STREPTOCOCCI ANDTHE HOST

Thea Horaud

Anne Bouvet

Roland Leclercq

Henri de Montclo s

Michel Sicard

Introductory Talks

1 . Historical Streptococci

1Maxime Schwartz

2 . A Century of Streptococcal Research

3Maclyn McCarty

3 . Past and Future of International Lancefield Movement

5Artem A . Totolian

4 . Streptococcal Research at Pasteur Institute from Louis Pasteur's Time to Date . .

7Joseph E. Alouf and Thea Horau d

5 . The Streptococcus and the Host: Present and Future Challenges

1 5Vincent A . Fischetti

Streptococcal and Enterococcal Infections an dTheir Complication s

6 . Rheumatogenic and Nephritogenic Group A Streptococci : Myth or Reality? A nOpening Lecture 2 1

Diana R . Marti n

7 . What Is a Throat Culture?

2 9Robert R. Tanz, Michael A . Gerber, and Stanford T. Shulman

8 . Group A Streptococcal Infections in Hospitalized Patients

3 5Farida Jamal, Sabiha Pit, Sukeri Kasni, Mohd Sadek Yasin, Salmiah Bt Aton ,

and Karam Singh

9 . Antigen Detection Test for Group A Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngiti sthat Is Sufficiently Sensitive for Use without Confirmatory Cultures 3 9

Michael A . Gerber, Robert R . Tanz, William Kabat, Gillian L . Bell, Edwar dL. Kaplan, and Stanford T. Shulman

10 . Advantages of Blood Agar-NaCl Selective Medium in the Isolation o fBeta-Hemolytic Streptococci from Throat Swabs 4 1

Gabriela Coman, Carmen Pänzaru, Catalina Dahorea, Maria Cärlan, an dFlorin Butnaru

11 . Opacity Factor Inhibition Test for Typing Group A Beta-Haemolyti cStreptococcus Strains and Antibiotic Susceptibility 4 5

Y.-H. Yang, X .-Z . Shen, A . Totolian, and I . Beliakova

12 . Streptococcal Pharyngitis in Argentina : A Four-Year Study 4 9L. Gubbay, A. Ellis, G . Lopez Holtmann, and L . Galanterni k

13 . Study of the Streptococcal Acute Pharyngitis and Carrier State

5 3S . Constantiniu, A. Romaniuc, P. Onu, and O. Constantiniu

14 . Streptococcus pyogenes Bacteraemia: 107 Episodes between 1970 and 1995 . . .

5 7Aodhän S. Breathnach and Susannah J . Eykyn

15 . Invasive Infections Due to Streptococcus pyogenes in the Czech Republic :Results of the Active Surveillance 5 9

Jitka Motlova, Helena Havlickova, Jana Kneiflova, and Paula Kri z

16 . Detection of New DNA Fragments Integrated on the Genome of Ml and M 3Group A Streptococci from Streptococcal Toxic Shock-like Syndrome . . .

6 3Yoshishige Inagaki, Fumiyoshi Myouga, and Haruo Watanab e

17 . Two Clusters of Invasive Streptococcus pyogenes Infection in England 6 7M. Barnham, N. Weightman, S . Chapman, A. Efstratiou, R . George, and

J . Stanley

18 . Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections: Serotype Newly Associated wit hToxic Shock-like Syndrome in Trinidad 7 1

W. H. Swanston, J. Woo, A . Murphy, A. Efstratiou, A . Tanna, andH. F. M. Rei d

19 . Invasive Streptococcal Disease (Group A, B, and Streptococcus pneumoniae) i nFrance 1987-1994 : 7 5

I . Mehl-Auget, V. Vaillant, and V. Goulet

20 . Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Severe Group A Streptococca lInfections in Italy 7 9

C. von Hunolstein, B . Suligoi, M . Pataracchia, F. Scopetti, S . Recchia ,D . Greco, and G . Orefic i

21 . Comparison of Invasive (Septicemic) and Non-Invasive Strains of Group AStreptococci Isolated during a One-Year National Survey in France 8 3

Emmanuelle Varon, Helena Havlickova, Catherine Pitman, Aminata Sarr ,Heide Müller-Alouf, Sophie Coignard, Paula Kriz, Anne Bouvet, an dthe Groupe d'Enquete 1995 sur les Infections Streptococciques

22. Necrotising Fasciitis Associated with Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infection sin England and Wales 8 7

M. A. Monnickendam, M . B . McEvoy, W. A. Blake, E . T. Gaworzewska ,G. Hallas, A . Tanna, A . Efstratiou, and R . C . George

23. Characterisation of Group A Streptococci from Necrotising Fasciitis Cases i nGloucestershire, United Kingdom 9 1

A. Efstratiou, R . C . George, A. Tanna, J . V. Hookey, D. Caugant, S . E . Holm,P. Kriz, D . Martin, M . Upton, and K. A. V. Cartwrigh t

24 . Role ofStreptococcuspyogenes in the Etiology of Erysipelas

95S . H. M. El Tayeb, A. A. El Soliman, and A . S . El Sehraw y

25. Erysipelas-Its Occurrence and Clinical Aspects in Prague, 1993 : ARetrospective Study 9 9

Vera Hribalova, Jaroslav Sramek, Hana Vojtechovska, Eva Svandova, an dPaula Kriz

26 . Searching for Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis-AssociatedStreptococcus pyogenes in Australian Aboriginal Communities 10 3

Alison M. Goodfellow and Don L . Gardine r

27 . Mitogenic Factors from Group G Streptococci Associated with Scarlet Feverand Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome 10 9

A. P. Assimacopoulos, J . A. Stoehr, and P. M. Schlievertti

28. Sydenham's Chorea : Clinical and Therapeutic Update

11 5Marjorie A. Garvey and Susan E . Swedo

29. Acute Rheumatic Fever in Tunisia: Serotypes of Group A Streptococc iAssociated with Rheumatic Fever 12 1

Amel Kechrid, Habib Kharrat, Souad Bousnina, Paula Kriz, an dEdward L . Kapla n

30 . Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis in Children

12 5Dragoljub Zoric, Myrvete Kelmendi, Bylbyl Shehu, Jelena Krdzic, an d

Dragana Zori c

31 . Poststreptococcal Uveitis

12 9Lepsa D . Zoric and Dusica Lj . Zori c

32 . Streptococcal Toxic Shock-like Syndrome : Clinical and Microbiological Aspects 13 3P. Pugina, G . Benzi, S . Tini, A . Cardinali, and G . Sbaragli a

33 . Role of Streptococcal Proteinase in Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis 13 7Gil A. Cu, Sergio Mezzano, and John B . Zabriski e

34 . Arcanobacteriosis : An Infection with Streptococcus-like Features

14 1A. W. Anderson, M . Barnham, J . Kerby, R. Freeman, P. R . Sisson, J . Z . Liu ,

and J . J. Ferretti

35 . Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) : A Predisposing Factor fo rStreptococcal Bacteraemia? 14 5

M. Barnham and A . W. Anderso n

36. The Occurrence of Nephritis Plasmin Binding Protein (SPEB) in theExtracellular Products of Group C Nephritogenic Streptococcuszooepidemicus 14 9

M. Barnham, F . Chapman, G. Cu, J . Afriyie, and J . B . Zabriski e

37 . Anti-Nuclear Antibodies in Sydenham's Chorea

153Sheryn Abraham, Maurice O'Gorman, and Stanford T. Shulman

38 . Microbial Associations and Response to Antimicrobials Seen in a Psoriasi sClinic 157

Patricia W. Belew-Noah, William E . Rosenberg, John B . Zabriskie, Robert B .Skinner, Jr., Terri H . Henson, and Gwen B. Beard

39 . Infective Endocarditis-Inducing Abilities of "Streptococcus milleri" Group . . . .

16 1Katsuhiro Kitada, Masakazu Inoue, and Motoo Kitano

40. Isolation and Characterization of "Streptococcus milleri" Group Strains fromOral and Maxillofacial Infections 16 5

Gabriela Bancescu, Brita Lofthus, Tor Hofstad, Roald Matre, and Nils Skau g

41 . Serotypes of "Streptococcus milleri" Group

16 9Masakazu Inoue, Hiroko Eifuku-Koreeda, Katsuhiro Kitada ,

Nobumi Matsusita, Yasuko Okada, and Etsuo Osan o

42 . "Streptococcus mutans" Group in Human Saliva : Distribution of the DifferentSpecies and Susceptibility to Antimicrobial Agents 17 3

Christine Lion, A . Lozniewski, M . Weissenbach, and M . Weber

43 . Recognition of Mutans Streptococci by Monoclonal Antibodies

17 7Fusao Ota, Robert Whiley, Mie Hayashi, Masayuki Yamato ,

Jeremy M . Hardie, Sonia Senesi, and Mario Camp a

44 . Transmission of"Streptococcus mutans" in Nursing Bottle Caries and CleftPalate Patients 18 1

J . J . de Soet, C . M. Kreulen, J . S . J . Veerkamp, B . Bokhout, C . van Loveren ,and J . de Graaff

45 . Changes in the Oral Streptococcal Flora following Irradiation/Chemotherapy fo rBone Marrow Transplantation 18 5

Victoria S . Lucas, D . Beighton, and G . J . Robert s

46 . Canine Toxic-Shock Syndrome : An Emerging Disease?

189S . D . Betschel, V. Guru, C . W. Miller, K . A. Mathews, J. F. Prescott, and

D. E . Low

47 . Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome : An Update-A Roundtable Presentation . . 193S. E . Holm, W. Köhler, E . L . Kaplan, P. M. Schlievert, J . E . Alouf, D. L .

Stevens, and Malak Kotb

Epidemiological Aspects of Streptococcal an d. Enterococcal Infection s

48 . Invasive Infections Caused by Streptococcus pyogenes in Denmark 1990-1994 . . 20 1Jorgen Henrichsen and Helle B . Konradsen

49 . Group A Streptococcal Invasive Disease in England and Wales

207Androulla Efstratiou, Robert C . George, Ewa T. Gaworzewska ,

Gillian Hallas, Asha Tanna, Wendy A . Blake, Marjorie A. Monnickendam ,and Marion B . McEvoy

50 . Group A Streptococcal Outbreak of Perianal Infection in a Day-Care Centre . . . 21 1Anna Muotiala, Harri Saxen, and Jaana Vuopio-Varkil a

51 . Analysis of Active Surveillance and Passive Notification of Streptococca lDiseases in the Czech Republic 21 7

Paula Kriz and Jitka Motlov a

52. Restriction Enzyme Analysis (REA) of Group A Streptococcal (GAS )M-Serotypes 1, 3, and 28 : A Comparison of Isolates from Severe Systemi cInfections (SSI) and from Uncomplicated Pharyngitis (UP) :Epidemiologic and Pathogenetic Implications 22 1

Dwight R. Johnson, Cheryl L . Romana, Carey D . Rehder,Joanne Dehnbostel, and Edward L . Kapla n

53 . Epidemiological Monitoring of Group A Streptococcal (GAS) Infections

22 5N. I . Briko, N . N. Filatov, and I . M. Setchenov

54. Distribution of the Serotypes of Group A Streptococci in Bulgaria from 1968 til l1996 22 7

Antoaneta D . Detchev a

55. Group A Streptococcal Infections in France : Clinical Features an dEpidemiological Markers 22 9

Emmanuelle Varon, Helena Havlickova, Anne Gires, Aminata Sarr, Catherin ePitman, Olivier Patey, Francois Goupy, Paula Kriz, Anne Bouvet, an dthe Groupe d'Enquete 1995 sur les Infections Streptococcique s

56 . Clinical Epidemiology of Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease i nTropical Australia 23 3

Jonathan R . Carapetis and Bart J . Curri e

57 . Distribution of Group A Serotypes and Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin Gen eTypes Isolated from Blood in Canada 237

Betty A. Forwick, Marguerite Lovgren, Linda W. Chui, and James A . Talbot

58. Serotype, Biotype, Pyrogenic Exotoxin, STREPTOLYSIN 0, and Exoenzym ePatterns of Invasive Streptococcus pyogenes Isolates from Patients withToxin Shock Syndrome, Bacteremia, and Other Severe Infections 24 1

Heide Müller-Alouf, Christiane Geoffroy, Pierre Geslin, Anne Bouvet ,Annie Felten, Elisabeth Günther, Jörg-Herman Ozegowski ,Werner Reichardt, and Joseph E . Alouf

59 . Cases of Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome in Germany since 1989, Toxi n(Mitogen) Expression, Content of Toxin Genes and Relation t oM-Serotypes 245

E. Günther, D. Gerlach, W. Reichardt, J .-H . Ozegowski, and T. Zigann

60 . Vaginal Colonization by Streptococcus agalactiae in Two NeighbouringPopulations in Tuscany 249

Roberto Rossetti, Bruno Maranini, and Piero Soldi

61 . Group B Streptococcal Infections in Neonates and Its Carriage in Women

25 1Y. H. Yang, Y. Z . Zhu, J . H. Zhang, A . D . Shen, G . R . Zhang, I . M. Iontova ,

A . Grabovskaya, and A . A . Totolian

62 . The Epidemiology of Beta-Haemolytic Streptococcal Infections in the Intensiv eTherapy Unit of the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh 1991-1994 255

N. A . Cunliffe, P. W. Ross, S . D . Fergusson, and A. B . Harri s

63 . Epidemiology of Group B Streptococcal Infection in a Special Care Neonata lUnit 259

P. Kalima and P. W. Ros s

64 . Obstetric Management and Group B Streptococcal Sepsis : Have We MadeProgress? Has It Made a Difference? 263

William Meadow, Deepa Ranganathan, Patricia Farber, Rekha Krishnankutty ,Subit Bangaloor, Mahmood Ismail, and Judith Hibbar d

65 . Combined, Selective Chemoprophylaxis of Early Onset Neonatal Group BStreptococcal Disease (GBS EOD) 26 7

Samuel P. Gotoff and Kenneth Boyer

66. Serotyping Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcu spneumoniae Isolated in Brazil (1992-1996) 269

Lucia M. Teixeira, Maria Da Gloria S . Carvalho ,Terezinha M. P. P. Castineiras, Suely A . P. Fracalanzza, Ann aSara S . Levin, and Richard R . Facklam

67 . Serotype Distribution of Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from aDelhi Hospital 27 3

A. Lakshmy and V. L . Malhotra

68 . Dynamics of Enterococcus faecalis Colonization of Bone Marrow Transplan tPatients 275

Cesira Pasquarella, Donald Morrison, Angelo Savino, and Barry D . Cookson

69 . Characterization of Enterococci Isolated from Nosocomial and Communit yInfections in Brazil 28 1

Vänia L . C. Merquior, Daili J . A . Netz, Thereza C. F. Camello, andLucia M. Teixeira

70 . Biotype Distribution of Enterococci and Group D Streptococci Recovered fromClinical Material 285

Leela Wakhle (Joshi) and Sanjeev R. Saigal

71 . Isolation of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci from Supermarket Poultry

289M. Kirk, R. L . R . Hill, M. W. Casewell, and D. Beighton

72 . Epidemiology of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Infections in aLiver Transplant Unit 293

R. L . Hill, H. Y. Chen, M . Kirk, M . W. Casewell, and D. Beighto n

New Methodologies for Epidemiology, Taxonomy, and Diagnosi s

73 . Taxonomy and Epidemiology: Molecular Approaches-An Opening Lecture . . . 299Richard Facklam

74. Application of emm Gene Sequencing and T Antigen Serology for Typing Grou pA Streptococcal Systemic Isolates : Survey of Random andOutbreak-Related Isolates 307

Bernard Beall, Richard Facklam, Theresa Hoenes, and Ben Schwart z

75 . High-Resolution Genotyping of Streptococcus pyogenes : Application toOutbreak Studies and Population Genetics 31 3

John Stanley, Meeta Desai, Androulla Efstratiou, and Robert Georg e

76 . Molecular Epidemiology of Group A Streptococcal Infection in the Norther nTerritory of Australia 31 7

Don Gardiner, Jon Hartas, Megan Hibble, Alison Goodfellow, Bart Currie ,and Kadaba S . Sriprakas h

77 . A Novel Method for the Primary Diagnosis of Group A Streptococci fro mClinical Specimens 32 3

Igor V. Ambrosov, Michael B . Rayev, and Nicolai I . Briko

78 . A Novel Method for the Serodiagnosis of Group A Streptococcal Antibodies . . . 327Michael B . Rayev, Igor V. Ambrosov, and Nicolai I . Briko

79 . Clonal Analysis of Five M Types Causing Most Disease in New Zealand

33 1Diana Martin, Jyothi Kakani, and Jenny Szet o

80 . Anomalies in emm Typing of Group A Streptococci

335R. Facklam and B . Beall

81 . Improvement of Biological Support for the Community Control of Rheumati cFever in Algeria 33 9

Bensalem Merad, Hassina Berrah, Mohand Said Issad, andHenri De Montclo s

82 . DNA Restriction Profiles of Nontypable Group B Streptococcal Clinical Isolates 34 3Patricia Ferrieri, David S . Cho, Carol Livdahl, Craig E . Rubens, and Aurea E .

Flores

83 . Rapid and Specific Diagnosis of Group B Streptococcal Infection by thePolymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) 34 7

Leela Wakhle (Joshi) and Sanjeev R . Saigal

84. Analysis of Pathogenic Group B Streptococci by Pulsed Field Ge lElectrophoresis 35 1

Alexander V. Dmitriev, Jane V. Pak, Alexander N . Suvorov, and Artem A.Totolian

85 . An Apparently New Strain-Variable Streptococcus agalactiae Protein

35 5Augusta I . Kvam, Lars Bevanger, and Kirsti Loseth

86 . PCR for Detection of Streptococcus equi

35 9Sergey Artiushin and John F. Timoney

87 . Human Isolates of Large Colony-Forming ß Hemolytic Group G Streptococc iForm a Distinct Clade upon 16S rRNA Gene Analysis 36 3

Norbert Schnitzler, Gerhard Haase, Andreas Podbielski, Achim Kaufhold ,Christoph Lämmler, and Rudolf Lütticke n

88 . Intra-Specific Diversity within Streptococcus anginosus

36 7R. A. Whiley, L . M. C . Hall, J . M. Hardie, and D . Beighton

89 . Chromosomal Markers for the Molecular Typing of Antibiotic-Resistan tStreptococcus pneumoniae Strains 37 1

Thea Horaud, Gilda de Cespedes, and Francoise Delbos

90 . Molecular Typing ofStreptococcus pneumoniae Strains Isolated in Romania . . . 375Monica Straut, Maria Surdeanu, Vasilica Ungureanu, Florica Mihalcu, an d

Marina Pan a

91. Reported Single Clone Multiple Antimicrobial-Resistant 23F Streptococcuspneumoniae Can Be Differentiated by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresi s(PFGE) 37 9

A. Lakshmy, M. Reeves, J . Elliott, and R. Facklam

92 . Use of a DNA Probe Test for Identification of Streptococcus pneumoniaeNontypable Strains 38 3

P. Geslin, A. Fremaux, C . Spicq, G . Sissia, and S . George s

93 . PCR Typing of Enterococcus faecium : An Evaluation

38 7D. Morrison, B . Jones, C . Egleton, and B . D . Cookson

94. Streptococcus infantarius sp . nov. Related to Streptococcus bovis andStreptococcus equinus 393

Anne Bouvet, Francine Grimont, M. David Collins, Farida Benaoudia ,Catherine Devine, Beatrice Regnault, and Patrick A . Grimont

95 . Recent Approaches on the Taxonomy of the Enterococci and Some Relate dMicroorganisms 39 7

Lucia M. Teixeira, Maria Da Gloria S . Carvalho, Vänia L . C . Merquior,Arnold G. Steigerwalt, Maria Da Gloria M . Teixeira, Don J . Brenner, andRichard R . Facklam

96. Molecular Analysis of Lactococcus garvieae and Enterococcus gallinaru mIsolated from Water Buffalos with Subclinical Mastitis 40 1

Maria Da Gloria S . Carvalho, Maria Da Concei9äo E . Vianni, John A . Elliott,Michael Reeves, Richard R . Facklam, and Lucia M. Teixeir a

97 . Comparison of PCR with Phenotypic Methods for the Speciation of Enterococci 40 5Neil Woodford, Claire M . Egelton, and Donald Morrison

98. Investigation by Long PCR of the Genetic Elements Mediating Van AGlycopeptide Resistance in Enterococci from Uncooked Meat in Sout hManchester 409

Neil Woodford, Adrian P. Watson, and Paul R . Chadwick

99 . Typing Methods for a Study of Gene Transfer in Enterococci

413D. N. Petts, W. C. Noble, and S . A. Howel l

100 . Identification of Enterococcal Strains Using an Inductive Learning Algorithm . . 41 7Danijela Bejuk, Josip Begovac, Dragan Gamberger, an d

Natasa Sterk Kuzmanovic

Antibiotic Resistance in Streptococci and Enterococc i

101 . Antibiotic Resistance in Streptococci and Enterococci : Where Are We, Wher eAre We Going? An Opening Lecture 41 9

Roland Leclerc q

102 . Genetic Studies of Cefotaxime Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae

429Michel Sicard, Lucie Selakovitch-Chenu, Philippe Giammarinaro ,

Pierre Geslin, and Anne-Marie Gas c

103 . Clindamycin in Recurrent Group A Streptococcal Pharyngotonsillitis-A nAlternative to Tonsillectomy? 435

A. Stjernquist-Desatnik, A. Orrling, C . Schalen, and C. Kamm e

104. Lack of Penicillin Tolerance in Group A Streptococci

439Anna Stjernquist-Desatnik, Arne Orrling, Claes Schalen, and Carl Kamme

105 . Erythromycin Resistance Phenotypes in Swedish Clinical Isolates of Group AStreptococci 443

Aftab Jasir and Claes Schalen

106 . Group A Streptococci : Erythromycin Resistance and Penicillin Tolerance

447D. Savoia, M . Millesimo, G. Dotti, and F . Milan o

107 . Guidelines for Detection of Penicillin Tolerance in Streptococcus pyogenes byMIC-MBC Method 45 1

G. J . Van Asselt and C . P. A. Van Boven

108 . The Study of Penicillin Tolerance in Streptococcus pyogenes

453Carmen Panzaru, Daniela Diculencu, C . Apetrei, Catalina Dahorea, an d

Gabriela Coman

109 . Penicillin Tolerance in Group A Streptococci

457Gülnur Dündar and K. Funda Babaca n

110 . Differential Response to Benzylpenicillin-G in Tolerant and Nontolerant Strain sofStreptococcus pyogenes in Human PMNL and Epithelial Cells in Vitro . . 461

Gülnur Dündar and K. Funda Babaca n

111 . Susceptibility of Beta-Haemolytic Streptococci to Penicillin

467Olga Berger-Jekic, Natasa Vuckovic-Opavski, and Lazar Rani n

112 . Study of Resistant Pneumococci in Romania between 1973-1995

47 1Marina Pana, Vasilica Ungureanu, Florica Mihalcu, Anastasia Vereanu, an d

Cornelia Stanescu

113 . Association of Transposon Tn1545 with Multidrug Resistant Strains ofStreptococcus pneumoniae Isolated in Canada 475

Joyce C . S . de Azavedo, Peter Pieroni, Paul Chang, and Don E . Low

114 . Genetic and Molecular Characterization of High-Level Gentamicin Resistanc ein Enterococcus faecalis Strains Isolated in Romania 479

Monica Straut, Gilda de Cespedes, Francoise Delbos, and Thea Horau d

115 . The in-Vitro Activity of LY333328, a New Glycopeptide, 'against ClinicalIsolates of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci 483

Monica Kirk, Robert L . R. Hill, Mark W. Casewell, and David Beighto n

116 . Study of Enterococcus_ faecium BM6226 : A Strain Resistant to Most AntibioticsUsed in Enterococcal Antibiotherapy 48 7

Fairouze Bentorcha, Francoise Delbos, and Thea Horaud

117 . Resistance to Lincosamides by Nucleotidylation Associated with ConjugativeTransfer of a Large Chromosomal Element in Enterococcus ,faecium 49 1

Bulent Bozdogan, Latifa Berrezouga, and Roland Leclercq

118 . Analysis of Regulatory Region of ermAM Genes in Streptococci andEnterococci Highly Resistant to Macrolides and Lincosamides 49 5

H. Vicarini, A . Rosato, and R . Leclercq

Bacterial Cellular and Extracellular Component s

119 . Cell-to-Cell Signalling between Group A Streptococci and Pharyngeal Cells :Role of Streptococcal Surface Dehydrogenase (SDH) 499

V. Pancholi and V. A. Fischetti

120. Human C4BP Binds to the Hypervariable N-Terminal Region of ManyMembers in the Streptococcal M Protein Family 50 5

Eskil Johnsson, Anette Them, Björn Dahlbäck, Lars-Olof Heden, Mat sWikström, and Gunnar Lindah l

121 . Proteins M6 and F1 Are Required for Efficient Invasion of Group AStreptococci into Cultured Epithelial Cells 51 1

Jeris Jadoun, Ester Burstein, Emanuel Hanski, and Shlomo Sela

122 . Hyaluronic Acid Capsule Modulates Interactions of Group A Streptococci wit hHuman Epidermal Keratinocytes 51 7

Harry M . Schrager and Michael R. Wessel s

123. Novel Superantigens from Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Streptococcuspyogenes Isolates 525

Duane Newton, Anna Norrby-Teglund, Allison McGeer, Donald E . Low,Patrick M . Schlievert, and Malak Kotb

124. Circulating Anti-IgG and Glomerular Damage in Rabbits Immunized with Ig GFc-Receptor Positive Group A Streptococci 53 1

Larissa A . Burova, Vladimir A . Nagornev, Peter V. Pigarevsky,Maria M. Gladilina, Valentina G . Seliverstova, Claes Schalen, andArtem A. Totolian

125 . Molecular Markers for Throat and Skin Isolates of Group A Streptococci

537Debra E . Bessen, Therese R. Fiorentino, and Susan K. Hollingshead

126 . The M6 Protein of Streptococcus pyogenes and Its Potential as a Tool to Ancho rBiologically Active Molecules at the Surface of Lactic Acid Bacteria . . . . 545

J .-C . Piard, R . Jimenez-Diaz, V. A. Fischetti, S . D . Ehrlich, and A . Grus s

127 . Effects of Environmental Factors on Streptococcal Erythrogenic Toxin A (SpeA) Production by Streptococcuspyogenes 55 I

M. S . Chaussee, J. Liu, D . L . Stevens, and J. J. Ferrett i

128 . Superantigens of Group A Streptococci (Streptococcuspyogenes) : Distribution ,Induction of Antibodies, and Binding to Human Cell Types 55 5

Barbara Wagner, Dieter Gerlach, Jörg-Hermann Ozegowski, and Manfre dWagner

129 . Group A Streptococcal M Protein Binds to Several Human Cell Types but no tvia MHC Class II Molecules 55 9

Barbara Wagner, Karl-Hermann Schmidt, Bernhard Fleischer, Werne rReichardt, and Manfred Wagner

130. Superantigenic Activity Produced by Group A Streptococcal Isolates I sNeutralized by Plasma from IVIG-Treated Streptococcal Toxic Shoc kSyndrome Patients 563

Anna Norrby-Teglund, Donald E. Low, Allison McGeer, and Malak Kotb

131 . Physicochemical Separation of Aß Subtype from Aa Type Erythrogenic ToxinProduced by T1 Strain Streptococcus pyogenes 567

Y. Kamezawa, T. Nakahara, S . Nakano, and Y. Abe

132 . A New Exocellular Mitogen from NY5 Strain Streptococcus pyogenesAntigenically Different from Erythrogenic Toxins A, B, and C 57 1

Y. Kamezawa, T. Nakahara, S . Nakano, and Y. Abe

133 . Mapping of Binding Sites for Human Serum Albumin and Fibrinogen on th eM3-Protein : Molecular Model and Function in the Pathogenic Mechanism 57 7

Werner Reichardt, Karl-Hermann Schmidt, Cornelia Amberg, an dKnut Gubbe

134 . Binding of C 1 q to Group A Streptococcal M-Family Proteins

58 1Irma V. Koroleva, Claes Schalen, and Anders Sjoholm

135 . Antigenic Diversity of IgG Fc-Receptors in Streptococcus pyogenes

58 5

Larissa Burova, Claes Schalen, and Maria Gladilin a

136 . Structure-Function and Pathogenesis Studies of Streptococcus pyogenesExtracellular Cysteine Protease 589

Eugene H . Bums, Jr., Ann Marie Marciel, and James M . Musser

137 . Streptococcal Recombinant Receptors as a Diagnostic Tool

59 3

S . N. Orlova, T. V. Gupalova, V. G. Palagnuk, N. A. Volchek, and A .A. Totolian

138. A Novel Plasminogen/Plasmin Binding Protein on the Surface of Group A

Streptococci 597V. Pancholi and V. A. Fischett i

139 . Studies on Streptococcal NAD-Glycohydrolase : Copurification o fStreptodornase A 60 1

D. Gerlach, J .-H. Ozegowski, E . Günther, S . Vettermann, and W . Köhler

140. Host Cell Specific Adhesins of Group A Streptococci

60 5

Harry S . Courtney, James B . Dale, and David L . Hasty

141 . Studies on Variation in Lancefield Group A Type 50 Streptococcal Cell-Wal lCarbohydrate 60 7

D. N. Kurl

142 . Clonal Invasion of the Equine Respiratory Tract by Streptococcus zooepidemicus 61 1

John F. Timoney, Toru Anzai, and Matthew Blair

143 . Cloning and Expression in Escherichia coli of a Protective Surface Protein fromType V Group B Streptococci 61 5

Catherine S . Lachenauer and Lawrence C. Madoff

144. The Rib and a Proteins Define a Family of Group B Streptococcal Surfac eProteins that Confer Protective Immunity 61 9

Maria Wästfelt, Margaretha Stälhammar-Carlemalm, Anne-Marie Delisse ,Teresa Cabezon, and Gunnar Lindah l

145 . Glycolipid Intermediates in Biosynthesis of Group B Streptococcal Capsula rPolysaccharide 623

Lingyi Deng and Michael R . Wessel s

146 . The Role of Group B Streptococci f3-Hemolysin Expression in Newborn Lun gInjury 627

Victor Nizet, Ronald L . Gibson, and Craig E . Ruben s

147 . Epithelial Cell Invasion by Group B Streptococci Is Important to Virulence . . . . 63 1Diqui La Penta, Paul Framson, Victor Nizet, and Craig Ruben s

148 . Surface Protein Expression in Group B Streptococcal Invasive Isolates

63 5Patricia Ferrieri and Aurea E. Flore s

149 . Streptococcus pneumoniae Choline Binding Proteins : Role in Cell Wall Turnover 63 9G. C . Whiting and S . H. Gillespi e

150 . Characterization of a Novel Plasminogen Activator from Streptococcus uberis . . 64 3R. A. Lincoln and J . A. Leigh

151 . The Auxotrophic Nature of Streptococcus uberis : The Acquisition of Essentia lAmino Acids from Plasmin Derived Casein Peptides 64 7

A. J . Kitt and J . A. Leigh

152 . Virulence Markers of Streptococcus Buis Type 1 and 2

65 1Hilde E. Smith, Henk J . Wisselink, Norbert Stockhofe-Zurwieden, Uri Vecht ,

and Mari M . Smits

Oral Streptococci

153 . Determination of the Transcript Size and Start Site of the Putative sca Operon ofStreptococcus gordonii ATCC 51656 (Formerly Strain PK488) 65 7

Roxanna N. Andersen, R . Dwayne Lunsford, and Paul E . Kolenbrander

154 . Regulation of Streptococcus gordonii Glucosyltransferase

66 1M. M. Vickerman and D . B . Clewel l

155. Modification of Sucrose Dependent Cell Adherence by Deletion an dReintroduction of the gtfGenes in Streptococcus mutans 665

Makoto Tamesada, Shigetada Kawabata, Zhuan Bian, Taku Fujiwara ,Shigenobu Kimura, and Shigeyuki Hamada

156 . Induction of NO Production by Polyosides from the Wall of Streptococcu smutans OMZ175 in the Rat Aorta 66 9

V. Martin, A. L. Kleschyov, M. Schöller, J . P. Klein, and A . Beretz

157. Genetic Analysis of the Surface Protein Antigen Gene Expression i nStreptococcus mutans 67 3

Toshihiko Koga, Yoshihisa Yamashita, Yuichi Tsukioka, Yoshio Nakano, an dYukie Shibat a

158 . Chromosomal Deletions in Streptococcus mutans

67 7C. R. Lewis and R. R . B . Russel l

159 . The Role of Hyaluronidase in Growth of Streptococcus intermedius onHyaluronate 68 1

K. Homer, H . Shain, and D. Beighton

160. Possible Pathogenic Effect of Streptococcus mitis Superantigen on Ora lEpithelial Cells 68 5

K. Matsushita, T. Uchiyama, H . Igarashi, H . Ohkuni, S . Nagaoka, S . Kotani ,and H. Takada

161 . Purification and Partial Characterization of a Novel Human Platelet Aggregatio nFactor in the Extracellular Products of Streptococcus mitis, Strain Nm-65 . . 689

Hisashi Ohkuni, Yuko Todome, Yukino Watanabe, Shozo Kotani, andYoshitami Kimura

162. Identification and Further Characterization of a Locus Coding for aHypothetical 33 .6-kDa Protein Involved in Intrageneric Coaggregation o fOral Streptococci 695

Catherine J . Whittaker and Paul E . Kolenbrander

163. The N-Terminal Half Part of the Oral Streptococcal Antigen I/IIf Contains Tw oDistinct Functional Domains 69 9

Michel-Angelo Sciotti, Christian Chatenay-Rivauday, Innocent Yamodo, an d

Joelle Ogier

164. Function and Immunogenicity of Cell-Wall-Anchored Polypeptide CshA in Ora lStreptococci 703

H. F. Jenkinson, R. McNab, A . R. Holmes, D . M. Loach, and G . W. Tannock

165 . The Glucan Binding Domain of the Streptococcus mutans Glucan Bindin gProtein 70 7

Wolfgang Haas and Jeffrey A . Bana s

166. Cell-Adherent Glucan Does Not Protect Endocarditis-Causing Viridan sStreptococci against Bactericidal Proteins from Human Blood Platelets . . 709

Sebastian A . J . Zaat, Maaike Koper, Henny Grasselier, Jan Meeldijk ,Jeroen Krijgsveld, and Jacob Dankert

167 . Sialic Acid Utilisation by Viridans Streptococci

71 3

H. L . Byers, K . A. Homer, and D . Beighton

168 . Protein I/II from Oral Viridans Streptococci Modulates Expression o fE-Selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and Promotes TransendothelialMigration of Neutrophils in Vitro 71 7

Aline Vernier, Benedicte Gourieux, Jean-Paul Klein, and Dominiqu eWachsmann

Pathogenicity Factors

169. Binding of Enterococci to Extracellular Matrix Proteins

72 1Tomasz W. Zarcba, Corina Pascu, Waleria Hryniewicz, and Torkel Wadstro m

170. M Protein Expression Is Not Required for Resistance to Phagocytosis of Typ e18 Group A Streptococci 72 5

Shaoyou Liu, Harry S . Courtney, Debra E . Bessen, David L . Hasty, andJames B . Dale

171 . Detection of the Erythrogenic Toxin A, B, and C Genes in Group A Streptococc iIsolated from Clinical Specimens 72 9

Pongpun Nunthapisud, Sumanee Sirilertpanrana, Somjai Reinprayoon, an dAsha Tanna .

172 . Cloning of a Chromosomal Region Responsible for Streptolysin S Production i nStreptococcus pyogenes 73 3

S . M . Borgia, S . Betschel, D . E . Low, and J . C . de Azaved o

173 . Identification and Characterization of a New Protein from Streptococcuspyogenes Having Homology with Fibronectin and Fibrinogen Bindin gProteins 73 7

Claudia L . Rocha and Vincent A. Fischetti

174 . Dual Affinity of Streptococcal Protein F for Fibronectin and Fibrinogen

74 1Viacheslav Katerov, Andrej Andreev, Claes Schalen, and Artem Totolian

175 . M Proteins of Streptococcus equisimilis Strains Isolated from PharyngitisPatients 745

Alan L . Bisno, Carleen Collins, and James C . Turner

176 . Genetic Mosaic Upstream of scpG in Human Group G Streptococci Contain sSequences from Group A Streptococcal Virulence Regulon 749

Kadaba S . Sriprakash and Jon Hartas

177 . Albumin Receptor Protein of Group G Streptococcus : Cloning of the Gene,Characterization, and Usage of the Protein Expressed in Escherichia coli . . 753

T. V. Gupalova, S . N. Orlova, and A. A. Totolia n

178 . Structural and Functional Similarity of C5a-ase Enzymes from Group A and BStreptococci 75 7

I . I . Chmouryguina, A . N. Suvorov, B . Carlson, and P. Cleary

179. Sequence Heterogeneity in the Capsule Production Locus of Streptococcuspneumoniae 76 1

Cesar A . Arias, Karen Broughton, and Lucinda M . C . Hal l

180 . Selection System for the Isolation of in Vivo Activated Promoters fro mEndocarditis-Causing Viridans Streptococci 765

Aldwin J . M. Vriesema, Sebastian A . J . Zaat, Rene Brinkman, an dJacob Dankert

181 . A Conserved Region of a Hyaluronidase Gene from Streptococcus intermedius . . 769Hla Shain, Karen A . Homer, Joe Aduse-Opoku, and David Beighto n

182. Intermedilysin : A Cytolytic Toxin Specific for Human Cells of a Streptococcusintermedius Isolated from Human Liver Abscess 773

H. Nagamune, C. Ohnishi, A . Katsuura, Y. Taoka, K . Fushitani, R . A. Whiley,K. Yamashita, A . Tsuji, Y. Matsuda, T. Maeda, H . Korai, and S . Kitamura

183 . Identification of Virulence Genes in Enterococcus faecalis by DifferentialDisplay Polymerase Chain Reaction

77 7

Brett D . Shepard and Michael S . Gilmore

184 . In Vivo Survival of Enterococcus faecalis Is Enhanced by Extracellular

Superoxide Production 78 1Mark M . Huycke and Michael S . Gilmore

185 . Regulation of Aggregation Substance Expression by Bacterial and Host Factors

78 5

B. A. B. Leonard, H . Hirt, and G. M. Dunny

186. Aggregation and Binding Substances Enhance Pathogenicity in a Rabbit Mode l

ofEnterococcus ,faecalis Endocarditis 789

P. M. Schlievert, G . M. Dunny, J . A. Stoehr, and A . P. Assimacopoulo s

Animal Model s

187 . Virulence ofStreptococcus pyogenes for Chicken Embryos after Isogeni cInactivation of Different Streptococcal Pathogenicity Factors 79 3

Karl-Hermann Schmidt, Andreas Podbielski, Werner Reichardt, Knut Gubbe ,and Cornelia Amberg

188 . A Critical Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor a (TNF) in Experimental Group AStreptococcal (GAS) Bacteremia 79 7

D. L. Stevens and A . E . Bryant

189 . Expression of Activational Markers on Circulating Leukocytes from Baboon swith Group A Streptococcal (GAS) Bacteremia 80 1

Amy E. Bryant and Dennis L. Steven s

190. Erythrogenic Toxin-Induced Arteritis in a Rabbit Ear Model : Comparison with

Arthus Reaction Angiitis 805Y. Abe, S . Nakano, K. Aita, and M. Sagishima

191 . An Experimental Model for Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis i nMice 80 9

A . Nordstrand, M. Norgren, and S . E . Holm

192 . An Experimental Model of Group G Streptococcal Soft-Tissue Infections :Studies of Acquired Immunity 81 3

J. M . Gaviria and A. L . Bisno

193 . Group B Streptococci : Role of Capsular Polysaccharide on Virulence an dInduction of Septic Arthritis 81 7

L . Tissi, C. von Hunolstein, L . Parisi, F. Bistoni, and G. Orefic i

194 . Virulence of Strains of New Types and Type Candidates of Group BStreptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) : Comparative Evaluation UsingMice and a Chicken Embryo Model 81 9

Manfred Wagner and Martin Kaatz

195 . Virulence Mechanisms ofStreptococcus suis

82 3P. M. Norton and J. A. Leigh

196 . Murine and Pig Models of Streptococcus suis Type 2 Infections AreIncompatible 82 7

Uri Vecht, Norbert Stockhofe-Zurwieden, Bert J . Tetenburg ,Henk J . Wisselink, and Hilde E. Smith

197 . Assessment of Bacterial Physiology in the Digestive Tract by Use of Luciferas eGene as Promoter Probe 83 1

G. Corthier, C . Delorme, S . D . Ehrlich, and P. Renaul t

Vaccines

198 . Protection against Infections with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilusinfluenzae Type B in a Population of Splenectomized Individuals withVarying Vaccination Status 83 3

H. B . Konradsen, C . Rasmussen, P. Ejstrud, and J. B. Hanse n

199 . Immune Response to the 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine i nLymphoma Patients and Patients with Chronic Renal Diseases 83 7

0. Kühnemund, A . Stütz, A. Fuchshuber, U . Querfeld, S . Petrasch, R . R .Reinert, and R . Lütticken

200. Bactericidal Activity Elicited by the Beta C Protein of Group B Streptococc iContrasted with Capsular Polysaccharides 84 1

P. C . Fusco, J . W. Perry, S .-M. Liang, M. S . Blake, F. Michon, and J . Y. Tai

201 . Combination Conjugate Vaccines against Multiple Serotypes of Group BStreptococci 84 7

F. Michon, P. C. Fusco, A . J. D'Ambra, M . Laude-Sharp, K . Long-Rowe ,M. S . Blake, and J. Y. Tai

202 . Vaccination with Highly Purified Cell Surface Proteins Confers Protectionagainst Experimental Group B Streptococcal Infection 85 1

Charlotte Larsson, Margaretha Stälhammar-Carlemalm, and Gunnar Lindahl

203 . Immunization with a Single-Repeat Alpha C Protein May Prevent Escape o fLower Repeat Mutants of Group B Streptococcus 85 5

C. Gravekamp, D . L . Kasper, and L . C. Madoff

204. Intranasal Immunisation of Mice with a Streptococcal Peptide-Based Vaccine . . 859Wendy Relf, Wendy Hayman, Gregory Russell-Jones, and Michael Goo d

205. Group A and Group B Streptococcal Vaccine Development : A Round TablePresentation 86 3

J . B. Dale, P. P. Cleary, V. A. Fischetti, D . L . Kasper, J . M. Musser, and J . B .Zabriskie

Immune Response and Host Defense

206 . Cytokines in Streptococcal Infections : An Opening Lecture

86 9Jean-Marc Cavaillon, Heide Muller-Alouf, and Joseph E. Alouf

207. Salivary Natural Antibodies as a Basic Immune Barrier against Group AStreptococci 88 1

Canh Quan, Armand Berneman, Rene Pires, Stratis Avrameas, an dJean-Pierre Bouvet

208 . Immunological Crossreactivity between the Class I Epitope of Streptococcal MProtein and Myosin 88 7

Madeleine W. Cunningham and Anthony Quinn

209 . Cytokine Production in an ex Vivo Whole Blood Model following Induction byGroup B Streptococcal Polysaccharides and Lipoteichoic Acid 89 3

C. von Hunolstein, A . Totolian, G . Alfarone, G . Teti, and G . Orefic i

210 . Activation of Granulocytes by Phorbol-12-Myristate-l4-Acetate (PMA)Enhances Phagocytosis ofStreptococcus pyogenes 89 7

Norbert Schnitzler, Klaus Schweizer, Andreas Podbielski, Gerhard Haase ,Barbara Spellerberg, Regina Holland, and Rudolf Lütticken

211. Neutralization of Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxins and Staphylococca lEnterotoxins by Antiserum to Synthetic Peptides Representing Conserve dAmino Acid Motifs 903

Jason D . Bannan, Floresta R . Mingo, Ann L . Viteri, and John B . Zabriskie

212 . Immunoglobulins Inhibit Adherence and Internalization ofStreptococcuspyogenes to Human Pharyngeal Cells 909

Ursula Fluckiger and Vincent A . Fischetti

213 . Human Secretory Immune Response to Streptococcal M Protein : Identificationof a Secretory IgA Epitope in the Exposed Conserved Region 91 3

Masao Yoshinaga, Koichiro Miyata, and Vincent A. Fischett i

214 . Phagocytic, Serological, and Protective Properties of Streptococcal Group ACarbohydrate Antibodies 91 7

J. B. Zabriskie, T. Poon-King, M. S . Blake, F. Michon, and M . Yoshinaga

215. Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease : Association with a Lack ofAnti-Exotoxin Antibodies 92 1

Ellen M . Mascini, Marco M . J . Hazenberg, Annemieke van Dalen ,Liesbeth A . E . Verhoef-Verhage, Nan J . van Leeuwen, Jan Verhoef, an dHans van Dij k

216. Nonneutralizing Antibody to Erythrogenic Toxin Aa(NY5ETA) in Human Sera

923S . Nakano, Y. Abe, Y. Kamezawa, and T . Nakahara

217. Streptolysin 0 Modulates Cytokine Synthesis in Human Peripheral Bloo dMononuclear Cells 925

D. L . Stevens and A . E . Bryan t

218 . Cytokine Profile of Human Peripheral Blood Mononucleated Cells Stimulate dwith a Novel Streptococcal Superantigen, SPEA, SPEC and Group AStreptococcal Cells 929

H. Müller-Alouf, M . Capron, J . E . Alouf, C . Geoffroy, D. Gerlach, J .-H .Ozegowski, C . Fitting, and J.-M. Cavaillo n

219 . Cytokine Networks in Sydenham's Chorea and PANDAS

93 3Barbara B. Mittleman

220. ELISA for Detecting Proteinases Produced by Group A Streptococci

937Jay Huang, Jacob Diepeveen . and Joanna Bieleck i

221 . Role of Complement and Complement Receptor C 1 qR in th eAntibody-Independent Killing of Group B Streptococcus 94 1

Peter Butko, Anne Nicholson-Weller, and Michael R . Wessels

222 . Age-Related Sensitivity of Neonatal Mice to Toxicity Induced by Heat-KilledGroup B Streptococci 945

G. Teti, G. Mancuso, E . Losi, F. Tomasello, V. Cusumano, M. Gambuzza, andM. L . Petrell i

223. Influenza A - Group B Streptococcal Mixed Infection : Study of Systemi cHumoral Immunity 949

A. Yu . Evlashev, L. F. Meringova, G . F. Leonteva, T. A. Kramskaya, A . I .Dukhin, K . B . Grabovskaya, and A . A. Totolian

224. Effect of C5a and Tumor Necrosis Factor-a on Phagocytosis of Streptococcusagalactiae NT/X and IV/X by Bovine Neutrophils 95 3

Pascal Rainard and Bernard Poutrel

225. Changes in Bovine Neutrophils Induced by the Capsule of Streptococcus uberis 95 7T. R. Field, P. M. Norton, A . P. Bland, and J. A. Leigh

Genetic Organization, Regulation of Gene Expression, andMobile Genetic Element s

226. The Streptococcus pyogenes Genome Sequencing Project : A Progress Report . . 96 1Joseph J . Ferretti, Bruce A. Roe, Sandy W. Clifton, Shao Ping Lin, Xilin g

Wang, Min Zhan, Adonis Reece, Alexander N . Suvorov, and W. Michae lMcShan

227. Analysis of Hyaluronic Acid Capsule Expression in Group A Streptococci

965I . van de Rijn, B . Bernish, and D . L . Crate r

228 . Genetic Studies of Erythrogenic Toxin Carrying Temperate Bacteriophages o fStreptococcus pyogenes 97 1

W. Michael McShan and Joseph J . Ferrett i

229 . Regulation of Hyaluronic Acid Capsule Production by the has Operon Promoterin Group A Streptococci 97 5

Sebastian Alberti and Michael R . Wessel s

230 . Chromosomal Analysis of Group A Streptococci by Pulsed Field GelElectrophoresis 979

Alexander N . Suvorov and Joseph J . Ferrett i

231 . Evidence for a Site Specific Genomic Rearrangement in the slo Region o fStreptococcus pyogenes 98 3

D. J . Savic and J. J. Ferrett i

232. Biological Significance of the Genetic Linkage between Streptolysin SExpression and Riboflavin Biosynthesis in Streptococcus pyogenes 98 7

Ari Gargir, Shaoyou Liu, Shlomo Sela, Gerald Cohen, Jeris Jadoun, Ambros eCheung, and Itzhak Ofek

233. Elicitation of High (p)ppGpp Levels in Streptococcus equisimilis withoutImposing Nutritional Deprivation 99 1

Kerstin Steiner, Undine Mechold, and Horst Malk e

234 . Analysis of the Capsule Synthesis Locus, a Virulence Factor in Group BStreptococci 99 5

Harry H. Yim, Aphakorn Nittayarin, and Craig E . Ruben s

235 . Aberrations in Expression of the ß Antigen of Streptococcus agalactiae

99 9Bevanger Lars, Odd G . Brakstad, Johan A. Maeland, Augusta I . Kvam,

Grethe Iversen, and Randi Valsoe Lyn g

236 . Development of a Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Cloning System

1003Jane P. Daniels, Joseph D. Santangelo, Silke David, and Robert G . Feldman

237 , Characterization of the Stress Response in Streptococcus pneumoniae

1007In-Hwa Choi, Jai-Heon Shim, Seung-Whan Kim, Su-Nam Kim ,

Suhk-Neung Pyo, and Dong-Kwon Rhe e

238. Molecular Characterization of a Gene Locus Encoding Biosynthesis Pathway o fStreptococcus mutans Serotype C-Specific Antigen 101 1

Yoshihisa Yamashita, Yuichi Tsukioka, Takahiko Oho, Yoshio Nakano, an dToshihiko Koga

239. Regulation of the Galactose Operon of Streptococcus mutans

101 5Dragana Ajdic and Joseph J . Ferrett i

240 . Competence-Pheromone in Streptococcus sanguis : Identification of th eCompetence Gene comC and the Competence Pheromone 101 9

Peter Gaustad and Leiv S . Hävardstein

241 . Genetic Analysis of Enterococcus ,faecalis Chromosome Carrying Mobil eElements 102 3

Dominique Clermont, Gilda de Cespedes, Francoise Delbos, and TheaHoraud

242 . Tn5252 : A Model for Complex Streptococcal Conjugative Transposons

102 9Francisco Alarcon-Chaidez, Janardhan Sampath, Pravina Srinivas, an d

Moses N . Vijayakuma r

243. Analysis of Pheromone Binding and Pheromone Reception by Enterococcusfaecalis 103 3

Jiro Nakayama, Yuuichiro Takanami, and Akinori Suzuk i

244 . The pAD1 Sex Pheromone Response in Enterococcus faecalis

1037S. Fujimoto, M . Bastos, K . Tanimoto, F. An, K. Wu, and D . B . Clewel l

245 . Enterococcal Pheromone-like Activity Derived from a Lipoprotein SignalPeptide Encoded by a Staphylococcus aureus Plasmid 104 1

Tracey Berg, Neville Firth, and Ronald A . Skurray

246. Characterization of the Enterococcus ,faecalis Alpha C Protein Homolog :Evidence for the Expression of Alternate Forms in Commensal an dInfection Derived Isolates 1045

Viswanathan Shankar and Michael S . Gilmore

247. Identification of a Highly Conserved Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ModificationOperon in Enterococcus faecalis 1049

Lynn E . Hancock and Michael S . Gilmore

248 . Summary of the Round Table Discussion on Genome Structure and Regulatio nof Gene Expression in Streptococci and Enterococci 105 1

Horst Malke, Joseph J . Ferretti, Andreas Podbielski, Alexander Suvorov, an dPatrick Trieu-Cuot

249 . Summation of the XIII Lancefield International Symposium on Streptococci andStreptococcal Diseases 105 7

Patricia Ferrier i

Index 1061

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