studio air journal part b xing yi, 692049

STUDIO AIRAlgorithmic Journal2016 SEMESTER 1, SonyaXing Yi692049

Contents

INTRODUCTION

PART A: CONCEPTUALIZATION

A.1 Design Futuring

A.2 Design Computation

A.3 Composition & Generation

A.4 Conclusion

A.5 Learning Outcomes

A.6 Algorithmic Sketches

PART B: CRITERIA DESIGN

B.1 Research Field

B.2 Case Study 1.0

B.3 Case Study 2.0

B.4 Technique: Development

B.5 Technique: Prototypes

B.6 Technique: Proposal

B.7 Learning Objectives and Outcomes

B.8 Algorithmic Sketches

PART C: DETAIL DESIGN

C.1 Design Concept

C.2 Tectonic Elements and Prototypes

C.3 Final Detail Model

C.4 Learning Objectives and Outcomes

INTRODUCTION

I’m Xing, born and raised in China, currently taking Architecture as my major under the Bachelor of Environment.

My family engaged in garment industry, so I was brought up under the influence of costume design. And I truly used to dream about my future about being a designer. But the real life isn’t just that easy to progress what you want to be. However, I feel very luck that I am doing architecture now which I think it is pretty similar to the costume design, both of those need to convert the idea into digital form by using various design tools and manufacture them into physical. I really enjoy the progress of making a conception in real. It satisfies me, eventhought the process was full of pain because my lack experience of using 3D modeling software. I used to spend whole week on figuring out how's the rhino work or how can I use illustrator more efficient. I always went crazy at that time and wanted to give up in every second. I even felt it was so annoying to open my laptop, it just so difficult for me. It was my hard time that I seldom slept for learning those tools. Fortunately, I finally went through the trait after my efforts, and I am delighted to have a good result at the end. Those experience always facilitate and support me right now.

Eventhought, I have none experience on Grasshopper and new in Autocad, I think I can deal with them and push myself to study hard to catch up with the study process. As the development of digitization become more and more significant, the digital design tools start to increasing use in Architecture trades. Such as computer modeling, programming, imagine and so on . The digital technology really help the architects to create both virtual forms and physical structure. It rotates the architcture art in to new tendency, more declica, more elaborate, and more powerful than the traditional drawing and manufacture.

The 3D modeling structure on the right was the project that I done in Digital Design and Fabrication. Used Rhino to model my conception of second skin protection on human body, then transfered the 3-dimentions model into 2-dimentions drawing. After that, used laser cut to print out various geometries drawings in plates and connected those plates to form a physical model. This was my inital experience on digital design tools, it was impressive and it totally renew my notion of architecture which was drawing and modeling by hand. So hopefully, I can keep going and discover more attractive perspective of Digital Architecture.

4 CONCEPTUALISATION

FIG.1: DIGITAL DESIGN AND AND FABRICATION , SECOND SKIN , SEM 1, 2015

CONCEPTUALISATION 5

PART A: CONCEPTUALIZATIONA1. DESIGN FUTURING

Frei Otto as one of the most famous architect who engineered the future, he contributed many ideas of various structures and building which many of them would not be exist without him. Most of his projects have indicated the ability of architecture to transform different ways of thinking. The project that I choose for design futuring is his design of tensile Arch that constructed at the entrance of the Federal Garden Exhibition.

Instead of working in the usual structure of a construction, unlike the other structures, the Entrance Arch was mainly dediated in tensile structure(cabl-net structure) which brought out a new aesthetic in architectural design, the varied utilization method of material and spatial qualities. It was built in arch-spported membrane strucutre, 314m2 fabric membrane span 34m to cover the skeleton frame.

Base on the idea of spatial management, the Entrance Arch bedded with 2.7m high masts hold up 6m high arch and extra 24m high membrane, that most of the structure is suspended in tha air as much as possible.

Project Name: Entrance Arch at the Federal Garden Exhibition

Architect(s): Frei Otto

Location: Cologne, Germany

Date: 1957

As the structure like this, roof of a tent, which use piece of fabric hanging between two points in tension, it often refer to lightweight, inecpensive membrane(fabric) strung but must engage with a complex hardware frameworks which can create a huge volumes that easy for assembling and disassembling.

This project is the pioneer of many architectural designs nowaday. The inspiratioin of this project is based on nature, bubbles, spider webs, trees which also always illuminate by many architects in theris design now

The most famous project that followed by Otts's cable- net structure is the Munich Olympic Game which designed with Gunter Behnisch. With the principle of utilizing tensile strength in archtiecture explore the progress of architecture development and inspire most of architectural work.

DEZEEN MAGAZINE, 2015. FREI OTTO: A LIFT IN PROJECTS. HTTP://WWW.DEZEEN.COM/2015/03/11/FREI-OTTO-A-LIFE-IN-PROJECTS/

CAMPBELL-DOLLAGHAN, K. 2015. 9 BUILDINGS BY FREI OTTO, THE ARCHITECT WHO ENGINEERED THE FUTURE, GIXMODE AUSTRALIA. HTTP://WWW.GIZMODO.COM.AU/2015/03/9-BUILDINGS-BY-FREI-OTTO-THE-ARCHITECT-WHO-ENGINEERED-THE-FUTURE/

FIG 1&2: Entrance Arch at the Federal Garden Exhibitionn

FIG 3: HABITAT 67, PCTURE FROM WIKIPEDIA, PICTURE FROM : HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/HABITA_67

FIG 4: HABITAT 67, PICTURE FROM DAMI LEE,HTTP://WWW.DAMILEE.COM/HABITAT-67/8 CONCEPTUALISATION

Project Name: Habitat 67

Architect(s): Moshe Sadie

Location: Montreal, Canada

Date: 1967

Habita 67, designed by Moshe Sadie is a project that haven been known as an architectural landmark and one of the most recoginzable and significant buildings in both Monteral and Canada right now. It used to be very controversial because the rereinvention of usual residential living, but it still remains Habitat 67 a funtional icon at that time.

As the architectural design becomes more and more like LEGO, many designs pursue innovative architectural concept, such as simplicity, symmetry or geometrical, but less of architects triy to make a change in residential house, the signficant concept of a living always be the comfort, the architecture reach the client's comfort that was the primary mission.

Sadie's project broke the boundaries of comtemporary architectural rules.Unlike the other residential buildings, the habitat 67 located throughtout the border of Monteral and Canada and used to be a architecture project that was ued for World Expo. It standed out with its unique structure.The special geometric construction were certainly a successful notion, through its anti-symmetry, decentralize and irrgular form, a fresh architectural aesthetics was introducted.

Also for me, this project inspire me to think about our social life, isolate and group, disperse and centralized which I think the sensibility of this project really deep into life. The relationship between human and human in society is prefectly emerged on this residential builidng. The criss-crossing structures just like the network of relationship, several graphics(building blocks) pieced together to form a whole, the tortuous passages forming a bridge of communication, like the partnership between human.

On the other hand, in this staggered and complex building, there are a trace of hightlights on it. People now have a concertration on enironment, and purse a healthy lifestyle in this chaos. The exceptional arrangement of the structure contributes to the sustable design method, the staggered blocks present a spacial founctionality. It is not extends the pubilc area for residents but also allows the natural light come in and connect people with nature, people can live in a house that might have light from every aspects. The new spacial structure reach the harmony of human and human, human and nature.

This project not only redefine the architectural aesthetics, but also redefine the city living. And this concept is currently used in current residential building, like the student builidings that near the university. Same structure, but more sophisticated and modern in appearance and material.

THE GUARDIAN, 2016. HABITAT 67, MONTERAL’S ‘FAILED DREAM’ - A HISTORY OF CITIES IN 50 BUILDINGS, DAY 35. HTTP://WWW.THEGUARDIAN.COM/CITIES/2015/MAY/13/HABITAT-67-MONTREAL-EXPO-MOSHE-SAFDIE-HISTORY-CITIES-50-BUILDINGS-DAY-35

WIKIPEDIA , 2016. HABITAT 67. HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/HABITAT_67

FIG 4: HABITAT 67, PICTURE FROM DAMI LEE,HTTP://WWW.DAMILEE.COM/HABITAT-67/CONCEPTUALISATION 9

A2. DESIGN COMPUTATION

Project Name: Ordos Art & City Museum

Architect(s): Chinese MAD architects

Location: Ordos, Inner Mongolia, China

Date: 2011

The architecture is closely associated with its content production. Only the architect who mastered the convenience of both of them can design a proper construction of the pragmatism. like the Ordos Art&City Museum designed by Chinese MAD Studio and and is focused on the history of the ordos area, as well as on the culture and traditions of Inner Mongolia. The entire construction extudes a powerful and solemn atmosphere which also demonstrates the historic information and echnology as a whole.

Away from the traditional Chinese museum, this Ordos Museum is shaped like a huge undulating blob and cladded in polished metal tiles. The framework can efficiently prevent the sandstorms problem which always happen in Ordos.

Inside the museum, on figure 7, we can see the unfinished structure where the polished metal ciss-crossing together and the simulated diagram on figure 6 show the complex the museum and it is a difficult mission for the architects to consider every details and issue.

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Within the use of computational design tools, the architects will be able to modelling the structure quickly and also be able to develop adaptable solution for the architectural mistakes. The design computation is not only a efficiential technology for converying concept to structure but also prompted the architects to illustrate more precision architeture.

Design Computation can also encourage the architect engage in a formulative thinking which benefit them to create a greater solution to a complex project like the museum. The use of the computation have developped the framework system of the building, which the metal were arched in a curve to form the shell shape and can also be refined through the computional process. Once the refinded done, the structure is more energy-saving than before which this is also respond to material consumption of building itself and apparently, it helps to save energy in future architecture.

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DESIGNBOOM, 2009. MAD ARCHITECTS: ERDOS MUSEUM, CHINA. HTTP://WWW.DESIGNBOOM.COM/ARCHITECTURE/MAD-ARCHITECTS-ORDOS-MUSEUM-CHINA/

ARCHDAILY. 2012. ORDOS ART & CITY MUSEUM / MAD ARCHITECTS. HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/211597/ORDOS-ART-CTY-MUSEUM-MAD-ARCHITECTS

10 CONCEPTUALISATION

FIG 5: ORDOS ART & CITY MUSEUM, PICTURE FROM :HTTP://WWW.DESIGNBOOM.COM/ARCHITECTURE/

FIG 6: INTERIOR 3D MODELLING, PICTURE FROM :HTTP://WWW.DESIGNBOOM.COM/ARCHITECTURE/MAD-ARCHITECTS-ORDOS-MUSEUM-CHINA/

FIG 7: INTERIOR UNFINISHED STRCUTRUE OF THE MUSEUM, PICTURE FROM:HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/211597/ORDOS-ART-CTY-MUSEUM-MAD-ARCHITECTS

CONCEPTUALISATION 11

FIG 8: ABSOLUTE TOWERS. PICTURE FROM: HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/772466/LACMA-DISTINGUISHED-ARCHITECTS-LECTURE-SERIES-MA-YANSONG-MAD-ARCHITECTS

FIG 9: ABSOLUTE TOWERS. PICTURE FROM: HTTP://WWW.DEZEEN.COM/2012/12/12/ABSOLUTE-TOWERS-BY-MAD/

FIG 10: ABSOLUTE TOWERS. PICTURE FROM:: HTTP://WWW.DEZEEN.COM/2012/12/12/ABSOLUTE-TOWERS-BY-MAD/


Project Name: Absolute Towers

Architect(s): MAD architects & Burka architects

Location: Mississauga, Ontario, Canada

Date: 2012

In this information-digitalized times, "a technological revolution that impacts the way that information is processed has the potential to affect core architectural processed and products, and also have a revoluting effect on the profession and disciplines of architecture." by Design Workshop lecture. Indeed, a new architectural design technology is developping and is emerging with us through computation.

With the rapid development of technology, the computation design has also faciltated the performance and efficiency of architectural work in a better manner. Make use of computation in architecture can encourage the architect to construct the project in various ways and develop suitable method to perform the structure. Given the Absolute Towers as example. Unlike the usual skyscraper which establish the building in straight line, this project set the basement as the center of rotation which each storeys have rotated in certain degrees toward the same direction.

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By using the 3D modelling rhino with new tools Grasshopper, the architect can demonstrate the data of the degree that each storeys should shift and the potential rendings of the project. With the parametric system in grasshopper, the simulated model can preform various form of the structure, then the architect can assess the different of the structure in variouse degree, direction and even in diferent material. This is the benefit that computation bring out to contemporary design which traditional design can not reach.

On the other hand, the revolution of drawing technology also shift the architectural method in a new trend. Instead of drawing the project in plane, model the project in 3D can show more aspects than 2D does. Using Rhino can allow us to play around with the model, like the towers shown on the left, in rhino, we can illustrate the model in 360 degrees in every angles and enable to discover the significant detail of the project. So, as conclusion, the computation do bring a ot of benefits to architectural design, it creates a new dynamic structure in future project.

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ABSOLUTE TOWERS BY MAD ARCHITECTS, 2016. HTTP://WWW.HOMEDIT.COM/ABSOLUTE-TOWERS-BY-MAD-ARCHITECTS/

ARCHDAILY. 2015. LACMA DISTINGUISHED ARCHITECTS LECTURE SERIES: MA YANSONG, MAD ARCHITECTS. HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/772466/LACMA-DISTINGUISHED-ARCHITECTS-LECTURE-SERIES-MA-YANSONG-MAD-ARCHITECTS

DEZEEN. 2012. ABSOLUTE TOWERS BY MAD. HTTP://WWW.DEZEEN.COM/2012/12/12/ABSOLUTE-TOWERS-BY-MAD/


Project Name: United Kingdom’s Pavilion

Architect(s): Heatherwick Studio

Location: Shanghai, China

Date: 2010

Computation requires a extent comprehension of the relationship within the project itself and also need to incorporate the approach of geometries and algorithmic thought.

The United Kingdom’s Pavilion (UK Pavilion) was constructed by the team Heatherwick tudio. It is one of the most famous Pavilions that exhibit in World Expo in Shanghai. As the budget for this project is very small, they designed to do a pavilion that is powerful and simply in visual and also enought strong to make the visitor to have a deep impression, so the UK Pavilion is sucessfully reached the brief of the project.

This project can be determined as a exploration of design computation, it demonstrates an alternative theory of using programming system.

A3. Composition & Generation

As the less of the budget caused the architect to be strategic and pragmatice, they came out with a clear, simple but firm concept of the structure itself. They had certain thought that want to use in the design process, such as “hair as forming the outward projection of the its orginal shape” “let the texture become its form”. The notion of texture is actually form the entire structure of the project. Once the theory is made, it is a challenge to do with generation within computation.

The computation won’t be able to change architect’s mind if already make, it always doing prefect job and provide the best outcome of the project where the architect who is less meticulious and more focus on the exist idea of the structure itself, he might has ignored the important process of generation. Architects always find and fix the problem during the gengerative process, without it, the project might has inherent risk. So a enough generative process in computation is necessary and is a signficant process in modelling object.

HEATHERWICK STUDIO. 2010. HTTP://WWW.HEATHERWICK.COM/UK-OAVILION/

2SEBASTIAN JORDAMA. 2010. HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/58591/UK-PAVILION-FOR-SHANGHAI-WORLD-EXPO-2010-HEATHERWICK-STUDIO


FIG 11: UK Pavilion. picture from http://www.archdaily.com/58591/uk-pavilion-for-shanghai-world-expo-2010-heatherwick-studio

FIG 12: INTERIOR OF UK PAVILION. PICTURE FROM HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/58591/FIG 13: DETAIL OF UK PAVILION. PICTURE FROM HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/58591/UK-PAVILION-FOR-SHANGHAI-WORLD-EXPO-2010-HEATHERWICK-STUDIO


Project Name: Beetls Shell Inspired Pavilion (ICD ITKE Research Pavilion

Architect(s): The University of Stuttgart Studio

Location: Stuttgart Germany

Date: 2013-2014 for exhibition

With the computation gradually deepen in architectural design process. The digital technologies has been commonly use in contemporay archtiectural practice. The architect have been shifted to use programming system instead of traditional architectural technique. By manipulating the program system is to discover more novel methods and invent more potential structures which can promote the architect to think in a more creative manner so architect would have more opportunities to develop their ideas step by step. And a more accurate design process would provide a better exploration in final design project.

Take the Pavilion that designed by The University of Stuttgart as a example, a project that is big and complex like that, it generate in a very slow process to manufacture. It contains a lot of components and incorporates various design concepts like bend arch, hole, tensile structure, cross strusture and also the material uilization. Undoubtedly, the computation can evaluate the object in a more detailed and efficient way.

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Refer to the picture that shown on FIG 15. The pavilion was insprited by the beetls shell which is irregualar, geometric and lumpy. The drawings were all made within computational programming, showing the generation of the structure. We can see that the structure and being transform from polygon to circle inside and also the structure lines have been rotated that create a structure which is criss-cross. The concept have been generated from a simple object to final structure through computation. Architects gain information follow the programming process and therefor would be able to develop the most suitable structure for the project.

However, programming is not always work prefectly as we want, it has a limited understanding of what we want to show, the program always have a limitation in the structure setting, once our ideas excessed its boundedness, the computation would be incapable to finish the work.

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BERLY MOK, K. 2014. TREEHUGGER - SUSTAINABILITY MADE SIMPLE.. HPPT://WWW.TREEHUGGER.COM/GREEN-ARCHITECTURE/ROBOTICALLY-WOVEN-CARBON-FIBER-PAVILION-BIOMIMICS-BEETLE-SHELL-ICD-ITKE-UNIVERSITY-STUTTGART.HTML


FIG 14: BETLS SHELL INSPIRED PAVILION, PICTURE FROM: BERLY MOK,K. 2014. TREEHUGGER-SUSTAINBILITY MADE SIMPLE

FIG 15: ASSEMBLING DRAWINGS OF BEETLS SHELL PAVILION. PICTURE FROM:


A4. Conclusion

Part A explores the relationship between architectural precedect and its potential development in design computation as well as the development of computation technology itself. On the other word, the contemporary architectural design has been influenced by the promotion of the algorithmic thinking and computional theory.It has generally change our current design method in architecture. It is certained that our concept has become more and more accurate and clear to show on the construction throught the computation process. It is a revolution that influences the way that architects thinking in various ways and have different method on problem-solving. The computation development in architecture not only improve the productivity and efficiency of the design, but also provides a better condition for architects to explore their creativity.

In the case of Merri Creek, a good understanding of the site and rational analysis of the relationship between each system can make us have better conception of what should we dispose and what arhictectural theory we intend to involove in this area. Make use of the algorithmic thinking, we would be able to have a better comprehensioin of the interrelated systems of the site and then have a clear response to the environment, And for me, I intend to develop my design in process by using parametric computation which is not only more efficiency and accurate than traditional design thinking but also bring out a more sustainble and better problem-solving in future architectural practise.


A5. Learning Outcome

After learning the conceptualization, my knowledge of architectural design has completely change. My previous understanding of design is only the discipline that I need to try my best to sell my project to the audience with beautiful layout and diagram in the presentation, a lot of CAD work, modelling my project more accurate in digital form, what I know was the better literal work that you done, the better result that you got. However, learning the algorithmic thinking and design computation, I always gain surprise during the process. Like the use of Rhino incorporate with Grasshopper can provide various potential development instead of only in one dimension.

By using the algorithmic design, I can see the relationship between each pattern in Grasshopper, how can they connect together, and what cause them disconnect, although applying Grasshopper make the work more complex, I am still trying to figure out the meaning and the function of each pattern. Well, it is actually very annoying to see the failure of the connection, what can be done by rhino does not always work the same on grasshopper. However, in the grasshopper pattern network, we can clearly see the relationship between each action, it can be understanding that architecture likes nature is under sequence, it has origin which generate to the consequence, and we would be able to manipulate it if we comprehend the process.

My new understanding of architecture with algorithmic theory and computational process can help me to expand my creativity in future design practise. As I have learned a lot from the computation, I might able to develop my knowledge in various disciplines and discover more architectural aesthetics in my studio and future career.


A6. Algorithmic Sketches


PART B: CRITERIA DESIGN

B1. RESEARCH FIELD

PATTERNING

We can reasonably regard the Pattern as a metaphysics which can be able to process the constructives activities in the real world. When we scraped off or reconstitue some of the substrate elements to understand the variety of pattern in our world, we are able to recreate and extending our intelligence which we call this technology. The power of self-replicating system which emerged from Pattern is exactly the technology that we can go further more in architecture field. Pattern continuously reflect in life and wisdom and it is more important that its own compositive materials.

Pattern used to have its own status and adequate deveopment in traditional design concept. Eventhought it is the most orginial and most obvious element in contemporary spacial design, it is always overlooked and has not been deemed as necessary to exist (often seen as a form, material, or ornamentation). Pattern was originally serving a decorative role to adorn the building environment with culturally and religiously significant meaning. Such as the ornamentation in early Churches, Palaces and Mosques. The decorative geometric patterns at that time was generally functioned as a medium to demonstrate and exploit the religious belief and spirtual aesthetic to the world. It has indicated the pattern as a communicative role and also reveal the ability of pattern to create certain effect on visual, spirit and other aspects.

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Pattern actually is a kind of fundamental feature of spatial design. Whether it is natural or artificially created pattern, it is always produced throught the interaction effect of various system such as dimension, time and proportion, and the element in pattern language are always combined, governed by certain rules. Meanwhile, every theory, design and space have its unique pattern, it might be from its own histroy, habits or regional forms which generally act like a fingerprints indicates the characteristics of different spatial morphology.

Some of the patterning example can be seen in Edithvale-Seaford Wetlands Discovery Centre, by Minifie van Schaik architects. The interior of this "floating" discovery centre contains an interpretive gallery with special-designed glazing to offer views of the wetland and minimise vision into the building. And the raked external reflection with corrugate facade are always of the ground, aviod lest birds confuse relection for the reality. It is a common association throughout regional form to associate pattern with nature which relate to similar principle of nature as a self-organising system of interrelated parts and organisms. The pattern, as a expression of structure out of which it was made, might go much further more than other physical need and it would communicate and manufests the ideas in future period.

CARTER, P. 2016. EDITHVALE-SEAFORD WETLANDS DISCOVERY CENTRE BY MINIFIED VAN SCHAIL. HTTP://ARCHITECTUREAU.COM/ARTICLES/WITH-ALL-THE-VIEWS/ ARCHITECTS. HTTP://ARCHITECTUREAU.COM/ARTICLES/WITH-ALL-THE-VIEWS/

WIKIPEDIA. 2016. PATTERN(ARCHITECTURE). HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/PATTERN_(ARCHITECTURE)

ADAM, M. 2010. PATTERNS & STRUCTURE. HTTP://PS-FALL2010.TUMBLR.COM/SYLLABUS


FIG 16: EDITHVALE SEAFORD WETLANDS DISCOVERY CENTRE. PICTURE FROM: HTTP://WWW.MVSARCHITECTS.COM.AU/DOKU.


B2. CASE STUDY 1.0

Herzog & De Meuron is a fine arts museum located in the middle of an urban park.

The designers were sensitive to the appearance of the building in its natural setting. The entire exterior facade is clad with variably perforated and dimpled copper plates. Each plates have different sizes of holes which huge amount of copper plates wall has exhibited a distinct pattern along the wall than the traditional architectural facade. The light shadow are sieved to penetrate the copper holes and mapping an unique pattern of little bright spots. Insterestingly, the variably perforated and dimpled cooper plate, which are expected to eventually oxidize and take on a greenish tone and a distinct texture to echo the nearby eucalyptus tree.

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Herzog de Meuron - de Young Museum

It can be seen that the architects were focus on the digital design process to emphasis the patterning on the surface of the structure. They used computation and fabrication technology to precisely control the patterning transforming in a predicatable manner which laid emphasis on the vast accurate details on every structure facades.

The patterning design on this museum has explored and expand the boundaries of patterning which it used to be act a decorative role. The notion of the structure surface as a closed, solid and opaque wall has changed, the transparency of surface exhibits through pattern. The patterning design on the surface is not more just for decoration, it brings a new aesthetics of material skin in architecture.

ITERATIONS 1

1.0 1.1 1.2

PEREZ, A. (2010). M.H. DE YOUNG MUSEUM / HERZOG & DE MEURON. HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/66619/M-H-DE-YOUNG-MUSEUM-HERZOG-DE-MEURON

1.5 1.6 1.7


Species 1 - Change Parameters of Image SamplerRadian = Number slider1.0 - Original

1.1 - Change the slider to 0.25

1.2 - Evaluate the expression to { x*y+0.1}

1.3 - Change the picture of the Image Sampler.

1.4 - Change of the filter of the Image Sampler into Saturation.

1.5 - Change the picture of the Image Sampler, evaluate the expression to { x*y*z }

1.6 - Divide Surface without selecting reparameterize.

1.7 - Replace circle with polygon, set number of segement with 3 which form triangle patterning.

1.8 - set number of segement with 4 which form square patterning. Expression {x*y+z}

1.9 - Remap the expression with new domain -1~0, which negative shift the pattern in opposite direction.

1.3 1.4

PEREZ, A. (2010). M.H. DE YOUNG MUSEUM / HERZOG & DE MEURON. HTTP://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/66619/M-H-DE-YOUNG-MUSEUM-HERZOG-DE-MEURONFIG 17: PEREZ, A. (2010). M.H. DE YOUNG MUSEUM / HERZOG & DE MEURON. HTTP://WWW.

1.8 1.9


B2. CASE STUDY 1.0

2.0 2.1 2.2

2.5 2.6 2.7

ITERATIONS 2

3.0 3.1 3.2

3.5 3.6 3.7


2.1 - The expression of outer circle radius change to { x*y=0.1 }

2.2 - Scale up the slider of the movement on z-axis to 50.

2.3 -Evaluate the expression of the movement to {x2*(y+1)}

2.4 - Outer circle with radius 0.5. Inner circle with radius 0.1.

2.5 - Remove the expression of the movement on z-axis.

2.6 - Outer circle replaced by triangle which create smaller circlar on top and bigger triangle on bottom.

2.7 - Outer circle replaced by square which create bigger circlar on top and small square on bottom.

2.8 - Replace both inner and outer circle with square.

2.9 - Remove the Flatten element from the movement.

2.3 2.4

2.8 2.9

Species 3 - Peformence 3.0 - Reset the Remap domain to all positive.

3.1 - Remove the Remap element and insert new image.

3.2 - Use of Point Charge to evaluate the point field

3.3 - Extrude the Point field and offset to make the pattern perforated.

3.4 - Set one Charger point and alter the slider

3.5 - Set three points spread across the surface

3.6 - Set mulitiple points that run in a circle without make solid difference

3.7 - Set mulitiple points that run in two squares on the surface

3.8 - Extrude inner geometries with higher length than outer geometries extrusion

3.9 - Extrude outer geometries with higher length than inner geometries extrusion

3.3 3.4

3.8 3.9


B2. CASE STUDY 1.0

Successful Species

Through various alterations and additions in grasshopper, we can see different potential results that being produced in rhino. It is such a testament of the eolution of idea within limited condition in design. It is noteworthy that, the designer might has to consider in advance what changes are to be made. It requires designer to think about the interrelation between ech components and make a rational process to lead to the varuation of the pattern.

The patterning facade technique and the manipulation of the parameters lead me to find new opportunities for architectural design development. Like the grasshopper components for De Young Museum, due to the image in image sampling, the alteration of the image results different radius of the geometries on the surface which create vary visual effect than the original surface.

When developing the definition of De Young Museum, I was thinking about to create a new patterning that could be used in the Dights Falls of the Merri Creek. It is interesting to explore the power of self-replicating system of patterning in our design brief( relate to natural system). We can use Its repetitous and rhythmic characteristic to explore the relationships between technolohy, culture and natural systems for Merri Creek. The one that can exhibite the natural and organic systems would be the better suited for the Merri Creek environment.

The four successful species that I select are shown below.

This surface extrusions likes the waves on the sea which create a dynamic patterning from its various height. The slow decline curve create a interesting surface tectonics and this give a sense of smooth and comfort feeling to visitor. And this has great potential to be applicated in my design project.

2.2


This used the image sampler to affect the radius of each geometry. The use of square to replace circle and setdown the middle of the geometric pattern and raise up both sides to exhibite potential movement of the patterning. At the same time, the organic form of the symmetrical pattern has revealed the mechanical aethetic of the technology.

This specics explored the possibility of a pattern transforming across its parameters from one shape into another. It can see that each geometry on the pattern surface on the right has transformed its shape from circular top to triangle bottom. It is quite interesting to evoluate the pattern from one type to end up with a completed diferent form. It could be applicated in a design to develop a visual complexity on surface.

This provides variation in the patterning direction, height and shape. It likes a wind mill , rotates toward one direction which create a dynamic phenomenon of wind movement.The prominent thorn on the pattern seem blown up by the wind and show a shaped visual image to visitor. It explores the potential function of using various geometric pattern can give visitor certain experience(feeling) from its established image.

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B3. CASE STUDY 2.0

Spanish PavilionForeign office architectsExpo 2005, Aichi, Japan.

The pavilion buildings for Expo 2005 all started out as similar, standardized blank boxes, for which the participating architects developed individual facades and interior environment. This project features the use of hexagonal lattices, composed by various tile blocks. Those tile blocks were coded with color to express the 'hybridization of jewish-Christian cultures and the islamic influence on the iberian peninsula" through the play of ‘characteristic architectural elements of the culture of synthesis’.

The specificity of these blocks pieces is they are not regular hexagons that when they are assembled, they never repeat themselves which produce a continuously varying pattern of geometry and color. On the other hand, the design difference between culled blocks and opaque blocks on the building facade engages the visitor to involve with the play of light and shadow when they explore the pavilion.

SPANISH PAVILION. HTTP://DIGIITALARCHFAB.COM/PORTAL/WP-CONTENT/UPLOADS/2012/01/SPANISH-PAVILION


FIG18: SPANISH PAVILION. HTTP://DIGIITALARCHFAB.COM/PORTAL/WP-CONTENT/UPLOADS/2012/01/SPANISH-PAVILION


B3. CASE STUDY 2.0

Spanish PavilionReverse Engineering

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The pattern is actually made of six variation of modules with different length on each hexagon side. Once evaluate the 6 primary hexagons, it can be simpliy multiplied through copy and paste. However, it was bit challenge to decompose the hexagonal grid in difference size, so starting from one hexagon, vary the hexagon side length to create a irregular shape and simply use extrude, boolean difference, copy and paste to create a dynamic patterning of the tile.

This pattern mapping may be used to generate a large areas of repeating pattern project, like the UK Pavilion that I introduced in Part A. Incorporate the image sampling tool might allow to create diverdiform of geometry on the grid pattern.

FIG19: SPANISH PAVILION. HTTP://DIGIITALARCHFAB.COM/PORTAL/WP-CONTENT/UPLOADS/2012/01/SPANISH-PAVILION


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B3. CASE STUDY 2.0Spanish Pavilion

Reverse Engineering

1 2 3

Create a 2*3 hexagonal grid and use Discontinuity to determine the end points and side curves.

Re-organized the coordniates of common points(three points in the middle) to create irregular

hexagonal. Then multiply the hexagonal grid in X/Y axis.

Hollow tiles by inversiing Offset. Use negetive slider to offset the hexagonal grid inward.


4 5 6

Extract Difference between inner hexagonal solid

and outer hexgonal solid and make surface.

Lofe inner and outer hexagonal grids and use Cap holes to create solid.

Colouring of tiles was a challenge becasue the patterning was form

base on primary hexagonal grid(2*3 grid). So the pattern was rendened by

using Set Render Colour in Rhino.


B4. Technique DevelopmentManipulate Modules

Field Charge

Image Sampler


B4. Technique DevelopmentExtrude Module

Extrude Module with Field Charge

Extrude Module with Image Sampler and Various Scale


B4. Technique Development

Selection Criteria

Some of selection critreia would be used to evaluate the iteration that response my design intention for the Merri Creek. By checking the selection criteria, I can rationally analyse some of the iterations to see whether they process in the right track or develop some of the relevent qualities that can be used for my design brief.

Complexity Does the iteration has enough geometric variation and diversity that can complement with the natural ecosystems(specially under water) of Merri Creek?

Possibility of Movement

Can the iteration be about to have any relevant translation or rotation (dynamic action) in accordance with the environmental change of Merri Creek?

Curiosity and Sensorial Engagement

Does the iteration has interesting appearance or special aesthetic that can attract user's attention and engage their sensorial experience?

Spatial arrangement Does the iteration reach in harmony with the chosen site and possess architectural qualites pof space., such as bridge, platform, walkway or seating area.

This iteration combine with various size of irregular hexagons which randomly spread over the pattern. Also the hexagons can act as the visiable rocks that half laying under the water which create a circulation for water flow and the gaps between every hexagon could provide a underwater pathway for biological activities, such as fish movement. The distinct difference in the size of the hexagon with image of stream flows create a organic form of patterning that might attract people to explore the beauty of nature.


This iteration perforation pattern has provided a unique form of patterning which used the perforation technique to create this intricated structure that composited with culled blocks. This can be seem as a platform with subaquatic vegetations planted on the larger hollowed blocks. The plantes absorb nutrients by inserting the bottom roots into the water and germinate above the platform. People could be able to walk on green platform that is closest to natural ecology.

This iteration can be seem as the combination of previous iterations. It provides a gathering place every activities. It incorporates the features of first two pattern which the diverse pattern for water circulation and hydrobios, the perforated hexagons creates ecotope area for vegetations and the continuously connected patterns provide a rigid pavement for people walking. This might be approprated to repond the site context.


B5. Technique Prototypes

The relationship between architecture and material fabriation is very important. The fabrication of some of the iterations give an opportunity to manage the complexity of the iteration by breaking down into several individual components and start to analysis the interconnection of each components and study the strategies and skills to assemble each piece into a whole object.

Material fabrication is an essential process in computational design process. In prototyping the iteration, we should consider the material selection, the connection joints of each components, the visual aethetic, the physical performence of the prototype. In building prototypes, I was able to explore the way in which iterations could be fabricated. Three of my prototypes were produced in 3mm MDF by using laser cutting which is more accurate and neat than hand made prototype.

Prototype 1

A hexagonal basement was produced to support the entire structure. Each side were 3mm inwardly reduced to create notches for connection. Six shorter piece of panels with open-joint on both side to provide interconnection with other panels. Six longer panels role as stud walls intersect each other by connecting notches.

Panels were efficiently divided the big hexagonal plate(basement) into several pieces of hexagonal component which form a symmetric pattern and it demonstrated the aesthetic of technology. And the framework of this prototype provides a prompt strategy and structural logic for module assemblability.

However, by physical prototyping this module, there was an issue about the structural connection. I have considered the stiffness of the material to ensure the stability of the structure, but overlooked the cross limit of the panel intersection. Panels were too hard to bend to insert the notches because the already interlocked sections have restricted the movement of the tranformation, which certainly leaded to the failure of whole assembly process. For further evolution, I might think about replaceing MDF with 3mm thick Boxboard which has certain rigidity and flexibility that might help to solve the connection issue.

Several pieces of ssembly panel Joints connection, interlock eachother

Cross limit (failure)

Final Structure


Refer to grasshopper script, instead of building several hexagons and connect them together, a hexagonal grid was first built to analysis the primary patterning surface by useing sticks to represent the end points (points divide surface into pattern form)

A thick line was used to outline the pattern by twining each stick to provide various potential movement. By using lines, it can be more flexbible to alter the pattern form. And lines twined in different height level represent the fluctuation in water.

Also, some the lines role as river branches which randomly run across each stick to reveal the circulation of water. This gives better understanding of the hydrodynamic of Merri Creek.

Regular arranged holes on the surface

Sticks as columns to support structure

Lines twined around the sticks to create geometric pattern

Prototype 2

The structural form of this prototype is quite similar to the Spanish Pavilion. By using the laser cut, each panel of a fragment of the hexagon were assembled into a form of jigsaw puzzle with grooves and protrusions. Those grooves and protrusions were designed in special angles and positions for them to interlock each other. This is more beneficial as the interlock method and the stiffness material provide a stronger structure, puzzles act with others to achieve a higher structural stability.

However, this structural form resist any movement, no rotation or translation and the . So, the next step with fabrication will be focusing on a more advanced structure system which can permit translation of the body. As I am creating a kinetic pattered form, the tectonics behind its structure is necessary for a successful response. So I need to consider more about the design and configuration of the mechancial function on my prototype.

Prototype 3

Sticks insert holes

Final Structure

Simulative Pattern Facade

Several pieces of ssembly panel Joints Connection Hexagons interlock each other Detail of Joints Connection


B6. Technique Proposal

Dight’s Falls

Dight's Falls is just downstream of the junction of the Yarra River with Merri Creek. The river is constricted to be 800,000 volcanic, basaltic lava flow and a much older steep, silurian sedimentary spur. The north side also contains abundant graptolite fossils in sedimentary sandstone. And the rocks were not really laid under the water, they are visible and do not avoid very large waves of the waterfall when at a very fast speed.

The red circle on Figure 20 shows my proposed placement of the deign on the site.( approximate focus on the upstream of the Dight's Falls). I also highlight the possible access route to the site (white lines), as well as the water flow direction from upstream (thin blue line) to downstream (thick blue lines). I would like my design to be visible from the track(whits line) and also integrate into the surrond environment, such as creating a suspended platform from the already existed one, patterned in sandstone texture and a portion of the formation above the water surface. So it can become a part of existing activity zone (or landscape).

FIG 20: MERRI CREEK TRIAL MAP. SCREEN SHOT FROM:HTTPS://WWW.GOOGLE.COM.AU/MAPS/PLACE/MERRI+CREEK+TRAIL,+VICTORIA/@-

Dight’s Falls

LAMPRELL, L.(2010). MELBOURNE GEOLOGY. RETRIEVED FROM:HTTP://LUCKYLAMPRELL.BLOGSPOT.COM.AU/


Upon visiting the Merri Creek, the natural toppgraphy and dese vegetation should have provided for a beautiful landscape. However, I found a something that was incompatible wih the surrounding environment which is the serious water pollution. This is evidented by the clarity of the water which the water in Merri Creek is not limpid as what I expected, the water is very turbid and yellowed. When I passed the water gentle flow area, lots of precipitated garbage were presented on the bottom. On the other side, the turbulent water on Dight's Falls muddy the water while also thrown the water stench and shun people away from the platform, which leads a waste of such a beautiful environment around Dight's Fall.

Own photo: lots of rubbished flowing on the water surface.

Own photo: Turbulent water which is turbid and yellowed


In terms of materiality, I plan to reflect the natural context of the surrounding site environment. As I drew on the right hand side. I hope to use recycled material for the whole structure, such as use WPCs(wood-plastic composites) for rigid platform, transparent plastic strip for arch rings, plastic strip is flexible as well as not blocking any view and also glimmered like jewels to create a special aesthetic to attract people.

To be able to continue the design process, the most important process for our group will be the unity of the whole structure. I think we will go for the joint connection first to see how can these two components interlock each other and then think about the kinetic system within the structure.

My proposal is to strengten human perception of the natural environment through a parametric kinetic platform. The design is by depending on the amount of the garbage that collected under the water to pull the arch rings down which interfer user's movement, they might find it difficult ot walk through the platform once once the garbage is too mass.

This design idea, inspired by the characteristic of Biothing Pavilion (My partner's research field). Biothing Pavilion is a parametric structure that mainly consist of strip and folding. Compare to Patterning which more likes a rigid form, Strip and Folding is better in flexibility and variability, and it could be better in collecting various garbage(whatever floating, sedimentary, large, small, light or heavy).

Hence, my design brief would be "By interfering visior's action of movement, encourage them not only have general concept of environment pollution but also have more sensorial experience on the environmental protection"


B7. Learning Objectives and Outcomes

Part B explored a learning process by doing iterative exercise, starting from one case studies to another case studies. Althrough the first case studies has already given the programming script, it still need to spend a long time to understand how this algorithmic scripting work to generate the design idea. However, it was quite hard to figure out every process, so start to go through other case studies and play around with them might help to understand better or even explore new potential techniques. Sometime, when we using parameter manipulation to search for possible strategies, it might often come out with unexpected results, especial when confused, looking at other similar case studies also mean looking for other posibilities. And by comparing different case studies, we can also explore various limitations of the technique which would help to reduce errors in further generation.

Also, our design idea would normally change during the computation process. By analysis various possiblities and limitation, some of the concepts that we used at the begining might not be incorporated into our final design. Such as, what I thought using notches to interlock components was very efficient, however, it did connect joints well and clear, but it also resists most of the movement and has lots of useless gaps between components.For my prototypes, it was important to figure out the intersected area which the cross limit would not be able to view untill fabricated, the structure worked well by folding the cardboard, but it totally failure when I fabricated it in MDF which the stiffness of the material and the length of the notches took mian responsibility to the failure. Learned from this, the fabrication strategies and the materials system have to be considered along the process of the design to make sure the structure is constructable and the material is suitable. For that, some ideas would be dismissed which are inevitable.

For our design concept, a combination of strip and pattern which structural connection is the most significant procedure that determine our design model quality. Whatever using notch, pin or glue to do the connection, most of the assembly structure would be done through parametering script and digital fabrication, however there is still a lot of handwork that should be done before final fabrication---lots of simulative prototypes for testing joints. Hence, coupled with parametric design and propotype is an important strategy in design process.


B8. Algorithmic Sketches


studio air journal part b xing yi, 692049

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