surface water sampling - naicc.org · – monitoring system status & checking on sampling...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Surface Water Sampling
Steve Howatt
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 2: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Who are we?
• CRO based out of Prince Edward Island, CANADA
• We have two research farms:
– New Glasgow, Prince Edward Island • serving Zone 1 (1A)
– St Marc-sur-Richelieu, Quebec• serving Zone 5 (5A, 5B)
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 3: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What we do
• Pesticide Efficacy Studies:– Pesticide efficacy / crop tolerance– Trials to investigate label expansions– Setup, coordination and monitoring of research permit sites
• Pesticide Residue Studies:– Crop residue studies (OECD / EPA GLP)– Field dissipation studiesField dissipation studies
• Other Crop and Environment-related research
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 4: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Surface Water Monitoring Experience
• Watershed monitoring programs– Monitor water quality– Determine water quality index– Correlate water quality with land use
• Effectiveness of constructed wetlands• Nitrate monitoring programs• Pesticide monitoring• Study of the impacts of agricultural practices on water quality• Study of the impacts of agricultural practices on water quality
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 5: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Presentation Outline
• Sampling Methods
• Automated Sampling Equipment
• Selecting Sampling Locationsg p g
• Sampler Installation
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 6: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Stream sampling considerations
• Understand the purpose of the sampling program• Be familiar with the stream to be sampled:
– Must sample downstream of the ‘discharge point’– Must sample downstream of the discharge point– Be aware of other possible contaminants– Know what is going on upstream (dams, effluent outlets, etc)
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 7: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Stream sampling considerations
• Stream elements:– Riffles – shallow, fast moving water– Pools – deep, slow moving water– Runs – moderate depth and speed
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 8: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Sampling Location
• Consider:– Access, weather, etc
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 9: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Manual Sampling
• Involves filling a sample bottle by hand (grab sample)
• Considerations:– Should try to sample at the centre of the channel– Face the mouth of the bottle upstreamp– Avoid floating debris and avoid disrupting sediment– Always a good idea to label containers prior to sampling
• Good method when relatively few samples will be required, and when sampling can be conveniently scheduled.
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 10: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Manual SamplingAdvantages DisadvantagesAdvantages• Simplicity• Low cost
Disadvantages• Requires site visits for every
sample
• Easy to monitor and observe• Easy to re-collect a sample
• Safety concerns • Labour costs can be high if
many samples are required
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 11: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Equipment Required for Manual Sampling
B ttl• Bottles• Sampling pole• Coolers (when necessary)• Hip boots or chest waders
• Meters for DO etc if readingsMeters for DO, etc if readings taken on site
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 12: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Automated Sampling
• Sampling and data collection are performed by a device (autosampler)
• The system records monitored conditions and sample collection data
• Samples are held in the sampler until they can be collected by the technician
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 13: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Automated SamplingAdvantages DisadvantagesAdvantages• Lower labour cost (during
sampling) – can be extensive k i th l i d t
Disadvantages• Equipment cost• More technician training is
work in the planning and set-up phase
• Potentially safer working diti
required• Increased possibility of
equipment failureconditions
• Easier to plan and schedule site visits (as long as things are orking properl )
– Power failure – Programming problems– Vandalism or theftare working properly) Vandalism or theft – Flooding
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 14: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Equipment for Automated Sampling
• Programmable Auto sampler• Flowmeters, rain gauges, probes to measure other parameters• Data logging capabilities ?• Communication options ?• Infrastructure – shelter, security, power, etc., y, p ,
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 15: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Autosampler components
• Most samplers:– Use a pump to draw water through a strainer and flexible sample
t b d d it th l i t ll ti b ttltube and deposit the sample into a collection bottle– Use a computer processor to allow programming of sampler
functions:• Collection intervals• Sample volumes• Bottle positions in carousel
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 16: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Auto sampler
• Many options available:
– Composite vs. discrete sampling
– Event based sampling ?p g• Flow based• Event based (rainfall, temperature, pH)• Water level based
– Refrigeration ?
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 17: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Programmable controller
back
front
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 18: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Refrigerated compartment
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 19: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Sample compartment
Distribution arm and bottle carousel
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 20: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Suction / Intake Line
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 21: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Rain Gauge
• Key element for stormwater runoff monitoringM it i f ll d b• Measures on-site rainfall and can be used to trigger a sampling event– Sampler can remain idle until
diti i lconditions require a sample
• Must be installed properly, and away from any obstructions
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 22: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Other parameter measurement devices
• Multi-parameter probes:– Dissolved oxygen– pH – Conductivity– Temperaturep– Turbidity
• Can be used to monitor and• Can be used to monitor and record data, or can be used to trigger sampling events
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 23: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Flow / Level Monitoring
• For monitoring water level or to trigger sampling events
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 24: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Data Collection
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 25: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
CommunicationsI t t f t it i / t l• Important for remote monitoring / control:– Re-programming or forcing a ‘grab
sample’– Monitoring system status & checking
on sampling events– Downloading data from logger
• Modem:– Can notify in the event of a problem:Can notify in the event of a problem:
• Low water level• Sample missed• Power failure
Agricultural & Environmental Research
Power failure
![Page 26: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Sampler Programming and Set-up
• Pre-use programming and system configuration
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 27: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Sampler Programming and Set-up
• Shop testing:
– Verify accuracy of sensors and probes
– Calibrate suction line
Ensure operation of– Ensure operation of refrigeration unit, etc
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 28: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Autosampler Site Selection• Accessibility• Accessibility• Identify flood line• Security / shelter• Power source• Vertical head
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 29: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Site Planning
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 30: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Shelter set-up
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 31: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Shelter set-up
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 32: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Sampler Installation
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 33: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Routing of Cables and Hoses
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 34: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Installation of Probes and Intake
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 35: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Sample Intake Installation
• The sample intake MUST be properly positioned in the stream to collect representative samples
• Must be secured
• Tubing should also be secured
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 36: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Sampler On-site Programming
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 37: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
On-site Calibration
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 38: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Sample Collection
Agricultural & Environmental Research
![Page 39: Surface Water Sampling - naicc.org · – Monitoring system status & checking on sampling events – Downloading data from logger • Modem: – Can notify in the event of a problem:Can](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022050305/5f6d85d7244a44574a71904f/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Thank you
Agricultural & Environmental Research