sunbed user’s motivations, knowledge and habits in budapest, hungary józsef bakos, judit szabó,...
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SUNBED USER’S MOTIVATIONS, KNOWLEDGE AND HABITS IN
BUDAPEST, HUNGARY
József Bakos, Judit Szabó, György ThuróczyDepartment of Non-ionizing Radiations, National
"Frédéric Joliot-Curie” Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene,
H-1221. Budapest, Anna u. 5., Hungary.
Actuality of the topic
Recently issued international documents:
• WHO Recommendation, 17 March 2005
• EU Commission Opinion (2004/C275/03)
• Nordic advice, March 2005
WHO Recommendation17 March 2005
The World Health Organization recommends that no person under 18 should use a sunbed.
Growth in the use of sun beds, combined with the desire and fashion to have a tan, are considered to be the prime reasons behind the fast increase of skin cancers.
WHO counsels, that sun bed use should be considered only in very rare and specific cases.
EU COMMISSION OPINIONof 27 October 2004
(2004/C275/03)
The current version of EN standard 60335-2-27:1997
does not adequately address the risks related to
exposure to UV radiation because it does not provide
specific limit values of effective irradiance levels
needed for different tanning devices.
The European standards body CENELEC has been
requested by the European Commission to revise this
standard to ensure that the above mentioned risks are
adequately addressed.
Member States' Authorities shall take account of this
opinion in the context of market surveillance.
UV-Radiation of Sun bedsCommon public health advice from Nordic radiation protection and health authorities
March 2005
Since the exposure to UV-radiation in general should be restricted, the use of sun beds for tanning or other non-medical purposes is not advisable.
Young persons below 18 years and UV sensitive people (skin type I – II) are strongly advised not to use sun beds.
Background and indication of the study
Trends can be observed world-wide in the population :– the incidence of skin cancers is steadily
increasing– increase of natural UVB exposure and– increased use of artificial UV sources (sun
beds)
Lack of regulation(EU and national)
To gain information about sun bed user’s – motivations of sun bed use– habit of excessive use of sun bed– knowledge of UV risk.
On the base of the collected data, to be able to give advice to authorities to achieve:
• more UV risk awareness of the public by better education, and by this way
• the reduction of intended, excessive UV exposure of public.
Aim of the study
• Participants were recruited in 10 tanning salons in
Budapest between 24/03/2004 and 31/05/2005.
• Sun bed users were asked to complete a
questionnaire containing 59 questions
• 780 questionnaires were completed
• The data were stored on computer and
statistically analyzed.
Methods
ResultsIn the last year 9,5 % of the adult population (>18 years) have used sun bed.
It represents above 800 000 people in Hungary (above 200 000 people in Budapest).
Gender: 63,3 % woman; 36,7 % man
Education: > 65 % finished high school; > 27 % graduated.
50 % started to use sun bed under 19 years of age.
Skin type: > 22 % belongs to Fitzpatrick skin type I. - II. (tans poorly, burns easily)).
0,0
10,0
20,0
30,0
40,0
50,0
60,0
%
<21 21-30 31-40 41-50 51<
age groups(years)
Age distribution of sun bed users
Mean age: 27 years
73 % of sun bed users are under 30 years of age
Habits
• 86 % was regular user (> 9 years of use in average)
• 76 % used sun bed more than 30 times per year
• average exposure time was 11 minutes
• 74 % never used protective goggles
• 48 % rarely, 6 % frequently burn from sun bed
Why do you use sunbed?
0102030405060708090
100
It helps meto reach thebeauty ideal
Peopleaccept memore with
tanned skin
I find paleperson
unattractive
The tannedskin
increase myself-respect
Its usemakes mefeel good
The tannedmy skin the
moreconfident I
am
I prefer to bebronzed
during thewhole year
%
womenmen
Motivations of sun bed use
KNOWLEDGE
Source of the information about the health risk of sunbed use
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Electronicmedia
School Medicaldoctor
Sunbedsaloon
Others
%
What is your opinion about the health effects of sunbed use?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
It cures I fell morehealthy
Tanned skinis morehealthy
It imprvesthe skin ofmy face
It improvesthe
resistance oforganism
It has anti-stress effect
Sunbed usefor cosmeticpurposes isbeneficial
women
men
Knowledge <> risk perception
Although sun bed user’s– 85 % is informed about health effects– 85 % know that skin is aged by UV– 61 % know that UV exposure and– 50 % know that sun bed use increases the
risk of skin cancer,
only 4 - 8 % understand that sun bed use is dangerous for health!
ConclusionsNeeds to be done:
• Improvement of education mainly in schools and at clinics
• To draw public attention on to the long term health effects.
• To fight against the fashion of tanned skin
• To introduce regulation on sun bed salons operation
Use sun bed !You were You might be