SummarizingParaphrasing

Harvard CitationSignal Words

Verbs of Attribution

September 2010

September 2010

KISS Steps for Paraphrasing.

Step 1: Understand what you read, while you are reading • Don’t try to memorize• Think about what you read

before you write.• What are the Main Ideas?

September 2010

Kiss Steps for Paraphrasing

Step 2: Close the book (don’t look).

Think about what you have read Pretend you have to explain what

you read to another student

September 2010

Kiss Steps for Paraphrasing

Step 3: Paraphrase what you read.

Without looking at what you’ve read.

In your own words, write what you remember.

September 2010

Kiss Steps for Paraphrasing.

Step 4: Review the reading.

Look for important information that you forgot to include

You don’t need to include everything

.

Step 5: Revise step 3.

• Re-write and include the information from step 4

September 2010

Kiss Steps for Paraphrasing.

Step 6: Edit your writing.

Don’t skip this step! Edit grammar, spelling,

punctuation, etc. Keep your sentences short.

They are easier to fix!

September 2010

Essay Activities

Essay one:1. Read the Essay2. Paraphrase paragraph 2 & 3.3. Write a Summary of the essay! 4. Prepare to turn it in.5. Name, School, Student number.6. Name of your partner(s).

Should I reference? Reference Required? – Tick Yes or NO YES NO

1.Copy text from another source  

2. Include a table of data or a diagram from another source

 

3. Mention a fact which is commonly known

 

4. Discuss the ideas or research of another person in your own words

 

5. Write about something you know you’ve read about, but you can’t remember where.

 

6. Write about your own opinions on a topic

 

7. Paraphrase the ideas from two separate sources linking them together using your own words

 

8. Present results of your own experiment or survey

   

Should I reference? Reference Required? – Tick Yes or NO YES NO

1.Copy text from another source  

2. Include a table of data or a diagram from another source

 

3. Mention a fact which is commonly known

4. Discuss the ideas or research of another person in your own words

 

5. Write about something you know you’ve read about, but you can’t remember where.

 

6. Write about your own opinions on a topic

7. Paraphrase the ideas from two separate sources linking them together using your own words

 

8. Present results of your own experiment or survey

 

Harvard Style In-Text Citation

Addy (2006) explains that children with

developmental coordination

disorder often struggle within

mainstream education (25).

Addy (2006:25)

explains that children with

developmental coordination

disorder often struggle within

mainstream education.

Children with developmental coordination

disorder often struggle within

mainstream education

(Addy, 2006:25).

Book

Naidoo, J. & Willis, J. (2001) Health studies: an introduction. 

Basingstoke, Palgrave.

Author(s): Surname. Initial(s), - Use & between two authors.

Date: Year of publication

Title: In sentence case and italicised.

Publisher: Place of publication, publisher.

Journal Article

Kelly, C. & Lynes, D. (2008) Psychological effects of chronic lung disease. Nursing Times, 104(47), pp.82-85.

Author(s): Surname, Initial(s). - Use & between two authors. Date: Year of

publication

Article Title: In sentence case

Journal TitleIn Title Case and italicised

Journal information: Volume and issue as x(x), followed by page numbers pp. for multiple

pages, p. For a single page.

Website

Department for Children, Schools and Families. (2009) Background to every child matters. Every Child Matters [Online].

Available at http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/everychildmatters/about/background/background/

. Accessed on 18th February 2010, 11:10pm.

Author(s): Surname, Initial(s). - Use & between two authors. Otherwise use corporate author or organisation.

Date: Year site last updated (often shown at

the bottom of the page). If not known, enter (no date).

Access information Full address of

webpage, date and time accessed.

Page Title In sentence case

Website TitleTitle Case and italicised. Followed by [Online].

September 2010

Answers to Citation Activity (from hand-out)

#1 – BookLewis, J.S. 1997. Physics and chemistry of the solar system. San Diego: Academic Press.

#2 – Chapter in an edited bookSmith. J. 1980. The instruments of Hungarian folk dance music. In: Jones, R. and Green, D. eds. Folk music of Eastern Europe. London: Edward Arnold, pp. 46-59.

September 2010

#3 – Journal articleStarkl, M. and Brunner, N. 2004. Feasibility versus sustainability in urban water management. Journal of Environmental Management 71(3), pp. 245-260.

#4 - Electronic journal article Halford, S. 2004. Towards the sociology of organizational space. Sociological Research Online [Online] 9(1). Available at: http://www.socresonline.org.uk/9/1/halford.html [Accessed: 10th June 2004].

September 2010

# 5 – Web documentLane, C. et al. 2003. The future of professionalised work: UK and Germany compared [Online]. London: Anglo-German Foundation for the Study of Industrial Society. Available at: http://www.agf.org.uk/pubs/pdfs/1232web.pdf [Accessed: 10th June 2004].

September 2010