What kind of city do we build? What kind of city do we want to build?

Re-viewing three different urban developments in metropolitan areas

Oscar Bragos, ArgentinaTeam:

Agata Hinca, Piotr Smolnicki, Beata Tranda, Anna Wilde,

Anna Wolska, Karolina ZajączkowskaWith cooperation of:

Agustina Rostán, Federico Sileo, Germán Hein, Mauro Livolti

from Rosario National University

The condition of our cities

● What kind of city are we building?● What kind of city do we want to build?● Sustainability● Metropolitan area

Are our cities sustainable?

What is the condition of today cities?

Sustainability

“development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”

“Our common future” (Brundtland Report), United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) w1987

Sustainability in urban development

means rational, effective and economical resource management. Resource such as land, water energy, but also socio-economic conditions.

Sustainability in urban development

● an efficient use of resource land and of energy ● mixed functions ● optimization of traffic (waste of energy)● urban and natural landscape, aesthetics● public spaces and green areas

● rational urban extension, urban growth management

● rational mobility

○ car traffic

○ public transport

● socio-economic conditions● water supply system, reusing

● waste segregation / renewable energy

Study Cases

● MAPA ŚWIATA

Study Cases

Metropolitan area of Tri-City Metropolitan area of Rosario Metropolitan area of Stockholm

● Osowa, Gdansk, Poland● Roldan, Rosario, Argentina● Hammarby Sjostad, Stockholm, Sweden

Osowa, Gdansk, Poland

Why Osowa?

● Dynamic and developing district of Gdańsk

area: 13,4 km2 (6,4 km2)

population: 15 000 inhabitants

density: low density / extensive urbanism

● Location between three cities of Tri-City● Communication hub

Gdansk

Sopot

Gdynia

Wejherowo

Pruszcz Gdaski

In 70-ties and 80-ties Osowa was developed by housing cooperatives.

Osowa

history/urban extension

In 90-ties there is housing boom in Osowa. (single family)

In 90-ties and beginnings of XXI - shopping malls, trade centres multifamily houses built by private developers

Urban Tissues “lubie w osowej niska zabudowe jednorodzina. Niestety w ostatnich latach coraz wiecej powstaje osiedli wielorodzinych, ktore psuja kameralny charakter Osowej.”

Local plans - covering

“Brak przemyślanego planowania przestrzennego. W południowej części dzielnicy; mamy uciążliwy przemysł na styku z zabudową mieszkaniową. W starszej części Osowej również brakuje ładu przestrzennego. [...] Zabudowa jest chaotyczna.Plany miejscowe powstają w oparciu o potrzeby konkretnych deweloperów, bez wizji całości osiedla.”

Functional scheme ● mainly residential ● green areas in surroundings, but

very few inside estates ● no cultural service● no public “centre”

Mobility

Car traffic

TRAFFIC

Public transport

POMERANIAN METROPOLITAN RAILWAY LINE

“Przystanek Kielnienska jest bardzo potrzebny.”

Public spaces and green areas

general urban landscape

- lack of a clear center - sclerosis and undeveloped green spaces - lack of continuity of green spaces- promenade as a place with great potential but with no connections to the rest of the district - undeveloped waterfront lake

Landscape

Agata, wybierz zdjecia, ok,? Jesli masz czas. Tak podobnie jak w Rosario, takie paski ze zdjeciami. Ładnie to wygala.

Survey of Osowa

● 166 people from Osowa● The survey almost reflects the

demographic structure in Osowa● 70 question survey with 173 answers● The survey was prepared with the

participation of residents from Osowa

● Example polls:○ quality of life○ quality of life changes○ influence of Osowa being a

district of Gdansk (not an independent town)

○ the identity of Osowa citizens

quality of life

change of quality of life

influence of Osowa being Gdansk district

Survey of Osowa

What lacks in Osowa?

What do you like in Osowa?

Cooperation with students from Rosario National University

Agustina Rostán Federico Sileo Germán HeinMauro Livolti

Roldan, Rosario, Argentina

Agriculture centres with areas for weekend house

Residential centres

Roldan, Rosario, Argentina

Railroad → from second half of 19th century to 80’s Rosario – Cordoba highway → middle of the 90's

Transportation

Urban Growth

Dreamland - Urban Growth

Landscape

● Single - family housing

● Young couples of medium incomes

● Wide-open spaces

● Low density

Landscape

Land Uses

Public Services

Schools● Primary Schools● Secondary School

Health Care● Hospital with very limited care services

Free time● Sport facilities → soccer fields, football and tennis schools

(no one of them is free)

Access to public services do not satisfy the increasing demand

Current Built up

FutureBuilt up

Future of Dreamland in Numbers

15 000 more inhabitants 5 000 more cars

Future of Roldan

No plans!!!

No cooperation between Roldan and metropolitan area

Metropolitan Planning Authority has not been recognized by a provincial law yet

Hammarby Sjöstad, Stockholm, Sweden

“Wzorem jest dla mnie Hammarby gdzie konsekwencja planistyczna jest widoczna” Mieszkaniec Osowy

Population: 17 000Area: 130 haDensity: 131 persons/ha

Urbanisation

Mobility

Objectives for 2015: 80% of travelling by using public transport; 25% electric

/ biogas vehicles.

Results: fast, attractive public transport – tramway, ferry,

combined with cycling paths, car sharing system, ensuring numerous bicycle parking places.

Mode share for all trips

Car 21%

Public transport 52%

Bicycle/walking 27%

Public spaces

Hammarby Sjostad Parteren

wooden piers through wharf

Environment

Water, energy, contamination

Objectives for 2015:

90% reduction of landfill waste and 40% reduction of all waste produced.

Results:

thoroughly sorted in practical systems, with material and energy recycling maximised wherever possible.

Waste

Key successes at Hammarby

● The city's authorities were proactive in their efforts to meet predicted population increases in Stockholm.

● The whole development in Hammarby Sjöstad was designed as a comprehensive infrastructure project.

● Using life-cycle cost analysis in planning decisions helped to justify the added cost of higher environmental design standards.

● The city authorities set high targets for the projects and used these to galvanise their project partners. They took a strong line overseeing the project from conception to construction.

SummaryOsowa Roldan Hammarby Sjöstad

Number of inhabitants almost 15 000 inhabitants almost 15 000 inhabitants almost 17 000 inhabitants

Area 13,4 km2 (6,4 km2) 5,4 km 2 1,3 km 2

Urban Extension In 80ties planned. lack of continuity of urban growth, chaotic

Urban sprawl - endless sprawl

Good planned

Public Spaces and green areas

Not enough,streets in bad conditions

Not enough Good planned, enough

Environment, natural landscape

Good condition Good condition Good condition

SummaryOsowa Roldan Hammarby Sjöstad

City management Limited planning tools, lack of vision , poor cooperation between city authorities and citizens of Osowa

Limited planning tools, there is no project to guide urban growth

Social conditions rather wealthy and middle class estates, new estates

New estates are socially homogeneous (middle class). The population of the town is mainly middle class)

Mobility Only by car, roads mostly in bad condition, public transportation almost doesn’t exist

Here is no metropolitan transportation planThere is a very bad bus service.Mostly by car through highway to Rosario

fast, attractive public transport, 80% of travelling by using public transport

● rational urban extension, urban planning

● mixed functions, variety

● rational mobility

○ car traffic

○ public transport

● public spaces and green areas

● water supply system, reusing

● waste segregation / renewable energy

● urban and natural landscape, aesthetics

Summary

What kind of city do we build?

1. We build cities without a vision!Because we cannot stop the process of suburbanisation, we can only control it. We can predict, to some extent, what can happen and avoid future complications

2. We build cities with very poor social consultations.

3. Districts like Osowa and Roldan should have more possibilities of development.

Summary

What kind of city do we want to build?● For people, not for cars● For inhabitants, not for developers● Planned urban development, with rational urban

extension● sustainable● With large number of public spaces and green areas● With racional mobility, good public transport● With mixed functions with basic services provided