successful autonomous vehicle design through simulation

1 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc. March 24, 20191

Dr. Steve ReussANSYS Canada Ltd.

Successful Autonomous Vehicle Design Through Simulation

2 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.

585,0008,000,000,000

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We’ve Begun the Autonomous Vehicle Revolution

• Self-Driving Cars and Robo-Taxis

• Drones

• Autonomous Mobile Robots


We are Profoundly Motivated to Pursue Autonomous Vehicles

• Drastic reduction in fatalities

• Global economic impact

• Mobility for the immobile

• Elimination of traffic jams

>585,000 lives saved from 2035 to 2045

$7 TN annual economic impact by 2050

Free >250 M hours of commuting time

Reference: https://newsroom.intel.com/newsroom/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2017/05/passenger-economy.pdf


ConditionalAutomation

HighAutomation

The Path to Fully Autonomous Vehicles

Image (Modified): http://www.gloucestercitynews.net/clearysnotebook/2018/03/autonomous-vehicles-how-will-they-challenge-law-enforcement-by-thomas-j-cowper-mpa-a.html, by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/


Making Autonomous Vehicles a Reality

Full AutomationNo Driver


Autonomous Vehicles

LiDAR and RaDAR for Detection And Ranging

Electronics integrate sensors into vehicle

systems

Cameras add fidelity to objects detected

Image (Modified) : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uber_self_driving_car.jpg, by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Autonomous Vehicle = Vehicle + Hardware



Deep Learning

Autonomous VehiclesAutonomous Vehicle = Vehicle + Hardware + Software

• Signal processing• Control decisions• Relay information to passengers• Actuator inputs• Vehicle and component dynamics


Physical road testing alone is not a solution

Over 8 billion miles of road testing are needed to validate the safety of an autonomous vehicle…

Demonstrating Safety is the Critical Challenge

-Rand Corporation

… drive every road

Every City

Every Province

Every Country

Every Continent

200x

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Autonomous VehiclesHow Can We Demonstrate The Safety of Autonomous Vehicles?

References: https://www.businessinsider.com/waymo-engineer-explains-why-testing-self-driving-cars-virtually-is-critical-2018-8,https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidsilver/2018/07/26/waymo-has-the-most-autonomous-miles-by-a-lot/#7a0f0b627ee5

8M Road Miles9 Years 1 Day

Image (Modified): https://www.google.com/selfdrivingcar/images/car-side.png, by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

8M Simulated Miles


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Autonomous VehiclesWhat Does Autonomous Vehicle Simulation Look Like?

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Autonomous VehiclesWhat Does Autonomous Vehicle Simulation Look Like?

… but how accurate are these simulations?

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Autonomous VehiclesHow is Simulation used in Environment Modeling?

Environment

Traditional RenderingIllumination based on

graphics effects

SimulationLight sources and propagation

fully resolved

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Autonomous VehiclesEnvironment Simulation: Corner Case Analysis

15 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.

Autonomous Vehicles

LiDAR and RaDAR for Detection And Ranging

Electronics integrate sensors into vehicle

systems

Cameras add fidelity to objects detected

Image (Modified) : https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uber_self_driving_car.jpg, by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

How is Simulation Used in Perception Design and Modeling?

Perception


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Live Simulation Examples – It’s about Discovery!

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Autonomous VehiclesLiDAR Simulation: Component Development

Perception

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Autonomous VehiclesLiDAR Simulation: Vehicle Integration

Perception

19 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.

Autonomous VehiclesLiDAR Simulation: Scenario and Corner Case Analysis

Perception

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Radar Integration in Bumper

Autonomous VehiclesRaDAR Simulation: Component Development & Vehicle Integration

Perception

Radar Antenna Array

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Autonomous VehiclesRaDAR Simulation: Scenario and Corner Case Analysis

PerceptionObjects moving

toward AVObjects moving away from AV

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RaDAR Simulation: Scenario and Corner Case Analysis

PerceptionObjects moving

toward AVObjects moving away from AV

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Autonomous VehiclesElectronics Simulation: Reliability is Crucial

Perception

Thermal

• Electronics cooling• Hotspot

identification

Structural

• Board deformations• Vibrations analysis• Delamination• Fatigue

Electrical

• Signal & power integrity• Electromigration• Electrostatic discharge• Electromagnetic emission

30 © 2019 ANSYS, Inc.

Predictions from the Top 11 Global Automakers

GM – Rumors of Self-Driving by 2018

Ford – True Self-Driving by 2021

Honda – Self-Driving on the Highway by 2020Toyota – Self-Driving on the Highway by 2020

Renault-Nissan – 2020 for Autonomous Cars in Urban Conditions, 2025 for Truly Driverless Cars

Volvo – Self-Driving on the Highway by 2021

Hyundai – Highway 2020, Urban Driving 2030

Daimler – Nearly Fully Autonomous by Early 2020’s

Fiat-Chrysler – CEO expects there to be some self driving on the road by 2021

BMW – Fully self-driving possible by 2021

Tesla – End of 2017

Reference: https://emerj.com/ai-adoption-timelines/self-driving-car-timeline-themselves-top-11-automakers/

successful autonomous vehicle design through simulation

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