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7/30/2019 Substructure & Foundation

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l Qryayri x`e qy||er `i xikh` em `i y||ir qryayrijgb j||nkib nejbq3 `i meygbjkeg (k'i' meekgh % |knkgh.

|kni aj|+'

l R`i nexiq |jr em j qryayri x`ka` rjgqfkq `i nejb em `i qryayri e `i qekn er reac n{kgh ygbirgij`'

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R{|iq em meygbjkeg kganybi meekghq. |kniq jgb |kirq'

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l Re bkqrkoyi nejbq em `i qryayri e}ir j njrhi oijrkgh jrijqe jq e orkgh kgigqk{ em nejbkgh xk`kg `i qjmi oijrkgh

aj|jak{ em `i qekn n{kgh ygbirgij`'

l Re nejb `i oijrkgh qyrmjai j j ygkmerf rji qe jq e |ri}igygizyjn qinifig'

l Re |ri}ig `i njirjn fe}ifig em `i qy||erkgh fjirkjn'

l Re qiayri `i ni}in jgb mkrf oib mer oyknbkgh e|irjkegq'

l Re kgarijqi `i qjoknk{ em `i qryayri jq j x`eni'

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l R{|iq jgb kgigqk{ em nejbq jakgh eg }jrkeyq |jrq em `iqryayri x`ka` fj{ oi nk}i nejb. xkgb nejb. qgex

nejb. ia'

l Gjyri jgb oijrkgh aj|jak{ em `i qekn eg x`ka` `i qryayribkrian{ riqq'

l Bimerfjkeg em qeknq ajyqkgh o{ jg kf|eqib nejb

l ]enyfi a`jghiq em qekn ajyqi o{ qijqegjn aegbkkegq'

l Fjqq fe}ifigq em hreygb kg jg ygqjoni jrijq'

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l Meygbjkegq ajg oi aegqkbirib ygbir xe hrey|q4

Q`jnnex MeygbjkegqBii| Meygbjkegq

l Q`jnnex Meygbjkegq

& Q|rijb Meygbjkegq % Meekghq\jb L Kqenjib Meygbjkegq. . Qrk|

Meygbjkegq jgb aefokgi oe`

& _jm Meygbjkegl Bii| Meygbjkegq

& \kni. \kir jgb Ajkqqegq

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Q`jnnex meygbjkegq jri`eqi meygbib gijr e `imkgkq`ib hreygb qyrmjai3higirjnn{ x`iri `i meygbkgh

bi|` kq niqq `jg `ixkb` em `i meekgh jgb niqq`jg 1f

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Bii| meygbjkegq jribrk}ig kge `i hreygb'R`i{ jri yqyjnn{ yqib kg

xjir aegqryakegq jgb|eer qekn `j kq e||eqibe `ij}{ nejbq `j jg{e`ir meygbjkeg {|iqajg `jgbni' Meygbjkegq

|kni ajg oi fjbi ey em kfoir. qiin. rikgmeraibaegarii jgb |riajqaegarii

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l R`i |rkgak|jn {|iq em _A Meygbjkeg mer oyknbkghq jri 4

:' Qrk| Meygbjkeg

?' \jb L Kqenjib Meygbjkeg

1' _jm Meygbjkeg

2 Aefokgjkeg em :. 2' ? jgb 1

9' \knib Meygbjkeg

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l Qrk| meygbjkegq jri yqib e qy||er j nkgi em nejbq . ik`irbyi e j nejb&oijrkgh xjnn. er km j nkgi em aenyfgq giib

qy||erkgh x`iri aenyfg |eqkkegq jri qe aneqi `jkgbk}kbyjn |jb meygbjkegq xeynb oi kgj||re|rkji'

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l \jb meygbjkegq jri yqib eqy||er jg kgbk}kbyjn |ekgnejb qya` jq `j byi e j

qryayrjn aenyfg' R`i{fj{ oi akraynjr. qzyjri erriajghynjr' R`i{ yqyjnn{aegqkq em j oneac er qnjo em ygkmerf `kacgiqq. oy `i{

fj{ oi qi||ib er `yga`ibkm `i{ jri rizykrib eq|rijb `i nejb mref j`ij}{ aenyfg' \jb

meygbjkegq jri yqyjnn{q`jnnex. oy bii| |jbmeygbjkegq ajg jnqe oiyqib'

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  _jm meygbjkegq jri

yqib e q|rijb `inejb mref j qryayrie}ir j njrhi jrij.gerfjnn{ `i igkri

jrij em `i qryayri'

  x`iri `i hreygbaegbkkegq jri }ir{|eer jgb oijrkgh

|exir em `i qekn kqnex `j `i kgbk}kbyjnq|rijb meekgh ajggeoi |re}kbib'

  R`i x`eni jrij kq byh j j q|iakmkib bi|`' R`i oibkq aef|jaib. `ig j nj{ir em aegarii er nijg aegarii kq njkb e j qykjoni`kacgiqq e ja jq j oeef ae}ir' Jmir `kq. rikgmeraifigq jri njkb jq kgmkhyri' R`ig `i aifig aegarii (:4?42+ kq njkb jgb aef|jaib e `i

rizykrib `kacgiqq' R`i aegarii qnjo qe njkb kq `ig |re|irn{ ayrib'

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R`i meygbjkegq aegqryaiboinex hreygb ni}in xk`

qefi jrrjghifigq qya` jq|kniq. xinnq. ia' j `ikr ojqijri ajnnib bii| meygbjkegq'

Bii| meygbjkegq jrianjqqkmkib kge `i mennexkgh{|iq4

‑ \kni meygbjkeg‑ Xinn meygbjkeg‑ Ajkqqeg meygbjkeg

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\kni meygbjkeg kq qykjoni ygbir `i mennexkgh qkyjkegq 4  X`ig `i qekn kq }ir{ qem jgb qenkb oib kq ge j}jknjoni j j

rijqegjoni bi|` e cii| `i oijrkgh |exir xk`kg qjmi nkfkq' 

X`ig |re}kqkeg em |jb jgb rjm meygbjkegq oiaefiq }ir{ip|igqk}i'  X`ig `i qryayri ajrrkiq `ij}{ aegaigrjib nejbq kkk' nejbq'  X`ig k kq giaiqqjr{ e aegqrya j oyknbkgh jnegh `i qij&q`eri

er rk}ir oib'

\kniq jri higirjnn{ anjqqkmkib kge xe ajiherkiq 4. i'h oijrkgh |kniq. mrkakeg |kniq. mrkakeg&

ayfoijrkgh |kniq. ojir |kniq. hykbi |kniq. q`ii |kniq. ia

?' . i'h kfoir|kniq. aegarii |kniq. qjgb |kniq. qiin |kniq. ia'

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Qryayriq |njai eg e| em `i

|kniq'\kniq # \kni Aj| 6 \kni meygbjkeg

Mygakeg 4 Bkqrkoyiq nejb e `ikgbk}kbyjn |kniq'

& \kni Aj| xknn aeggia `i |kniehi`ir jgb bkqrkoyiq `iqy|irqryayri nejbq e `i nj{iroigij`'

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\kni Aj|

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& Igb oijrkgh |kniq jri `eqi x`ka` irfkgji kg `jrb.rinjk}in{ kf|igirjoni fjirkjn qya` jq reac er }ir{ bigqiqjgb jgb hrj}in'

& R`iqi |kniq rjgqmir `ikr nejb eg e j mkrf qrjyf

& R`i |kni oi`j}iq jq jg erbkgjr{ aenyfg jgb q`eynb oi

biqkhgib jq qya`

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  R`i |kniq fjbi em xeeb. q`eynb oi mrii mref bimiaq.biaj{. jgb k q`eynb oi xinn qijqegib'

  R`i |kniq ajg oi akraynjr er qzyjri kg areqq&qiakeg' Re|em `iqi |kniq kq |re}kbib xk` jg kreg rkgh e |ri}ig kmref q|nkkgh ygbir onexq em `jffir'

  R`i oeef kq mkib xk` jg kreg q`ei e mjaknkji qkgckghem |kniq'

  R`iqi |kniq jri brk}ig o{ onexq em `jffir em j |kni

brk}kgh fja`kgi'

  Yqib mer oyknbkghq. orkbhiq jgb aemmirbjfq oy kq geriaeffigbib e oi yqib kg qij xjir'

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