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ETTC/BZA/SCR/Course Material for Group “D” Staff (TRS)

STUDY MATERIAL FOR INITIAL COURSE FOR

GROUP-D (TRS) (Module No. Elect 01)

Duration 2 weeks

INDEX

SL.NO CHAPTER

PAGE

1. FOUNDATION

2-6

2. MEASURING / PORTABLE TOOLS

7-12

3. BASIC INFORMATION ON HANDLING AND STORAGE OF MATERIAL

13-15

4. PERSONAL SAFETY / ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS AND FIRE FIGHTING

16-20

5. FIRST AID

21-26

6. MATERIAL HANDLING AND PROPER UP KEEP OF WORKING ENVIRONMENT

26-27

7 CLEANING AND UP KEEP OF WORK AREA 27-28


1. FOUNDATION

Definition of Railway: “ Railway” means a railway, or any portion of a railway, for the public carriage of passengers, animals or goods, and includes: 1. All land within the fences or other boundary marks indicative the limits of the land

appurtenant to a railway. 2. All lines of railway, siding of branches worked over for the purpose of, or in

connection with, a railway; 3. All stations , offices, warehouses ,wharves, workshops, manufacturers, fixed plant

and machinery and other works constructed for the purpose of , or in connection with a railway;

4. All ferries, ships, boats, and crafts which are used on inland water for the purpose of the traffic of a railway and belong to or hired or worked authority administrative the railway.

Railway Administration: President has framed rules for convenient transaction to the business of the Government of India. The subjects allocated to the ministry of Railway (Railway Board), who is a Minister of cabinet rank. He is associated in his work by one or more Ministers who are of the status of Minister of state or Deputy Minister. These Ministers perform such functions as may be assigned to them in relation to the business allocated to the ministry.

The Railway Board is the chief administrative and executive body assisting the minister of railways in the discharge of his functions. It was constituted by resolution of government of India dated 18 Feb. 1905. The Railway board has at present consist of: 1. Chairman, Railway Board 2. Financial commissioner, Railways, and 3. Five Members each in-charge of Traffic, Staff, Mechanical Engg, Civil Engg, and Electrical Engg.

The Chairman of Railway board is ex-officio principal secretary to the government of India in the minister of Railways. He is solely responsible under the minister of Railways for arriving at decisions on technical questions and advising the Government of India on the matter of Railway policies. The chairman also functions as member in respect of one or the other subjects as decided and is also responsible for coordination. Various Departments in Railways: 1. Operating ______ Chief Operating Manager 2. Engineering ______ Chief Engineer 3. Mechanical ______ Chief Mechanical Engineer


4. Electrical ______ Chief Electrical Engineer 5. Signal and Telecom ______ Chief Signal and Telecommunication Engineer 6. Accounts _______ Financial Advisor and Chief Accounts officer 7. Commercial _______ Chief Commercial Manager 8. Personnel _______ Chief Personnel officer 9. Stores _______ Controller of Stores 10. Medical _______ Chief Medical Director 11. Security _______ Chief Security Commissioner The following are Production units, working directly under Railway board;

1. Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW), Chittaranjan, for manufacturing of Electric Locomotives.

2. Diesel locomotive works (DLW), Varanasi, for manufacturing diesel locomotives.

3. Integral coach factory (ICF), Perambur, near Chennai, for manufacturing of coaches, Electrical multiple units.

4. Rail Wheel factory, Bangalore, for manufacturing axles. 5. Diesel component works, Patiala, for spares. 6. Rail coach factory, Kapurtala. 7. Railway Electrification, Allahabad. 8. Metro Railway, Kolkata.

Railway Zones:

1. Southern Railway Chennai 2. Central Railway Mumbai 3. Western Railway Mumbai 4. Eastern Railway Kolkata 5. Northern Railway New Delhi 6. North Eastern Railway Gorakhpur 7. North East Frontier Railway Guwahati 8. South Eastern Railway Kolkata 9. South Central Railway Secunderabad 10. East Coast Railway Bhubaneswar 11. South Western Railway Hubli 12. North Central Railway Allahabad 13. East Central Railway Hajipur 14. North Western Railway Jaipur 15. West Central Railway Jabalpur 16. South East Central Railway Bilaspur

Various divisions in South Central Railway:

1. Secunderabad division 2. Hyderabad division 3. Vijaywada division 4. Nanded division


5. Guntakal division 6. Guntur division

Various workshops available in South Central Railwa y:

• Carriage Repair work shop --------- Tirupati • Rayanapadu wagon work shop --------- Rayanapadu • Carriage workshop --------- Lallaguda

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT: There are sub-departments in electrical department. They are:

1. Traction Rolling Stock (TRS) 2. Traction Distribution (TrD) Department 3. Traction Rolling Stock Organization – Operations (TRSO-O) 4. General services

Traction Rolling Stock (TRS): This department is responsible for efficient maintenance and repairs of the electric locos and Electrical Multiple Units (EMU) based in the following sheds. Electric Loc sheds/ EMU car sheds located in SC Railway are:- Electric Loco Shed, Vijayawada, (BZA div) Electric Loco Shed, Lallaguda, (SC div) Electric Loco Shed, Kazipet, (SC div) Electric Loco Shed, *Nandalur, (GTL div) Proposed MEMU Car Shed (MCS), Rajahmundry (BZA div) EMU Car shed (ECS), Moulaali, (HYD div) Traction Distribution Department (TrD): This department is responsible for efficient maintenance and operation of the power installations, OHE (Over Head Equipment), PSI (Power Supply Installation) and RC (Remote Control) equipment. Traction Rolling Stock Organization – Operations (T RSO – O): This department is responsible for maintenance of electric locomotives and electric multiple unit stock (EMU) outside the electric loco shed. Planning the requirements of locos and EMUs to meet traffic requirements and preparation of loco/EMU links to suit traffic requirements. Making available locos and EMUs as well as running staff as required for traffic and keeping a watch over train operations and making suggestions for better utilization of available stock. General Services (GS): This department is responsible for electrical repairs and maintenance of service buildings (offices, railway quarters and station buildings), train lighting and air conditioning.


STAFF WELFARE MEASURES

Though Railway run on commercial basis, but being a government under taking, have to fulfill certain social obligations towards its employees in order to have better human relations between employer and the employee. These social obligations are collectively known as ‘Staff Welfare’.

It is one of the functions of Personnel Manager to be handled by chief personnel officer at headquarters of zonal railways. Under him a personnel Officer (Labor and Welfare) is posted and assisted by good numbers of welfare inspectors, personnel inspectors and co-operative inspectors to look after day to day work of this organization. On divisions this function is managed under the control of senior personnel officer attached to the division. He is assisted by Assistant Personnel Officer (Labor and Welfare) and a team of welfare inspectors and personnel inspectors. Similarly on workshop side such activities managed by a personnel officer attached to workshops assisted by Welfare Inspectors. The activities dealt within this organization are: 1. Provision of Railway Institutes and Clubs. 2. Provision of schooling facilities. 3. Grant –in- Aid 4. Educational Assistance, Re-imbursement of Tuition Fee and Hostel Subsidy. 5. Provision of Holiday Homes/Convalescent Homes. 6. Scouts and Guides 7. Provision of Canteens 8. Handicraft Centres / Vocational Training Centres. 9. Provision of Co-operative Societies 10. Mobile Libraries 11. Medical facilities 12. Staff Benefit Fund Railway Institutes and Clubs: The institutes may be provided /organized as senior and junior institutes and should cover as wide range of staff as possible. The growth of sports, recreation clubs and association should be encouraged, the aim being to induce greatest numbers of railway servants to participate in health physical exercises. Schooling facilities and educational assistance: Provisions of facilities in railway colonies to the extent that the state governments or other educational organizations are not willing to provide them. Elementary education and where no high schools available in the neighborhood education up to the high school should be deemed as an inescapable responsibility in railway colonies, if the only alternative is to let the children of railway workers are without educational facilities. Where the railway servants are posted in out of way places, some provision should be made getting their children educated in high schools and colleges.


Grants in Aid: Gr ants in aid to non railway schools may be sanctioned by the General Manager in consultation with their financial advisor and chief accounts officer. Educational assistance, Reimbursement of tuition fe es and Hostel subsidy: The Railway servants with not less than 3yrs service shall be eligible for the assistance for the education of their children in accordance with the “Railway service 1988”. Provision of Holiday Homes: Holiday homes have been established by the railway as a measure of amenity to the railway servant. Scouts and Guides: The scouting organization on the railway is a separate state association on each railway as a branch of Bharat Scouts and Guides on conditions similar to those applicable to other state association directly under the Bharat Scouts and Guides. Provision of Canteens: For the Canteens a subsidy to the extent to 70% of the wages including DA allowance relief of canteen employees may be given for each canteen, the object of giving this subsidy is to enable the canteens to supply food at cheap rates and to bear cost of establishment. Handicraft centers- vocational training centers: Handicraft centers should be set up for the benefit of the families of the railway men for imparting training to women members of railway men families in handicrafts such as weaving, knitting, spinning, tailoring of garments during their spare time with object of helping them in learning some trade to augment the family income.

Vocational training centers should be established at suitable places where classes should be held in evening to impart the technical training to unskilled and semiskilled workmen during their off duty hours for improving their future prospects, and vocational training to the children of railway employees. Co-Operative Societies: There are the following three types of cooperative societies functioning on the railways; (1) Consumer cooperative society, (2) Co-operative credit society and banks, (3) Co operative Housing societies. Government policy is directed towards encouraging co-operative movement on Indian railways. Mobile Libraries: They are intended to supply reading material to staff posted at wayside stations where they are hardly amenities. Mobile libraries having adequate number of books may be set up either attached to the existing institutes or independently. Medical Facilities: Railways have provided railway hospitals , dispensaries , child welfare centers , family planning centers for the benefit of railway servants , their family members including dependents and the assistance of welfare inspector could be availed in case of any difficult of arisen or guidance required .


Staff Benefit Fund: 1. To give aid education to the staff and their children when no assistance is

admissible under the rules. 2. Recreation and amusement for the staff and their children; 3. Relief of distress amongst the members of the staff and their families. 4. Schemes for sickness or maternity leave to the families of the employees are not

covered by the MEDICAL ATTENDANCE AND TREATMENT RULES

2. MEASURING / PORTABLE TOOLS Hand and Portable Tools: Sl No.

Name of the Tool

Material Used

Size Uses Precautions

1. Screw Driver

Steel 10,15, 20,30 cm

Used for loosening or tightening or to keep screws in position

Avoid greasy or oily handle. Do not use in place of firmer Chisel. Use proper size for particular Screws.

2. Combination Pliers

Steel 15,20, 25 cm

For holding, twisting or cutting wires.

Do not cut steel wires. Do not hold any hot substance, do not use in place of hammer.

3. Round nose pliers or flat nose plier

Steel 10cm For holding, twisting or joining the wires at narrow places.

Do not cut steel substance. Protect from rust.

4. Electrician Knife

Steel Blade

10 cm It has two blades, one for removing insulation of pipes and other for cleaning the wires.

Protect from rust, do not use it for cutting wires.

5. Electric Soldering iron

Copper bit

25w,40w,65w,125w

To solder the joints of wires and winding wires.

1. While using insulate your set. 2. Do not put hot iron on the wires.

6. Tenon or Hand saw

steel 30.5cm, 40.5cm

Used for cutting wooden boards, blocks, casings etc.

Protect from rust. When not in use, apply grease.

7. Cold chisel

Steel 10cm, 15 cm

Used for chipping, boring and channeling in walls.

Should not be oily. Avoid flat heat.


8. Try square

steel 15cm, 20cm, 30cm

To check the right angle of corners.

1. Do not use as hammer. 2. Keep it safe, avoid rust.

9.

Firmer chisel

Steel 1.25cm, 1.9cm, 2.54cm

Used for chipping, scalping and grooving in wood.

Always strike with mallet. Grind it on water stone. Do not use in place of screw driver.

10. Poker steel 10cm,15 cm

Used for making pilot holes for fixing wood screws.

Do not use it on the metals.

11. Hand drill Steel ,iron and wood

3mm, 6mm, 12mm

Used for making holes in wooden blocks and boards

Should be kept clean and without greasy handle, Should be used straight.

12 Hack saw Carbon steel blades

16,20,25,30cm

Used for cutting conduit G.I.pipes or mild steel.

Keep straight while cutting. Keep safe from rust during storing; apply water on blade while cutting.

13 Files(flat, round, half round)

Steel 3”to14” 8cm to 35 cm

To smooth the surface or corners of any iron Board etc.

1.Do not use without handle 2. Do not use it as hammer of screw driver or poker.

14. Auger bit Steel 6mm to 25mm

For making holes in doors, windows to pass wires.

Should not be used on iron. Keep safe.

15. Pipe vice Steel 25mm 50mm 100mm 150mm

Used for holding very small jobs like pins.

Should not be tightened too much to break pipe.

16. Bench vice

Steel 50mm 75mm 100mm 125mm

Used for holding any substance for cutting or filing.

Should not be used as base for hammering

17. Pipe wrench

Steel 15cm to 60 cm

Used for tightening or opening conduit pipe.

Should not be used as hammer. Avoid greasy handle.

18. Mallet Wood --- Used as hammer for soft metals.

Do not use on hard metals, other than tin or use it on


nails. 19. Blow lamp Various .5, 1,

1.5litre Used to heat up the iron soldering irons.

While burning put the mouth of blow lamp toward walls or put a brick front of blow lamp.

20. Spanner sets(Double ended, ring spanners, slide wrenches, box spanners)

Steel ---- Spanners come in different sizes to suit different purpose. These are used to tighten and loosen the bolts, nuts and screws etc.

Do not use key as hammer. Use proper key for proper nut.

21. Crimping Tool

Steel 1.5mm, 2.5mm, 6mm

As soldering of aluminum conductors are difficult, this plier is used to crimp the joint or lugs.

Do not use it on thin steel made sleeves or lugs.

22. Measuring tape

Steel or cotton cloth

10,20m Used for measuring the dimensions.

Do not twist the open tape. Avoid from rust (steel tape).

23. Neon Tester

---- 500 V It consists of glass bulb containing neon gas and two electrodes. A high value of resistance connected in series with one of electrodes for limiting current.

Do not drop it. Do not use as screw driver if not specified.

24 Plumb bob

Iron or Brass

---- For drawing vertical lines while wiring.

Should not be dropped on ground.

25 Wire stripper and cutter

Steel ----- These are used for removing insulation of P.V.C etc. wires. These are available with adjustable 22SWG and onwards. Gauge setter for striping and cutting P.V.C insulated wires, automatic self adjusting wire.

Use proper cutter or stripper for particular wire.


UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS AND CONVERSION: UNIT: The standard measurement of each kind of physical quantity is called a unit. There are three systems of units. They are 1. M.K.S. system (Metre, kilogram and second) 2. C.G.S. system (centimeter, gram and second) 3. F.P.S. system (foot, pound and second)

S.No Item Denoted By Units Symbol 1 Volume V Cubic metre M3

2. Time t Second S 3. Time of one cycle

,Periodic Time T Second S

4. Time constant τ second S 5. Frequency f hertz Hz 6. Area of cross

section A Square.metre M2

7. Speed (linear ) or velocity

v Metre per second m/s

8. Mass m kilogram Kg 9. Force F Newton N 10. Weight G Newton N 11. Work W joule J 12. Energy E,W joule J 13. Power P watt W 14. Efficiency η Dimension less --- 15. Electromotive

force or Voltage E volt V

16. Capacitance C farad F 17 Electric current I ampere A 18 Resistance R ohm Ω 19. Resistivity ρ Ohm-metre Ω-m 20. Active Power P Watt W 21. Reactance X ohm Ω 22. Impedance Z ohm Ω 23. Inductive

Reactance XL ohm Ω

24. Capacitive Reactance

XC ohm Ω

25. Inductance L Henry H


Conversion of units:

1 kilo metre = 1000metre 1 metre = 100 centimetre or 1000mm 1 inch = 2.54 centimetre 12 inches = 1 foot 1 kilo gram = 1000 gram 100 kilo gram = 1 quintal 10 quintals (or) 1000 kilogram = 1 ton 1kilo litre = 1000 litre 1 milli litre =1/1000 litre 1 day = 24 hours 1 hour = 60 minutes 1 minute = 60 seconds

MEASURING TOOLS: Ammeter: It is used to measure the current in an electrical circuit. It is connected in series in a circuit. Voltmeter: It is used to measure the voltage in an electrical circuit. It is connected parallel to the circuit. Megger: It is an insulation resistance measuring instrument. It is normally used for measurement of high resistance of the order of Mega Ohms. This is commonly used for the measurement of insulation resistance of di-electric material. The moving system consists of two coils 1. Control coil or the voltage coil 2. Deflecting coil or the current coil.

These two coils are rigidly mounted at an angle to one another end connected in

parallel across a small generator with polarities such that the torques produced by them are in opposition. These coils move in the air gap of permanent magnet. There is a fixed control circuit resistance in series with the control coil. The deflecting coil or the current coil is connected in series with a fixed deflecting circuit resistance and the high resistance under test. Multimeter: This meter can work as voltmeter, ammeter or ohm meter. Voltmeter: There are ten ranges, 5 for D.C. and 5 for A.C. Ammeter: There are many ranges in this meter, so we can measure milli ampere also. Ohm meter: when using it as ohm meter three ranges are available x1, x10, and x100. If we are taking reading on n x10 range, we are multiply the reading by 10. Ex; if the reading comes, 4, the actually reading will be 10x4=40 ohms. Digital Tacho meter: It is a precision instrument. It measures the rotations per minute (rpm) of rotating objects. It uses specially developed LSI device for computing R.P.M (Revolutions per Minute). It is 4 digital instrument which can measure 5 to 99990 r.p.m with +/-1 r.p.m. accuracy upto 9999 r.p.m and +/- 10 r.p.m over 1000 r.p.m


Least Count (L.C): Smallest that can be measured by a measuring instrument is called its least count. Scale: It is used for measuring lengths and other dimensions of bodies. These scales are sufficiently sensitive are used for making measurements accurately. Vernier Caliper: This is a simple measuring instrument, used for measuring the length, diameters etc. (Which are not very small) accurately. It consists of two scales i.e., main scale and vernier scale. It is constructed on the basis of N main scale divisions are equal to the (N+1) vernier scale divisions. MSD = Main Scale Division VSD = Vernier Scale Division LC = Least Count VC = Vernier Coincidence 1. Note the value of one M.S.D. and the no. of vernier scale divisions. Calculate the least count by using the relation. . 1 Main Scale Division (MSD) Least Count L.C= ---------------------------------------- No. of Vernier Scale Divisions (VSD) 2. Clamp the object between the jaws. Note the main scale reading and the vernier Coincidence. 3. Calculate the value of the dimension measured by using the relation.MSR (Main Scale Divisions) + VC (Vernier coincidence) x LC (Least Count). 4. Repeat this procedure by clamping the object at different positions and find the average value of dimensions. Micrometer (Screw Gauge): This is another measuring instrument, which is used for measuring very small dimensions, like the thickness of thin sheets, diameters of fine wires etc. Principle: It works according to the principle of the screw and the nut. A screw moves when it is rotated through a nut. The relation between the no. of rotations and the distance moved, is used for the measuring the dimensions of bodies. How to use a micrometer screw (Procedure): (a) Rotate the screw through ten rotations and note the distance moved by the screw (on the pitch scale.) Calculate the pitch of the screw using the relation. Distance moved Pitch = --------------------------- No. of rotations (b) Note the no. of divisions on the head scale; calculate the least count by using relation.


Pitch of the Screw Least Count= --------------------------------- No. of Head scale divisions (c) Make the two studs meet each other. Note the zero connection. (d) Clamp the object between the studs. (e) Note the value of the complete divisions that can be seen on the pitch scale. This is

called Pitch Scale Reading (PSR). (f) Note the number of division on the H.S. that coincides with datum line. This is called

the Head Scale Reading (H.S.R). (g) Calculate the dimension measured by using the relation. PSR+ (H.S.R. +/- Z.C) x LC (h) Repeated this procedure 5 or 6 times by clamping the object at different points and

find the average dimension.

3. BASIC INFORMATION ON HANDLING AND STORAGE OF MAT ERIALS

CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS: Conductors: These are substances which offer such a small resistance that they rapidly allow electricity to flow through them. Such as copper, aluminium, iron etc. Insulators: These are substances which offer such an enormous resistance that they allow practically no electricity to flow through them; such as rubber, asbestos, bakelite, mica, ebonite. Uses of Conductors and Insulators: Sl.no : Conductors Uses in Electrical

Field Sl.no: Insulators Uses in

Electrical Field 1. Silver Special meters,

Contact points. 1. Mica In elements or

winding. 2. Copper Wires and

Accessories 2. Rubber Insulation in wires

3. Brass Switches(Terminals) 3. Dry Cotton Winding 4. Aluminium Wires(Conductors) 4. Varnish Winding 5. Iron Wires(Telephone) 5. Asbestos In the bottom of

Irons and Kettles etc.

6. Carbon Generator and Motors 6. Porcelain Overhead line insulators

7. All glasses Lamps 7. Glass Overhead line insulator

8. Water Battery or load(Electrolyte)

8. Ebonite Bobbin of transformer

9. Dilute acid Batteries(Electrolyte) 9. Fiber Bobbin making and winding insulation


10. Lead Joints and wire covering

10. Empire Cloth

Winding insulation

11. Mercury Special switches and meters

11. P.V.C Wire insulation switch etc. Making for insulation

12. Bakelite --do-- 13. Slate Making panel

boards 14. Paraffin

wax sealing

15. Plastic Wires insulation or Switches Body

Dielectric Strength: The insulating material which can withstand without break down voltage is called its di-electric strength. In other words it is the maximum kilovolts per millimeter or volt per millimeter which a medium can withstand without breakdown. Dielectric Strength of various insulating materials : S.no: Dielectric Material Dielectric Strength

k.v/mm at 20 c 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13 14. 15.

Mica Asbestos Rubber vulcanized Micanite Ebonite Varnish oil Varnished Paper Bakelite Insulating oil Glass Porcelain Paraffin wax Resin Wood-impregnated Ordinary paper

20-60 42 30-50 20-40 30-40 30-40 16-40 17-21 10-16 8-12 8-12 12 12 2-6 2-6

Thermal Classification of Insulating Materials:

Class Limiting Temparature( C)

Materials

Y 90oC Cotton, silk, paper of similar organic materials neither impregnated nor immersed in any oil, rubber, polyvinyl chloride.


A 105 oC Impregnated paper, silk, cotton (fibrous materials), polymide resins.

E 120 oC Enamelled wire insulations on basis of Polyvinyl formed poly-urethane and epoxy resins,moulding powder plastic etc.

B 130 oC Inorganic materials (mica, fibre, and glass, asbestos) impregnated with varnishes or other compounds.

F 155 oC Polyster epoxide varnishes and other varnishes with a high resistance.

H 180 oC Composite materials on mica, fibre glass and asbestos bases impregnated with silicons rubber.

C 225 cC Mica, ceramics, glass and Teflon INFORMATION ON HANDLING AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS:

All the materials concerned to the depot should be kept at their respective

places. Frequent change of materials from one place to another place is avoided. Inflammable material should be kept away from fire, heat and electric mains. Fire extinguishers, sand and water are to be kept at prominent places. High standard of cleanliness shall be maintained. Waste material, oily waste or

rags etc. shall be removed from the premises daily and suitable disposed of. Trees and rank vegetation shall not be permitted to grow in the neighborhood of

substations, switching stations or other buildings. Roofs of buildings and the whole area of the sub stations and offices shall be kept clear of dry leaves, packing cases or other dry combustible material.

Before starting welding and cutting operations, it shall be ensured that sparks arising there from do not lodge in wood work or ignite other combustible material in the area.

While installing heating devices, hot water pipes, etc. suitable clearances from the combustible material shall be maintained.

The vicinity of cables should be kept clear of oily dirt or other combustible material.

Concerned to stores:

The released / unserviceable items are to be disposed off. The waste is to be collected in trays to avoid spillage. In case the ground is greasy or oily it must be cleaned with sand. The premises should be prohibited for trespassers. Store should be kept clean and tidy.


4. PERSONNEL SAFETY, ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS/ SAF ETY PRECAUTIONS AND FIRE FIGHTING

PERSONAL SAFETY: Precautions to be taken while handling tools and eq uipment:

Great caution and care is required in handling tools. A worker is liable to injure himself in addition to the damage caused to the tools, if he at any time is slack in handling them. The following are the safety precautions in the handling of tools:

1. The sharp-edged tools such as pocket knife, chisels should never be put in pocket

without shield, and while working with such tools, care should be taken not to place hand or finger in the path of motions of the cutting tools. Also, care should be taken not to hand over the sharp –edged tool with its sharp edge side.

2. When cutting with a chisel always cut away from you rather than towards you. 3. Before using a hammer its handle must be examined, whether it is properly secure

or not. It should not be oily or greasy. 4. When making a cut with hacksaw, the cut must be guided first with finger and

thumb of one hand; otherwise the blade is liable to break which may cause serious injuries.

5. After using tools they should never be left at the top of ladder or any other high level place since they may fall accidentally and cause injury.

6. Only a suitable tool should be used for the proper purpose and if particular tool does not suit the purpose, do not abuse the tool; try to have a new tool matching the need

7. All injuries must be attended to immediately, since delay may cause infection. Precautions to be taken while handling the electric al equipments: 1. Always be careful. Do not think of others while working on electricity. 2. You should not energize any conductor unless you are sure that all is clear and

there is none working on it. 3. You should not tamper unnecessarily with any live electrical gear. 4. You should not disconnect any plug by pulling the flexible cable. 5. Before replacing a blown fuse, always remember to put the main switch ‘off’. 6. Safety demands a good earthing. Hence, always keep earth connections in good

conditions. 7. Before using portable electrical things, see that these are well-earthed. 8. While handling an electrical appliance like table fan, iron, heaters, etc., be sure that

they are disconnected from the supply. Switching off is not enough. Leaky insulation may give serious shock.

9. Live wires should always be connected through the switch. 10. Do not put a sharp-edged tool in your pocket. 11. If you want to hand over any sharp tool- like knife, screw driver, file , hand saw

etc., to someone else, give it from handle side otherwise it can injure the hand.


12. In rainy season apply grease on tools to avoid rust. 13. In case of electric fire, do not throw water on live conductor and equipment as it is

dangerous. The best remedy is to disconnect the electric supply immediately and throw sand or dust on the fire.

14. Before starting the work above ground on a pole or tower, you must use safety belt and ladder. The ladder must be held by another person on the ground so that it may not slip.

EARTHING: A wire coming from the ground 2.5 to 3 meters deep from an electrode

(plate or so) is called earthing. The earth’s potential is always taken as zero for all practical purposes. The

electrical appliances or machines when connected with earth attain zero potential and are said to be earthed. Importance of earthing: 1. To save human life from danger of shock or death by blowing fuse of any

apparatus which become leaky. 2. To protect large buildings from atmospheric lightning. 3. To protect all machines fed from O.H.line from lightning arresters. 4. To maintain the line voltage constant (neutral of every alternator, transformer is

earthed). Good earthing is that earthing, which gives very low resistance to the flow of heavy current (Short circuit current) of a circuit. Importance of Protection: The current taken by an electric appliance from mains is limited by its resistance in the circuit .Under normal working conditions the circuit is within safe limit so the wires and switches do not become hot. If a fault develops there, it may cause the two conductors to come in direct contact with appliance. At the time the resistance will be of wires only which is very low (about 0.2 ohm).So a high current will flow through these wires and switches and these will overheat the conductors and it may set fire to the whole building causing serious damage. So some means are arranged to limit this current. Generally, it is so arranged that part of the circuit consists of conductor which will melt easily and so break the connection when the current exceeds the predetermined value. Such conductor is known as fuse wire. Fuse: It is a device which cuts off the circuit when more than predetermined value current flows in a circuit.

It is the weakest point of the circuit which breaks when more than normal current flows in the circuit.

Materials used: The materials which can be are tin, lead, zinc, silver, antimony, copper, aluminum, etc. Copper or lead, tin alloy is mostly used in ordinary fuse wire. Types of Fuses: 1. Rewirable type fuse or Kit Kat fuses 2. H.R.C (High Rupturing Capacity) fuses MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker): An MCB automatically switches off the current instantly if there is a short circuit or overload. It thus prevents damage to expensive


wiring and the risk of fire. Supply restored by switching ON again –No fuses to replace or rewire.

FIRE PRECAUTIONS:

Fires are classified as class A, class B and class C: 1. Class A: Fires which acquire in common computable material such as wood, paper

etc.., these fires can be readily extinguished by water or solution containing large quantity of water.

2. Class B: Those fires, which are involving kerosene oil, diesel or lubricating oil and grease are called class ‘B’ fires. For extinguishing these fires, some blanketing agent is required such as foam which deprives the fire of its oxygen requirements. If water is used there is a greater danger of the fire spreading.

3. Class C: These fires are those that occur in electrical equipments. The use of water and foam type extinguishing not permitted. The fires are extinguished by employing some insulating like sand or CTC ( carbon tetra chloride) or CO2 (carbon-di-oxide) or DCP (Dry Chemical Powder).

Type of Extinguisher

Class A Class B Class C

Water Suitable Unsuitable water will spread and incur fire

Unsuitable water being conductor should not be used on live electrical equipment

Foam type Suitable for both smoothening and wetting action

Suitable smothering blanket does not dissipate floats on top of liquid

Unsuitable foam being a conductor should not be used on live electrical equipment

Dry chemical powder

Suitable for small surface fires only

Suitable chemical releases smothering gas and shields operated from heat

Suitable, chemical is non conductor fog of dry chemical powder shields operated from heat

Carbon di oxide

Suitable Suitable, does not leave any residue or effect their equipment or food stuff.

Suitable, non conductor and does not damage equipment

Caution to be taken against Class A fires: Glowing cigarette butts and matches shell not be thrown into waste buckets oil rag bins or other place of fire hazard. Smoking and use of open flames shall be prohibited in oil storage rooms, battery rooms and places where combustible material is kept. Before starting welding and cutting operations it shall be ensured that sparks arising there from do not lodge in wood work to ignite other combustible material.


Class B fires: 1. Petroleum containers shall be labeled and kept securely. 2. Oil filled containers and equipments in sub stations, store rooms etc.., shall be located such that fire from oil is not likely to do any damage. 3. Cable trenches inside stations shall be filled with sand. 4. Empty oil drum, boxes or other combustible materials shall never be piled near storage oil tanks. Class C fires: 1. Battery rooms shall have no loose connections and there shall be no sparking devices. 2. Flammable gases or material shall not be stored near electrical equipment. 3. Insulation strength of the equipment and cable shall be checked periodically. 4. Leakage or over loading of electrical circuits resulting in heating up of wiring must be avoided. Fire Extinguishers : There are different types of fire extinguishers for different types of fires. The commonly used types are described below. 1. Soda Acid Extinguishers: This type of an extinguisher is cylindrical or conical in shape. Inside it, above a solution of soda and water, in a small glass flask containing sulphuric acid. When the extinguisher is inverted the acid mixes the solution and reacts with soda to generate carbon di oxide. Gas pressure then forces the solution out of the nose. It can extinguish fire which is up to about 10meters away from the fire extinguisher. It is suitable for fires of wood, cloth, paper etc.., but unsuitable for petrol, oil, spirit and electrical fires. 2. Carbon di-oxide (CO 2) Extinguishers: This type of extinguisher has a horn like nozzle and is, therefore easily distinguished from other types. It contains liquid carbon di oxide. When released, the carbon di oxide forms flakes that vaporize and blanket the fire. It is used to extinguish electrical fires and fires involving liquids. It is effective against small surface fires and not used in the open air. 3. Foam Extinguishers: Foam extinguishers are used against inflammable liquids and small fires in solids. They cannot be used against electrical fires as both water and foam conduct electricity. A foam extinguisher contains water, sodium bi carbonate, an agent for strengthening the foam and a phial and containing aluminum sulphite power. When mixed there form a foam of CO2 bubbles. 4. Carbon Tetra Chloride Extinguisher: It comprises a cylindrical metal container containing carbon tetra chloride liquid. When released, it turns in to a vapour i.e. heavier then air and thus settles over the fire. It is suitable for electrical fires but is should not be used in enclosed places as the vapour is poisonous. 5. Dry Chemical Powder (DCP) Type Extinguisher: By a charge of compressed air or gas which when fluidities, the powder conveys it through the discharge tube nozzle, the powder is expelled. It is mainly used for extinguishing fires in highly inflammable liquids and live electric equipment. Method of Operation: 1. Remove its safety clip 2. Now depress the plunger


3. With draw the nozzle from the rubber cap and press the squeeze gap. 4. Direct the dry powder to the box flames with a fast sweeping motion. SAFETY IN ELECTRIFIED SECTIONS: 1. Do not climb on top of locos / wagons / coaches under OHE for any reason with out

adequate protection. 2. Do not bring your work tools in the near vicinity of live wires. 3. Do not project jet of water towards of OHE. 4. Warn staff about danger of coming in close contact of OHE live wires. 5. Report immediately to the traction power controller or to the authorized persons if

any abnormality is noticed in the OHE. 6. Prevent entry of electric loco into dead section during OHE isolation / power blocks. 7. Warn & prevent travelling public not to climb on loco roof and not to lean out of the

compartment. 8. Exercise great care in crane working in electrified area. 9. Ensure proper earthing of discharge rods. SAFETY WHILE WORKING IN LOCO SHEDS 1. Loco should be grounded from both the ends before climbing the roof of loco. 2. OHE under the pits should be isolated as per the procedure laid down in sheds. 3. First free end (loco end) of the grounding cable should be earthed before putting the

earth cable hook on OHE. 4. Jumping over the pits should be avoided. 5. Warning should be give before making battery “ON” and before charging the loco. 6. Ensure the no staff is working inside the loco before charging the loco. 7. Ensure that no staff is working nearby or inside the loco during taking movement. 8. Horn should be blown before taking movement. 9. No one should enter into HT compartment, or touch any live power parts when loco

is in energized condition. 10. Tools should not be thrown to roof that may lead to injury. 11. Standard slings and D-shackles should be use while providing and removing of loco

equipments. 12. Care is to be taken while connecting the slings to the equipment. Lifting the

equipment with one sling to be avoided. 13. Bogie lifting pins should be checked thoroughly before attaching for lifting. 14. Helmet / shoes / gloves/ face mask where ever necessary should be used invariably. 15. Return conductor should be connected nearer to the place of welding. 16. Protection screen / goggles to be used while doing welding / gas work. 17. Only One person from floor should give instruction to the crane driver for crane

movements. 18. Dust / rubbish / scarp should be thrown only in dust bins. 19. Used cotton waste / grease / oils / should not be thrown on path way or inside loco. 20. No one should try to attempt or handle unfamiliar equipments. 21. Loco should not be climbed with greasy hands. 22. Proper tools should be used. Worn-out /defective tools should be get it replaced. 23. Grease/Oil should be carried in proper containers and should be covered.


5. FIRST AID

Importance of first aid: S udden illness or injury can often be serious unless proper care is administered properly. First aid is an immediate attention to one suffering from illness or injury.

First aid does not replace the physician, but assists the victim until proper medical assistance can be obtained. One of the most important principles of first aid is to obtain medical assistance in all cases of serious injury. Even seemingly minor injuries should be examined by a physician if there is any possibility of complication. General procedures:

No two situations requiring first aid are the same; however, the following

procedure is generally applicable;

Take charge or follow instructions! If you are first at the scene, instruct someone to obtain medical help and others to assist as directed. If you arrive after someone else has taken charge, do as you are asked by the person in charge.

Secure the scene. Ask someone to remove or mark any hazards. If several people have been injured, decide upon priorities in charge for each of

the victims. Make a primary survey of the victim. Care for life-threatening conditions. Make a secondary survey of victim. Care for all injuries in order of need. Keeps the injured person or persons lying down. Loosen restrictive clothing if necessary. Cover victim to keep warm and dry. Keep onlookers away from the victim. When necessary, improvise first aid materials using whatever is available. Cover all wounds completely. Prevent air from reaching burned surfaces as quickly as possible by using a

suitable dressing. Remove small, loose foreign objects from a wound by brushing away from the

wounds with a piece sterile gauze Do not try to remove embedded objects. Place a bandage compress and a cover bandage over and open fracture without

undue pressure before applying splints. Support and immobilize fractures and dislocations. Except for lower jaw dislocations, leave the reduction of fracture or dislocations

to a doctor. Unless absolutely necessary, never move a victim until fractures have been

immobilized Test a stretcher before use, carefully place an injured person on the stretcher,

and carry the victim without any unnecessary movements.


Controlling Bleeding: Bleeding is the escape of blood from artery, vein, or capillary. Most bleeding can be easily controlled. External bleeding can be usually suppressed by applying direct pressure to the open wound. Direct pressure permits normal blood clotting to occur. In case of severe bleeding, the first aider may be upset by the appearance of the wound and the emotional state of the victim. Remember that small amount of blood emerging from a wound spreads and appears as a lot of blood. It is important for the first aider to keep calm, keep the victim calm and do what is necessary to relieve the situation when it is necessary to control bleeding use the following methods. Direct pressure: The best all around method of controlling bleeding is to apply pressure directly to the wound. This is best done by placing gauze or the cleanest material available against the bleeding point and applying firm pressure with the hand until a cover bandage can be applied. In severe bleeding, if gauze or other suitable material is not available, the bare hand should be used to apply direct pressure immediately. This will control most bleeding. Elevation: Elevating the bleeding part of the body above the level of the heart will slow the flow of blood and speed clotting. For example, bleeding from a cut on the hand or arm will be slowed by raising the arm over the head. Treating Wounds: A wound refers to any break in the skin. The skin affords protection from most bacterial or germs; however, germs may enter through even a small break in the skin, and an infection may develop. First aid for wounds: T he chief duties of a first aider in caring for wounds are to stop bleeding and to prevent germs from entering the wound. If germs do not enter, there will be much less chance of infection and the wound will heal quickly.

Carefully cut or tear the clothing so that the injury may be seen. If loose foreign particles are around the wound, wipe them away with clean

material. Always wipe away from the wound, not toward it. Do not attempt to remove any object impaled in the wound. Serious bleeding and

other damage may occur if the object is removed. Stabilize the object with a bulky dress.

Do not touch the wound with your hands, clothing, or anything i.e., not cleaned, if possible.

Place a sterile bandage compress or gauze, when available, over the wound and tie in place.

Dressings should be wide enough to completely cover the wound and the area around it.

Protect compresses or gauze dressing with a cover bandage made from a cravat or triangular bandage. Place out of dressing on all wounds except for wounds of the eye, nose, chin, finger and toe, or compound fractures of the hand and foot


when splints are applied. Either uses a cravat bandage or triangular bandage to cover the entire dressing.

Unless otherwise specified, tie the knots of the bandage compress and outer dressing over the wound on top of the compress pad to help in taking the bleeding. However, when a fracture is involved, tie away from wound.

Keep victim quiet and lying still. Any movement will increase circulation which could restart bleeding

Reassure the victim to ease emotional reaction. Dressing for wounds: The following dressing is recommended for covering wounds. Scalp, Temple, Ear, or Face To dress an open wound for the scalp, temple, ear or face, proceed as follows.

Apply the pad of a bandage compress over the wound. Carry one end under the chin, and the other over the top of the head Cross at the temple in front of the ear on the side opposite to the injury. Bring one end around the front of the head and the other end low around the

back of the head. Tie on or near the compress pad Cover the compress with a cravat bandage applied in the same manner.

Burns: Classification of burns: These are classified according to extent and depth of damage as follows: First degree minor Burned area is painful. Outer skin is reddened.

Slight swelling is present. Second degree moderate Burned area is painful. Under skin is affected.

Blisters may form. The area may have a wet, shiny appearance because of exposed tissue.

Third degree critical Intensive due to the destruction of nerve endings. Skin is destroyed. Muscle tissues and bone underneath may be damaged. The area may be charred, white or grayish in color

First aid for burns: The first aid given to a burn victim largely depends on the cause of the burn and the degree of severity. Emergency first aid for burns should primarily be

Exclusion of air from the burned area. Relief of the pain that immediately follows burns Minimizing the on set of shock. Prevention of infection


Remove all clothing from the injured area, but cut around any clothing that adheres to the skin and leave it in place. Keep the patient covered, except the injured part, since there is a tendency to chill. First aid dressing for burns should be free of grease or oil. The use of greases or oils in the treatment of burns makes it necessary to cleanse the burned area with a solvent before medical treatment can begin. This delays the medical treatment and is very painful. Fractures: A fracture is a broken or cracked bone. For first aid purposes fractures can be divided into two classifications:

Open or compound fracture. The bone is broken and an open wound is present. Often the end of the broken bone protrudes from the wound.

Closed or simple fracture. No open wound is present, but there is a broken or cracked bone.

Be careful when examining injured persons, particularly those apparently suffering from fractures. For all fractures the first aider must remember to maintain an open airway, control bleeding and treat for shock. Do not attempt to change the position of an injured person until he or she has been examined and it has been determined that movement will not complicate the injures. If the victim is lying down, it is far better to attend to the injures with the victim in that position and with has little movement as possible. If fractures are present, make any necessary movement in such a manner as to protect the injured part against further injury. ELECTRICAL SHOCK TREATMENT: If an electrician or any person is still in contact with the live wire or equipment, he or she must be quickly released from the electrical contact by: (a) Switching off, if it is not available (b) Pulling out plug, etc.., if not possible (c) Insulate your self from the ground, by using a rubber mat, dry wood or clothing, and then free the victim. A wooden stick can be used to knock the victim free. Extinguish any spark (if there is) in the clothes of the patient. Ascertain whether he is breathing or not. Send for doctor. Till the doctor arrives, give first aid for resuscitation. There are three methods: Methods of Resuscitation 1. Prone resuscitation 2. Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation 3. Mouth-to-nose resuscitation Prone Resuscitation (a) Back Pressure arm lifts met hod (Holger-Nielsen Method): There are several methods of giving artificial respiration in the prone position, among which the Holger-Nielsen Method is the most common. Here, the victim is made to lie on his stomach with his elbows bent and his hands under his head. The person administering artificial respiration kneels down with his left knee opposite the victim’s head and his right foot on the ground, near the victim’s left elbow.


He then places his hands on the back of the victim the thumbs just touching, and gently rocks forward until his arms are almost vertical and he is exerting pressure on the back. The entire moment takes seconds. The moment causes air to be exhaled. After this, the reviver rocks back gently counting “three” for one second and places his hands under the victim’s elbows The reviver then slides his hands past the victim’s shoulders until his hands can grip the victim’s upper arm near to the elbows. Then he rises and pulls the victim’s arms until tension is felt. This action, which is completed in two seconds by counting “four, five”, causes air to rush in to the lungs of the victim. Afterwards, by counting up to “six” for one second, the reviver lowers the victim’s arms to the ground and brings back his hands to the original position. This completes a full cycle. 10 to 12 full cycles are applied in a minute. Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation: The mouth-to-mouth method assures positive moment of air in to the lungs. Therefore this method is preferred when the victim cannot be placed on his back or if he is still on a pole or a tower after receiving shock. The procedure for mouth-to-mouth resuscitation is as follows: 1. Remove any obstruction from the victim’s mouth. 2. Place the victim on his back with his head tilted backwards and his chin pointing upwards. 3. Open our mouth wide and take a deep breath. Place your mouth tightly over the victim’s mouth and keep his nostrils tightly shut. 4. Blow gently in to the lungs of the victim until the victim’s lungs get filled with air. 5. Remove your mouth and watch for the return rush of air from the victim’s lungs. 6. When the expiration is complete. Repeat the procedure until the victim resumes natural breathing. Mouth to nose Method: 1. Place him on back 2. Clear his mouth and throat. Turn his head to side and remove any foreign bodies with fingers. 3. Tilt his head back by holding lower jaw – open this air passage and keep tongue out of throat. 4. You take deep breath of fresh air. 5. Place mouth over his nose. Hold mouth closed. 6. Blow in to nose. Adults blow fully, children puff gently watch chest rise. 7. Remove mouth left chest fall. 8. Continue mouth to nose breathing about 12 times per minute until patient resumes breathing. 9. The burns are covered with clean cloth.


For electric suffocation, asphyxiation, heart attac ks and drowning 1. By laying the patient with his face downward 2. By laying the patient with his face upward. 3. Mouth to nose Out of these three, mouth to nose is best and effective method and is becoming popular day by day. For mouth to nose resuscitation Advantages (a) More efficient than other methods. With body pressing and arm lifting methods air inhaled is 736 cubic centimeters and in mouth to nose method air inhaled is 1000 to 2000 cubic centimeters. (b) Can be applied immediately (ex: while bringing patient down from the pole or while in water). (c) Can be used if chest is damaged (ex: crushed ribs) (d) Easy to remember and apply. Disadvantages (a) Hard to practice. (b) Dislike of personal contact which can soon disappear in emergency. (c) Chances of transfer of bacteria is very small.

6. MATERIAL HANDLING AND UP KEEP OF WORKING ENVIRONMENT

Road Vehicles :

Battery to be checked Brake and horn to be checked Water to be filled in radiator. Diesel oil to be checked in tank as required.

IMPORTANCE OF UP KEEP OF MATERIALS Steps to be taken for proper up keep of environment clean:

All the materials concerned to the depot should be kept at their respective places.

Frequent change of materials from one place to another place is avoided. Inflammable material should be kept away from fire, heat and electric mains. Fire extinguishers, sand and water are to be kept at prominent places. High standard of cleanliness shall be maintained. Waste material, oily waste or

rags etc. shall be removed from the premises daily and suitable disposed of . Trees and rank vegetation shall not be permitted to grow in the neighborhood of

substations, switching stations or other buildings. Roofs of buildings and the


whole area of the sub stations and offices shall be kept clear of dry leaves, packing cases or other dry combustible material.

Before starting welding and cutting operations, it shall be ensured that sparks arising therefrom do not lodge in wood work or ignite other combustible material in the area.

While installing heating devices, hot water pipes, etc. suitable clearances from the combustible material shall be maintained.

The vicinity of cables should be kept clear of oily dirt or other combustible material.

Concerned to stores:

The released / unserviceable items are to be disposed off. The waste is to be collected in trays to avoid spillage. In case the ground is greasy or oily it must be cleaned with sand. The premises should be prohibited for trespassers. Store should be kept clean and tidy.

Concerned to office premises:

Office should be kept clean Bushes near to the office premises should be removed. Plantation should be done in the office premises

7. CLEANING AND UPKEEP OF WORKING AREA

Cleanliness is the absence of dirt, dust, stains, waste, unused material, bad smells and clutter. Purposes of cleanliness include health, good look, and to avoid the spreading of dirt and contaminants to oneself and others.

Proper up Keeping of the work area is an very important activity be to followed in the work area. Following points to be noted:-

1. Material stacking to be done properly, new material and used material to be kept separately.

2. New material received from stores to be located separately in the place nominated 3. Un-used / condemned material should be segregated as ferrous and non- ferrous and

be to kept separately. 4. After collection of sufficient scrap / condemned material, same to be handed over to

the concerned section for further disposal. 5. Work area should be kept clean, waste or un-wanted material should be thrown in the

dust bins. 6. Proper ventilation and illumination is to be ensured at the work spot. 7. Tools and Measuring instruments including testing appliances should be handled

carefully and should be kept at the nominated location. 8. Lubricants, oils, cotton waste are to be kept separately to avoid fire accidents.


9. Inflammable materials like acids and gas cylinders should be handled carefully. A fire fighting arrangement should be provided in this area.

10. First Aid box should be provided at easily accessible area.

OVER VIEW OF ELECTRIC LOCO SHED

The organization pattern in a Electric Loco Shed will generally be as shown below:- Sr DEE /TRS / ELS DEE/TRS / ELS

ADEE I SMM/ELS ADEE II SE JE Sr Tech Tech I Tech II Tech III Khalasi Helper Khalasi

The function of the different sections apart from the office setup will be as detailed

below. E1: Electric loco trouble shooting, Engine examination testing of locomotives,

blowing and cleaning of locomotive, Planning the schedule inspections, repairs , overhauls etc. Maintenance of history cards, defects cards, preparation of job cards liaison between running side and maintenance. This section works round the clock

E2: Electric inspection and repairs, Replacement of parts noticed to be

defective on the loco motive itself during inspection. Only control equipment and heavy electrical equipment like tap changer, transformers and rectifiers and their associated equipment fall under this section.

E3: rotating machines like Traction motors, auxiliary motors, inspection repair

and overhaul. E4: Inspection repair and overhaul of all delicate and precession electrical

equipment like relays speedometers, ammeters, Voltmeters, and circuit breakers.


E5: Heavy electrical repairs intermediate overhaul electrical equipment other

than rotating machines, Relays, Circuit Breakers etc. Also repair oll defective electric equipment removed during inspection by E2 and rmoved from temporary repaired locomotives.

E6: Heavy schedule like AOH, IOH, replacement of cables, major

modifications, and overhauling of RSI, Batteries, switch board panels, MPs, BL box, CHBA etc.

M1: Inspection of mechanical parts of locomotive like under frame, brake gear,

wheel and axles, buffing gear, and running mechanical repairs. M2: Lifting of locos in the lifting bay, removing of roofs, hoods, and all

equipment requiring crane operation in the lifting bay. M3: Pantograph inspection repair and overhaul. M4: Machine shop (Black smithy, Carpentary, Brazing, Welding works,

Fabrication works, Repairing of Snubbers) and wheel lath. M5: Pneumatic equipment for brakes, exhausters, compressors, Inspection

repair and overhaul.M6: heavy mechanical repair work to bogies, body, intermediate overhaul of heavy mechanical parts.

General: General section for crane operation, shed cleaning, handling of materials. TECH: The Technical Investigation Section should be under the charge of a

senior supervisor answerable to DEE through AEE. SSE/STORE:The Stores Progressing Section should be under a senior supervisor also

under AEE. Tool Room: To maintain all types of tools, Measuring instruments, gauges, meters for

the purpose of workers and to get it repaired in case of defects noticed, and also to arrange for periodic calibrations.

Oil Room: To keep sufficient quantities of oils (lubricants) greases by duly drawing

from stores depot including the requirement of diesel oil used for road vehicles and for schedule maintenance of Locomotives. Apart from the above sections the ELS have the following sections.


Basic training centre, Hindi Library, First Aid Centre, Canteen, Drawing section, Computer Centre, Time Office, Senior DEE Office, RPF Post, Conference Hall.

MAIN PARTS OF THE LOCOMOTIVE AND LOCATIONS

S.NO.

NAME OF THE EQUIPMENT

ABBR.

QTY.

LOCATION

1. Pantographs PT 2 Roof 2. Roof bars 8 Roof 3. Pantograph Isolating switches HPT 2 Roof 4. Loco grounding switch HOM 1 Roof 5. Main Circuit Breaker DJ 1 Roof 6. Roof line Insulator 7 Roof 7. A-33 Bushing A33 1 Roof 8. Main Transformer TFP 1 HT Compartment 9. Radiator RH 1 TFP 10. Arno Converter/Static Inverter ARNO 1 Machine room 11. Main Compressors MCP 3 Machine room 12. Traction Motor Blowers MVMT 2 Machine room 13. TFP Oil Pump MPH 1 TFP 14. SL Cooling Blower MVSL 2 HT Compartment 15. Rectifier Cooling Blowers MVSI 2 RSI 16. Vacuum Pumps MPV 2 Machine Room 17. Auxiliary Compressor MCPA 1 Cab-I centre locker 18. Tap Changer GR 1 TFP 19. Surge Protection Panels ETTFP 2 TFP 20. Rectifier Blocks RSI 2 HT Compartment 21. Smoothening Reactors SL 2 Under gear 22. Line Contactors L1 to L6 6 HT Compartment 23. Traction Motors TM 1 to 6 6 Bogie 24. Reversers J1 J2 2 BA Panel 25. RPS Resistances RPS 6 TFP 26. Shunting Contactors RS 18 BA Panel 27. Inductive Shunts (SJ’s) SJ 3 BA Panel 28. Differential Current Relays QD 2 BA Panel 29. TM Voltmeters U 4 Driver’s Desk 30. TM Ammeters A 2 Driver’s Desk 31. DBR Resistances (unit) RF 6 BA Panel 32. ATFEX Transformer ATFEX 1 BA Panel 33. CTF1,2,3 CTF 3 BA Panel 34. C 145 Contactor C-145 1 BA Panel


35. Relay Q20, QE, QF1&2 each Q 1 HT Compartment 36. Bogies 2 Under gear 37. Wheel Sets 6 Bogie 38. Brake Cylinders 8 Bogie 39. Axle Boxes 12 Wheel Sets 40. Gear Cases 6 Under Gear 41. SB Oil Pumps 6 Under Gear 42. Battery Boxes BA BOX 4 Under Gear 43. Batteries BA 10 Battery Box 44. CBC’s CBC 2 Front side of the loco 45. Side Buffers 4 Front side of the loco 46. Cattle guards 2 Front side of the loco 47. Rail guards 4 Cattle guard 48. Brake Pull Rods 8 Bogie 49. Brake Blocks 24 Bogie 50. Head Light HL 2 Front side of the loco 51. Flasher Light FL 2 Front side of the loco 52. Marker Lights ML 4 Front side of the loco 53. LT/HT Horns 2 Roof 54. BP,FP,Train pipes 2 Front side of the loco 55. BP/FP angle cocks 2 Front side of the loco 56. BC,MR equalizing pipes 2 Front side of the loco

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