sulfate deficiency in neurological disease following aluminum and glyphosate exposure stephanie...

Sulfate Deficiency in Neurological Disease Following Aluminum

and Glyphosate Exposure

Stephanie Seneff June 2, 2015

”If we all worked on the assumption that what is accepted as true is really true, there would be little hope of advance."

-- Orville Wright

Outline• Introduction• Sulfate• Melatonin and the pineal gland• Aluminum-glyphosate synergy• Sulfate, vitamin D and autism• Anemia and hypoxia• Manganese dysbiosis• Glyphosate and mitochondria• Iron and mycoplasmas• Sulfate and histamines (if time!)• Summary

Outline• Introduction• Sulfate• Melatonin and the pineal gland• Aluminum-glyphosate synergy• Sulfate, vitamin D and autism• Anemia and hypoxia• Manganese dysbiosis• Glyphosate and mitochondria• Iron and mycoplasmas• Sulfate and histamines• Summary

What happens to us in the modern world

• Toxic chemicals in the food destroy the gut and then the liver and then the kidneys and the heart and the brain

• Toxic metals work synergistically with glyphosate (Roundup) to cause harm

• Drugs make things worse by disrupting essential biological pathways

• We develop many painful and debilitating chronic illnesses

CELLAt the Cellular Level…

• Cells deficient in cholesterol sulfate can’t recycle their garbage

• They have two options:1. Proliferate to dilute the garbage2. Die and let a macrophage clean up the mess

• When even the macrophages are sick:– Proliferation is the only option cancer– Prostate cancer cells produce cholesterol sulfate– Breast cancer cells produce estrone sulfate good

substitute for cholesterol sulfate

CELLAt the Cellular Level…

• Cells deficient in cholesterol sulfate can’t recycle their garbage

• They have two options:1. Proliferate to dilute the garbage2. Die and let a macrophage clean up the mess

• When even the macrophages are sick:– Proliferation is the only option cancer– Prostate cancer cells produce cholesterol sulfate– Breast cancer cells produce estrone sulfate good

substitute for cholesterol sulfate

Neurons in the brain clear their

cellular debris while we sleep, and they depend upon sulfate to do this.

Wake-Sleep Cycle*

“Circadian signals are more important than food or exercise for wellness. Wellness is about optimized circadian signal specificity and sensitivity.”

Jack Kruze, MD

*jackkruse.com/tensegrity-4-magnetism-electrons-sleep/(Thanks to Lienke Katz for pointing me to Jack Kruze’s writings)

Wake-Sleep Cycle*

“Circadian signals are more important than food or exercise for wellness. Wellness is about optimized circadian signal specificity and sensitivity.”

Jack Kruze, MD

*jackkruse.com/tensegrity-4-magnetism-electrons-sleep/(Thanks to Lienke Katz for pointing me to Jack Kruze’s writings)

Healthy circadian rhythms

depend on sulfate

P < 0.0000077

U.S. Market is 25% of World Market of Roundup

Sleep disorder is associated with depression, Alzheimer’s disease,

dementia, Parkinson’s disease, ADHD, multiple sclerosis and autism.

• Cholesterol sulfate supplies oxygen, sulfur, cholesterol, energy energy and negative charge to all the tissues

• Sulfate is synthesized from sulfide in skin and blood stream utilizing energy in sunlight– Protects from UV damage and keeps microbes out

• Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) performs the magic

The skin is a solar powered battery!

A Provocative Proposal

eNOS is Very Vulnerable*• eNOS depends on:– Cobalamin (vitamin B12, cobalt)– Heme iron, sulfur, zinc, oxygen– Glutathione– Sunlight– Tryptophan: converts UV to blue light; source of NAD

• eNOS is a cytochrome P450 enzyme:– Highly vulnerable to various environmental toxicants

like mercury, aluminum, glyphosate, etc.

*S. Seneff et al., Entropy 2012, 14, 2492-2530.

Cholesterol and Cholesterol Sulfate

SULFATE

Sulfation makes cholesterol water-soluble and therefore much easier to transport

Heart Disease Mortality and Sunlight*

*Grimes et al., Q. J. Med. 1996; 89:579-589

Swedish Population Study on Sun Exposure*

“We found that all-cause mortality was inversely related to sun exposure habits. The mortality rate amongst avoiders of sun exposure was approximately twofold higher compared with the highest sun exposure group”

*PG Lindqvist et al., Journal of Internal Medicine, 2014, 276; 77–86

Sulfate is Vastly Underappreciated!

• Sulfate is the 4th most abundant anion in the blood and protects it from coagulating

• Detoxifies drugs, food additives, and toxic metals

• Essential component of extracellular matrix proteins throughout the tissues and vasculature

• Cerebroside sulfate is a major constituent of myelin sheaths surrounding axons in neurons

Sulfated Biomolecules*• Sulfated mucopolysaccharides (glycosaminoglycans)• Steroid sulfates• Phenol sulfates• Tyrosine sulfate• Bilirubin sulfate• Arylamine sulfates• Choline sulfate in lichens, fungi and marine algae• Sulfolipids

*IH Goldberg, The sulfolipids. J. Lipi Res. Apr. 1961, 2(2), 103-109.

Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)(also called “Mucopolysaccharides”)

• Prominent in extracellular matrix of all cells

• Amount of sulfate depends on availability

• Crucial for maintaining negative charge and protecting from infection

http://www.science-autism.org/sulphate.htm

Various Factors that Increase Sulfate*An increase of the 35S-sulfate deposit is effected regularly by infections, by injections of toxins and proteins, by hypoxemia, dietetic influence, muscular over-exertion, weather influence and increase of the blood pressure.

SMPS = Sulfated mucopolysaccharides = glycosaminoglycans

*Report by Bernhard Muschlien

First published in the German language in the SANUM-Post magazine (17/ 1991)

SMPS= Sulfated mucopolysaccharides

A HypothesisMany neurological diseases of the brain have a common origin:– Insufficient supply of sulfate to the brain – Enhanced toxic metal exposure (e.g.,

aluminum, mercury) due to impaired ability to detoxify and eliminate them– Toxic metals interfere with

sulfate synthesis– This results in accumulation

of cellular debris, including damaged mitochondria

In Brief…• Heparan sulfate in the lysosomes is critical for

recycling cellular debris – Heparan sulfate deficiency leads to autism

• Pineal gland delivers sulfate to cerebral spinal fluid via melatonin

• Aluminum and mercury disrupt pineal gland• Sunlight deficiency is a contributing factor• Glyphosate works synergistically with aluminum

An Important Role for Sleep

• It has recently been argued that a crucial role for sleep is to clear cellular debris*

• This takes place in the lysosome, which depends upon sulfate in heparan sulfate proteoglycans to protect from free radicals**

*Sleep Drives Metabolite Clearance from the Adult Brain. L Xie et al., Science 342:373-377, 2013**Inhibition by heparin of Fe(II)-catalysed free-radical peroxidation of linolenic acid. M.A. Ross et al., Biochem. J. 1992, 286: 717-720.

The Brain

Pineal Gland

VentriclesLimbic System

Third Ventricle and Pineal GlandThe third ventricle is depleted in heparan sulfate in association with autism in both humans and mice*,**

Heparan sulfate depleted

Pineal Gland

*B.L. Pearson et al., Behav Brain Res. 2013 Apr 15;243:138-45. **F Mercie et al., Neurosci Lett 506, 2012, 208-213.

“Melatonin Enters the Cerebrospinal Fluid through the Pineal Recess”*

• The tip of the third ventricle is encased in the pineal gland

• The pineal gland delivers melatonin sulfate to the third ventricle and it diffuses to all the cerebrospinal fluid

• I propose that a key purpose of melatonin is to deliver sulfate to the neurons at night.

*H. Tricoire et al., Endocrinology 143(1):84–90

Melatonin sulfate

Pineal Gland

Sulfate!!!

“Light-induced 3-O-Sulfotransferase Expression Alters Pineal Heparan Sulfate Fine Structure : A

Surprising Link to Circadian Rhythm”*

• Pineal gland builds up heparan sulfate supplies by day• Melatonin is sulfated in transport at night– Highly lipophilic molecule needs sulfate to make it water-soluble– This allows it to move through the cerebrospinal fluid

• When melatonin is delivered, sulfate is released!

Melatonin is a sulfate-delivery system!!

*B. Kuberan et al., J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 279:5053-5054.

A Really Bad Idea!

Pineal Gland: “Seat of the Soul”

The pineal gland produces melatonin in the evening and transports it as melatonin sulfate to various parts of the brain

The pineal gland produces sulfate by day (responding to light) and stores it in heparan sulfate molecules

REM Sleep Cycle

• Melatonin Induces REM sleep • Alzheimer’s is associated with

reduced REM sleep cycle AND calcified pineal gland*– Pineal gland calcification correlates inversely with

REM sleep**– DHEA SULFATE but not DHEA injections increase

melatonin production in rats***

*R. Mahlberg et al., Neurobiol Aging. 2008 Feb;29(2):203-9**R. Mahlberg et al., Sleep Med. 2009 Apr;10(4):439-45. ***Y. Djeridane et al., Steroids. 2004 May;69(5):343-9.

Sleep Disorder, Aluminum, and the Pineal Gland

• Sleep disorder is linked to many neurological diseases: – Autism, Alzheimer’s, depression, schizophrenia, ALS,

Parkinson’s disease, etc.• Insomnia occurs much more frequently as an adverse

reaction in VAERS to vaccines containing aluminum than to those not containing aluminum (p = 0.0025)

• Pineal gland is heavily perfused and outside of the blood brain barrier– Susceptible to aluminum toxicity

Aluminum & Mercury Autism & PDD & Anxiety

Formula: Al + 1.5 x (Al w/ Hg) + 2.0 x Hg

VAERS database

Aluminum in the Pineal Gland*

*S.B. Lang et al./Bioclectrochemistry and Bioenergetics 41(1996)191—195

A Critical Role for Sunlight*• Hypothesis:– Endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (both

present in the pineal gland) produce sulfate from reduced sulfur sources catalyzed by sunlight

– Sulfate deficiency results when this process is impaired

• Aluminum and retinoic acid, present in high SPF sunscreens, interfere with sulfate synthesis

• Aluminum accumulation in pineal gland would disrupt sulfate supplies to brain

*S. Seneff et al., Entropy 2012, 14, 2492-2530.

We live in the age of aluminum*

*C.A. Shaw and L. Tomljenovic, Immunol. Res. Epub ahead of print, 2013

Aluminum Nanoparticles: Highly Destructive in the Brain*

*L Chen et al., Nanomedicine Feb 2013; 9(2): 212–221.

• Destroyed mitochondria and severely depleted ATP

• Induced autophagy and programmed cell death

• Increased permeability of blood brain barrier

• Were persistent • Far more damaging than larger

sized aluminum particles

Glyphosate and Aluminum: Partners in Crime

• Glyphosate induces pathogens like C. difficile in gut, leading to leaky gut syndrome– C. diff produces p-cresol which promotes

aluminum uptake by cells– p-Cresol is a known biomarker for autism– p-Cresol is an important factor in kidney failure which leads to

aluminum retention in tissues dementia• Glyphosate cages aluminum to promote entry• Glyphosate promotes calcium uptake by voltage-activated

channels– Aluminum gains entry as calcium mimetic

• Aluminum promotes calcium loss from bones pineal gland calcificationMIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

Aluminum Glyphosate*

*M. Purgel et al., Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 103 (2009) 1426–1438

Six different ways two glyphosate molecules can chelate aluminum

ALUMINA

aluminum

Aluminum citrate**

** P. Sianina et al., Clin. Chem. 32/3, 539-541, 1986.

Glyphosate Suppresses Melatonin Synthesis!

• Glyphosate interferes with shikimate pathway in plants and microbes tryptophan depletion*

• Tryptophan is sole precursor to melatonin• Melatonin binds to aluminum, cadmium, copper,

iron and lead, reducing their toxicity**

**J. Limson et al. J. Pineal Res. 1998; 24:15–21.*N. de María et al., J Agric Food Chem 2006, 54, 2621-2628.

Autism, Glyphosate, Vaccine Reactions*

*Collaboration with Nancy Swanson

Glyphosate application to corn and soy, US

# Adverse Reactions in VAERS

Children with Autism, US

MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

*Plot provided by Nancy Swanson, with permissionData sources: autism: US Department of Education; Glyphosate: US Department of Agriculture

R = 0.9972

Autism Prevalence: 6 year olds

Sulfate in Fetal Development*

• Fetus depends on mother for sulfate supply• Sulfate is essential for transporting sterols (like

estrogen and DHEA) and supplying extracellular matrix proteins everywhere with sufficient negative charge

• Sulfate detoxifies xenobiotics like acetaminophen (tylenol) and is essential for excreting toxins like aluminum and mercury

• Sulfate is severely deficient in autistic children (1/3 the normal level of free sulfate in blood stream)

* Dawson, “Sulfate in Fetal Development,” Semin Cell Dev Biol 2011

Autism-like socio-communicative deficits and stereotypies in mice lacking heparan sulfate*

• Experiment with “designer” mice: impaired heparan sulfate synthesis in brain

• Mice exhibited all the classic features of autism – both cognitive and social

* F. Irie et al., PNAS Mar. 27, 2012, 109(13), 5052-5056.

“Heparan sulfate deficiency in autistic postmortem brain tissue from the

subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles”*

*BL Pearson et al., Behav Brain Res. 2013;243:138-45

“Aberrant extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan function localized to the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles may be a biomarker for autism, and potentially involved in the etiology of the disorder.”

“Heparan sulfate deficiency in autistic postmortem brain tissue from the

subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles”*

*BL Pearson et al., Behav Brain Res. 2013;243:138-45

“Aberrant extracellular matrix glycosaminoglycan function localized to the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles may be a biomarker for autism, and potentially involved in the etiology of the disorder.”

New neurons develop from stem cells in this zone through the action of “fractones” composed of

heparan sulfate proteoglycans**

**F. Mercier et al., Neuroscience Letters 506 (2012) 208–213

Vitamin D Prevents Sulfate Wasting*

• Activated vitamin D prevents sulfate wasting from the kidney in urine

• Mice engineered to have defective vitamin D receptors or with vitamin D deficiency had significantly reduced serum sulfate levels

• This was associated with sulfate depletion in the skeleton

*M.J.G. Bolt et al., Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 287: E744 –E749, 2004.

Vitamin D Deficiency Epidemic

Year

Plot derived from hospital discharge data from the CDC


Year

Vitamin D depends on CYP enzymes for activation in the liver and the kidney



Year

Vitamin D protects from sulfate wasting from the kidneys*

*MJG Bolt et al., Am J Physiol - Endocrinology and Metabolism 2004;287(4):E744-E749.



Year

Plot derived from hospital discharge data from the CDC*RH Waring et al., Journal of Nutritional and Environmental Medicine 2000;10(1):25-32.

Autism is associated with vitamin D deficiency, low serum sulfate and high urinary sulfate*

Inflammation and Vitamin D: The Infection Connection*

• The problem appears to be a bottleneck in the production of 25(OH) vitamin D in the liver

D3 25(OH) D3 1,25(OH)2 D3 Liver Kidney• Both steps depend on CYP enzymes• Liver CYPs are destroyed by glyphosate and

aluminum?? 1,25(OH2) D3 >> 25(OH) D3

*M. Mangin et al., Inflamm Res 2014; 63:803-819.

Recent Study from China*

*Z-L Gong et al., NeuroReport 2014, 25:23–27

Seru

m V

itam

in D

Glyphosate: The Central Mechanisms

• Glyphosate acts as an antibiotic to disrupt gut bacteria, leading to overgrowth of pathogens

• Disruption of liver CYP enzymes leads to impaired bile flow and low vitamin D– This disrupts sulfate synthesis and transport– Also impairs detoxification of other toxic chemicals

• Damage to red blood cells leads to anemia and toxicity due to free iron– Hypoxia ensues low grade encephalopathy

• Manganese, aluminum and glutamate become toxic to the brain

This Detoxification Scheme is Essential in Red Blood Cells

Depends on selenium

Inhibited by glyphosate

Depleted by glyphosate

Product of shikimate pathway

Induced by excess folic acid

This Detoxification Scheme is Essential in Red Blood Cells

Depends on selenium

Inhibited by glyphosate

Depleted by glyphosate

Product of shikimate pathway

G6PD Deficiency Leads to Hemolysis and Anemia

Glyphosate also interferes with heme synthesis needed to replenish RBCs

Anemia leads to low oxygen which induces chronic low grade encephalopathy linked to autism

Paper on Glyphosate and ManganesePublished March 24, 2015

Severe Deficiency in Serum Manganese and Cobalt in Cows*

*M. Krüger et al., J Environ Anal Toxicol 2013, 3:5Eight different farms: all cows tested had glyphosate in the urine

Manganese and Autism*• Glyphosate chelates manganese• Manganese disruption leads to:– Disrupted gut bacteria anxiety– Impaired dopamine synthesis thyroid disease– Glutamate and ammonium toxicity in the brain– Mitochondrial damage (impaired Mn-SOD)– Impaired bone development and osteoporosis– Impaired development of perineuronal nets

• Many of these pathologies are associated with autism

*A Samsel and S Seneff, Surg. Neurol. Int. 2015;6:45.

Low Manganese in Teeth Linked to Autism*

• Studied lead, mercury and manganese levels in tooth enamel of shed primary teeth in 84 children

• Manganese accumulated after birth was down by 60% in autistic children

• No other result was statistically significant

*MM Abdullah et al., J Autism Dev Disord. 2012 Jun;42(6):929-36.

Low Manganese in Teeth Linked to Autism*

• Studied lead, mercury and manganese levels in tooth enamel of shed primary teeth in 84 children

• Manganese accumulated after birth was down by 60% in autistic children

• No other result was statistically significant

Other studies have shown low serum manganese and low manganese in urine

samples in association with autism

*MM Abdullah et al., J Autism Dev Disord. 2012 Jun;42(6):929-36.

It’s not just deficiency!

Vagus Nerve

Too much manganese in the brain stem

Too little manganese in the cortex

Bile acids

Balancing the Scales

Autism

Alzheimer’s

ADHD

Parkinson’s

ironmanganese iron

manganese

Glyphosate disrupts the body’s ability to distribute the minerals safely: Everybody walks a tight rope between deficiency and toxicity

Glyphosate & Mitochondria

Pesticides and Neuroinflammatory Response*

*Figure 1 , HR Dhaini, Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, Chapter 14, Springer Berlin Heidelberg., D, Hirokawa N, Windhorst U, Ed. pp.2734-2739

Autism and Mitochondrial Impairment*

• Mitochondrial impairment is a key feature of autism, especially in the brain– Impaired detox of glutamate by astrocytes

(requires manganese)– Excess stimulation of NMDA receptors in neurons

• Glyphosate excites NMDA receptors and prevents glutamate metabolism

*Dayan Goodenowe and Elodie Pastural , Chapter 4.intechopen.com/books/autism-a-neurodevelopmental-journey-from-genes-to-behaviour/the-biochemical-basis-of-autistic-behavior-and-pathology

http://www.intechopen.com/books/autism-a-neurodevelopmental-journey-from-genes-to-behaviour/




Glyphosate and Glutamate*• Acute exposure activates NMDA receptors

and voltage-dependent calcium channels– Oxidative stress and neural cell death– Increased glutamate released into the synaptic

cleft excessive extracellular glutamate levels– Decreased glutathione content– Increased peroxidation of lipids (fats)

• Chronic exposure:– Decreased glutamate uptake and metabolism– Induced calcium uptake– Induced oxidative stress

*http://www.greenmedinfo.com/blog/roundup-weedkiller-brain-damaging-neurotoxin

Mitochondria are Key!

“Damage to mitochondria is now understood to play a role in the pathogenesis of a wide range of

seemingly unrelated disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disease, dementia, Alzheimer's disease,

epilepsy, migraine headaches, strokes, neuropathic pain, Parkinson's disease, ataxia, transient ischemic

attack, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, retinitis

pigmentosa, diabetes, hepatitis C, and primary biliary cirrhosis.”*

*J Neustadt and SR Pieczenik, Molecular Nutrition and Food Research 2008;52:780-788

Mitochondria are Key!

“Damage to mitochondria is now understood to play a role in the pathogenesis of a wide range of

seemingly unrelated disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disease, dementia, Alzheimer's disease,

epilepsy, migraine headaches, strokes, neuropathic pain, Parkinson's disease, ataxia, transient ischemic

attack, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, retinitis

pigmentosa, diabetes, hepatitis C, and primary biliary cirrhosis.”*

*J Neustadt and SR Pieczenik, Molecular Nutrition and Food Research 2008;52:780-788

Many of these conditions are going up in prevalence in step with glyphosate usage

on corn and soy crops

Glyphosate makes manganese unavailable to mitochondria, and they need manganese

to protect them from oxidative damage

Microglia are Crucial for Synaptic Transmission*

• Microglia are the immune cells of the brain• Microglia have their “fingers” on the pulse of

synaptic transmission by neurons• Microglial activation by toxic stimuli provokes

astrocytes to release glutamate which is then metabolized by neurons in the mitochondria in place of sugar

This signals that mitochondrial complex I is sick

*C Bechade et al., Front Cell Neurosci. 2013; 7: 32.

Microglia are Crucial for Synaptic Transmission*

• Microglia are the immune cells of the brain• Microglia have their “fingers” on the pulse of

synaptic transmission by neurons• Microglial activation by toxic stimuli provokes

astrocytes to release glutamate which is then metabolized by neurons in the mitochondria in place of sugar

*C Bechade et al., Front Cell Neurosci. 2013; 7: 32.

Glyphosate interferes with its conversion to glutamine

Glutamate metabolism by mitochondria bypasses Complex I (unlike glucose)

Mechanisms underlying the neurotoxicity induced by glyphosate*

“Taken together, these results demonstrated that Roundup® might lead to excessive extracellular glutamate levels and consequently to glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress in rat hippocampus. “ - quote from abstract

*D Cattani et al., Toxicology 320 (2014) 34–45

Iron is Essential but Toxic

• Glyphosate interferes with heme synthesis – this greatly increases the problem of free iron in the blood

• Fenton reaction leads to hypersensitivity to hydrogen peroxide damage to delicate cellular membrane fatty acids

• “ROS” = reactive oxygen species

Heparin Protects from ROS due to Iron*Free radical production (Fenton reaction):

Fe(II) + 02 + 20H- --> Fe(III)(OH) 2 + 02-

But, in the acidic environment of heparin:4Fe(II) + 02 + 4H+ --> 4Fe(III) + 2H20

superoxide

water

*M.A. Ross et al., Biochem. J. 1992, 286, 717-720.

“Chronic and age-related increases in ROS production will cause mitochondrial damage and dysfunction that perpetuate a catastrophic cycle of cellular injury, further ROS generation, mitochondrial decline, and cell death.”*

.* S.W. Ballinger et al., Circ Res. 2000;86. P. 965

Eventually the Mitochondria Become so Impaired that they can’t produce ATP

• Is this why mycoplasmas come into play??• Mycoplasmas are tiny bacteria without a cell wall• Micoplasmas can produce ATP without CYP enzymes: a

SUPER benefit when CYPs are impacted by toxic chemicals in the environment

Host Cell

Mycoplasma

Mycoplasmas

• Smallest bacteria yet discovered• Can live without oxygen • Can not live outside of a host cell• Generate ATP from arginine

arginine citrulline + ammonia• They have no cytochromes!!! (SAFE)• Associated with gastric cancer, lung cancer, renal cancer,

prostate cancer, colon cancer• Hide inside immune cells and inactivate the vitamin D

receptors!

Mycoplasma: Safe Metabolism to generate ATP for the host cell!!

4

Ammonia!

Sulfate and Histamines

Heparan Sulfate Promotes Histamine Breakdown*

• Intestinal diamine oxidase (DAO) is synthesized in the mature enterocytes of the villus tip and is then transported to the binding sites on the intestinal vasculature.

• Heparin and heparan sulfate induce release of the bound DAO, so that it can break down histamine

• Conclusion: deficiencies in heparan sulfate lead to build-up of histamines!

* L. D'Agostino et al., Biochim Biophys Acta 1989;993(2-3):228-32.

Symptoms Caused by Histamines*

*Figure 1, L. Maintz and N. Novak, Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85:1185–96.

DAO Deficiency Histamine Accumulation*

*www.deficitdao.org/dao-deficiency/#.VRWYtWZGqDc

Summary• Autism and Alzheimer’s disease have reached

epidemic proportions in the Western world– Hypothesis: Both are caused by a severe deficiency in

sulfate supplies to the brain• Pineal gland can synthesize sulfate stimulated by

sunlight and deliver it via melatonin sulfate– Aluminum and glyphosate work synergistically to derail

this process– Sunlight deficiency contributes to the pathology

• Mitochondrial disorder: mycoplasmas and histamines arise from impaired sulfate supplies

sulfate deficiency in neurological disease following aluminum and glyphosate exposure stephanie...

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autism slide

anemia slide

low manganese

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manganese manganese

urine slide

serum vitamin d slide

serum manganese