success stories of nitrogen across two...

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SUCCESS STORIES OF NITROGEN ACROSS TWODECADES OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES

JAN WILLEM ERISMANENRICO DAMMERSJIM GALLOWAYALLEY LEACHALBERT BLEEKER

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

INI – CONFERENCESINI – CONFERENCES

1. 1998 – Noordwijkerhout (The Netherlands)2. 2001 – Washington (USA)3. 2004 – Nanjing (China)4. 2007 – Costa de Sauipe (Brazil)5. 2010 – New Delhi (India)6. 2013 – Kampala (Uganda)7. 2016 – Melbourne (Australia)

1. 1998 – Noordwijkerhout(The Netherlands)

2. 2001 –Washington (USA) 3. 2004 –

Nanjing (China)

4. 2007 –Costa de Sauipe(Brazil)

5. 2010 – New Delhi(India)

6. 2013 – Kampala(Uganda)

7. 2016 –Melbourne(Australia)

2 Earth and Life Sciences/ N success story's2 Earth and Life Sciences/ N success story's2

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam3 Earth and Life Sciences/ N success story's

FOOTPRINTSFOOTPRINTS

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

020406080

100120140160180200

Tota

l N lo

ss in

Kton

Tota

l N lo

ss k

g/ca

p/yr

Conference country

Energy, transportFood consumptionFood processingFood productionTotal N loss

www.initrogen.orgwww.N-Print.org


INCREASING NUMBER OF PEER REVIEWED PUBLICATIONSINCREASING NUMBER OF PEER REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

Publ

icatio

nsEn

viro

nmen

talN

itrog

enpe

ryr

Year of publication

Environmental nitrogen

Agricultural nitrogen


NITROGEN ASSESSMENTSNITROGEN ASSESSMENTS

And manymore …..


TOOLS FOR OUTREACH AND COMMUNICATIONTOOLS FOR OUTREACH AND COMMUNICATION

www.nine-esf.org

www.initrogen.org

www.n-print.org


ORGANISATIONS, NETWORKS AND PROJECTSORGANISATIONS, NETWORKS AND PROJECTS


POLICY RELEVANT INPUTS/OUTPUTPOLICY RELEVANT INPUTS/OUTPUT

?


48% of the global population eat because of fertilizersErisman et al. 2008

GLOBAL TRENDS IN HUMAN POPULATION, NR, CO2 AND GRAIN ANDMEAT PRODUCTIONGLOBAL TRENDS IN HUMAN POPULATION, NR, CO2 AND GRAIN ANDMEAT PRODUCTION


NITROGEN STIMULATES ALL GROWTHNITROGEN STIMULATES ALL GROWTH

David, Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475 - 1564)

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam11

TOO MUCH NITROGEN: IN A CASCADETOO MUCH NITROGEN: IN A CASCADE

Rockström et al. 2009

Galloway et al. 2003

$


2011 NH3 distribution

Van Damme et al. 2014

AMMONIA SATELLITE OBSERVATIONSAMMONIA SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS


EMISSIONS TREND AS AVERAGE RATE PER YEAR FROM 2003 TO 2011EMISSIONS TREND AS AVERAGE RATE PER YEAR FROM 2003 TO 2011


NITROGEN DEPOSITION TRENDS IN RELATION TO C-SEQUESTRATIONAND BIODIVERSITYNITROGEN DEPOSITION TRENDS IN RELATION TO C-SEQUESTRATIONAND BIODIVERSITY

Lamarque et al. 2013

Estimated influence of nitrogen availability on totalcarbon sequestration over the period 1860–2100

Wang and Houlton (2009)Bleeker et al. 2010


N FERTILIZER USE AND NOX EMISSION WITH PER-CAPITA GDPN FERTILIZER USE AND NOX EMISSION WITH PER-CAPITA GDP

Gu et al. submitted


CHANGE IN ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN EMISSIONS IN EUROPECHANGE IN ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN EMISSIONS IN EUROPE

Between 1980 and 2011 EU28 emissions decreased for:NOx by 49%,N2O by 19%NH3 by 18%


EXCEEDANCE OF NUTRIENT CRITICAL LOADS 2000 - 2010EXCEEDANCE OF NUTRIENT CRITICAL LOADS 2000 - 2010

Critical load: “the highest deposition of (…) below which harmful effects inecosystem structure and function do not occur according to present knowledge”

2010 2000


FOOD CHAIN NUE INCREASE OVER YEARS IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIESFOOD CHAIN NUE INCREASE OVER YEARS IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

0005101520253035404550

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

NUEF

C(%

)

Denmark Finland France GermanyGreece Hungary Ireland ItalyNetherlands Poland Portugal SwedenUnited Kingdom

Farm

Total NInputs Consumed

N

Leaching, runoff,volatilization, denitrification

Supplychain

Consumers

Foodwaste

Foodwaste

NLosses:

Food chain NUE = Consumed NN Inputs

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1980 1990 2000 2010

Agric

ultu

ral p

rodu

ctio

n (K

ton)

N fl

ows

to th

e en

viro

nmen

t (Kt

on N

)

Year

N input surface Water

N in manure

NH3 emissions

North sea input

NOx emissions

N2O emissions

N input Agricultural land

Total meat production (Kton)

Total grain production (Kton)

19

SUCCESSFUL OF NITROGEN CONFERENCE IN THE NETHERLANDSSUCCESSFUL OF NITROGEN CONFERENCE IN THE NETHERLANDS


CHANGES IN SPECIES IN THE PERIOD1990-2005 RELATIVE TO1975-1989CHANGES IN SPECIES IN THE PERIOD1990-2005 RELATIVE TO1975-1989

-40 -20 0 20 40

Agricultural area of more than 100 ha

Vascularplants

Breedingbirds

Butterflies

FLORON, SOVON, Van Swaay 2009

- Living Planet Index (WWF)based on 48 species

- Population decreased 40%between 2013 and 1990

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam21

FOUR STRATEGIES TO MORE SUSTAINABILITY FOR N CYCLINGRELATED TO FOOD PRODUCTIONFOUR STRATEGIES TO MORE SUSTAINABILITY FOR N CYCLINGRELATED TO FOOD PRODUCTION

Smart intensification• Resource (land, feed, nutrient)

efficiency• Closing yield gap, reducing

waste

Smart extensification• Higher margins• Less impacts: Animal welfare,

human health, odour,landscape

Smarter diets, healthy lifestyle• Healthier diets• Less animal products• Less waste

Close nutrient cycles• Start with focussing on healthy soils• Within their surroundings (losses, emissions, climate)

Improve soil and Biological Nitrogen Fixation• Improve soil quality and functioning• Increasing BNF in agriculture• Crop rotations

Van Grinsven et al. 2015Erisman et al. 2016

Thank you for your attention

[email protected]

success stories of nitrogen across two...

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