Tense is used to describe habitual actions that

occur with some frequency and makes no

reference to whether it is happening in the

present.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

-Sujeto + verbo principal.

Negative Sentences

-Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to do") + auxiliar

negativo ("not") + verbo principal.

Interrogative Sentences

-Verbo auxiliar ("to do") + sujeto + verbo

principal?

USES

The present simple is used to talk about things

that happen regularly. Unlike the Spanish, do not

use the present simple to talk about something

that is happening at the moment in which we

speak.

EXAMPLES

+ I play

- Ido not play

? Do i play?

The English simple past is equivalent to preterite

imperfect and Spanish. We use the past simple

for completed actions in the past. The time period

of these actions is not important as in Spanish. In

the past simple regular verbs and verbs are

irregular.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

-Sujeto + verbo principal

Negative Sentences

-Sujeto + "to be" + "not"+ verbo

Interrogative Sentences

-"To be" + sujeto...?

USES

The simple past is used to talk about a specific

action that began and ended in the past.

EXAMPLES

+ She was a doctor.

-She wasn't a doctor.

? Was she a doctor?

There are two main ways to express the future.

Sometimes they are interchangeable, but often

can have different meanings.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

-.Sujeto + "will" + verbo principal.

Negative Sentences

-Sujeto + "will" + "not" + verbo principal.

Interrogative Sentences

-"Will" + sujeto + verbo principal.

USES

The forms "will" and "going to" is used to express

the future. The difference between "going to" and

"will" is the sense of probability that planning and

action happen. In general, use "going to" for

concrete plans when we are sure that something

will happen.

EXAMPLES

+ They will be happy to see you.

-They will not be happy to see you.

? Will they be happy to see you?

The present progressive or continuous is

the present tense which is used in two

cases:

1. To describe events or actions that the

subject is performing when talking.

2. To talk about an action or plans that we

will do in the near future.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

-.Pronombre/sujeto + Aux. “To be” + Verbo-ing +

Complemento + Expresión de tiempo

Negative Sentences

-Pronombre/ sujeto + Aux. “To be” – not + Verbo ing+ Complemento+ Expresión de tiempo

Interrogative Sentences

-Aux. “To be” + Pronombre/ sujeto + Verbo-ing +

Complemento + Expresión de Tiempo + ?

USES

Is used to talk about something that is

happening at the moment in which we speak.

EXAMPLES

+ Kelly is eating in her home at the moment.

- Kelly is not eating in her home at the moment.

? Is Kelly eating in her home at the moment?

Is a past tense, which is used to talk about the

development of an action that took place in a

given time, the end does not know or does not

matter, as well as to express that an action

occurred when another interrupted finally refer to

actions occurring simultaneously.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

-.Pronombre /Sujeto + was/were + Verbo – ing + Complemento + Time expression

Negative Sentences

-Pronombre / sujeto + wasn´t/weren´t + Verbo-ing + Complemento + Time Expression

Interrogative Sentences

-Was/Were + Subject + verbo-ing + Complemento + Time expression + ?

USES

Past progressive tense is usually used to communicate that an

activity was going on when another action occurred.

EXAMPLES

+ Alina was running in the court football last weekend.

- Alina wasn´t running in the court football last weekend.

? Was Alina running in the court football last weekend?

This structure is used to refer to future events or

activities that have been previously decided or

agreed. Carries no emphasis or particular

intention, but simply refers to events or

activities that will happen in all likelihood.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

-Subject+auxiliary will+auxiliary verb be +present

participle (base form + ing)

Negative Sentences

-Subject+auxiliary will+not+auxiliary verb be+

present participle (base form + ing)

Interrogative Sentences

-auxiliary will+Subject + auxiliary verb be+

present participle (base form + ing)+?

USES

We generally use this tense to express that we

will be in the middle of doing something at

particular moment in the future.

EXAMPLES

+We will be living.

-We will not be living.

? Will we be living ?

Roughly equivalent to the Spanish present

perfect. We will see the differences in the

section on applications. Overall, it is a mixture

between the present and the past.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

-Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to have") +

"been" + gerundio.

Negative Sentences

-Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to have") +

"not" + "been" + gerundio.

Interrogative Sentences

-Verbo auxiliar ("to have") + sujeto +

"been" + gerundio?

USES

For past actions that are important in the

present.

EXAMPLES

+ They've learned English.

- They haven't learned English.

? Have they learned English?

In general, we use it for actions that

have passed before another action in

the past.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

- Sujeto + "will have" + verbo principal...

Sujeto + verbos auxiliar ("to be") + "going to have" + verbo principal...

Negative Sentences

- Estructura Sujeto + "will" + "not" + "have" + verbo principal...

Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "not" + "going to have" + verbo principal...

Interrogative Sentences

- Estructura "Will" + sujeto + "have" + verbo

principal...?

Estructura Verbo auxiliar ("to be") + sujeto +

"going to have" + verbo principal...?

USES

For an action that happened in the past, but

that happened before another action.

EXAMPLES

+ I had read something

- I had not read something

? Had I read something?

In perfect time, the use of which is generally

interchangeable.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

- Sujeto + "will have" + verbo principal.

Sujeto + verbos auxiliar ("to be") + "going to have" +

verbo principal.

Negative Sentences

- Sujeto + "will" + "not" + "have" + verbo principal.

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "not" + "going to have"

+ verbo principal.

Interrogative Sentences

- "Will" + sujeto + "have" + verbo principal...?

Verbo auxiliar ("to be") + sujeto + "going to have" + verbo

principal...?

USES

For actions that have been completed before another action in

the future.

EXAMPLES

+ The party will have ended by the time you finish work.

- The party won't have ended by the time you finish work.

? Will the party [going to] have ended before you finish work?

is a verb form that helps us to highlight an

action that started in the past and has

continued to occur up to the present

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences: - Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to have") + "been" +

gerundio.

Negative Sentences

- Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to have") + "not" +

"been" + gerundio.

Interrogative Sentences

- Verbo auxiliar ("to have") + sujeto + "been" +

gerundio?

USES

To indicate activities that began in the past

and continue into the present and where you

can highlight the duration of the process.

EXAMPLES

+ They've been talking for three hours.

- They haven't been talking for more than a

few minutes.

? Have they been talking for a long time?

To show the order of the actions in the past.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

- Subject + had + been + present participle

Negative Sentences

- Subject + hadn´t + been + present participle

Interrogative Sentences

- question word + had + subject + been + present

participle+?

USES

The Past Perfect Progressive tense is used to express

continuity in a past action done before another past action.

EXAMPLES

+ I had been studying English for 2 years when I

went to London.

- I had not been studying English long when I went

to London.

? Had you been studying English for a long time

before you went to London?

This tense emphasizes the continuity of an event at a future

time. You should specify the duration of action and future

time is taken as reference.

STRUCTURE

Affirmative Sentences:

- Sujeto + "will have been" + verbo principal.

Sujeto + verbos auxiliar ("to be") + "going to have been" +

gerundio.

Negative Sentences

- Sujeto + "will" + "not" + "have been" + verbo principal.

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + "not" + "going to have

been" + gerundio.

Interrogative Sentences

- "Will" + sujeto + "have been" + verbo principal.

Verbo auxiliar ("to be") + sujeto + "going to have

been" + gerundio.

USES

To show that something will continue until another action or

time in the future.

EXAMPLES

+ Francis will have been living in Italy for 4 years by

the time he finishes his studies.

- Francis won't have been living in Italy for long when

he finishes his studies.

? Will Francis have been living in Italy for long by the

time he finishes his studies?