Biology Keystone (PA Core) QuizGenetics - (BIO.B.2.1.1 ) Inheritance, (BIO.B.2.1.2 ) Chromosome Number/Protein Synthesis, (BIO.B.2.2.1 ) Transcription

Student Name: _______________________ Date: _________Teacher Name: Jared George Score: _________

1)

The Punnett square above shows a cross between two sweet pea plants in Mendel's greenhouse. Both parents have purple flowers(Pp).

Which statement describes the offspring expected from this cross?

A) 50% white-flowered and 50% purple-flowered C) 75% purple-flowered and 25% white-flowered

B) 75% white-flowered and 25% purple-flowered D) 100% purple-flowered and 0% white-flowered

2)

Consider the possible genotypes of the offspring of two heterozygous brown goats. The ratio of brown to white offspring in this casewould be

A) 1:3. C) 3:1.

B) 2:2 D) 3:4

3) In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant over white flowers (p). If two heterozygous purple-flowered plants are crossed witheach other, then what are the possible genotypes of the offspring?

A) Pp only C) Pp and pp

B) PP and pp D) Pp, PP and pp

4)

Among a species of butterflies, the color blue (B) is a dominant trait. Yellow color (b) is a recessive trait. If a pure blue butterfly (BB)mates with a pure yellow (bb), what will the offspring look like?

A) They will all be blue. C) Half will be blue and half will be yellow.

B) They will all be yellow. D) About 75% will be blue and 25% will be yellow.

5)

Huntington's disease causes a slow degeneration of the nervous system, beginning at about age fifty. Patients with

Huntington's disease lose control of their limbs and become forgetful. As the disease grows more severe, it paralyzes and kills

them. The disorder is dominant.

Suppose that Bill's genotype is (Hh) and his wife Sharon is (hh). What are the chances that his daughter, Grace, will also haveHuntington's?

A) 0% C) 50%

B) 25% D) 100%

6)

The Punnett square shown presents a cross between two piranha. Both parents have large teeth.

According to the chart, which combination describes the offspring expected from the cross?

A) 50% large-toothed and 50% small-toothed C) 75% large-toothed and 25% small-toothed

B) 75% small-toothed and 25% large-toothed D) 100% large-toothed

7)

Two genetically identical plants were crossed. The genotypic ratios of offspring are seen in the Punnett square.

What percent of the offspring should look like the parents?

A) 0% C) 50%

B) 25% D) 75%

8) In pole beans, green pods (G) are a dominant trait, while yellow pods (g) are a recessive trait. A bean plant with a GG genotype iscrossed with a second plant that has the gg genotype. If this cross produces 500 offspring, approximately how many of the offspringwill have green pods?

A) 0 C) 250

B) 125 D) 500

9) A dominant gene that codes for red eye color in fruit flies is represented by the symbol W, while the recessive white eye gene isrepresented by the symbol w. If a parent fly with the genotype WW is crossed with a parent of the genotype Ww, what percentagethe offspring will have red eyes?

A) 100% C) 50%

B) 75% D) 25%

10)

R = red flowersr = white flowers

According to Mendel’s law of dominance, we would expect _________ percent of the offspring to have white flowers.

A) 0 C) 50

B) 25 D) 75

11) The sequence of ________________ in a DNA molecule determines the protein that will be produced.

A) lipids C) proteins

B) nucleotides D) sugars

12) Which process MUST occur before mitosis and meiosis can occur?

A) DNA translation C) DNA conjugation

B) DNA replication D) DNA transcription

13)

Impala share the African plains with other grazing animals and predators. Which change would lead to a DECREASE in the impalapopulation?

A) a reduction in the lion population C) an increase in restrictions on the hunting of impala

B)an increase in the number of other grazingantelope

D) a reduction in the populations of other impala predators

14) The snowshoe rabbit has white fur in winter and dark fur in summer. What is the main survival advantage of this fur colorchange to the rabbit?

A)The light fur keeps the rabbit from gettingsunburned in summer.

C)The dark fur absorbs more sunlight so the rabbit is warmerin winter.

B)The fur color is an adaptive form ofcamouflage to avoid predators.

D)The white fur is more valuable to fur trappers, so theanimal will be trapped and better fed in winter.

15)

What is the outcome when a cell undergoes meiosis?

A) Two diploid cells C) Four diploid cells

B) Two haploid cells D) Four haploid cells

16)

At the end of meiosis II, how does the DNA in each of the four new cells compare to the DNA from the original cell?

A)half as much and genetically the same as theoriginal

C) half as much and genetically different from the original

B)twice as much and genetically the same asthe original

D) twice as much and genetically different from the original

17) The molecular sequence, or blueprint for a protein, is originally carried by which molecule?

A) ATP C) rRNA

B) DNA D) tRNA

18) An organism with 24 chromosomes in each body cell will produce sex cells with __________ chromosomes.

A) 12 C) 48

B) 24 D) 96

19)

Rainfall & Weeds

Year Rainfall (cm) Sweet pea /m3 Chickory /m3

1980 115.5 56 47

1981 106.7 58 48

1982 71.4 28 56

1983 88 31 62

1984 127.5 79 29

The chart shows the average population of two competing weeds over a square meter of ground in a Georgia field. The chart alsogives the average rainfall for five successive years. If there was an extended drought in this area, which would be a reasonableprediction?

A)The population of both weeds would bereduced, but about equal.

C)Chickory will increase, because sweet peas appear to besensitive to drought.

B)Sweet peas will increase in number andgradually outcompete chickory.

D)Both weeds will increase in population, because thedrought will increase competition between them.

20) Suppose that the great green galoofus lizard has fifty-two chromosomes in the nucleus of its body or somatic cells. How manychromosomes will be in the unfertilized egg of a great green galoofus lizard?

A) 13 C) 52

B) 26 D) 104

21) Given the sequence of DNA nucleotide bases TTAGCCTTG, give the complementary strand of mRNA produced duringtranscription.

A) AAAAAAAHH C) AAUCGGAAC

B) AAGGUAGUA D) AAUTGCCTA

22) Proteins are

A)built in the nucleus by DNA and transportedto the ribosomes.

C)produced in the lysosomes and transported out of the cellby vacuoles.

B)converted from nucleic acids to amino acidsin the nucleolus.

D)transported to other parts of the cell by the endoplasmicreticulum from ribosomes.

23) Messenger RNA carries a(n) ___________ of the DNA’s instructions out of the nucleus to the ___________.

A) exact copy; ribosome C) exact copy; mitochondria

B) transcript; ribosome D) transcript; mitochondria

24)

A portion of this DNA, known as a ________, is responsible for the inheritance of a trait, like eye color or blood type in humans.

A) chromosome C) gene

B) codon D) nucleotide

25)

What type of biomolecule will be produced at the end of the process shown in the illustration?

A) a fat C) a lipid

B) a sugar D) a protein

26) During the process of _______________, the genetic message from DNA is transformed into mRNA.

A) transcription C) translocation

B) translation D) transplantation

27)

The chart matches messenger RNA codons with amino acids.

A DNA strand has the codon AAT. According to the chart, the corresponding messenger RNA codes for which amino acid?

A) alanine C) leucine

B) glycine D) serine

28) A DNA molecule has the sequence GCATCCGA. What is the mRNA sequence resulting for this DNA code?

A) CCTAGGCT C) CGUAGGCU

B) CGTAGGCT D) GCATCCGA

29)

A _______ is a segment of a chromosome that codes for a specific protein.

A) gene C) amino acid

B) codon D) nucleotide

30) Translation of the DNA sequence AAGCTGGGA would MOST directly result in

A)an mRNA strand with the sequenceTTCGACCCT.

C) a DNA strand with the base sequence TTCGACCCT.

B)an mRNA strand with the sequenceUUCGACCCU.

D) a sequence of three amino acids, linked by peptide bonds.