Streetwise, Map Reading LKS2 Knowledge MatSubject Specific Vocabulary

Never eat shredded wheat!

Grid References

OrdnanceSurvey

An Ordnance Survey map is a detailedmap produced by mapping agency ofthe United Kingdom (UK).

1. Find the place on the map.2. Count along the numbers at

the bottom of the map untilyou get to the line at thebeginning of the square youwant.

3. Count up the numbers at theside of the map until you cometo the line at the bottom of thesquare you want.

symbol Map symbols are used to represent realobjects. Both shapes and colours can beused for symbols on maps.

compasspoints

The compass points help us to navigateor find our way. The key compass pointsare north, south, east and west.

Sticky Knowledge aboutMap Reading

grid reference Geographers use a simple numberedgrid over a map. The numbers helpthem identify the position of somethingby its co-ordinates – its grid reference.

Shrewsbury is a town in Shropshire on the banks

of the River Severn.

OS mapsymbols

A set of agreed symbols for commonfeatures on maps.

Shropshire is a county in the West Midlands and

borders Cheshire, Staffordshire, Herefordshire &

Worcestershire Map Symbolskey A list of symbols and what they mean. Tithe maps were used in the 19th Century. These

maps show who owned the land and what itwas used for. At the time, one tenth of theproduce was paid to the church. Tithe mapsshow us how land was used in the past.

scale This shows the relationship between howbig something is in real life and how big itis on a map or drawing.

boundaries On maps these are lines that mark theedges of countries and counties.

There has been a town where Shrewsbury is forover 1000 years. During that time it has grownbigger, increased in population and land usehas changed.aerial

photograph

Photographs of the ground from anelevated/direct-down position.

Shrewsbury was built in a loop of the RiverSevern. The English and Welsh Bridges, datingback to Norman Britain, were built to keep theWelsh out but are now used so that people canget into Shrewsbury.

compass A compass is a tool used to showdirections. It has a needle that spins andalways points north.

digitalmapping

This involves creating or using a digital orelectronic map (using Digimap forexample).

Shrewsbury is connected to many places inEngland and Wales by roads, railways andrivers.

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Mountains LKS2 Knowledge MatSubject Specific Vocabulary Exciting Books

peak The peak is the highest point of anymountain.

valley A valley is a long depression, or ditch, inthe Earth's surface and usually liesbetween ranges of hills or mountains.

cliff Cliffs are tall, steep rocks that werecreated by erosion and have verticalfaces.

ridge A ridge is part of the steep, sloping sideof a mountain.

plateau A plateau is an area of flat ground thatis much higher than the surroundingarea.

Sticky Knowledge aboutmountains

summit The summit is the highest point of amountain.

Mountains make up one-fifth of the world’slandscape.

hill A hill is a landform that is high but nothigh enough to be a mountain.

Mount Everest is the world highest mountainand it is 8,850m high. British mountains

terrain Terrain is used as a general term whenreferring to the lie of the land.

There are mountains under the surface of thesea.

Ben Nevis – the highest

mountain in Scotland andthe UK at 1345m.

range A mountain range is a group or chain ofmountains that are close together.

80% of our fresh water originates frommountains. Snowden – the highest

mountain in Wales at 1085.tectonicplates

The Earth's outer layer is made up oflarge, moving pieces called plates.

The highest 14 mountains in the world are allfound in the Himalayas.

Skafell Pike – the highet

mountain in England at978m.

fault line A break or fracture in the ground thatoccurs when the Earth's tectonic platesmove or shift and where earthquakesare more likely to occur.

Generally mountains are higher than 600m, ifthey are less they are called hills.

Mountains can be rocky and barren but somehave trees growing on their sides and veryhigh mountains have snow on their peaks.

Pennines – a mountain

range in England,sometimes called thebackbone of England.

foldmountains

Fold mountains are formed when twoplates run into each other or collide.

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Andes

RockyMounta

ins

AtlasMountains

Himalayas

Urals

AlpsPyreneesAppalachian

Mountains

GreatDividingRange

Mountain Ranges around the World

GrampianMountains

CambrianMountains

CumbrianMountains

Mountainous areas ofthe United Kingdom

World’s highest mountains:

• Mount Everest, Himalayas• K2, Pakistan• Kangchenjunga, Himalayas,

Nepal/India• Lhotse, Himalayas, Nepal/Tibet• Makalu, Himalayas, Nepal/Tibet• Cho Oyu, Himalayas, Nepal/Tibet• Dhaulagiri, Nepal

Fold Mountains:These are formed fromthe folding of theearth's crust when thetectonic plates pushtogether.

Fault-block MountainsInstead of the earth folding over, theearth's crust fractures (pulls apart). Itbreaks up into blocks or chunks.Sometimes these blocks of rockmove up and down, as they moveapart and blocks of rock end up beingstacked on one another.

Dome Mountains These are the result of a great amount of melted rock

(magma) pushing its way up under the earth crust. Without actuallyerupting onto the surface, the magma pushes up overlaying rock layers. Atsome point, the magma cools and forms hardened rock and is called adome because of its shape.

Volcanic MountainsThese are formed whenmolten rock (magma)deep within the earth,erupts, and piles uponthe surface.

Plateau Mountains These

mountains are formed byerosion creating large areas offlat land which are over 600mabove sea level.

There are five basic kinds of mountains:

European Study, Greece LKS2 Knowledge MatSubject Specific Vocabulary Comparing Greece and

the UK

Europe Europe is a continent in the NorthernHemisphere.

EuropeanUnion (EU)

The EU is a group of 27 Europeancountries which tries to make it easier forthem to buy and sell things/trade witheach other.

Mediterranean This is the sea which separates thecontinents of Europe, Africa and Asia.

climate The general weather conditions that aretypical of a place.

Euros Euro is the currency used by many of theEuropean Union countries includingGreece

Sticky Knowledge aboutGreece

capital city A city is a large town, and a capital cityis the city where the government for thecountry sits.

There are 50 countries in Europe. A smallnumber of these countries are considered tobe a part of both Europe and Asia.

European CapitalCities

port A place where ships load and unloadgoods or passengers. Greece is in Southern Europe and a member

of the European Union. It shares borders withAlbania, the Republic of Macedonia, andBulgaria in north and in east by Turkey.

physicalfeatures

These are natural features of landincluding mountains, coasts, beaches,weather and rivers.

Greece reaches into the Ionian Sea and theMediterranean Sea. It has approximately3,000 islands which are popular holidaydestinations.

humanfeatures

Things such as language, religion andpopulation distribution are examplesof human characteristics

The climate in Greece is temperate rangingfrom hot and dry in the summer to cold in thewinter.

mainland The largest part of a country or continentis the mainland when contrasting it withthe islands around it .

Greece has a landscape of forests, rivers,mountain ranges and beaches.natural

hazards

These are natural events that can lead toloss of life. Natural hazards in Greeceinclude earthquakes, droughts, wildfiresand floods. In the UK we have somedroughts and some flooding.

The capital city of Greece is Athens. It is oneof the oldest cities in the world and it is a portcity.

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Europe

UnitedKingdom

Greece

Country Capital City

England London

Scotland Edinburgh

Wales Cardiff

France Paris

Germany Berlin

Italy Rome

Spain Madrid

Austria Vienna

Greece Athens

UK Greece

Currency Pound Euro

Language English Greek

Flag

HighestMountain

Ben Nevis MountOlympus

Famousmonument

Stonehenge TheAcropolis

Longestriver

RiverSevern

Haliacman

Romans and Roads LKS2 Knowledge MatSubject Specific Vocabulary

Never eat shredded wheat!

Grid References

OrdnanceSurvey

An Ordnance Survey map is a detailed mapproduced by mapping agency of the UnitedKingdom (UK).

1. Find the place on the map.2. Count along the numbers at

the bottom of the map untilyou get to the line at thebeginning of the square youwant.

3. Count up the numbers at theside of the map until you cometo the line at the bottom of thesquare you want.

OS symbols A set of agreed symbols for common featureson maps.

compasspoints

The compass points help us to navigate or findour way. The key compass points are north,south, east and west.

Sticky Knowledge aboutRomans and Roads

gridreference

Geographers use a simple numbered grid overa map. The numbers help them identify theposition of something by its grid reference.

The Roman Empire started in Rome, Italy, but by

the time the Romans invaded Britain they came

from all over the Roman Empire.key A list of symbols and what they mean.

The Romans built large settlements which wereoften close to rivers. Streets in the town formeda grid pattern.

scale This shows the relationship between how bigsomething is in real life and how big it is on amap or drawing. Map Symbols The Romans first settled in what is now London,

but they built many roads which linked to otherRoman towns and cities in the most direct waypossible. Before this, there were just muddytracks.

compass A compass is a tool used to show directions. Ithas a needle that spins and always pointsnorth.

digitalmapping

This involves creating or using a digital orelectronic map (using Digimap for example). Wroxeter and Chester were important Roman

cities known as Viroconium and Deva.

town A town is a settlement which is larger than avillage but smaller than a city. Modern townshave schools, as well as sometimes having arailway station and shopping centre.

Shrewsbury was built in a loop of the RiverSevern. The English and Welsh Bridges, datingback to Norman Britain, were built to keep theWelsh out but are now used so that people canget into Shrewsbury.

city A city is the largest type of settlement,containing lots of buildings and lots of people. Shrewsbury is connected to many places in

England and Wales by roads and motorwaysthat follow the route of the old Roman roads.This includes the Roman Road in Shrewsburyand the A5 that connects Shrewsbury toChester.

roads Roads link cities, towns and villages.

motorway Motorways are wide roads with 2 or more lanesin each direction and link large towns andcities.

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RomanSettlementsin Britain

Volcanoes and Italy LKS2 Knowledge MatSubject Specific Vocabulary Sticky Knowledge

about Italy andvolcanoes

Map of Western Europe

Europe Europe is a continent in the northernhemisphere. It is the second smallestcontinent in area, but it has the thirdlargest population of the sevencontinents.

Some European flags

Italy is a country in southernEurope. It is a boot-shapedpeninsula that just out into theMediterranean Sea and theAdriatic Sea and kicking the ballof Sicily.

Mediterranean To do with the Mediterranean Sea (whichlies between Europe and Africa) or thecountries around it.

Rome The capital city of Italy.

Alps The highest and most extensive mountainrange in Europe. Italy shares borders with France,

Switzerland, Austria, The VaticanCity and San Marino.

Vesuvius The only active volcano in mainlandEurope.

The Dolomites, part of the Alps,are in northern Italy.Etna Mount Etna is the highest and most

active volcano in the whole of Europe.

Map of ItalyEruption An explosion of steam and lava from a

volcano. While Mount Vesuvius is the onlyactive volcano in mainlandEurope, there are three activevolcanoes in Italy; these includeMount Etna in Sicily andStromboli on another Italianisland.

magma A molten substance beneath the earth’scrust.

lava Molten rock that flows from a volcano.

Italy is closer to the equator thanthe UK and so is warmer. Theclimate is described asMediterranean in the south, andAlpine in the north.

dormant Living or existing but not active or extinct:a dormant volcano is one which may stillerupt.

extinct Extinct means no longer in existence. Anextinct volcano is one which is no longeractive.

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Comparing Italy and the UK

• Both Italy and the UK are countries in Europe.

• The UK is in northern Europe while Italy is in SouthernEurope.

• Italy is closer to the equator and so is warmer than the UK.

• Italy is slightly larger than the UK, but more people live

• Nearly three times as many people live in London than inRome.

• Italy has higher mountains than the UK. Mount Blanc is4807m high while Ben Nevis is 1345m.

• There are no active volcanoes in the UK, but there are 3 inItaly.

• Extinct volcanoes in the UK include Mount Snowdon and BenNevis.

City Study, Liverpool - LKS2 Knowledge MatSubject Specific Vocabulary Buildings, Bands

and TeamsUnitedKingdom

The United Kingdom (UK) is a state made upof the historic countries of England, Walesand Scotland, as well as Northern Ireland.

North West The North West of England is the third mostpopulated area of the UK and includesCheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester,Lancashire and Merseyside.

county A county is a region of the UK which has itsown local government. Shrewsbury is inShropshire.

Sticky Knowledge aboutManchester and Liverpool

city A city is a large settlement. Most cities in theUK have a cathedral. Cities have lots ofshops and can be popular with tourists.Liverpool is a city in the county of Merseyside. Liverpool is a large cities in the North West of the

United Kingdom.town A town is a settlement with fixed boundaries.

They are usually bigger than villages, butsmaller than cities. Shrewsbury is a town.

Liverpool is situated on the West coast ofEngland.

estuary This is where the mouth of the river meets thesea.

Shrewsbury is a town in the county of Shropshireand is in the West Midlands close to the Welshborder.

coast This is where land meets the sea. Motorways and railway lines link Shrewsbury

with Liverpool. Previously, they have also beenlinked to by canals via the Shropshire UnionCanal and the Manchester Shipping Canal.

canal A canal is a manmade waterway that allowsboats and ships to pass from one body ofwater to another. Getting to Liverpool

motorway A motorway is a major road that has beenspecially built for fast travel over longdistances.

Liverpool is situated in the Mersey estuary, onthe banks of the River Mersey and the RiverSevern passes through Shrewsbury.

tourism Tourism means people travelling for fun. Itincludes activities such as sightseeing andcamping.

Liverpool has working docks.

docks A dock is a structure for bringing boats orships in to the shore and loading or unloadingthem of goods or passengers.

The Beatles were a famous band from Liverpooland were popular in the 1960s and 70s. Theirmusic is still popular today around the world.

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Liverpool MetropolitanCathedral

The LiverBuilding,Liverpool

The Beatles