strategies for cropping system intensification in a moderately saline region of the coastal zone of...
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By Sanjida P. Ritu, M.K. Mondal, T.P. Tuong, S.U. Talukdar, E. Humphreys Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference 21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/TRANSCRIPT
Strategies for Cropping System Intensification in a Moderately Saline Region of the Coastal Zone of Bangladesh
Sanjida P. Ritu, M. K. Mondal, T. P. Tuong,
S. U. Talukdar, E. Humphreys
Contents
Background
Hypothesis and objectives
Methodology
Results
Conclusion
Recommendation
Study Site: Polder 30, Batiaghata, Khulna, in the southwest coastal zone of Bangladesh
Study
site
Background
Cropping intensity low
Farmers are poorer
Increase cropping intensity and crop yield
will improve livelihood of farmers the coastal areas.
0
100
200
300
400
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Rain
fall/E
vap
ora
tio
n (
mm
)
Rainfall-LT
Rainfall 0.8 p
Evaporation-LT
Long term Rainfall and evaporation pattern in Khulna district
Lack of fresh water availability and salinity intrusion restricts Dry Season crop cultivation
Traditional Rice
River water salinity of river kazibacha in in Khulna district
Proposed Cropping Pattern (aus-aman)
Jan Dec Nov Oct Sep Aug Jul Jun May Apr Mar Feb Jan Dec
Rainfall Irrigation (GW)
HYV aman HYV aus Dry seeding = 8-9 t/ha/yr
Use of ground water for supplementary irrigation will secure aus crop establishment
Hypothesis
a. Replace traditional aman with HYV
b. Short duration HYV in aus season
• HYV aus -HYV aman cropping system
aus –aman cropping pattern
Three years (2006-2008)
• aus-aman system yield ~8 t/ha/year
• dry seeded aus established under three water management
scenarios and three seeding dates
• rainfall at beginning of rainy season varied greatly across years, affecting aus establishment & performance
• dry seeded aus in late April gave good establishment, but
may lead to late planting of aman, reducing yield of photosensitive varieties
Hypothesis for 2009 experiment
(based on 2006-08 findings)
• Late planting (early May) of aus will give good establishment
• Transplanting is less risky than direct seeding
• photo-insensitive varieties will perform better than
sensitive because of delayed establishment due to late planting of aus
Objectives aus-aman 2009
To determine the effect of establishment method on aus yield with delayed seeding
To compare performance of photoperiod sensitive & insensitive aman varieties in aus-aman system for different planting dates
Treatments (Aus)
One variety- OM1490 (~ 110 day growth duration)
Main-plot: Establishment method
M1= Dry seeded
M2= Transplanted
Sub-plot: Aus establishment dates
D1= 30 April (26 May)
D2= 10 May (6 June)
Design: Strip Plot with 4 replications
Treatments (Aman)
Main-plot: Variety
V1= BR46 (Photo sensitive)
V2= BR49 (Photo insensitive)
Sub-plot: transplanting dates
D1= 5 September (after 1 week of aus harvest)
D2= 11 September
Design: Strip Plot with 4 replications
Aus season 2009
(variety: OM1490)
TP (26 May)
DS (10 May) DS (30 April)
TP (6 June)
Aman season 2009
BR49 11 Sept
BR46 5 Sept
Grain yield (kg/ha) aus 2009
Grain yield (kg/ha) aman 2009
Yield of aus-aman system 2009
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
30-Apr 11-May 30-Apr 11-May
OM1490 DS in aus OM 1490 TP in aus
Gra
in y
ield
(kg
ha-1
ye
ar-1
)
Establishment method and date
BR46 BR49NS
• aus can be dry-seeded up to early-May but transplanting should not delay later than end of April
• Photo-insensitive aman variety performed better planting until early September
• Short duration aus-photo-insensitive aman yield > 9 t/ha/year
Conclusion
• More/all farmers need to adopt the system for successful implementation
• More germplasm need to develop for increasing the total system productivity rather individual crop season.
Recommendations
Thank you
Acknowledgement:
Financial and technical assistance from CPWF phase1 (PN #10)