Structure 2 – Fall 2014

5th Class: October, 5th 2014Modul 7 : Comparison

Wayan Damayantiwayan.damayanti@gmail.com

Universitas Terbuka Korea Selatan

Class 5: Comparison

• This module is the continuation of comparisons in Structure 1 Class. In this module, we will be discussing about:

1. Unclear Comparison: comparison that can be ambiguous or illogical

2. Repeating Comparative : repetitive comparative and how competitive can be use as superlative between 2 things

3. Double Comparative : comparative to express continuous changes4. More used as Non-comparative : other utilization of comparative5. Less and Fewer

Learning Activity 1Unclear Comparison

Unclear comparison

Perbandingan dimana terdapat ketidak-jelasanan mengenai bagian yang dibandingkan.• John likes Rina better than MaryKalimat ini dapat memiliki dua arti yang berbeda:1. John likes Rina better than Mary likes Rina, or2. John likes Rina better than John likes MaryPengartian diatas dibedakan berdasarkan hal yang dibandingkan. Dalam kalimat pertama yang dibandingkan adalah subjeknya (John), sementara dalam kalimat ke-dua yang dibandingkan adalah objeknya (Rina).

ILLOGICAL COMPARISON

Illogical comparison adalah perbandingan yang tidak masuk akal, sehingga perlu diperbaiki. Contoh:1. Rina has a car smaller than her brother2. Mary’s grades are better than last yearSeharusnya:3. Rina has a car smaller than her brother’s car4. Mary’s grades are better now than they were last year

Learning Activity 2Repeating Comparative

The + comparative, the + comparativeDalam bahasa Indonesia : semakin …, semakin …Contoh:the bigger, the better → semakin besar, semakin baikthe more, the merrier → semakin banyak, semakin ramaiRead this!

1. The sooner you start, the more quickly you will finish2. The more dangerous it is, the more I like itLearning points:•More + adjective/adverb/noun tidak bisa dipisahkan•More harus didahului oleh the

The + comparative form

Dapat digunakan sebagai perbandingan superlative antara 2 benda.Caranya? Dengan menambahkan proposition phrase, seperti : of the two, between them or between the two pada the + comparative form. Contoh:1. I think the painting is the more beautiful of the two.2. Between them, Rina is the smarterLearning point:•More harus didahului oleh the• Superlative form (ex: most beautiful, smartest) digunakan untuk

membandingkan 3 benda atau lebih.

Learning Activity 3Double Comparative

Double comparative

Digunakan untuk mengekspresikan perubahan terus menerusFor example:He is getting fatter and fatter.She is being more and more impatient.Learning point:1. Untuk kata dengan suku kata lebih dari 2, hanya kata “more” yang

diulang. 2. Untuk kata dengan suku kata kurang dari atau sama dengan 2,

pengulangan kata tersebut dengan akhiran -er.3. Tidak boleh menggabungkan kata “more” dengan akhiran –er dan kata

“most” dengan akhiran -estEx: He is more fatter → salah! He is most fattest → salah!

Learning Activity 4More used as Non-comparative

More as Noun, Pronoun and Adjective

More as Noun (kata benda)

• What more do you want?• May I have one more, please

More as Pronoun (kata ganti)

• There is still a lot of food. Do you want some more?• There are some mangoes. Do you want many more?

More as Adjective (kata sifat)

• I need more time to finish this job• She needs more books

Learning point:1. Sebagai kata benda “more”

dapat berdiri sendiri ataupun didahului dengan kata one, few atau any

2. Sebagai kata ganti, biasanya “more” didahului oleh some atau many

3. Sebagai kata sifat, “more” dapat digunakan untuk countable dan uncountable adjective. Dan digunakan untuk menyatakan ‘lebih banyak’ atau ‘tambahan’.

Jika “more” diikuti oleh determiner, maka yang digunakan adalah ‘more of’.What are determiner???1. Article : a, an, the.2. Possessive : my, your, her, his, their.3. Demonstrative : this, that, these, those.

Example:4. I would like to see more of the picture5. May I have more of your grapes?6. You have to read more of this information.

Learning Activity 5Less and Fewer

Less and Fewer

Adjective dan determinerAfter his marriage, Bill had less money than before.Mr. Benny had fewer customers yesterday than today.

Adverb tidak terlalu banyakEat less, drink less, and sleep more. Please behave less foolishly.

Less = ‘tidak kurang’ apabila didahului kata ‘no’His salary is no less than 5 million rupiahs a month.

Noun kurang atau jumlah yang lebih sedikitI can finish this work in less than an hour.I want fewer of these and more of those.

Less

•Diikuti kata sifat dan membentuk comparative• He was less hurt than frightened.• Try to be less impatient.

•Bisa di ganti dengan ‘not so ... as.. ‘• He was not so hurt as frightened.• Try to be not so impatient.

•None the less : ‘tidak kurang dari’• Though he cannot leave the house, he is none the less. • Although he is pension, he is none the less.