Subjects, Predicates, and Sentences

Unit 8

Kinds of Sentences

A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. There are 4 kinds of sentences

• Declarative sentences• Interrogative sentences• Exclamatory sentences• Imperative sentences

Declarative Sentences

A declarative sentence makes a statement or tells something. It ends with a period.

• Stephanie loves the book Divergent.• I teach at Walter Hill School.• I drive a white car.

Interrogative Sentences

An interrogative sentence asks something. It ends with a question mark.

• Have you seen the new Lego movie?• What is your favorite sport?• Are you planning on joining the band?

Exclamatory Sentences

An exclamatory sentence shows strong feeling. It ends with an exclamation point.

• What fun we’ll have in Language Arts class!• He hit a homerun!• Wow, your new outfit is awesome!

Imperative Sentences

An imperative sentence commands someone to do something. It usually ends with a period.

• Tell me about your day.• Take out the trash.• Be on your best behavior.

Sentences and Sentence Fragments

Every sentence has two parts; a subject and a predicate. A sentence with one subject and one predicate is known as a simple sentence.

A sentence fragment does not express a complete thought. It may be missing a subject, a predicate or both.

Sentences and Sentence Fragments

Paul Revere.

The sentence lacks a predicate.

What did Paul Revere do?

Worked for Paul Revere.

The sentence lacks a subject.

Who worked for Paul Revere?

About history.

The fragment lacks both a subject and a predicate.

YOU understood subject

In requests and commands, the subject is usually not stated. The word you is understood to be the subject.

Do your homework tonight.

Subject = You

Subjects and Predicates

The complete subject includes all the words in the subject of a sentence.

The complete predicate includes all the words in the predicate of the sentence.

My favorite subject is Language Arts.

Subjects and Predicates

The simple subject is the main word or group of words in the complete subject.

The simple predicate is the main word or group of words in the complete predicate. It is always the verb (action word).

My sister read a book.

Compound Subjects and Compound Predicates

A compound subject has two or more subjects that have the same predicate. The subjects are joined by and, or, or but.

Many painters and sculptors lead colorful lives.

Compound Subjects and Compound Predicates

A compound predicate has two or more verbs that have the same subject. The verbs are joined by and, or, or but.

Juan lived in Spain and studied painting.

Compound Subjects and Compound Predicates

Some sentences have both a compound subject and a compound predicate.

Steve and his family were poor but worked hard.

Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences

A run-on sentence is two or more sentences incorrectly written as one sentence. Notice the way run-on sentences may be corrected.

Nat boarded the ship the crowd waved.

Nat boarded the ship . The crowd waved.

Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences

Trish danced on stage, the crowd applauded.

Trish danced on stage; the crowd applauded.

Trish danced on stage, and the crowd applauded.

Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences

A main clause is a sentence that can stand alone.

A subordinate clause cannot stand alone as a sentence.

Nat’s adventures will thrill all, who read about them

Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences

A compound sentence is a sentence that contains two or more simple sentences. Each simple sentence is called a main clause.

A clause is a group of words containing a subject and a predicate.

David boarded the ship, and the crowd waved.

Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences

A complex sentence is a sentence that has one main clause and one or more subordinate clauses.

The captain spoke to David, who had boarded the ship.