Student ConductAndy, Ashleigh, Laura, and Leslie

The Beginning – 1700s

Some of the earliest forms of misconduct were dealing with students who had issues with the institution

• Corporal punishment was viewed as acceptable, but gave way to rustication and degradation (Thelin, 2004)

College presidents and administrators were at the will of donors and enforced what they wanted (as cited in Kapfl, 2011)

Early 1800s

More colleges emerged and donor influence declined

In Loco Parentis Strict rules were established and all aspects

of student life were regulated Humiliation and fines served as forms of

discipline Expulsions and suspensions were viewed as

ways to remove unwanted behaviors

(As cited in Kapfl)

Mid 1800s

Less emphasis on strict discipline led to fewer rebellions on campus

Student self-discipline and self-governance began to form students treated as young adults

Emphasis on utilitarianism and democracy

Code of conduct was more formalized

(as cited in Kapfl)

Late 1800s – A Glimpse to the Future

Special police forces were hired faculty no longer served the as only

disciplinarian Student committees formed in dorms to

maintain order Vanderbilt, Pennsylvania, Chicago

Student advisors consulted with faculty on various issues and matters that arose Princeton, Virginia, Wesleyan, Bates

Student governments eventually gained more power

(as cited in Kapfl)

1900s

Early 1900s continued to focus on student driven systems with assistance of faculty and staff

1960s brought an emphasis on the legality of student discipline Dixon v. Alabama State Board of Education - Six

black students were expelled after participating in a civil rights demonstration. They did not receive a hearing before the expulsion. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals determined it was necessary for students to have a hearing

(as cited in Kapfl)

What now?

Discipline moved into a legal minded direction relationship between student and institution is

viewed by the courts as contractual Brought about the label “judicial affairs” Disciplinarians implement more formal

investigations and ask more questions Educational opportunity to help students look

at the case objectively and to help understand their actions and consequences – Not punishment, but education

Purpose

To administer standards of student conduct within colleges and universities Maintain and strengthen ethical climate Promote academic integrity Set behavioral expectations

Accomplish in a manner that protects the rights, health, and safety of members of the community without undue interference

(http://www.theasca.org/ethicalprinciples/)

Association for Student Judicial Affairs

1986 – Don Gehring of the University of Louisville discussed plans for professional association

1987 – interested persons met at Stetson University Law and Higher Education conference, and later gathered at Louisville to create framework of organization

1989 – first annual conference in Clearwater Beach, FL

Today over 1700 members, representing 700 institutions

(“History of the ASCA”)

Student Conduct at Missouri State University

Conduct History – Missouri State

July 1907 – first written rules of conduct in the Normal School Bulletin four rules and only one was related to

student conduct (Landon, 2004) Only stated conduct rule: prohibited

students from going to pool halls Unspoken rule: no smoking or alcohol

Expectation: live morally

Conduct History – Missouri State

1920: Student Council was created; student leaders (Landon, 2004) Oversaw Student Conduct No record of how this was accomplished

The Red Book Guide to student life Small section of policies: not detailed

President had most influence on conduct

Conduct History – Missouri State

30s: Key and Dagger Club hazing incident (Landon, 2004)

40s: WWII veterans; more mature 50s: More alcohol-related incidents 60s: Student activism; streakers 70s: Panty raids by males

Conduct History – Missouri State Pre-1956: Dean of Men and Dean of Women

took care of all conduct matters (Landon, 2004)

1957: Bear Facts!; created to include a code of conduct

1962: Long-term plan; code of conduct, judicial office, system for academic dishonesty

1969-70: John Ashcroft asked to create the code

1971-72: First code of conduct included in Bear Facts!

Conduct Today – Missouri State Office of Student Conduct

Plaster Student Union Part of the Dean of Students office Coordinator: Kim Sahr Administrative Assistant Graduate Assistant

Main Purpose “to educate, protect, and hold students

accountable” (K. R. Sahr, personal communication, November 3, 2011, para. 2)

Conduct Today – Missouri State

Future goals Develop more campus initiatives for

education Developing informational handouts on

the hearing board process Revise the Code of Conduct Evaluation of the adjudication process Revise the current mission statement

Conduct Today – Missouri State Budgeting

Fairly small budget Main portion is from fines for drug and

alcohol violations; goes back into paying for drug and alcohol education

Extra money goes into more campus programming from the office and other on campus organizations

Money can be requested by other organizations if the program is related to conduct education

Analysis of Student Conduct

Analysis of MSU’s Office of Student Conduct

Mission: “to educate students concerning their rights, privileges, and corresponding duties and responsibilities.”

The office is responsible for “adjudicating alleged violations of the code, safeguarding student rights, and dealing with emergency situations which involve students”

(Office of Student Conduct, 2009)

Proactive vs Reactive

Proactive side of the office consists of upholding the student conduct code, educating, and referring students

Reactive side of the office involves disciplinary and sanctioning in regards to violations.

Also provides resources for sexual assault victims, drug abuse, alcoholism, and family violence

Accessibility for Students

A small percentage of students will ever use the services provided

Information can be found online or at the administrative office Rights and responsibilities of students Confidentiality Emergency contacts Code of Conduct

Addressing diverse and non-traditional populations

The Code of Student Rights and Responsibilities explains that all students are afforded the same basic rights Free expression Representation in student government Equal use of facilities

Strategic Direction of Student Conduct

Issues and Trends within Student Conduct

Issues Funding with struggling economy Ever changing legislation and policy

Trends Dangerous behaviors Technological advancements Academic integrity

Learning Imperatives

“Mission complements the institution's mission, with the enhancement of student learning and personal development.”

“Includes staff who are experts on students, their environments and teaching and learning processes.”

Opportunities

Office continuously tries to provide education not just discipline

Seek students, faculty, and staff that are committed to educating students

Provide opportunities to the university community through the Campus Hearing Board

Overall Strategic Direction

Provide meaningful interactions with student through more engagement

Educate students that the office is there to help, as this may deter negative behavior

Enhance communication and collaboration with other departments on campus

Further expand assessment of program area

Questions? The End.

References

American College Personnel Association. (1996). Student learning imperative. Washington D.C.

Kotler, P., & Murphy E. P., (1981). Strategic planning for higher education. The Journal of Higher Education. 470-489.

Ethical Principles and Standards of Conduct (1993, January). In Serving Higher Education Student Conduct Administrators. Retrieved October 26, 2011, from http://www.theasca.org/ethicalprinciples/

History of ASCA (n.d.). In Serving Higher Education Student Conduct Administrators.

Retrieved October 26, 2011, from http://www.theasca.org/history/ Krapfl, K.A. (2011). Judicial affairs: history, moral development, and the critical

role of students (Master’s thesis). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2097/8446

Landon, D. D. (2004). Daring to excel: The first 100 years of Southwest Missouri State

University. Marceline, MO: Walsworth Publishing Company. Missouri State University Office of Student Conduct. (2008) Code of student

rights and responsibilities. Retrieved from: http://www.missouristate.edu/StudentConduct/12331.htm