SUBJECT - SOCIAL STUDY

STD - IV

LESSON - 8 (AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRIES)

Answer these questions:

Q1. Write the name of two food crops and two cash crops.

Ans. Food crops - Rice and wheat.

Cash crops - Sugarcane and Cotton.

Q2. Which type of industry uses larger machines?

Ans. Large scale industry uses larger machines. eg : iron and steel industry, oil and natural gas

industry.

Q3. Give two examples of industries that get raw materials from farm.

Ans. Cotton textile industries and sugar industries get their raw materials from farms.

Q4. What is the main raw material needed for producing good quality paper?

Ans. Wood is the raw material needed for producing good quality paper.

Q5. Name two important industries of our country.

Ans. Textile industries, pharmaceutical industries and cotton industries are the important

industries of our country.

Q6. Name four things made of iron or steel that we use in the house.

Ans. Utensils, furniture, lock and key are some important things made up of iron and steel that

we use in the house.

Q7. What is the difference between food crops and cash crops?

Ans. Food crops- Crops that provide food for us are called food crops. Eg-rice and wheat.

Cash crops - Crops that are grown for commercial purpose and provide raw materials for

industries, are called cash crops. Example: sugarcane, cotton, tea & coffee.

Q8. What kind of soil and climate are good for growing rice? Name two states where rice is

grown.

Ans. Rice grows well in warm and wet areas that have alluvial soil. Tamil Nadu, West Bengal

and Andhra Pradesh, Bihar and Assam are the largest producers of rice in India.

Q9. What is a cottage industry? Give an example.

Ans. A cottage industry is an industry that needs simple machines, very few workers and can

be run from home with only a little money. Example - handicraft and pottery.

Q10. Name two centres of textile industry in India. Are they close to cotton growing areas?

Ans. Gujarat and Maharashtra are the two centres of textile industries.

Yes, these areas are very close to cotton growing areas where black

soil is found, that is good for growing cotton and hence they grow a lot of cotton.

Q11. Jowar and bajra are important crops in Rajasthan, why?

Ans. Rajasthan receives less of rainfall and jowar and bajra do not need much of water to

grow. So, these are important crops of Rajasthan.

Q12. List three reasons why we need industries.

Ans. We need industries because:

i). They convert raw materials into finished goods.

ii). Industries provide jobs for the people.

iii) A country earns money by exporting industrial products and increase its wealth.

Extra work:

Q12. Why is iron and steel industry is called the basic industry?

Ans. Iron and steel industry is called the basic industry because this industry produces mother

machines for other industries and, all industries whether heavy or small depend on it for their

machineries. It’s the mother machines that manufacture other machines.

Q13. What are the important handicrafts of these States-Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, West

Bengal, Rajasthan & Assam?

Ans .1. Bihar - Madhubani painting, Soojni work.

2. Himachal Pradesh - Wood carving, Shawl weaving.

3. West Bengal - Kantha work.

4. Rajasthan - Blue pottery and bandhage.

5. Assam - Bamboo work.

Q14. Look at the map (page 43, book) and name two states that grow tea and two states that

grow sugarcane.

Ans. Tea - Asom and West Bengal.

Sugarcane - Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra.

Fill in the blanks:

1. The most important food crops are_____(rice and wheat)

2. ___&___are cash crops. (rubber &tea)

3. North-eastern India has many ____ gardens. (tea)

4. Industries that use raw materials from farms are_____ (agro based)

5. The _____industry is a large scale, mineral-based industry. (iron and steel)

6. Embroidery is a type of _____industry. (cottage)