strategies for teaching academic vocabulary. 2 past practice: dictionary/glossary “rote...
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Vocabulary and ContentStrategies for teaching academic
vocabulary
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Past Practice: Dictionary/Glossary“Rote memorization of words and definitions is
the least effective instructional method resulting in little long term effect.”
(Kameenui, Dixon, Carine 1987)
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In an age when emphasis is put on critical thinking, we must examine how that impacts our approach to vocabulary.
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Past Practice: Assign Reading without frontloadingHere had been overgrazing before the
coming of the settlers and the invasion of barbed wire, but the death knell of the Plains was sounded and the birth of the Great American Desert was inaugurated with the introduction and rapid improvement of power farming. “Dust to Eat, and Dust to Breathe, and Dust to Drink”
Readers must have a rich vocabulary and background knowledge to support understanding.
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Picking Terms to Teach Is term critically important to content I
will be teaching this year? Which terms are necessary to understand
the key points of the chosen resource? Which terms do I want my students to remember and reuse?
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Marzano’s Six Steps to Teaching Vocabulary Step 1
The teacher provides
a description, explanation or example of the
new term. 7
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Step 2Students restate the
explanation of the new term in their own words.
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Step 3
Students create a nonlinguistic representation of
the term.
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Step 4Students periodically engage in
activities that help themadd to their knowledge of
vocabulary terms.
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Step 5
Frequently have students discuss important terms with one another.
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Studies show that it takes, on average, 28 exposures to a new word before it becomes part of a student’s working vocabulary.
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Step 6
Periodically engage students in games that allow them to play
with the terms.
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Games
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Tools & StrategiesFor “Digging Deep”
Frayer Model (word web)LINCS Strategy
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Frayer Model Definition
integer
Examples Non-examples
Facts
Word/Concept
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Frayer Model Definition
integer
Examples Non-examples
Facts
Word/Concept
- Is a number
- Has no fractional or . decimal part
- May be positive
- May be negative
- May be zero
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Frayer Model Definition
integer
Examples Non-examples
Facts
Word/Concept
- Is a number
- Has no fractional or . decimal part
- May be positive
- May be negative
- May be zero
0
-4
781
0.2
-1.3
2/3
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An Overview of the LINCS StrategyStep 1: List the parts: word and definition
Step 2: Identify a Reminding Word
(perhaps a word that sounds like the vocabulary word
Step 3: Note a LINCing Sentence that includes the reminding word and part of the definition
Step 4: Create a LINCing Picture about the sentence
Step 5: Self-test!
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1. Take an index card and divide it in half by folding the card.
Creating LINCS Study Cards
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Creating LINCS Study Cards
dynamic
2. Write the word to be learned on the top half of one side.
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Creating LINCS Study Cards
Very active, energetic
dynamic
3. Write the parts of the definition you need to remember on the top of the other side.
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Creating LINCS Study Cards
Very active, energetic dynamic
4. Write the Reminding Word on the bottom half of the first side.
dynamite
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Creating LINCS Study Cards
The blast of dynamite was like an active volcano, it had energy.
Very active, energetic dynamic
5. Write the LINCing Story on the bottom half of the second side.
dynamite
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Creating LINCS Study Cards
dynamic
6. Draw the LINCing Picture on the bottom half of the second side.
dynamite
Very active, energetic
The blast of dynamite was like an active volcano, it had energy.
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What about “dictionary” and resource skills?
THINK OUTSIDE OF THE BOX:What skill are we really
emphasizing?
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EXAMPLE: an·nu·al [an-yoo-uh l] –adjective 1. of, for, or pertaining to a year; yearly: annual salary. 2. occurring or returning once a year: an annual celebration. 3. living only one season or year, as beans, corn or certain insects. 4. performed or executed during a year: the annual course of the sun. Match the letter of the definition to the way in which the annual is used in
the sentences below. _____ I don’t waste my time planting annuals in my flowerbeds, I would rather have flowers that come back each spring. _____ Mrs. O’Connor knew behavior was going to get worse after spring break, it was the annual progression of sixth graders. _____ The annual rainfall was lower than average causing a drought to occur. _____ I am going to run in the annual Race for the Cure so that I can raise money for cancer research.
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Questioning VocabularyDo students know what is being asked of them?
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Larry Bell, 12 Powerful Words1. Trace: List in steps2. Analyze: Break apart3. Infer: Read between the lines4. Evaluate: Judge5. Formulate: Create6. Describe: Tell all about7. Support: Back up with details8. Explain: Tell how9. Summarize: Give me the short version10. Compare: All the ways they are alike11. Contrast: All the ways they are different12. Predict: What will happen next
Also, think about how you would explain the
term “justify”
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Application & PlanningWhat strategies can I use to teach
vocabulary?Select vocabulary from your discipline. Discuss with your group how you will use the
strategies from this session.