study presentation planet earth and its representation
TRANSCRIPT
The UniverseWhat is the Universe?
The Universe is all the matter and space
that exists.
It’s made up of stars, planets and other
astronomical objects.
Scientists believe the Universe started with a big explosion called the Big
Bang. Pieces of matter expanded in different directions.
Our galaxy is called the Milky Way. It has a spiral shape.
Galaxies are systems that contain thousands of millions of stars,
together with gas and dust.
The UniverseWhat is the Solar System?
The Solar System is part of the Milky Way galaxy.
The Sun is the star at the centre of the Solar System. Like other stars,
it produces light and heat.
There are eight planets orbiting the Sun.
Mercury
Venus
The Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
The Earth and the MoonHow does the Earth move?
Revolution
The Earth revolves around the Sun.
It takes exactly 365 days, six
hours and nine minutes to complete
one revolution.
Rotation
The Earth moves on its axis
producing day and night. One
rotation of the Earth
takes 24 hours.
The Earth and the MoonWhat are the phases of the Moon?
New moon: we can’t see the Moon at all. This is the beginning of thecycle.
Waxing crescent: theMoon appears. It looks like a slimcrescent.
First quarter: we can see half of theMoon. It looks like a D.
Waxing gibbous: wecan see most of theMoon.
Full moon: now we can see the whole Moon. Its angle in relation to the Sun means it’s alllit up.
Waning gibbous:the Moon starts to get
smaller again.
Third quarter:the Moon is
getting smaller. It looks like a C.
Waning crescent:the Moon has
almost disappeared.
The layers of the EarthWhat’s the Earth made of?
It’s often called the Blue Planet because 71%
of its surface is covered with water. The
Earth has various internal layers and an
atmosphere, which has different layers too.
The layers of the EarthWhat’s the Earth made of?
The inner core:scientists think the inner
core is solid and made of different metals.
The outer core:this layer is made of melted
iron and other metals.
Mantle:it contains magma.
Crust:this is a layer of solid rock. It coversthe surface of theEarth.
It’s the closest layer of the atmosphere to the Earth’ssurface. It contains air and is where the weather occurs. Troposphere
Stratosphere:this layer includes the
ozone layer, whichprotects life on Earth.
Ionosphere:this is the upper area of
the atmosphere.
Representing the Earth How do we represent the Earth?
GlobeSpherical representation
of the Earth in threedimensions.
PlanTwo-dimensional
representation of a room or building.
MapTwo-dimensional representationof the Earth on paper or another
flat surface.
Representing the Earth How do we represent the Earth?
Maps can be…
Physical
represent landforms and
relief (rivers, mountain
ranges and lakes)
Political
represent countries,
states, provinces and also
capital cities.