supergen researchers day 6th may 2016 · department of chemical and process ... cfd modelling of...
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C P E 2 0 1 6Bioenergy Research at University of Surrey
SUPERGEN Researchers Day 6th May 2016
Dr. Siddharth Gadkari
Research FellowDepartment of Chemical and Process Engineering
University of Surrey, Guildford
C P E 2 0 1 6
SURREY: Development of computational
models for an integrated fast pyrolysis for
bio-oil production–fast pyrolysis, pyrolytic
vapour cracking and hydrodeoxygenation
reactors.
OBJECTIVE: Improving the stability of
fast pyrolysis oils by pre-treatment of
pyrolysis oil vapours with metal de-
oxygenation cracking catalysts including
doped zeolite materials and bifunctional
Fe based catalysts
Development of fast pyrolysis based advanced biofuel technologies for biofuels
Prof. Sai Gu
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(a) Simple kinetic model (Di Blasi, 1996)
(b) Global kinetic model (Miller and
Bellan,1997)
(c) Advanced kinetic model (Ranzi et al., 2008)
Biomass pyrolysis kinetics modelling
Effect of Kinetic models – simple, global and advanced kinetic models;
Effect of various feedstock;
Effect of Temperature
300 g/h continuous fluidised bed system (Aston University, UK)
Numerical modelling of biomass fast pyrolysis reactor
Prof. Sai Gu
C P E 2 0 1 6Comparion of product yields: Effect of the kinetic model
Effect of particle size, feedstock and temperature on the product yields
P.Ranganathan, S. Gu, CFD Modelling of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis in fluidized bed reactors ,focusing different kinetic schemes, Bioresource Technology 2016, In press.
Numerical modelling of biomass fast pyrolysis reactor
Prof. Sai Gu
C P E 2 0 1 6Catalytic Upgrading of Pyrolysis Vapours in a Riser
Pyrolysis vapour upgrading - the stabilisation of bio-oil
will minimize the carbon loss.
The pyrolysis vapour passes through catalytic bed -
chemical reactions of deoxygenation, cracking,
aromatization and oligomerization to produce aromatic
hydrocarbons.
It follows a similar process of petroleum industry with
reactor concept of Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) using
zeolite catalyst.
1 kg h-1 Fast pyrolysis fluid bed with coupled CFB reactor (Aston University, UK)
(Setup under development )
Objectives
• Simulate hydrodynamics of pyrolysis vapours and
catalyst particles flow in a riser reactor.
• Predict catalyst residence times in a riser for improving
contact time of pyrolysis vapours with catalyst.
• Simulate pyrolysis vapours catalytic cracking using
coupled CFD and lumping kinetic approach.
Prof. Sai Gu
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Reaction pathways for conversion of bio-oil (Adjaye and Bakhshi, 1995)
Pyrolysis Vapour upgrading: Coupled CFD and kinetics
Lumped Models
P.Ranganathan and S. Gu, CFD simulation of catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis vapour in FCC riser, Environmental progress and sustainable Energy, Under review.
• kinetic models predict the lower value for aqueous fraction and gaseous mass fraction.
• A kinetic model needs to be improved.
Prof. Sai Gu
C P E 2 0 1 6Hydrodeoxygenation of Pyrolysis Bio-oil: Ebulated bed reactor
Prof. Sai Gu
• Hydrodeoxygenation of pyrolytic bio-oil - hydroprocessing with hydrogen gas under high pressure (10-13Mpa)
and temperature (573-873K) and use heterogeneous catalysis.
• Two-stage fixed bed reactors are used - the issue of high level coking, fouling of catalytic bed.
• Ebullated bed reactor is a gas–liquid–catalyst (three phase) fluidised bed, proposed to replace conventional
fixed bed reactors for hydroprocessing.
• In EBR, Fresh feed, recycle oil and high pressure hydrogen are contacted with catalyst in this reactor.
Objectives
• Study catalytic hydroprocessing of bio-oil derived fromlignocellulose biomass in an Ebullated fluidized bed (EBR)using CFD simulation.
• Validation of CFD simulation result with the existingexperimental values in the literature.
C P E 2 0 1 6Hydrodeoxygenation of Pyrolysis Bio-oil: Ebulated bed reactor
Prof. Sai Gu
Mass fraction of lumped compounds
T= 673 K; P = 8720kPa; WHSV=2hr-1;
Catalyst volume fraction
Hydrodynamics: Bio-oil volume fraction
(Sheu et al., 1988)
Gollakota et al., CFD simulations on the effect of catalysts on the hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oil, RSC Advances, 2015, 5, 41855–41866
C P E 2 0 1 6
NERC “Resource Recovery from Waste Programme” (RRfW)
EPSRC LifesCO2R: Liquid Fuel and bioEnergy Supply from CO2 Reduction
Newton Research Collaboration Programme Grant of the RAEng “Economic
Value Generation and Social Welfare in Mexico by Waste Biorefining”
eSymbiosis-Development of knowledge-based web services to promote
advance Industrial Symbiosis in Europe
Renewable Systems Engineering grant (RENESENG)
Other Bioenergy Projects
C P E 2 0 1 6NERC: Resource recovery from wastewater with Bioelectrochemical Systems
Realizing the full polygeneration potentials, i.e. recovery of metals and production of
biofuels and chemicals from reuse of CO2 and production of clean water from waste
streams is essential for sustainability.
The aim of this NERC-ESRC funded project is optimization and sustainability
analysis of integrated systems for resource recovery from waste streams.
Develop microbial fuel cells (MFC) that use energy harvested from wastewater
to recover metals from metal-containing waste streams and for the synthesis of
valuable chemicals, ultimately from CO2.
Dr Jhuma Sadhukhan
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ANODE
CATHODE
Anode substrate: Organic waste/ wastewaters / lignocellulosic wastes and their hydrolysates/stillage from biodiesel and bioethanol plants / glycerol from biodiesel plant
H2 and CO2 / carbonic acid / pyruvate / formate / fatty acids
e-e-
External Voltage Supply
H+
H+
Bio
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ctro
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mic
al
ox
idat
ion
Cat
alyt
ic e
lect
ro-h
ydro
ge
nat
ion
, h
ydro
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reac
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ns
CO2 reuse in Chemical / Bioplastic / Biofuel production
Biofuel / Bioplastic / Chemical
Cathode substrates 1: Anode Effluents (pyruvate / organic acids)
Gaseous products (e.g. hydrogen, methane)
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
Cathode substrates 2: Other Wastes (Wastewaters / hydroxy acids, glucose, etc. from lignocellulose wastes
PR
OT
ON
EX
CH
AN
GE
ME
MB
RA
NE
Microbial electrosynthesis for product recovery from waste
Dr Jhuma Sadhukhan
C P E 2 0 1 6Liquid Fuel and bioEnergy Supply from CO2 Reduction (EPSRC)
Use of CO2 as direct feedstock for chemical fuel production crucial for sustainable fuel production with the existing resources
Goal is to develop a breakthrough technology with integrated low cost
bio-electrochemical processes to convert CO2 into liquid fuels for
transportations, energy storage, heating and other applications
CO2 electrochemically reduced to formate by Bioelectrochemical systems (BES). Formate converted to
medium chain alkanes in SimCell reactor with microorganisms using a Synthetic biology approach
Work at Surrey: Evaluate the sustainability of the SimCell and microbial electrosynthesis (MES) technologies
and select the overall optimal integrated system.
Dr Jhuma Sadhukhan
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LCA
SLCALCC
X
BIOETHANOL PLANT
AD PLANT
CHP PLANT
BIOMASS
NUTRIENT
BIOFUELBIOENERGY
BIOCHEMICALBIOMATERIAL
Integrated system investigated With
Malaysia and Mexico
AD: Anaerobic digestion
CHP: Combined heat and
power
Economic value generation and social welfare in Mexico by waste biorefiningNewton Research Collaboration Programme Grant of the RAEng
NEWTON fund: Develop science
and innovation partnerships to
promote the economic development
and social welfare of developing
countries.
Aim: Develop integrated scheme of enzymatic
hydrolysis, fermentation, wastewater treatment,
anaerobic digestion and combined heat and
power (CHP) systems for biofuel, chemical and
energy production and nutrient recovery from
wastes and residues
Dr Jhuma Sadhukhan
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Intermediates
Syngas
SugarsC2 – C6
…
Lignin
Pyrolysis oil
…
Process & Technology
Acid CatalysisEnzymatic Catalysis
…..Transesterification
Fermentation Gasification
Hydrolisis Pyrolysis
Feedstock
Wood residues
Corn stover
Straw
Municipality
waste
…..
Wheat
Corn
Bio-refining: Challenges & Degrees of Freedom
Biorefining: integrated bio-based industries, using a variety of different technologies to produce
biofuels & electricity, chemicals, food and feed ingredients, biomaterials and power from
biomass raw materials
Energy
biofuel electricity
Materials
biochemicals biomaterials
Dr Franjo Cecelja
C P E 2 0 1 6
Dr Franjo Cecelja
e-SYMBIOSIS is a LIFE+ Environmental Policy and Governance Project co-
funded by the European Commission
The eSymbiosis innovative environmental practice will
contribute to:
Trade waste as feedstock among companies, build
environmentally integrated and efficient communities
Cost savings in raw materials and discharge fees
Waste reduction across a wide range of industrial
activities
The development and assessment of environmental
policies at local and regional level.
Development of knowledge-based web services to
promote advance Industrial Symbiosis in Europe
Industrial Symbiosis : An innovative approach which
brings together companies from all business
sectors aiming at improving cross industry
resource efficiency through the commercial trading
of materials, energy and water and the sharing of
assets, logistics and expertise
C P E 2 0 1 6FP7 Marie Curie project: RENEwable Systems ENGineering
The overall aim of the project is to develop synthesis tools,
capabilities and a training network for renewable energy, with a
focus on bio-refining
Surrey has been tasked with developing a comprehensive and flexible modelling tool to assess feedstock,
integrating and improving existing tools. The model will take both a cross-functional approach – assessing
feedstock across different criteria such as availability, quality and properties – and an LCA (lifecycle
assessment) approach by considering the environmental impact of all aspects of the supply chain.
Dr Franjo Cecelja
C P E 2 0 1 6Our Capabilities