

appears dark red, to about 400 nm, which appears violet.

• The light with short wavelengths (violet) carries more energy

than the light with long wavelengths (red).


VideoHow WiFi and Cell Phones Work | Wireless Communication

Explained (6:05):

Synopsis: How does WiFi work? How do mobile phones work?

Through wireless communication! How many of us really

understand how Wifi works & what goes on when you text your

friend across the ocean. From your cell phone & they get the

ping, almost instantaneously! Allow me to entertain you with a

little thought experiment. When you press “send” on your

favorite messaging app, where’s your message really going?

Watch this video to know more about wireless communication.

Link @ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxLcwIMYmr0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxLcwIMYmr0

Wave Properties“The Electromagnetic (EM) Spectrum” reading worksheet.

• Read through the article highlighting or underlining key

information.

• Answer the questions following the reading.

Note: The “The Electromagnetic (EM) Spectrum” reading

worksheet can be located on the Marine Science webpage @

link: https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6601


Entry Task(s)Which wavelengths cause the most damage to humans?

• Short wavelengths

Which of the following wavelengths would most likely be

associated with radio waves?

103 nm or 10-12 nm

• 103 nm because radio waves are the longest of the

wavelengths.

Wave PropertiesGlencoe - Electromagnetic Spectrum Virtual Lab

• Grab your ChromeBook (number corresponds to the number

on your desk) & a copy of the “Glencoe - Electromagnetic

Spectrum” virtual lab worksheet from the front counter.

• Read the first section & highlight or underline one piece of

new information not previously mentioned.

• Follow the instructions provided within the worksheet.

• The link to the virtual lab can be found in Google classroom.

Note: The “Glencoe - Electromagnetic Spectrum” virtual lab

worksheet can be located on the Survey of Science webpage @

link: https://www.steilacoom.k12.wa.us/Page/6825



Transverse Waves.

• The disturbance moves

perpendicular to the direction

of the wave. (wave moving left

to right, disturbance moves up

& down.

Longitudinal waves.

• The disturbance moves in the

same direction as the wave.


Mechanical Waves.

• Require a medium, matter to travel through.

• Travel when molecules in the medium collide with each other

passing on energy.

Electromagnetic Waves.

• Travels through a vacuum (empty space). They don't need a

medium or matter.

• Travel through electrical & magnetic fields that are generated

by charged particles.

VideoEarthquakes 101 (2:56):

Synopsis: Earthquakes are unpredictable & can strike with

enough force to bring buildings down. Find out what causes

earthquakes, why they’re so deadly, & what’s being done to help

buildings sustain their hits.

Link @ https://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/101-

videos/00000144-0a2d-d3cb-a96c-7b2d6cd80000

https://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/101-videos/00000144-0a2d-d3cb-a96c-7b2d6cd80000

Wave PropertiesEarthquake.

• If pressure or stress becomes too great, rock breaks at weak

points along the fault & energy is released.

• Energy spreads outward in all directions through the rock as

vibrations called seismic waves.

- The focus is the point along the fault where energy is

released.

- The epicenter is the point on Earth’s surface directly above

the focus; energy is greatest at this point on the surface.

Wave PropertiesEarthquake.

Wave PropertiesSeismic Waves.

• Waves of energy caused by the sudden breaking of rock

within the earth.

• The two main types of seismic waves:

- Body waves.

- Surface waves; most destructive.


Body waves.

• Primary (P) wave.

- Compression or longitudinal.

- Fastest of all waves.

- Moves through solid rock & fluids, like the liquid layers of

the earth.

- Causes compressions (shortening) & dilations

(expansions).


Body waves.

• Secondary (S) wave.

- Transverse.

- Slower than a P wave.

- Only moves through solid rock.


Body waves.

Entry Task(s)What are the two types of body waves?

• Primary (P) Waves

• Secondary (S) Waves

Which of the two body waves is the fastest?

• P waves are the fastest of all waves.


Surface waves.

• Love waves.

- Named after A.E.H. Love, a British mathematician who

worked out the mathematical model for this wave in 1911.

- Fastest of the surface waves

- Moves the ground from side-to-side


Surface waves.

• Rayleigh waves.

- Named for John William Strutt, Lord Rayleigh, who

mathematically predicted the existence of this wave in 1885.

- Rolls along the ground just like waves across water.

- Because it rolls, it moves the ground up & down, & side-to-

side in the same direction as the wave.

- Most of an earthquakes shaking is due to Rayleigh waves,

which can be much larger than the other waves.


Name of Wave: Primary (P) Wave

Wave Properties: Longitudinal/Compressional

Description of Motion: Wave move parallel to the

compression. Similar to pushing on a slinky or

students in a line moving forward. Travels at 8 km

per second. Travel through solids & liquids.

Name of Wave: Secondary (S) Wave

Wave Properties: Transverse

Description of Motion: Wave moves perpendicular

to the disturbance. Similar to snapping a rope or

slinky or spectators at a sporting event doing the

wave around the stadium. Travels at 4.5 km per

second. Travels only through solids.

Name of Wave: Love Waves


Description of Motion: Wave move perpendicular to

the side-to-side shaking. Similar to the side-to-side

shaking of Gelatin or Jello. Travels about 2-6 km

per second. Travels on the surface through all

matter.

Name of Wave: Rayleigh Waves


Description of Motion: Particle motion is in a

circular pattern while the wave moves

perpendicular to the motion. Similar to waves

moving in an ocean or body of water. Travels about

1-5 km per second. Travels on the surface through

all matter.

AssessmentPS4 Wave Properties Assessment_02

• Grab a copy of the assessment.

• Using only what you have learned, complete the assessment.

• Once complete, raise your hand so I can collect your paper.

Wave Properties“Earthquake!” activity.

• Grab a copy of the activity

• Following the short video complete

the activity worksheet according to

the instructions provided.

• Additional supporting information is

provided on the back of the activity

worksheet.

“Earthquake!” activity.

• Grab a copy of the activity worksheet from the front counter.

Note: The “Waves: Introduction” worksheet can be located on

the Survey of Science webpage @ link:



Entry Task(s)What waves are depicted in the seismograph reading?

• P wave & surface wave

What can you tell about the path of this seismic reading?

• The body waves travelled through liquid & the seismograph

station was far from the epicenter.

Wave PropertiesSeismograph.

Entry Task(s)Which is furthest from the

epicenter?

• Alaska

What evidence can you point

to?

• The distance between the P

wave & S wave.

Wave PropertiesLocating earthquakes using wave intervals.

Triangulation requires the use three positions to determine an

exact location.

Wave PropertiesLocating earthquakes using

Triangulation can identify the

• The epicenter is found by

records of three

• Finding the point where

the three circles intersect

(epicenter).

Locating earthquakes using wave intervals.

Triangulation can identify the epicenter of an earthquake.

• The epicenter is found by plotting 3 circles on a map from the

records of three seismograph stations.

Wave PropertiesEarthquake Triangulation activity.

• Grab a copy of the activity worksheets.

• Read the introductions & procedures located on the first page.

• Complete the activity according to the procedures.

Note: The “Earthquake Triangulation” activity worksheet can be

located on the Survey of Science webpage @ link:



Wave PropertiesMeasuring earthquakes.

survey of science hs-ps4 wave properties

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