success story of sehd

8/17/2019 Success story of SEHD

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Introduction

ASA was initially funded by donors, then some small commercial bank loans, then low-cost

loans from a subsidised wholesaler, and finally from client deposits and retained earnings. The

core service has remained the low-value year-long weekly-repayment loan. ASA has not had toundergo large-scale internal re-organisation or training because the basic product and its delivery

have remained largely unchanged. Also, savings from clients are used to provide security against

default by protecting the small loan portfolio, instead of being used in more risky ventures like

raising capital.

Foundation History

The association was established in 19! by "d. Shafi#ual $a#ue %houdhury and a team of

people who were then working for other established &on-'rofit (rgani)ationss but who

themselves were arguing for a more radical way to alleviate the e*ploitation of rural villages

caused by the 191 +angladesh atrocities. The founding framework of ASA was aimed at

empowering rural landless villagers from the bottom up through peoples organi)ations.

These were run by volunteers who advocated that a consciousness for solidarity amongst the

village poor would lead to collective social action. ASA has currently over ./ million members

forming different groups with special emphasis on saving practice and 01, employees

engaged in disbursing and collecting loans and savings deposits.

2or many years, ASA sought to combine social development 3in health, education, nutrition, and

sanitation4 with credit provision, but in 1991, these were abandoned, and ASA shifted its focus

solely to microcredit lending. This was because they wanted to stop 5donor dependence6 and

become specialised and financially self-sufficient. Since then, it has become a fully self-

sufficient microfinance institution 7 operating mainly in +angladesh, but with presence in Africa

and South America.ASA offers financial services to including micro-credit, small business credit,

regular weekly savings, voluntary savings and life insurance 7 and aims to follow a simple,standardised, low-cost system of organisation, management, savings and credit operations.

8t was initially funded by donors, then some small commercial bank loans, then low-cost loans

from a subsidised wholesaler, and finally from client deposits and retained earnings. The core


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service has remained the low-value year-long weekly-repayment loan. ASA has not had to

undergo large-scale internal reorganisation or training because the basic product and its delivery

have remained largely unchanged. Also, savings from clients are used to provide security against

default by protecting the small loan portfolio, instead of being used in more risky ventures like

raising capital.

Microfinancing Model

ASA offers an alternative microfinancing model to that of the rameen +ank. 8n :ecember

0;;, it placed &umber 1 in 2orbes "aga)ines list of the worlds top ; microfinance

institutions.rameen +ank placed &umber 1


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2inancial Self-sufficiency 32SS4 10.;/= and rate of loan recovery 99.


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Organizational Structure

ASA is structured in two distinct tiers? the central office and branch offices in the field. +ridging

the central and branch offices are the :istrict (ffices.


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Branch Composition

ASA is a decentrali)ed institution, each branch acts as its own cost and profit center, which

encourages efficient use of resources. Desponsibility lies on the branch to achieve the most it can

at the least cost possible. A daily revenue stream in the form of loan repayments from clientsallow each branch to disburse loans, buy materials, etc. The branches have the freedom to carry

out all these activities as long as these conform to ASAEs (perations "anual. This manual is one

of the most important facilitators for efficiency in ASA. @ach branch has one +ranch "anager

3+"4, one Assistant +ranch "anager 3A+"4 and 7 < Ioan (fficers 3I(4 on average.@ach I(

is responsible for overseeing between 1! and 0 groups comprising of /


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@ach district has a team of Degional "anagers 3D"s4 headed by a :istrict "anager 3:"4. The

D" looks after !-1; branches on average. The :istrict "anager and Degional "anager operate

from a branch in their own Jurisdiction located in district townKcity with e*tra space to

accommodate themL there is no separate secretariat for :". A district consists of 0;-11

branches. The district office is in a centrally located branch of the district townKcity with an e*tra

desk for each of the :istrict (fficials including the :istrict "anager 3:"4. Degional "anager

3D"4 sit in the different geographically important branches. D"s and :"s always supervise and

monitor all the field level activities. They move from branch to branch on a motorcycle provided

by ASA.

Zone Composition

A )one is composed of 7 < administrative districts and headed by a Monal "anager 3M"4. M"

looks after all kinds of administrative activities and provides necessary directions to hisrespective )one. M" is reportable to the central official assigned for the concerned )one.

Head Office Composition

The 'resident of ASA directs the personnel of different sections, which constitute the central

office including? $uman Desource 3$D4, (peration, 2inance N "anagement 8nformation System

3"8S4 Section, Accounts Section, Audit Section, Desearch and :ocumentation Section and 8T.

+esides the senior officials of $ealth, @ducation, Sanitation, Agribusiness etc programs are

reportable to the 'resident.

Donars

8t was initially funded by donors, then some small commercial bank loans, then low-cost loans

from a subsidised wholesaler, and finally from client deposits and retained earnings.


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rea of Operation

!ational Co"erage

ASA benchmarks itself against its peer "28s in +angladesh on a continual basis 7 this is both to

reorient itself to better serve it clients and to keep itself relevant in the +angladesh development

conte*t. According to the +angladesh "icrofinance Statistics 0;1; published by the %redit and

:evelopment 2orum 3%:24 and 8nstitute of "icrofinance 38n"4 there are / &on-'rofit

(rgani)tion "28s in +angladesh 3including ASA4. ASAEs standing in the sector is as follows?

Serial No. Name of District Name of Thana Number of

Thana

Number o

Branch01 Barguna Sadar,

Patharghata,

Betagi,Amtali,Bamna

05 1

0! Barishal

Sadar

"ournadi,

Babugan#,

$uladi,

Ba%ergan#,

$ehendigan#,

Banari&ara,

'a(ir&ur, )i(la,

Agail#hara

10 *1

0 Bhola Sadar

0+ hala%ati Sadar, -a#a&ur,

Nalchit,

/athalia

0+ !!

05 Patua%hali Sadar,

"alachi&a,

$ir(agan#,

Bau&hal,

0* 0


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/ala&ara,

Dasmina, Dum%i0 Piro#&ur

Sadar

Saru&%ati,

Bhandaria,

$athbaria,

Na(ir&ur,/a%hali,

2ianagar

0* +

Serial No. Name of

District

Name of Thana Number of

Thana

Number o

Branch01 Brahmanbaria Sadar, Sarail,

/asba,

Nasirnagar,

A%haura,

Ashugan#,Nabinagar,

Bancharam&ur

03 5

0! 4hand&ur Sadar,

aridgan#,

)a(igan#,

/achua,

$atlab,

Shahrasti,

)aimchar

0* +

0 4hittagong Patia,

)atha(ari,ati%chhari,

Sat%ania,

6ohagara,

Sita%unda,

Anara,

$irsharai,

!0 105


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-ao(an,

4handanaish,

Boal%hali,

Bansh%hali,

Pahartali,

Patenga,-angunia,

Bae(id7

bostomi,

4handgaon,

)alishahar,

Sandi&,

Ba%alia0+ 4omilla

Sadar

4hauddagram,

Burichang,

Barura,

6a%sam,

Nangal%ot,

)omna,

$uradnagar,

Debidar,

Daud%andi,

Brahman&ara,

4handina,

$eghna,

$onohorgan#,

Titas

15 8

05 4o9,s Ba(ar Sadar,

4ha%aria,

-amu, :%hia,

$ahesh%hali,

/utubdia,

Te%naf, Pe%ua

03 *

0 eni Sadar, ulga(i,

Sonaga(i,

Daganbhuian,

4hhagalnaia,

Parshuram

0 !

0* /hagrachhori /hagrachhari

Sadar,

Dighinala,

$atiranga,

$ahalchhari

0+ 11

03 6a%shmi&ur Sadar, -ai&ur, 05 !


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-amgan#,

-amgati,

/amalnagar08 Noa%hali Sadar,

Begumgan#,

Senbagh,)atia,

4hat%hil,

4om&anigan#,

Sonaimuri,

Subarnachar

03 +3

10 -angamati -angamati,

/a%hali,

/a&tai,

-a#ashthali,

Bagaichhari,

6angadu

0 08

11 Bandarban 05

Serial No. Name of

Districts


Thana

Number o

Branch01 Dha%a $ohammad&ur !+ 110


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, Sa;ar,

Dhamrai,

$ir&ur, Pallabi,

Demra,

6albagh,

/eranigan#,Sabu#bagh,

:ttara, Badda,

Sutra&ur,

/afrul,

Te#gaon,

-amna,

/amrangirchar

, Dohar,

Naabgan#,

Dhanmondi,-am&ura,

4antonment,

"ulshan,

Sham&ur,

/hilgaon0! arid&ur Sadar,

$adhu%hali,

Boalmari,

Sadar&ur,

Nagar%anda,

Bhanga,Alfadanga,

4harbhadrasan

03 5

0 "a(i&ur odeb&ur,

Sree&ur,

/a&asia,

/alia%air,

Tongi, /aligan#

0 5

0+ "o&algan# Sadar,

$u%sud&ur,

/ashiani,

/otali&ara,

Tungi&ara

05 !3

05 /ishoregan# Sadar,

Bhairab,

/uliarchar,

Ba#it&ur,

Pa%undia,

1 *5


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)ossain&ur,

Tarail, /atiadi,

$ithamain,

/arimgan#,

Ni%li,

Astagram,


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Araiha(ar,

Siddhirgan#,

-u&gan#,

atulla1! Narsingdi Sadar, -ai&ur,

Shib&ur,$onohardi,

Belabo, Palash

0 53

1 Netra%ona Sadar,

Purbadhala,

/endua,

Barhatta,

/halia#uri,

$adan,

/alma%anda,

At&ara,

$ohangan#,

Durga&ur

10 53

1+ -a#bari Sadar,

Balia%andi,

Pangsa,

"oalandaghat

0+ 5

15 Shariat&ur Sadar, Naria,

Damuda,

Bhedargan#,

"osairhat,

ha(ira, Palang,Sho%hi&ur

03 0

1 Sher&ur Sadar, Na%la,

Nalitabari,

henaigati,

Sreebardi

05 +

1* Tangail Sadar, "hatail,

$adhu&ur,

"o&al&ur,

$ir(a&ur,

Nagar&ur,

Basail, /alihati,Delduar,

Bhua&ur,

Dhanbari,

Sa%hi&ur

1! 5


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Serial No. Name of

District


Thana

Number o

Branch01 Bagerhat Sadar, 4hitalmari,

/achua, $ongla,

a%irhat, $ollahat,

-am&al, $orrelgan#,

Saran%hola

08 +

0! 4huadanga ibannagar Sadar,

Damurhuda,

Alamdanga

0+ 5

0 essore Sadar, Damurhuda,

Alamdanga,

ibannagar

03 5*

0+ henaidaha Sadar, Shail%u&a,

/aligan#,$ahesh&ur,

)arina%unda,

4ourtchand&ur

0 51

05 /hulna Sadar, Daulat&ur,

Dumuria, -u&sa,

Baitaghata,

Phultala, /ora,

/halish&ur, /han

ahan Ali,

Tero%hada,

Pai%gachha,

Daco&e, Dighalia,

Sonadanga

1+ 53

0 /ushtia Sadar, /umar%hali,

/ho%sa, $ir&ur,

Daulat&ur,

Bheramara

0 +*

0* $agura Sadar,

$ohammad&ur,Sre

e&ur, Shali%ha

0+ !8

03 $eher&ur Sadar, "angni,$u#ib Nagar

0 18

08 Narail Sadar, /alia,

6ohagara, Naragati

0+ !1

10 Sat%hira Sadar, /alaroa,

Debhata, Tala,

Shamnagar,

Assasuni, /aligan#

0*


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Serial No. Name of

District


Thana

Number o

Branch01 Bogra Sadar,

Sher&ur,

/ahaloo,

Du&chanchia,

Sonatala,

Adamdighi,

Dhunat,

"abtali,

Shibgan#,

Nandigram,

Saria%andi,

Shah#an&ur

1! 35

0! o&urhat Sadar,Panchbibi,

/alai,

A%%el&ur,

/hetlal

05 !

0 Naogaon Sadar,

Patnitala,

Niamat&ur,

$anda,

Badalgachhi,

Atrai, Sa&ahar,$ahade;&ur,

Porsha,

Dhamoirhat,

-aninagar

11 *+

0+ Natore Sadar,

Baraigram,

6al&ur,

"urudas&ur,

Singra,

Begati&ara,

Naldanga

0* +5

05 4ha&ai

Naabgan#

Sadar,

"omasta&ur,

Shibgan#,

Nachole,

Bholahat

05 8

0 Pabna Sadar,


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Santhia, Bera,

Atgharia,

4hatmohar,

Bhangura,

arid&ur,

Su#anagar,Atai%ula

0* -a#shahi Paba,

$ohan&ur,

Puthia,

Durga&ur,

4harghat,

Bagha,

Bagmara,

$otihar,

Tanore, Boalia,

-a#&ara,"odag

ari

1! *!

03 Sira#gan# Sadar, -aigan#,

:llah&ara,

Shah#ad&ur,

Bel%uchi,

/a(i&ur,

Tarash,

/amar%handa,

4hauhali,

>naet&ur,Solanga

11 !5


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#arget Mar$ets

The target markets of ASA are the people of rural area and who need of

"icrofinance $ealth %are

Sanitation

@ducation

Agricultural Support

Current pro%ects

ASA is one of the leading microfinance institutions of +angladesh, and the best managed "28 in

the world. The story of ASA had its origin in Tepra, a typical village of rural +angladesh, in

19!. ASA began its initiative to assist the underprivileged segment of the society in attaining

better livelihood and ac#uiring means to escape poverty trap. Since its inception, ASA has been

pursuing utmost its efforts in the cause of the downtrodden and uncared people. "icrofinance is

the core program of ASA with seven million clients across +angladesh currently. +esides, it has

been implementing a number of non-financial programs featuring @ducation, $ealthcare,

Sanitation, $ygiene and Agriculture support services. ASA is an absolutely self-financed

organi)ation and doesnEt take grants or donations of any kind from anywhere at home and

abroad. The organi)ation bears the non-financial program costs from its own resource generated

out of the surplus of microfinance operation.


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MICROFI!!C&: program of ASA is considered the most

efficient model of micro lending in the globe for its specialty in scaling up with sustainability

and steady growth. %urrently, seven million people of +angladesh are deriving benefit from the

"icrofinance program of ASA. +esides, the organi)ation has been e*tending technical assistance

and consultancies for implementing microfinance operation to a number of &(sK"28s around

the world.

H&I#H'(RO)RM*$@AIT$ 'rogram of ASA is rendering

healthcare services to the poor and underprivileged. nder the program, ; 'rimary $ealth

%enters have been established in the comparatively backward areas of the country. Ouite a

number personnel including physicians and nurses are assigned to render healthcare services tothe people. Seven million people are benefiting from the program with primary healthcare,

awareness, physiotherapy etc. services.


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S!I##IO!* 'rogram of ASA is aiming to improve

sanitation facilities of the poor households through providing soft loan and imparting training to

the masons, sanitary entrepreneurs and vendors e#uipping them for developing low-cost and

easy-to-build hygienic sanitary toilets. Thousands of households are being able to build safe

sanitary toilets with the assistance of this program of ASA every year.

&D+C#IO!? 'rogram of ASA is dedicated to prevent dropout

from the primary schools and offer learning assistance to the underprivileged students in coping

with studies. "ainly, kids of preschool, grade-1 and grade-0 are being provided tuition by the

program thus helping them meaningfully in performing better in daily classes and in school

e*ams. About /;;,;;; children are benefiting from this program currently.


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)RIC+,#+R& S+((OR#? 'rogram of ASA initiates #uite a

number of necessary services for increasing agricultural production and overall agricultural

development of the country. Permicompost proJect, :airy farm, 2ish farming, "ushroom

cultivation, 'ower-tiller loan, %onsultancy to the orange cultivators etc. and related activities are

going on under the initiative.

R&MI##!C&* 'rogram was introduced in 0;;! by ASA to

reach foreign remittance service to the kith and kin of +angladeshi migrants in a #uicker and

safer manner. nder the program foreign remittance e#uivalent to several billion taka is being

channeled to the clients each year currently. The remittance service of ASA is e*tended to its

0,< branches across the country.

(erception of Beneficieries

The perception of beneficieries of ASA is positive because they get financial, educational,

agricultural support from the organi)ation.


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Conclusion

2rom the very beginning of the activities ASA has to rely on the donations of different parties but

now the organi)ation is self-sufficient. 8t was initially funded by donors, then some small

commercial bank loans, then low-cost loans from a subsidised wholesaler, and finally from client

deposits and retained earnings. The core service has remained the low-value year-long weekly-

repayment loan. ASA has not had to undergo large-scale internal reorganisation or training

because the basic product and its delivery have remained largely unchanged. Also, savings from

clients are used to provide security against default by protecting the small loan portfolio, instead

of being used in more risky ventures like raising capital.

success story of sehd

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