structure of flowering plants. you need to know details on… 1.structure & function of root and...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Structure of Flowering Plants
![Page 2: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
You need to know details on…
1. Structure & function of root and shoot systems
2. Root zonations and all outer stem parts
3. Meristem function / location in root & shoot
4. Location of 3 tissue types in transverse and long sections of root and stem
5. Xylem & Phloem structure and function
6. Distinguish between Moncots and Dicots
7. Mandatory Activity….TS Dicot stem
![Page 3: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Objectives
1 Label a diagram of the external parts of a typical flowering plant
Shoot, root, stem, leaves, flower, fruit, seed.
2 State the function of the root and shoot
3 Identify tap and fibrous root systems
4 Explain the term Meristem and give its location in the stem and root
5 Name and give the function of four zones in a longitudinal section of a root
![Page 4: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
6 State the function of Vascular Tissue
7 Give the location of three tissue types, Dermal, Ground and Vascular, in transverse sections of the of the root and stem and leaf
8 Give the location of three tissue types, Dermal, Ground and Vascular, in longitudinal sections of the root and stem.
9 Identify and draw the structure of Xylem and Phloem and state their function
10 Distinguish between Xylem Vessels and Xylem tracheids, and between Phloem Sieve Tube Cells and Companion Cells
![Page 5: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
11. Identify Monocots and Dicots under the Headings:
Number of flower partsVein pattern in leafArrangement of Vascular Bundles Number of Cotyledons in the seedWoody or Herbaceous
12. Mandatory Practical:Prepare and examine a transverse section of a Dicot stem under the microscope
![Page 6: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What Flowering Plant typically have:
5. Flowers
3. Stems
6. Fruits & Seeds
1. Transport (Vascular) Structures
2. Roots
4. Leafs
![Page 7: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Over ground shoot system
Under ground root system
External Structure of Flowering Plants
![Page 8: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Label Diagram of flowering plant
![Page 9: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Root Types
Many equal sized roots arising from stem base eg grass
3. Adventitious Roots
Roots that do not develop from the radicle. E.g. gripping roots of ivy.
2. Fibrous Roots
1. Tap Roots
One main root growingfrom the radicle eg Carrot
![Page 10: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Root Functions
1. Anchor plant in the ground
2. Absorb Water
3. Absorb minerals
4. Transport absorbed materials to shoot
5. Store food
![Page 11: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Meristem
Apical meristems are found at the tip of the shoot and tip of the root and give an increase in length
An area of active cell division
Lateral meristems are found around the edges of some plants and give an ìncrease in width
![Page 12: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Four Root Zones
Protection Zone
Meristematic Zone
Elongation Zone
Differentiation Zone
![Page 13: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Root Zones
2. Ground Tissue
1. Dermal tissue
Here cells develop into 3 different types of tissue
Differentiation Zone
3. Vascular tissue
![Page 14: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Here cells increase in size
Elongation Zone
Root Zones
![Page 15: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Root Zones
Here new cells are produced by mitosis divisions
Meristematic Zone
![Page 16: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Root Zones
A root cap protects the cells as the root pushes through the soil
Protection Zone
![Page 17: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Quiz
1. Name the two types of root system
2. Explain the term Meristem
3. Name the four zones in a root
4. What is the function of the root cap ?
![Page 18: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Tissue location in the root (transverse section)
Vascular Tissue
Phloem
Xylem
Dermal Tissue
Ground Tissue
![Page 19: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Tissue location in the root (transverse section)
Vascular Tissue
Phloem
Xylem
Dermal Tissue
Ground Tissue
![Page 20: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Tissue location in the root (transverse section)
(Center part of root)
Vascular Tissue
Phloem
Xylem
Ground Tissue
![Page 21: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Tissue location in the root (Longitudinal section)
Vascular Tissue
Dermal Tissue
Ground Tissue
Dermal Tissue
Ground Tissue
![Page 22: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Stem Functions
1. Support the arial parts of the plant
2. Transport water and minerals from roots to leafs
4. Sometimes store food
3. Transport food from leafs to roots
![Page 23: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Function of outer stem parts
Terminal Bud
Increase stem length
Lateral Bud
Grow side branches
Lenticels
Gas exchange
![Page 24: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
A= Terminal Bud
D= Lateral Bud
C= Scale Scar
B= Leaf Scar
Lenticels
Year3
Year2
Year1
![Page 25: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Tissue location in stem (Transverse section)
Vascular Tissue
Phloem
Xylem
Dermal Tissue
Ground Tissue
![Page 26: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Tissue location in stem( Longitudinal section)
Dermal
Ground
Vascular
Ground
Vascular
Ground
Dermal
![Page 27: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Learning Check 2 ….. Label the diagram
![Page 28: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Leaf parts
• Some leaves do not have a petiole (They are called sessile leaves)
• Veins contain the vascular tissue
![Page 29: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Leaf Functions
1. Photosynthesis
2. Transpiration
3. Gas exchange
4. Sometimes store food
![Page 30: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Tissue Location in the Leaf
Dermal Tissue
Dermal Tissue
Vascular Tissue
Ground Tissue
![Page 31: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Flower Function
Sexual Reproduction
![Page 32: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Vascular Tissue
1. Xylem
2. Phloem
Function
Function
Transport water
Transport minerals
Transport food
![Page 33: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Xylem Structure….Two types of Cell
Xylem Tracheids Xylem Vessels
On maturity both are dead, hollow and contain no cytoplasm
Found in conifers Found in deciduous trees
![Page 34: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Xylem Tracheid Structure
Long cells tapered at both ends
Pits in the walls – allow water and minerals to move sideways from cell to cell
Walls thickened with lignin for support
![Page 35: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Xylem Vessels Structure
Elongated cells
Spiral lignin for strength
No end walls – form a continuous tube
Pits to allow sideways movement of water
![Page 36: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Nucleus controls activities ofboth companion and sieve tube cell
Phloem Structure
Sieve plates
Mature cells have no nucleus
Cytoplasm extendsfrom cell to cell through thesieve plate
2 Companion Cells
1. Sieve tube cells
![Page 37: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Longitudinal and Transverse sections
Phloem
![Page 38: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Example of Monocot and Dicot
Monocot Dicot
Grass Buttercup
![Page 39: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Differences between Monocots & Dicots
Monocotyledons Dicotyledons
Number of cotyledons
One Two
Arrangement of vascular
bundles in the stem
Scattered in the stem
In a ring pattern
Leaf venation Parallel Netted
Number of flower parts
In threes In fours and fives
Woody or herbaceous
Almost all are herbaceous
May be woody or herbaceous
![Page 40: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Identification of Monocots & Dicots
![Page 41: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Learning Check 3
1. State two functions of a leaf
2. Distinguish between xylem vessels and xylem tracheids
3. What is the role of the companion cell in phloem tissue
4. How is a transverse section of a monocot stem different to the TS od a Dicot stem ?
![Page 42: Structure of Flowering Plants. You need to know details on… 1.Structure & function of root and shoot systems 2.Root zonations and all outer stem parts](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d8e5503460f94a76c06/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
End