Su bject Index

academic skills 268 active listening 240 acute schizophrenia 387 adaptive behavior 268 adaptive functioning 266 adherence 115, 119 adjunct treatment 385 administrators 91 affect perception 58 alcoholism 83 alertness 271 amenity 181 analysis

by attention to content of care 302 by intention to treat 301 see also applied behavior -behavioral -factor -

anomalous experiences 359, 363 antecedent control 269 anticholinergic agents 259 antipsychotic medication 31,211 anxiety disorders in schizophrenia 375 applied behavior analysis 269 appraisal of psychosis 360 approach coping 33 arborization of dendrites and axons 271 Assertive Community Mental Health

Treatment group (ACT) 293 Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)

298 Assertive Community Treatment Teams

310 assessment 300

strategies 148 "at risk" mental state 322

attention attitude

259,265,270,271,344 126

attribution 115 atypical antipsychotic drugs 126, 254,

259,268 atypical neuroleptic medication 68, 73 atypical neuroleptics 320, 382 auditory event-related potential 336 auditory hallucinations 367,370,371,372 Australian National Survey of Mental

Health and Wellbeing 310 Australian Study of Low Prevalence

(Psychotic) Disorders (ASLPPD) 322

avoidance coping 30, 33 avoidance/denial coping behavior 32 awareness 115, 117

Basic Conversation Skills 264 Baum test 9 befriending 387 behavior 272

in the treatment 57 see also adaptive -avoidance/denial coping­coping -impaired verbal regulation of -nonverbal-on-task -paralinguistic -problem-focused, approach coping­social-verbal-

behavioral analysis 384 behavioral shaping procedures 263

393

394 Subject Index

belief formation 361 best social and emotional environment

171 between the gain and the duration of

illness 190 bifurcation 5 bio-psycho-social conception 3 bipolar disorders 116,317 body weight 141 brain 272

plasticity 270 brief interventions 86 Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS)

105, 115, 116, 149 Broca's language area 271 burden 282 burnout 235

calm phase 5 Camberwell Family Interview 94, 148 cancellation test 21 care 168

see also community­day­home-based -individual -in-patient -psychiatric community -routine -self- -

carer 273 -based stress management 151

cascade model 90 case management 181,198,234,309 case manager 306 category fluency test 42 cell membrane 269 cerebellar 269 cerebrovascular accidents 270 characteristics of psychiatric inpatients

197 Charing Cross Disability and Distress

Scales 156 chemical messengers 269 child abuse 83 chronic schizophrenia 384 client outcomes 313 client retention 325 clinical care effectiveness 303 Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) Scale

126, 156

clinical pathways 326 Clinical Psychology Research Group in

Manchester 382 clinicians 168,273 clozapine 126,133,141,259,314 coaching 265 cognition 268, 280 Cognitive Adaptive Training 265 cognitive-behavioral family treatment

232 cognitive-behavioral strategies 147, 233,

236 cognitive-behavioral therapy 67,153,155,

204,212,233-235,352,382 cognitive deficits 75, 154,257 cognitive flexibility 266 cognitive functioning 55,69,73, 75,349 cognitive impairments 264, 340, 344,

350 cognitive model 356, 358 cognitive processes 362, 363 cognitive rehabilitation 13,280 cognitive remediation 254,273 cognitive skills 265 cognitive therapy 367 collaboration 168 comforting 241 communication 271

training 235 community

care 213 functioning 75 resources 223 workshops 206

community-based 246, 250, 252 assessments 148 intensive treatment 154 mental health centers 244 servites 155

Community Health Record 286 Community Mental Health Centers 285 Community Re-Entry Program 187,188 Community Resource Inventory 156 comorbid substance abuse 321 comorbidity 323 companioning 241 compensate for the cognitive deficits 259 compensatory strategies 264 compensatory systems 270 competitive employment 346 competitive work 268, 349 compliance therapy 119 complimenting 240

comprehensive psychosocial and vocational rehabilitation 260

computer technology 270 computer-aided tool-kit 302,304 computer-assisted training 260 concept formation 266 Conrad 112 constraint-induced therapy 270 constructive coaching 152 consumer (patient) 165-169,273

centered 101 collaboration 313 feedback 323 -oriented 257 participation 309, 323 satisfaction 305

contingent reinforcement 260 Continuous Performance Test (CPT) 336 conversation skills 263 coping 29, 34

behaviors 30,33 responses 29 strategies 118, 384

Coping Strategy Enhancement 385 corpus collosum 271 cost-effectiveness 292 cotherapist 91 course 225, 303 CPS-50 149 crisis management 293 criteria for discharge from a psychiatric

hospital 187 Critical Comments (CC) 104 critical incidents 317 cultural background 98 cultural influences 118 Current Psychiatric Status 50 286 customer centered 180

damaged neural circuits 269 David's scale 116 day care 141,218,232

centers 178 day hospital 208-211,232 day treatment 204, 207

centers 236 programs 232,235

days in the community 192 decision-making settings 305 decline in the knowledge test scores 190 degenerative brain disease 147 degree of randomness 8

Subject Index 395

deinstitutionalization 177 delivery systems 307 delusions 111,356,367,384 depot 125

drugs 149 neuroleptics 317

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale 315

depressive neurosis 83, 84 design fluency 22 detection 291 development history 357 dextro-amphetamine 260 difficult to implement what they had

learned 288 disability 205 Disability Assessment Scale II 286 disablement 205 discharge 179

policy for long-stay patients 198 rates 192

disorganization 51 disseminate 389 distress 361 divergent thinking 26, 45 domains of outcomes 304 donepezil 260 dorsolateral prefrontal lobe functioning

263 Drake 153 drowsiness 130 Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI) 126 drug compliance 125 drug treatment 5 DS-CPT 338 dual diagnosis 388 duration of untreated psychosis 279 dynamic outreporting 304

early detection 292 early information processing 338 early intervention 279,291 early psychosis intervention 309 early recognition 291 eating disorders 83 economic conditions 222 ECT 166 education 87

and training program 171 educational and vocational functioning

257 effect sizes 67,69,70

396 Subject Index

effective settings 298 effectiveness trials 383 efficacy trials 383 eight techniques 238 electroconvulsive therapy 260 electronic communication devices 266 emotion 261

-based coping 30 perception 268, 270

Emotional Over involvement (EOI) 104 emotional response 272 emotional vulnerability 362 employment readiness 204 employment specialist 266 employment status 322 empowerment 102, 172, 173 engagement 88, 170

procedures 312 enriched stimulation 271 entry-level job tasks 263 entry-level jobs 263 environment 27l, 272, 383 epidemiological studies 224 EPI-INFO 156 equal partnership 169 ERP task 337 error-free learning 154 errorless learning 254, 262, 269

of neurocognitive functions and work skills 262

evaluation 309 procedures 315

evidence-based mental health 306 evidence-based methods 273 evidence-based treatment strategies

283 exacerbations of psychosis 267 excitation and inhibition 269 executive functioning 259, 384 executive functions 265, 270, 344 expectations 88 experience 272 Experience of Caregiving Inventory 315 experiential knowledge 172, 173 explanation of the patient's diagnosis

202 Expressed Emotion (EE) 83,94,101, 103,

148,226,257,293,383 extrapyramidal symptoms 139

facial affect perception 56 facial expressions 261

factor analysis 336 family

-based treatments in schizophrenia 284

carers 168, 169 distress 97 education 166 interventions 314, 382 psychoeducational integrated

intervention 286 support organizations 170, 173

FAS 354 fidelity 266 Fidelity Scales 199 file audit 317 financial 206 first -order stories 48, 49 Five-Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) 94 floor plan 183 fluency test 22, 42, 46, 51 follow-up 5,225,386 formation of new neurotransmitter

receptor sites 27l frequency and duration of

institutionalization 244 frontal lobes 14,16,117,272 functional hallucination 370 functioning

see adaptive -cognitive -community-dorsolateral prefrontal lobe -educational and vocational -executive -general cognitive -global social -neurocognitive -social-social and role -social and vocational -ward-

gastrointestinal symptoms 130 general cognitive functioning 354 General Health Questionnaire 97 General Hospital Psychiatric Wards

285 generalization 265, 273 genetic endowments 257 genetic markers 255 gestalt construction 12

gestalt formation 12 Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)

126,340 Global Carer Stress Scale 156 global social functioning 340 goal-oriented strategy 151 good outcome 295 gradual exposure 378 grief 88 group activity 208, 212 group out-reports 303 guide for clients and their families 367 guided instruction 263

hallucinations Ill, 118, 356, 359, 384 handicap 205 Health of the Nation Outcome Scales

315 hemiparesis 270 hemiplegia 270 heterosexual relationships 142 high-EE 86 highly distractible 263 home-based care 147 home-based crisis management 154 homework exercises 265 hoping 241 hospital-based 248 hospitalization 257

rates l37 hospitalized patients 178

Idea Fluency Test 20, 42, 45 ILO 207 imitative learning 265 impaired verbal regulation (IVR) 17

of behavior l3, 14, 16 impairment 205 implementation 90 implicit and procedural learning 265 implicit learning 265

and memory 270 implicit procedures 269 improvements in the patients' knowledge

of their illness 194 improving communication 88 in vivo 265 incidence 224, 290

of schizophrenia 292 independent living skills 255 India 223, 224

Subject Index 397

individual care 211,212 information management systems 181,

183 information processing 154 information-receiving and -processing

skills 334 informed consent 167 in -patient care 5 insight 109,114-118,126,339,362

formation 112 instrumental role skills 258 integrated approach for schizophrenia

377 integrated care system 180 integrated program of case management

and psychoeducation 196 Integrated Psychological Therapy (IPT)

65 integrated treatment strategies 146,

292 integrated work settings 346 intelligence 117 International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia

115 interpersonal caring 239

techniques (ICTs) 238 interpersonal relationships 242, 344 interpersonal stress 148 interpersonal stressors 33 interpersonal theory 238 interpretation 239 interrater reliability 9, 96 interventions 239, 389 IQ 354 Italian project "Involvement and Support

of Relatives of Persons Affected by Mental Illness" 285

Italian psychiatric reform, called "Low 180" 285

Italy 234,375 ITAQ 116,117

Japan Case Management Guidelines (JCM-GL) 199

Japanese psychiatric hospital 178 Jaspers 110 job

coach 266 finding 207,209,211 search 266 tenure 267

joining process 170

398 Subject Index

Katz Adjustment Scales 95 Keio version of the Wisconsin Card

Sorting Test (KWCST) 13-17 Kraepelin 109

laboratory 261 analogues 264

large-scale institutionalization 245 learning

environment 268 histories 257 how to prevent relapse 170 -oriented 350 principles 264 see also error-free -errorless -imitative -implicit -motor and verbal -procedural -social­trial-and-error -verbal-

Lehman 155 length of stay 214 letter fluency test 42 Lewis 114 Liberman 150 Liddle three-dimensional model 50 life events 4, 358, 369 life-oriented treatment 3, 4 Life Skills Profile 315 Life Satisfaction Scale 200 London-East Anglia trial 386 London-Newcastle group 386 long-stay patients 196 long-term follow-up 3 long-term management 152 long-term psychiatric patients 244 loss 88 low-dosage 149,152 low-EE 86 low-tech test battery 7

MADS 355 Madras Longitudinal Study 225 major alternative 245 man power 224, 229 management

see carer-based stress -

case­crisis -home-based crisis -long-term -pharmacological -specialized case -

Manchester Scale 7 mania 83,84 manner of reaction 4 means-ends problem solving procedure

(MEPS) 41,43-45 medical model 118 medication 149

doses 105 -resistant psychosis 352

memory 265 Mental Health Act 119 Mental Health and Welfare Law (1995)

247 mental health clinicians 169 mental health intervention 222 Mental Health Departments 285 Mental Hygiene Law (1950) 247 metacognition 359 metarepresentations 49 methylphenidate 260 Miklowitz 236 Minato Net 21 246,252 minimal-dose medication 155 mobile outreach 272 modafinil 260 modeling 263, 264 moment consciousness 12 mood disorders 96, 116 motivation 73, 209, 267 motivational

accounts 118 counseling 312 interviewing 265, 388

motor 269 and verbal learning 259

Murthy 228, 229 multidisciplinary teams 299 multifactor and multistage development 9 multi-family 284 multilevel outreporting 302 multimodal 257 multiple family groups 89 myelination 271

NART 354 National Mental Health Programme 227 nationwide case management system 199

natural environment 272 nature 272 negative correlation 190 negative influences of the voices 371 negative interpersonal life events 32 negative symptoms 9,74,85,88, 112,344,

348,386 nerve growth factors 272 neural circuitry 265 neural circuits 265, 269 neural systems 265 neuroanatomy 271 neurocognition 254, 270 neurocognitive

deficits 42,341,359 functioning 254 functions 21,268,272,336 impairments 267 pharmacotherapy 259

neurodevelopmental 255 neuroleptic medication 317,382 neuromodulation 305 neuronal cell structure 271 neuronal columns 271 neuronal growth 270 neurons 269, 272

and processes in the brain 271 neuropharmacology 260 neuroplasticity 271, 305 neuropsychological battery 51 neuropsychological performance 117,119 neuropsychological test 44

battery 354 neuropsychological training 280 neurotransmitter 269

receptors 272 new Japanese constitution 206 NNT 385 nonverbal behavior 210 normal, usual type 10 normalization 204

plan 207 noticing 239 number of psychiatric beds 197 nurse visits 218 nurture 272

Objective Quality of Life Scale 200 observation 239 obsessive-compulsive disorder 271,374 occupational status 136, 142 occupational therapy 314 olanzapine 132,133,259

Subject Index 399

on-task behavior 264 optimal emotional and social atmosphere

172 optimal treatment 146 Optimal Treatment Project (OTP) 156,

157,177,184,229,283 organizational design 180 organizing new skills 271 outcome 184,300,311,321

domains and measures 301 study 299

out-patient service 5,6 outreach services 217

palm-held computers 265 panic disorder 374 paralinguistic behavior 210 parallel program comparisons 325 parietal 269, 271 partial hospitalization 232 participating 240 patient-related outcomes 302 pemoline 260 perceiving 261 perception

see affect -emotion -facial affect -remediating emotion -social-

persecutory delusions 386 personal coping skills 29 personal goals 273 personal-growth plan 306 personal hygiene 268 personal telecommunication technology

272 personality trait 272 personally selected goals 259 pharmacological management 323 pharmacotherapy 257 phase of the individual's disorder 257 Plan for the Disabled People 247,251 plasma levels 150 plasticity 269

of the brain 265, 269, 271 polypharmacy 125 Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale

(PANSS) 9,126,149,339,347 positive attitudes toward community living

198 positive feedback 152,154

400 Subject Index

positive reinforcement 258 positive symptoms 9, 85, 348 post-stroke 270 post-traumatic stress disorder 83 precision teaching 259, 269 predictors 355

of clinical and social recovery 291 preferences 346 prefrontal areas 269 prejudiced attitudes 307 premature treatment dropout 315 premo bid beliefs 362 premotor areas 269 premotor cortex 270,271 Present State Examination (PSE) 116 prevalence 224 prevocational assessment 346 problem

analysis 378 -focused, approach coping behaviors

32 -focused coping 30 -solving 26,64,66,87,150,172,232,

235,378 exercises 265 skills 333,341, 385

score 337 strategies 151 training 234

procedural (implicit) capacities for learning and memory 269

procedural learning 262 procedural or implicit learning and

memory 270 process 181

measurement 326 processing skills 42, 43, 45 progenitor neural cells 271 program fidelity 302 program "Integrated Care" 298 programs studied 300 progressive muscular relaxation 377 prolactin levels 143 protein and enzymatic synthesis or

inhibition 269 provider program 307 psychiatric community care 218 psychiatric emergency services 213, 217 psychiatric nurse practitioners 245 psychiatric rehabilitation 345 psychiatric services in Japan 187 psychiatrist 306 psychodynamic group therapy 85

psychoeducation 87,150, 167, 184,200, 257,293,312,376

psychoeducational intervention 284 psychoeducational multiple-family group

101,103 psychoeducational therapy 368 psychomotor poverty 50 psychomotor speed 266 psychopathology 75, US psychopharmacological treatment 31 psychosocial approaches 184 psychosocial functions 136 psychosocial interventions 268, 388 psychosocial rehabilitation 141 psychosocial treatment 150 psychotherapy 314 psychotic relapse 361 psychotic symptoms 29 public employment security offices 206 pulse rate difference 7,8

QOL 141 qualitative evaluation 323 quality assurance 180 Quality of Life Scale (QLS) 134, 141,212,

259 Quality Star graph 304 Quasi-Experimental 238 Questionnaire for Family Problems 286 quetiapine 133

randomized, controlled trials 385 randomized parallel design 299 random-number generation 7 rate of detection of clients 320 Rating of Medication Influences (RaMI)

340 rationale 363 RAVLT 44,45 reaction time 7,259 realistic expectations 265 reality distortion 50 real-life practice 152 receiving skills 42, 43 recent onset of schizophrenia 257 receptors 269 recovery 272,273,295,387 recreation 74 recreational rehabilitation 65 recreational skills 67 referring agent education 312

REHAB 20 rehabilitation 46,212,271,272

programs 224 readiness 262 see also cognitive -comprehensive psychosocial and

vocational -psychiatric -psychosocial -recreational -residential -vocational -

rehearsal 152 rehospitalization 295 reinforcement 263 reinforcers 268 relapse 4, 152,383

prevention 5, 273, 385 rate 104 risks 95,96

relatives' group 89 remediating emotion perception 270 repetition 154 reprogramming the brain 270 residential care facilities 178 residential facilities 214 residential rehabilitation 65 residential skills 67 resolving conflicts 87 resource 229

group 306 risperidone 133, 259, 268 role play 265

test 334 routine care 386 routine mental health service 326 ruler-catching time 8

Schedule for Assessment of Insight (SAl) 126,340

scheduling tools 265 schizo affective disorder 317 schizophrenia 14-16,41,54,84,102,125,

204,205,212,254,265,269,270,271, 273,317,382

see also acute -anxiety disorders in -chronic -family-based treatment in -incidence of -

Subject Index 401

integrated approach for­recent onset of­

schizophrenic disorders 301 schizophreniform disorder 317 Schneider 11 0 scm 149 Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) 116 second-order stories 48,49 selegiline 260 self

-care 258, 268 activIties 242

-efficacy 150,204,209,210 -esteem 211,217 -help organizations 89 -monitoring 109, 111,359 -regulation 384

semantic cues 13,14,19 sending skills 42,44,333,334,338,341 sensitivity 97 service

delivery 283 effectiveness research 324 promotion 312 see also community-based -out-patient -outreach -psychiatric emergency -routine mental health -

shaping 154, 240 of sustained attention 262 procedures 264 sustained attention for conversation

skills 263 tokens 263

sheltered workshops 223 side effects 86, 150 signaling devices 265 simplifying instructions 154 single-family 284 skill 210

acquisition 345 training 151,152,265 see also academic -cognitive -conversation -independent living -information-receiving and -

processing -instrumental role -organizing new -

402 Subject Index

personal coping -problem-solving -processing -receiving -recreational -residential -sending -social-social and independent living -social cognitive problem-solving -treatment -vocational -

sleep 272 slow breathing 377 social adjustment 6, 95, 348, 349 social and independent living skills 31 social and role functioning 257 social and vocational functioning 270 social behaviors 59 social cognition 48, 55 social cognitive problem-solving skills

(SCPS) 41,45 social-cognitive process 59 social competence 41,48,57,255 social decline 281 social deficits in autism 49 social function 305, 321 social functioning 41,42,45,54,56,66,

71,74,242 social impairments 55,279 social interaction deficits in schizophrenic

subjects 50 social learning 64, 268

programs (token economy) 266 social networks 258, 281 social perception 261 social reinforcement 264 social relations 268 social skills 54,57,58,75,271,333,334

acquisition 73 training (SST) 20,64,66,74,152,155,

209,232,259,264,341 social stagnation 281 socially hospitalized 250, 251 SoCRATES trial 387 source-monitoring problems 360,362 Span of Apprehension Test 336 SPAN 338 specialization 327 specialized case management 322 specialized treatment 309 specificity 97 stabilization of psychotic symptoms 258

stable phase 5, 257 of the disorder 258, 259

staff satisfaction 234 statistics 300 stigma 118,205,273,282 strategies 357

for cognitive remediation 259 see also assessment -cognitive-behavioral -compensatory -coping -evidence-based treatment -goal-oriented -integrated treatment -problem-solving -

stress 34, 235, 362, 383 -vulnerability 384

stressful life events 28, 29 stroke 270 Stroop tests 22, 24 structure 181

-of-intellect model 26 structured psychoeducation programs

202 structured role-play test 333 Study of Low Prevalence (Psychotic)

Disorders 310 styles of psychiatric care 177 subjective experience 112 subjective stress scale 378 substance use disorder 322 subtypes 7, 8 suicide 139,143 SUMD 116 support group 376 supported employment 266,268,347 supportive counseling 386 sustained attention 263 synapses 269,272 synaptogenesis 271 system of health care 91

task 263 -dependent responses 23,25 -modified responses 23,25

team approach 181 test

see Baum­cancellation -category fluency -

fluency -letter fluency -neuropsychological -role play-Stroop -structured role-play -Tower of London -

theory of mind 49,51 and autism 49 and schizophrenia 49 deficits in acute psychosis 50 stories 48

therapeutic milieu 181 therapy

see cognitive -cognitive-behavioral -compliance -constraint-induced -electroconvulsive -occupational -psychodynamic group -psychoeducational -

Thorn Initiative 90 thought and language disorders 50 thought-disordered 263 three-stage model of treatment and care

168 time conception 12 token economy 64, 268 Tower of London test 51 training 388

of cognitive functions 259 of professionals 288 of the therapists 86 techniques 269 see also communication -computer-assisted -neuropsychological -problem-solving -skill-social skills -UCLA modules for skills -vocational -

transcranial magnetic stimulation 260

transition to work 207 transporter systems 269 treatment 386

and rehabilitation 257 dropout 325 manuals 87

Subject Index 403

matching 323 of anxiety disorders in schizophrenia

375 quality 387 refractory 259

forms of schizophrenia 268 skills 389 see also adjunct -cognitive-behavioral family -community-based intensive -day-drug-life-oriented -optimal­psychopharmacological -psychosocial -specialized -

trial-and-error learning 263 type of life course 4 typical antipsychotic agents 259 typical neuroleptic medication 68, 73

UCLA modules for skills training 262 unstable phase 5 unusual, negative type 10 unusual, positive type 10 urban patients 301

validity 96 verbal behavior 210,264 verbal cue 19 verbal fluency 51,259,266,268,354 verbal learning 268, 270 verbal memory 44, 51 vicious cycle 358 video feedback 265 video models 265 vignettes 117,118 virtual reality 270 visual-motor sequencing 266 vocation 74 vocational outcomes 325 vocational programs 347 vocational rehabilitation 65,204,205,211,

212,232,345,350 vocational skills 67 vocational specialist 266 vocational training 315 voices 359 voluntary organizations 90

404 Subject Index

vulnerability 146, 152 -stress 63

model 28,147,148,356

ward functioning 268 warning signs of relapse 273 way of living 4 Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised

(WAIS-R) 24,337 weight increase 140, 143

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) l3, 14,22,51,117,262

within-program evaluation 324 word fluency 22 work history 349 working memory 259, 268, 270 Workplace Fundamentals Module 267 World Health Organization 227

Zenkaren 165, 166