stratégie nationale de bonne gouvernance et de lutta contre la corruption

REPUBLIKA Y’UBURUNDI

UMUGAMBI WO GUTSIMBATAZA INTWARO IBEREYE NO KUGWANYA

IBITURIRE MU GIHUGU 2011-2015

UMUGAMBI WO GUTSIMBATAZA INTWARO IBEREYE NO KURWANYA IBITURIRE MU GIHUGU

2

Ubushikiranganji b bujejwe intwaro ibereye no gushira amashirahamwe ya

shirahamwe Mpuzamakugu ONU gishinzwe gufata mu mugongo iterambere

Cyashizwe mu rurimi rw'i Kirundi bifashijwemwo n'umugambi ufashwe mu mugongo n'Ishirahamwe ry'abanyaburaya.

Copywright© 2012


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«Kugira ngo Uburundi bube koko duhindura ingendo. Tugiye rero gukomeza intwaro ibereye. Ni naco gituma, kuva ubu, twemeje icese ko ata kwihangana na gato kuzohaba ku bazokora ivyaha vyo kurya igiturire, kunyuruza no

.».

( Petero NKURUNZIZA ku wa 26 Myandagaro 2010).


4

IBIRIMWO ________________________

INTANGAMARARA 9 9 9 Intumbero yakurikijwe mu gutegura umugambi 10

10 Ihangiro (intumbero nyamukuru) 11

11 11

IGICE CA 1 : INTWARO IBEREYE 14

IKIGABANE CA 1 RUSANGI 15

1.1. Amatora 15 1.2. Inzego za politike 19

1.3. Intwaro ishingiye ku mategeko (Intwaro irangwa n’intahe n’ingingo) 25

1.3.1 27 1.3.2 Igipolisi 36 1.3.3 Agateka ka zina muntu 38 1.3.4 41 1.3.5 Ibimenyeshamakuru 43

IKIGABANE CA 2 : INTWARO IBEREYE MU BUZI BWA LETA 45 2.1. 45

2.1.1 Ibikorwa vyihutirwa kandi vyoza 48

2.1.2 Ugukorera ku mugaragaro mu buzi bwa Leta 50 2.1.3

50

2.1.4 Uburyo abanyagihugu bama bamenyeshwa ivyo vyose bibega birarangurwa na Leta

51

2.1.5 Ingene abirukira ubuzi bwa Leta (abarondera gutunganirizwa) bakirwa 51 2.2 Ugushigikira intumbero (ipolitike) yo kwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu no kubateza 52 IKIGABANE CA 3 55 3.1 55 3.2 62 3.3 66

3.4 Ukwinjiza Uburundi mu 70 IKIGABANE CA 4 : INTWARO IBEREYE MU BISATA BINYURANYE 73


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IGICE CA 2 : UKURYA IBITURIRE 76 MBEGA IVYO KURYA IGITURIRE VYIFASHE GUTE MURI IKI GIHE ? 77 Uburyo ibiturire biribwa 77

Mbega ni ibiki bituma haba ako karanda ko kurya ibiturire ? 81 Ukurya ibiturire bikunda kwibonekeza mu buzi bwa Leta 81 Ingaruka mbi zikomoka ku kurya ibiturire 82

I : ibimaze gushikwako

84

IBIKURUBIKURU UMUGAMBI WOKWUBAKIRAKO (IBICE NDANGANTUMBERO),

GISHOBORE KURWANYWA MU BURYO BUBEREYE

87

5.1.1 Ugushinga amategeko aroranye kandi kirumara e

87

5.1.2 e 87 5.1.3

canke vyaronswe biciye mu manyanga 88

5.1.4

88

5.1.5 ibiturire

89

5.1.6 a

87

5.1.7 Ubushakashatsi ku kurya ibiturire 90

IGICE CA 3: INGENE IBIKORWA VYAWO BIZOTUNGANYWA BIKARORANYWA BIKONGERA BIGAKURIKIRANWA

93

6.1 E 94 6.2 Ubuyobozi mu bijanye no guhuza, kuroranya no gukurikirana ibizorangurwa

ko 94

6.3 Ubuyobozi mu bijanye 94 6.4 94 6.5

gukomeza intwaro ibereye no kurwanya igiturire mu gihugu 96

6.6 Amikoro umugambi uzokoresha

97

UGUSOZERA 97


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UGUSHIKIRIZA

1, ije isozera igikorwa cari gihitiye wa 2007.

Uamashirahamwe

2 abarwizatunga bikorera utwabo, kandi bufashwe mu mugongo : bwabanje gushinga umurwi

ndongorabikorwa kwiga mu buryo bunonosoye urugero intwaro

; igikorwa cakurikiye, kwabaye ugushinga umurwi uhurikiyemwo abaserukira ibisata binyuranye, ukaba washinzwe igikorwa co k wo gutsimbataza intwaro ibereye

brwerekana mu buryo butomoye vyo wishinze.

rushobore gutegugwa: aha nshaka kuvuga cane cane abari bagize umurwi wari ushinzwe gutegura no kwandika

(GSBG), abo bose bakaba barakoze batiziganya kugira ngo uyu mugambi ushobore kunonosorwa, gutegurwa, guherahezwa, no gushirwa muri uru rwandiko.

, abagwizatunga yigenga

ro, atacobuza ko dushobora kurangura ibikorwa bihambaye kandi bishimishije koko. Ni koirashe twokurikira kugira ngo tubashe kwisununura mu buryo buboneka mu

: ari ari ari amashirahamwe yigenga, ari abo bose

ari binyuranye canke ababikoresha, twese rero dutegerezwa gusenyera ku mugozi umwe, tugakorana

Ni urugendo rurerure kandi rusaba ukwitanga, kuko ari igikorwa kigamije guhindura ivyiyumviro

ingeso mbi bishingiye ku vyiyumviro bijana mu

1 Mu gice gisigaye cose c’iki gitabu, imvugo iza gukoreshwa ni “Umugambi wo gutsimbataza intwaro ibereye no kugwanya igiturire mu gihugu” 2 Mu gifaransa yitwa “organizations de la société civile”. Ni amwe bakunda kwita amashirahamwe adakiranira (canke adaharanira) ivyicaro vya (canke inyungu za) politike . Mu gice gisigaye cose c’iki gitabu, imvugo iza

gukoreshwa ni “Amashirahamwe yigenga”. Igisata c’amashirahamwe y’ubudandaji nayo (« secteur privé »), aza kwitwa « Igisata c’amashirahamwe y’abarwizatunga bikorera utwabo »


7

gaheza, tukabisubiriza ingendo vyubaka, bishingiye ku kutaba ubusimbirahamwe, neza rusangi

canke baza ico igihugu gishobora kumuha, canke ico ashobora

« kugikamisha ». Amategeko ariho ngo « Inkoni ishikira igufa ntishikira ingeso » : ni ngombwa rero kurwanya izo ngeso mbi, duhereye mu mizi yazo, ukujijura,

(mbere « uguhasha ») abafashwe bakoze ivyaha vyu urire, guca iruhande kandi ata mpuhwe : ukwo guhasha ivyaha rero kwonaba akarorero, kuko ukutihanganira

Mu kurangiza, nashaka kumenyesha umwizero wuzuye numva mfise w uko tugiye hamwe, dusenyeye ku mugozi umwe twese, ata nkeka ko usi ubwome, si umuvumo canke akaziri ntabanduka. Igikenewe n kuja muri urwo rugamba, umpuzu, maze urwo rugamba tukarutangura nyene, tukarurwana koko !

Issa NGENDAKUMANA

Umushikiranganji wo mu b ajejwe

intwaro i ugushira amashirahyamwe ya Leta mu minwe


8

INTANGAMARARA

Muri iyi myaka mirongo itatu irangiye, intwaro ibereye iri mu vyiyumviro nkoramutima vyafatiweko mu manama mpuzamakungu yagiye araringanizwa ku vyerekeye iterambere, no mu ntumbero yaranze

Intwaro ibereye irakenewe cane, kuko ituma igihugu kirushirizaho gutunganywa no kurongorwa hisunzwe amajambere ya none, kandi riho na cane cane kuko ifise intumbero yo gutsimbataza intwaro rusangi ishingiye ku mategeko, yubahiriza agateka ka zina iterambere ryuzuye kandi kandi « bayiragijwe », mbere bayibazwa? Ubwa mbere na mbere, ni Leta. Ariko rero, intwaro ibereye irarengera Leta, ikongera ikana bagwizatunga amashirahamwe yigenga. Birumvikana rero ko L abarwizatunga yigenga ari zo nkingi zitatu nyamukuru igikorwa co gusununura iterambere no gutsimbataza intwaro ibereye gishimikiyeko. Lkikarwiza itunga (« amikoro nayo yigenga kikaba hagati ya Leta ku

: ni .

Nka kurya nyene bimeze ku ntwaro rusangi (« démocratie »), intwaro ibereye (« gouvernance ») nta ndangurakintu canke indondoro imwe rudende kandi ntabanduka ifise : ni ukuyiraba ukayitegera

akaranga Ntiyofatwa kaba turangije, tugaca twicara tugahagarikira ngaho

uri rusangi, ugushiraho icuka gituma abanyagihugu bumva yuko bibereyeho mu bwisanzure bwuzuye, b kuri bose mu bijanye na politike, imibano, mbere

Ugutsimbataza intwaro ibereye, niwo muheto kandi niyo nkinzo kirumara mu rugamba rwo kurwanya

zizingamika iterambere katubahirizwa mu

Burundi.

gihugu.

yerekeye kugarukana amahoro n'ukunywanisha Abarundi bumvikanye muri rusangi ibi bikurikira, mu

kigabane II, ingingo ya 5, agace ka 1 :


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« Ishingwa butunzi, imibano, Ibwirizwa Shingiro rishasha rifatiye ku biranga koko Uburundi, kandi

, ugushira imbere iyubahirizwa intwaro ibereye

anye kandi vyubahirijwe, ukwubahiriza

( ukwuzuzanya ) gize urundi ».

M urundi rikomoka kuri ayo masezerano riremeza

« ntwaro ibereye kandi rusangi» ; mu ngingo yaryo ya 18, agace ka 2, iryo bwirizwa nyene riratomora ibikurikira: « Intwaro (Leta) irubahiriza ingene inzego zibangikana (ni ukuvuga ), ubuyobozi bushingiye ku mategeko), ibiranga intwaro ibe . Mu kurangiza, twomenya yuko intwaro ibereye ari kimwe mu bikuru bikuru bigize « Umugambi MURIKIRABURUNDI 20253 umugambi wa L ca 2011-2015 ushingiyeko.

Intumbero yakurikijwe mu gutegura umugambi

binyuranye. Icafatiweko, ni uko iyo ngendo ari yo nziza kurusha izindi zose, kuko ituma abo muri Leta, arwizatunga b

gutegura uyu mugambi ari rwabo bwite ; binyuranye, maze kagaca kaba akaryo ko kubumvisha ingene ibihe turimwo bitoroshe na gato, gurtyo

Ni co gituma haringanijwe amanama mu gihugu cose

vyari vyagaragajwe ibereye, ubunyonyezi

--- isi yose mu mwaka wa 2008). Integuro ivyiyumviro

e ndangantumbero nyamukuru bitomowe mu MUGAMBI MURIKIRABURUNDI 2025, mu Mugambi wo kurgwanya ubukene, hamwe no mu Mugambi

Leta yishinze kurangura mu kiringo ca 2011-

Iha U tsimbataza ( ndabirwako )

:

3 Ni ryo zina ry’ikirundi ryahawe « Vision Burundi 2025 »


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Ihangiro (Intumbero nyamukuru) Ihangiro (ari yo ntumbero nyamukuru) ni ugushinga urwandiko rutomora ipolitike imurikira ikereka inzira

twimirije.

bikorwa bikenewe mu bisata bigenewe uyu mugambi Uyu mugambi ufise intumbero zikurikira : o Gushiraho no ko abategetsi bo ku nzego zose bokwama batangaza ibiriko birakorwa, ingene biriko birakorwa, ingene uburyo buriko burakoreshwa,

gukurikirana ababatwara ko bakora koko 4 ;

o Gukomeza ugukorera na ntaryo ku mugaragaro ;

o Kwongereza ugukora mu buryo bubereye, bushika ku bintu biboneka, bifadika, kandi bishimishije, mu buzi bwa Leta; o Gukomeza intwaro ishingiye ku mategeko (ari yo ; o G yigenega mu gutora abategetsi babo no mu gutunganya ibiraba igihugu ; o G nganywa ryigihugu; o Gukinga no ibindi vyaha bijanye na vyo; o Gkuzoshikwako mu bihe biri imbere.

ivyiyumviro ngenderwako

, ishingiye ku buryo akoreshejwe muri uyu mugambi:

Intwaro ibereye :

batorwa, bakurikiranwa, mbere

gutegura no gushira mu ngiro neza intumbero (amapolitike)

bubahiriza inzego zigenga imigenderanire iri hagati yabo muri

.

Igiturire : ni « ni ukuvuga iciye mu

, vyibónekeza ku bantu bashinzwe amabanga

abarekurira

ka bukozi bwa Leta, ka bukozi bwo mu mashirahamwe yigenga, canke basanzwe bikorera utwabo,

4 Iki, ni iciyumviro kijanye n’ifaransa « culture de redevabilité »


11

canke mbere bashinzwe ayandi mabanga nkayo, maze bagatanga uturusho utwo ari two twose

, canke mu kuduha abandi bantu».

Ukutigira/ukutaba « sindabibazwa » canke ntawundaba nkora ivyo nshaka : ni uburyo abantu, ku

bakaba bafise amabanga barangurira igihugu, bategerezwa kuja barabwira bereka abenegihugu babizigiye bakabashinga ayo mabanga, ivyo barubwo bubasha babahaye

Ugukorera ku mugaragaro (« ugukorera mu muco ») : ni ingendo ikoreshwa mu gufata ingingo,

anyagihugu, maze nabo bakanagira uruhara mu gukurikirana no gucungera ishirwa mu ngiro

ivyavuye muri nya ngingo.

Ugukora ibiboneka bishimishije : ni ugukora ibintu bifadika kandi ukabikora mu buryo buziganya rwose umw

amikoro bigereranye). bwo kurangura objectifs ») ukoresheje neza uburyo bwatanwe ngo ivyo bikorwa bishobore kurangurwa.

Kugira uruhara mu bikórwa mu gihugu :

(abagabo

mu bikorwa mu gihugu rero gushingiye ku burenganzira bwo gushinga amashirahamwe no kuvuga

no gukoresha

U : ringanizwa ishimikiye ku mategeko ayo mategeko akaba ariho kandi atomoye, ashirwa mu ngiro

; ni ukuvuga ko inzego , amategeko nayo akubahirizwa mu butungane ntangere,

ata wandya wangura, cane cane amategeko agenga agateka ka zina muntu.

: ni ingendo ituma hakosorwa akarenganyo

canke ba ntahonikora..

: .

: igice ca mbere cerekeye intwaro ibereye ; ica kabiri kinonosora

Utegekanijwe kuzomara ikiringo co kuva mu 2011 gushika mu 2015. Uyu mugambi ushimikiye kuri ibi bice bikurikira bigize intwaro ibereye : intwaro ibereye mu bijanye na

uzi bwa Leta (kuva ku rwego rwo hasi gushika ku rwego


12

)birangwa mu gihugu.

gutomora


13

IGICE CA 1:

INTWARO IBEREYE


14

IKIGABANE CA 1 : INTWARO IBEREYE MU BIJANYE NA POLITIK

RUSANGI

Ngibi ibintu bifatwa ko ari in : amatora; kirumara mu buryo zikora, kandi zikorera ahabona zikama zimenyesha abanyagihugu ivyo zashitseko; banyuranye (bose); iye ku

mategeko); ;

(mu mwidegemvyo )

yigenga gikerebutse kandi gikora neza. .

1.1 Amatora

Mu gihugu ico ari co cose kirangwa

kibamwo, ari ryo shaa Iryo shaka , ntahandi rigaragarira atari mu matora nya banyagihugu bagira mu mwidegemvyo, ata gitsure ata gitugu, amatora aringanizwa

o igihugu. Igikorwa co gutora, ni ukuvuga « guhitamwo », giha abanyagihugu akaryo ko kugira uruhara, bo nyene ubwabo canke babicishije ku babaserukira, mu gufata ingingo zerekeye ubuzima bwabo. Ibi rero ni vyo bisigura igituma ari ngombwa ko amatora aringanizwa akongera akaba mu mwisanzuro ata gitugu, akabera mu muco, mu butungane bwuzuye ata wandya wangura (ku bitoza, mbere no ku batora), kandi akama aringanizwa ntibukuka haheze igihe gitegekanijwe kandi kizwi na bose.

Mbe tumaze gushika kuki ?

bwararinganije mu 2005 degemvyo

ku rwo hasi (mu bibano) : izo nzego bwabaIbwirizwa S

2010, naho yiyamirijwe gutsimbataza intwaro rusangi. Iyo ntambwe twayishikiriye ubutagisubira inyuma : kuva ubu, ubutegetsi ku nzego zose Iyi ntambwe twagize ifatiye ku bintu bikomeye bikurikira :

Uburenganzira bwo gutora, hamwe degemvyo, azira igitugu, abera ku

mugaragaro, yama aringanizwa ntibukuka mu gihe gitegekanijwe kandi kizwi, kandi

Ibwirizwa Shingiro

Ibwirizwa Shingiro iremeza igashinga , arangwa (« mu matora, nta jwi riruta irindi »), akorwa mu mwiherero no mu

mwidegemvyo . Abanyagihugu bashobora kwitorera bo nyene ubwabo, canke bakabicisha ku babaserukira, ariko rero mu buryo


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; uburenganzira bwo gutora nabwo butegekanijwe mu ngingo ya 86 Ibwirizwa Shingiro.

Amatora akorwa mu mwidegemvyo uzira igitugu, ku mugaragaro : yama aringanizwa ntibukuka mu gihe gitegekanijwe kandi kizwi, kandi itegeko rigenga amatora rirerekana mu buryo butomoye ingene

Ibwirizwa Shingiro. Aringanizwa mu nzego

■ , azira igitugu,

kandi abera ku mugaragaro, urwo narwo rukaba ari CENI U (CENI), niwo utunganya amatora mu buryo arangwa

ri bose (abatora n bahiganwa) Ibwirizwa

Shingiro. Ibwirizwa rigenga amatora riratomora amategeko yerekeye amatora yama aringanizwa ntibukuka mu gihe gitegekanijwe kandi kizwi, kandi riraha umurwi CENI uburenganzira bwo gutegura

Ibwirizwa No. 1/22 ryo ku wa 18 Nyakanga 2009 risubiramwo ibwirizwa No. 1/015 ryo kuwa 20 Ndamukiza 2005 rigenga amatora. Uwo murwi usigaye ari ntayegayezwa kuva muri 2010.

■ Intwaro ishimikiye ku migambwe myinshi irate Ibwirizwa

Shingiro Ingingo ya 75 Ibwirizwa Shingiro iremeza imigambwe myinshi mu Burundi, ingingo za 76 na 80 nazo zitanga uburenganzira bwo gushinga imigambwe « ata nkomanzi » (Ingingo ya 76), kandi zigashinga ko

we (Ingingo


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Ibwirizwa Shingiro irategekanya yuko Leta ishobora guha amikoro

we umwe umwe wose ufise mu Nama Nshingamateka. Hanyuma,

Ahahobahoba hakeneye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa Naho hamaze gushikwa ku bitari bike nkuko bihejeje kuvugwa, haracariho ibintu bigoyagoya bikibangamiye igikorwa cose co gutunganya amatora. Izo ngorane ni izi zikurikira :

□ Amategeko adakwiye, abuzemwo vyinshi, bigatuma hari ibitari bike bitagira

amategeko abigenga, kandi kaba a , zivuguruzanya Amategeko agenga amatora muri iki gihe turimwo abuzemwo vyinshi, hakaba mbere hari vyinshi bitagira ingingo zibigenga, kandi ayo mategeko akaba arimwo

zivuguruzanya, ivyo bigatuma umurwi CENI utegerezwa kwama uriko urishingira amategeko

ntambamyi, nkuko vyibonekeje mu

matora abiri aheruka yabaye mu 2005 no mu 2010. □ yariho

nayo ugasanga ataroranye

amatora, nta ngingo zihagije kandi ziroranye zo kukidadanura zirangwa Ibwirizwa rigenga amaraporo ») binyuranye, na cane

mu Burundi mu mwaka wa 2010 (MOE UE - Burundi 2010).

□ Amatora ntaba ku mugaragaro mu buryo buhagije

Ibwirizwa Smugaragaro ntigukwiye na gato muri bimwe bimwe. Ibi vyigaragaza cane cane mu vyerekeye ukumanika ahabona ivyavuye mu matora, hamwe no mu buryo abaserukira imigambwe yahiganywe mu matora bataronka akaryo ko guhabwa □ Mu bisanzwe, CENI ni umurwi wigenga. Ariko

âgagaza zikabangamira ubwigenge bwawo. Umuntu yihweje amabanga ya politike ahambaye yegukira CENI mu gutunganya i wugize bofatwa (icubahiro, icicaro bohabwa(« »).


17

□

Ibwirizwa Shingiro ritegekanya ko imigambwe ironka im (Leta), ivyo ntavyigeze bigirwa mu matora abiri aheruka. Ivyo bituma ata migambwe myinshi ishobora

Ikindi gica cibonekeza, ni uko imigambwe imwe imwe uca usanga yikora ku buryo bwa Leta.

UMUCE N° 1 : IHANGIRO (INTUMBERO NYAMUKURU) N° 1.2 : GUKOMEZA UBURYO ABAGIZE INZEGO

BIFUZA KANDI BAKAMA BABAMENYESHA IVYO BARIKO BARAKORA, INGENE BABBABIGEJEJE Kugira ngo hashobore kuba amatora yo mu mwidegemvyo

ko haba itosorwa hagakenerwa ko imigambwe itari ku butegetsi ishobora gukora mu bwigenge koko, itadindizwa, mbere

1.1.

:

■ 1.1.1 Gutosora amategeko agenga amatora I binyuranye biserukira abanyagihugu, kandi ritegerezwa gutuma hashikwa kuri ibi bikurikira : o Gutunganya amanama gutororokanya ivyifuzo

tosorwa ibwirizwa rigenga amatora, imbere yuko iyo nteguro irungikirwa Inama Nshikiranganji ; o Gushiramwo ingingo zigenga ibice bitari bifise izibigenga canke zibitegekanya (ari kwo « kuzibira ahari ibihengeri »), gutosora ,

Ibwirizwa S

yo vyose biraba ;

o banya uburyo (amahera) bukoreshwa mu matora; o Gukomeza ugukorera ku mugaragaro mu gihe cose itunganywa ; o CENI.


18

■ 1.1.2 Kureka imigambwe igakora mu mwidegemvyo wuzuye Kugira ngo imigambwe ishobore gukora mu bwigenge, hakenewe ibi bikurikira : o Gutosora no gusubiramwo itegeko rigenga uburyo imigambwe ikora kugira ngobikurikira bishobore gutorerwa umuti

; guha imigambwe uburyo bwo kwikorako mu bikorwa vyayo ; uburenganzira imigambwe bwo gukoresha uburyo bwa Leta (uburyo

. o Gutorera inyishu burundu ikibazo co gukoresha uburyo bwa L kwiyamamariza amatora. o na Leta uburyo

umukono. o o Kuringaniza rwa rwego

.

■ 1.1.3 Kureka abanyagihugu bagatora mu mwidegemvyo wuzuye uzira igitugu, igitsure canke

urwenge vyohava bibaremera canke bikabayovya

Kugira ngo abanyagihugu bashobore gutora mu mwidegemvyo, ata gitsure kandi ata mutima uhagaze mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, hakenewe ibi bikurikira: o Inyigisho zo gukundisha igihugu zigamije kujijura no rusangi, no ku buryo gukumirwa. o Gutegekanya no gushinga uburyo abanyagihugu bakingirwa abobatera ubwoba canke bakabatoteza

babahora ivyiyumviro vyabo mu bijanye na politike.

1.2 Inzego za politike Ibimaze gushikwako

Arusha Ibwirizwa Shingiro riyakomokako vyatumye hashingwa mu Burundi intwaro

iramutswa umuprezida, kandi yēmera imigambwe myinshi mu buryo bwuzuye kandi bwisanzuye, Leta

mu matora. Kuva k Ibwirizwa Shingiro ryashizweko umukono ku wa 18 Ntwarante 2005, Uburundi

ōró

:

■ āka Mu ngingo yaryo ya 7, Ibwirizwa Shingiro


19

bakabukoresha bo nyene ubwabo biciye mu matora ya bose yo kwemeza canke guhakana ingingo iraba igihugu (« referendum »), canke baciye ku babaserukira bemera kandi biyumvamwo.

■

bibano Ibwirizwa S a aremeza ko ibisata vyose bigize igihugu (amoko yose, abakenyezi, ba ntege nke na ba ntahonikora) bigira uruhara mu nzego zose za politike, kandi kuva ku

bitegekanijwe mu ngingo za 16 , 124 , 129 , 164 , 18O na 266 Ibwirizwa Shingiro, no mu ngingo za 108, 141, 181 na 191 . Muri iki gihe, abakenyezi baraserukiwe gushika ku rugero rwa 32% mu Nama Nshingamateka, 46% mu Nama Nkenguzamateka, 42% muri Leta, na 34% mu nama mpan .

.

■U Ibwirizwa Shingiro

Ibwirizwa Shingiro gatomora ko Leta

gutunganya 5. Ububasha bwa Leta (Urwego Nshingwntwaro) ko ari bibiri, Urwego Nshikiranganji Ibwirizwa Shingiro ; ububasha bwo gushinga ri: Nkenguzamateka, nkuko bitegekanijwe hingiro; ububasha

Ibwirizwa Shingiro.

■Inzego zemanga ziga

Aha rero bivuga ko abatwara bategerezwa kwama bamenyesha abanyagishugu ivyo bakora, ingene ; abanyagihugu nabo bafise uburenganzira bwo kubogoza

abategetsi babo, igihe babona yuko batigenza mu buryo bushimishije. Ni ukuvuga ko abategetsi bategerezwa kwemanga no gusigura ivyo bakoze (bafatiye ku rugero rwumvikana kandi rusanzwe rwemewe na bose). Ibwirizwa Singendo yuko inzego zitegerezwa kwama zitangaza, zisigura kandi zemanga ivyo zikora imbere

kira.

»Leta

Ibwirizwa S

Leta ) āka

5 Ingingo ya 18, agace ka kabiri : « Intwaro irubahiriza ingene inzego zibangikana, intahe n’ingingo, ibiranga intwaro ibereye n’ukurangura ku mugaragaro amabanga y’igihugu”


20

Ibwirizwa Shingiro ()

Inama Nshingamateka na Nkenguzamateka zikoranye, nkuko bitegekanijwe mu ngingo ya Ibwirizwa Shingiro, mu gihe yakoze amakosa ahambaye, yakoresheje ububasha afise mu buryo

burenze urugero ( akarenganyo )

Ibwirizwa Shingiro karemeza ibi bikurikira «

yahemukiye igihugu .

kemeza ibikurikira: ni yo ifise ububasha 6 »

»Abashikiranganji ba Leta ni bo bibarizwa kandi bategerezwa kwemanga umwe wese ivyo

yakoze

gize Inama Nshikiranganji bagenzurwa nayo itegekanya yuko, vyongeye, abagize Urwego

Nshikiranganji bashobora gukurikiranwa ku vyaha bakoze

»Icaha ca politike gikozwe n mu barugize

Nkako, « Inama Nshingamateka irashobora kugaya uburyo Urwego nshikiranganji rukora igasaba ko rutanga imihoho ivya bitatu bibiri) ateka. Inama

», nkuko bitegekanijwe mu gace ka 1 ; vyongeye, : « Iyo hari umushikiranganji

bigaragaye ko arangura nabi amabanga ajejwe, canke atigenza runtu, canke inyifato yiwe ikaba ibuza ko

uyo mushikiranganji ategerezwa gutanga imihoho »Urwego nshingamategeko (Inama Nshingamateka na Nkenguzamateka) rurafise uburyo

buhagije bwo kuronka amakuru rukeneye ku bikorwa vy’Urwego Nshikiranganji (Leta)

◆Hakoreshejwe ibibazo abashingamateka n’abakenguzamateka babajije imbonankubone

(mu mvugo) canke mu nyandiko

Ibwirizwa Shingiro itegekanya ibikurikira: « Inama Nshingamateka nNkenguzamateka zirashobora gusaba ko Urwego Nshikiranganji ruzimenyesha ivyo ruriko rurarangura,

6 ni Sentare yubahiriza Ibwirizwa Shingiro.


21

ivyo zikabibaza abashikiranganji biciye mu nzandiko canke imbonankubone. Igihe abashingamateka hariwe ibibazo

,

Nkenguzamateka vyerekeye ukugene rutunganya ibikorwa vyarwo vya misi yoimigambi yarwo.

◆

Nkuko bitegekanijwe mu ngingo ya 204 « Nkenguzamateka zirafise ububasha bwo gushinga imirwi itohoza ingene Urwego Nhikiranganji rurangura amabanga yarwo mu bintu bimwe bimwe .

◆Biciye mu kwihweza rimwe mu mezi atandatu ingene Urwego Nshikiranganji ruriko

ru

(Inama Nshingamateka

rurakorana uko amezi atandatu atashe kugira ngo rwihweze uburyo Urwego Nshikiranganji (Leta) ruriko rurarangura imigambi rwishinze.

■ mu bijanye na politike, hamwe n’ za

politike Igikorwa co gukomeza intwaro rusangi ca

bo nyene ubwabo biciye mu matora yo ku mugaragaro kandi ahiganwamwo imigambwe myinshi.

ā

zimangana ubutakigaruka mu mico i

■ (imigambwe

« ikebura » inzego zitwara igihugu)

ntangere mu

ntwaro rusangi. nyezina agenga urwo ruhara. Nkako, iyo migambwe iracungera ubutegetsi, maze ikiyubara ko abatsinze amatora,

ko vyegukira abenegihugu. Iyo migambwe ikebúra ubutegetsi ituma hatama hatwara abantu bamwe, maze abategetsi bakaja barahinduka bakuranwa mu gihugu. Itegeko riheruka gushirwako umukono rigenga imigambwe itari ku butegetsi (imigambwe ijejwe gukebura ubutegetsi) ryabaye intambwe ikomeye cane mu gikorwa co gutsimbataza intwaro rusangi.

Ahahobahoba hakeneye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa Naho tumaze gushika ku bitari bike, haracariho ibibuze canke bigoyagoya, bikeneye gukorwa, gushingwa canke gukosorwa : haracabuze Sentare Ubutungane (Haute Cour de Justice); Urwego Nshingamategeko rufise ubushobozi buke bwo gucungera ibikorwa vya Leta ; abagize ibisata vya politike ntibaja inama bikwiye i kibonekeza mu


22

banyepolitike bamwe bamwe ; abakenyezi badaserukiwe bihagije mu nama mpanuzwajambo zo ku mitumba no mu nzego zirongoye imigambwe.

nkuko bibereye, maze izo nzego nazo ntizibashe

kuba kirumara mu buryo zirangura imirimo zishinzwe Hari ingorane yibonekeje muri iyi vy Leta) se, imvo zimwe zimwe

burengerana, hamwe womengo bushinzwe canke bukora bimwe canke ibisa : ibi rero birabangamira umwimbu » bushikako.

. □ Haracabuze Sentare Sentare N Ubutungane gushika ubu ntirashingwa. Nkuko bitegekanijwe mu ngingo ya 234

ni yo ifise ububasha bwo gucira urubanza U Igihugu igihe yahemukiye igihugu zamateka

□ Urwego Nshingamategeko rufise ubushobozi buke bwo gucungera ibikorwa vya Leta

(Urwego Nshikiranganji) nó kwĭyumvīra rwó nyene ubwărwo gushinga amategeko mashasha (adashingiye gusa ku nteguro zivuye muri Leta)

Leta (Urwego Nshikiranganji) geko r kuko bifasha gukomeza uburyo

Leta ikora neza igashika ku ntumbero zitegekanijwe, n ikorera ku mugaragaro, ikaja iratangariza abenegihugu ivyo iriko irakora, igituma iriko irabikora, uburyo iriko irabikora, aho ibigejeje, mbere

rero ikikigoranye, ni uko muri iki kiringo Urwego N rufise mu vyerekeye ivyo

(« contrôle budgétaire »). Ibibazo babariza abashikiranganji imbonankubone mu nama nshingamateka na nkenguzamateka (« questions orales

(« amaraporo banyagihugu.

nshingamategeko (atari izirungitswe na Leta) kiracari ku rushi, bihugu uretse Uburundi.

□ Abagize ibisata vya politike (abanyepolitike) ntibaja inama bikwiye

rwamaho ( ntayegayezwa ) imigambwe yitwa ko ija irahuriramwo kugira

ngo ukwo k, kugira ngo hashobore

ungabunga, kubera ko twayashikiriye tubanje gutama.


23

yé birȋ

umugambwe umwe umwe wose, ku migambwe imwe imwe. Ni naho usanga amashami (akunze kwitwa « amababa ») avuka, akongera agasambuka bivuye ku bihe, mbere cane cane no ku nyungu

□ i karacibonekeza ku rubuga rwa politike « Urubuga rwa politike bamwe.

□ ukwiye

zo hasi bubonekera cane cane mu bihengeri biri m(Plans Communaux de Développement Communautaire), no mu buryo izo ndongozi zidashobora

migambi yashitseko.

□ Abakenyezi ntibaserukiwe bihagije mu nama mpanuzwajambo zo ku mitumba no mu nzego zirongoye imigambwe

Leta, mu rwego nshingamategeko

ari imparurwa. Kandi aho bigoreye, ni uko Ibwirizwa ata na hamwe ategekanya ig

AXE N° 1 : AMERLIORATION DE LA GOUVERNANCE UMUCE N°. 1 : IHANGIRO (INTUMBERO NYAMUKURU) N° 1.2 : GUKOMEZA UBURYO ABAGIZE INZEGO

, BIFUZA, KANDI BAKAMA BABAMENYEBABIGEJEJE

Bimwe bimwe mu vyo u , kandi bama bamenyesha abanyagihugu ivyo bariko barakora, kugamije gushikako ni ibi bikurikira: 1.2.1 Gukomeza ubushobozi bwa Leta, nko mu gusuzumira hafi (« audit ») uburyo urwego rushinzwe

Leta rukora, ku mvo zo gukuramwo ivyirwa


24

vyofasha mu gutora inzira ibereye kurusha yo kugenzura no kuroranya neza ibikorwa vya Leta, kandi kugira ngo na nya bikorwa nyene bishobore kubandanya neza mu buryo burama.

Urwego Nshingamategeko (Inama Nshingamateka na Nkenguzamateka)

Leta) Leta ;

; 1.2.5 Gufasha ubuyobozi bwa politike gutera intambwe (gukomeza ubushobozi bwo gukora neza mu banyepolitike)

Ubutungane (Haute Cour de Justice); 1.2.6 Gufasha umurwi CENI gushinga imizi ukaba urwego ruciye urwevu rumenyereye neza gukora

amabanga rushinzwe.

Abagize Urwego N .

1.3 Intwaro ishingiye ku mategeko (ari yo ntwaro « »)

,

uturimbi » dutomorwa kandi mategeko, ari yo bakunda kwita « rule of law », canke intwaro ishira amategeko hejuru ya vyose na bose. Kugira ngo habe intwaro ishingiye ku mategeko, ni ngombwa ko


25

ibisabwa na Leta (ubutegetsi) biba ibintu vyo ku mugaragaro, bitaba ibigenewe naka kuko ari naka,

n’

ikoze mu buryo yabisabwe. Ni ukuvuga rero ko : o amategeko ategerezwa gutangazwa bihagije akamenywa na bose (kuko aba yagenewe bose) ; o ntayisunge; o ategerezwa gukurikizwa koko, akubahirizwa ; o uyarenze wese ategerezwa guhanwa.

iba na mba mu

Intwaro ishingiye ku mategeko isaba ko haba hariho amategeko azwi, yo ku mugaragaro, yubahirizwa hakoreshejwe inzego zibishinzwe zinashobora no gukoresha inguvu zihabwa

kanashobora ugukoreshwa ata guhigimanga kandi ata nkunzi, mbere no ku bagize izo nzego nyene zironswa

hamwe bwo kuzikoresha.

Intwaro ishingiye ku mategeko 2010 Ukugereranya uko vyari vyifashe mu 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007 (uhereye hejuru, ni ukuvuga aho intwaro

ishingiye ku mategeko yari yifashe neza kurusha ahandi, ugatera umanuka).

-100).

Aho vyavuye: Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and Mastruzzi (2010), The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Methodology and Analytic Issues

0 25 50 75 100

Uburundi

Kenya

Urwanda

Tanzaniya

Ubuganda


26

Intwaro ishingiye ku mategeko _Ibiharuro vyatanzwe na Mo Ibrahim mu mwaka wa 2009

1.3.1

Muri iyi myaka itanu irangiye, Leta yashingiye ishirwa mu ngiro ry’intumbero yo gukomeza urwego mice ine mikuru mukuru .

Ubwa mbere na mbere, hari ukwegereza ubutungane abanyagihugu ( ababuranyi ) biciye mu kwubaka, gusanura no . Ubwa kabiri, hari ugufata mu mugongo ababuranyi bafise uburyo buke, , mu ntumbero yo gufasha abanyagihugu ba ntahonikora gushikira ubutungane.

ku nyifato ibereye no ku ngendo

( gupima ku

rubuga ») .

Ibimaze gushikwako

na vyo bikanba ari :

48 48,3 48,4

54,8

64,9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Urwanda Uburundi Kenya Tanzaniya Ubuganda


27

Ibwirizwa Shingiro rishinga intwaro ishimikiye ku mategeko ( ),

hisunzwe ibiranga Uburundi busanzwe

bwisangije muri kino kiringo

Ntwarante 2005 « intwaro

ishingiye ku mategeko», ari yo ntwaro irangwa n’i ). Ku vyerekeye urwego rememeza rigashinga mu buryo butomoye ibi bikurikira: « Urwego

ntaho rwegamiye, rukorera ku ngingo ata nkunzi, rurishira rukizana mu kurangura amabanga yarwo, kandi ntir Inama Nshingamateka na Nkenguzamateka Nshingwantwaro (Leta). Mu kurangura amabanga ajejwe, umucamanza nta kindi yisunga atari

fashwamwo

Inama Nkuru y’Urwego ) (Agace i

nako karerekana amabanga ajejwe Inama Nkenguzamateka. Kavuga ko Inama Nkenguzamateka ifise ububasha bwo kwemeza abagize Inama Nkuru

( , abacamanza bo muri Sentare Ntahinyuzwa, abacamanza basasa muri Sentare ijewe kwubahiriza Ibwirizwa Shingiro,

shikirizamanza bo mu gisata c , Umukuru wa Sentare ica imanza za Leta, Umushikirizamanza Mukuru wa Sentare Nkuru Isubiramwo Imanza, abakuru ba Se

gize koko kirongorwa. Ingingo zirigize zikomoka ku biganiro vyagoranye cane, vyarushe bigashikana abarundi ku

bose : ni co gituma iri Bwirizwa Shingiro rizikomokako ritegerezwa kw

rikaba urubikubiyemwo ico twokwita amaseze

bigenewe ikiringo ca 2011- 2015, hari icemezo kimwe gitegerezwa gukurikizwa : kubera ko Ibwirizwa Shingiro ari ryo fatiro ndabirwako, ritegerezwa gukurikizwa na bose, iyo oka kuri ryo, ni

kwisunga mu bikorwa, ni uko intumbero yose, umugambi wose, na cane cane ibikorwa vyose vyotegekanywa, bitegerezwa kwubaha

Bwirizwa Shingiro, uko risanzwe rimeze, ryanditse, ryubatse muri iiki gihe.

Ubutungane buringanijwe mu nzego ziriho kandi zikora zisunze

nyene asanzwe ariho


28

muri iki gihe cakurikiye intambara igihugu cari gihitiyemwo, ni menshi kandi anyuranye.

gisata. Urwo rwego rufise abarushigikiye benshi kandi banyu : muri abo hari abo

(Ubwongereza) , Ishirahamwe Union Européenne ), Ububirigi, Canada, USAID (Leta

(Ubudagi) Abo rero bafasha bo nyene ubwabo, canke bakabicisha ku mashirahamwe yigenga (ONG/associations). Bafasha mu bisata binyuranye: ugufasha abanyagihugu gushikira ubutungane (kwegereza ubutungane abanyagihugu), ugutunganya

, ugufata mu mugongo no , inyigisho / gukarisha ubwenge, kuronsa ubutungane

Ahahobahoba hakeneye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa

rube kirumara mu kurangura amabanga yarwo, harimwo ibi bikurikira :

□ rwigenga, ntirugendere mu kwaha kwa Leta.

Leta ko yisuka mu kazi

□ antu bagize iki gihugu idaserukiwe bihagije Kubera ivyo Uburundi bwaciyemwo muri kahise mu bijanye na politike, haribonekeza ubusumbane

Amasezerano

ntiburahera. . □ re anyuranye

urwa he y gíriza) kuva binjira mu

kazi gushika bakukuruke, ivyo usanga bibangamye koko. Nkako, ivyo bisata bibiri ntibisangiye vy

turavye ubuyobozi abashikirizamanza (abagize intahe y gíriza, ari yo maparake) bakukira (ugereranije .

masentare anyuranye mu gihugu cose, usanga hariho ubusumbasumbane bukomeye cane, navyo bikaba biva ku ntambara i Leta bose, kugira


29

ngo bakingire agatwe, bashima gukora mu bisagara ho hitwa ko hari hakingiwe kurusha ahandi, na cane a u gihugu cose, cane

cane inyubakwa (usanga ibisagara, na cane cane Bujumbura, ari vyo bifise uburyo bwinshi kurusha , mu turere two hagati mu gihugu). Ivyo vyose rero birabuza gushira mu ngiro

ubudahangarwa7

yarwo.

□ Ukubura amikoro akwiye.

Leta (Urwego rushinzwe intwaro yrushobore kwigenga ku rwotegerejwe kuronswa amikoro

Igihe hariko harategurwa amahera igihugu kizokoresha mu mwaka, vyotegerejwe kuba ngombwa ko mu

buryo butomoye ayatanzwe ngo

azokoreshwe na za Sentare.

□ b

ivyari bikenewe koko uravye ico vyagenewe)

rurakenye abakozi bakwiye, ni ukuvuga abacamanza bigiye bihagije kurangura iryo banga, na cane cane mu masentare yo hasi

hamwe ’ubushikirizamanza (amaparake). Igitangaje mbere, ni uko ari abo bacamanza, ari abashikirizamanza, ari inyamiramabi, ari abafasha

kazi.

abakozi, nta kiboneka vyashoboye gushikako, kuko ata nteguro itomoye okwiragizwa mu masentare yose ata yisigaye inyuma canke ngo isirwe inkore

ku maso. □

(« raporo ntasubirwamwo ») ingene urwego Africa Label Group muri

Ndamukiza 2009 « PAGE », rurerekana yuko ukurya ibiturire biran ata

i uko ako karanda ko kurya ibiturire mu nzego

7 Aha havurwa ico bita mu gifaransa “inamovibilité des magistrats”, navyo bikaba bisigura ko ari uburenganzira ukuba « ntayegayezwa » ari uburenganzira bwuzuye (« ntakorwako ») ku mucamanza wa sentare canke wa parake : aba akingiwe ingingo ata co zifatiyeko zo guhagarikwa mu kazi, gusubizwa inyuma mu mapete, guhindurirwa akazi (ikibanza canke igisata) atagishijwe inama canke atabishaka (n’aho kwoba ari ukumuduza ipete), gukurwa mu kazi, …


30

umengo ntibabona ingaruka mbi ntangere bifise ku buryo ubutungane bwotegerejwe gukora neza, na cane cane ko biteza «urubwa » butungane, hamwe usanga abantu batakizizigiye. Urugero

harangurwa icirwa citwa « Burundi » (Raba ibiri mu kibariko gikurikira).

zatanzwe, ari co gitigiri fatiro ku bantu ijana)

Igitigiri

fatiro

zose hamwe

Abagore Abagabo

Uburengero

50% 48% 53% 125

Hagati hashira uburengero

59% 53% 66% 128

Hagati hashira ubuseruko

44% 55% 52% 125

Uburaruko bushira ubuseruko

40% 21% 57% 123

Ubuseruko

58% 78% 47% 98

Igitigiri fatiro cose hamwe ku bantu ijana batanze inyishu

52%

49%

55%

599

(Inyishu zatororokanijwe hafatiwe ku mikebukano yo gutohoza mu banyagihugu)

□ Abanyagihugu ntiboroherwa mu gushikira inzego z’ubutungane (za sentare) muri rusangi, abo

bigora kurusha abandi nabo bakaba ari cane cane abakenyezi na ba ntahonikora Ico cirwa twavuze ngaha hejuru kirerekana ko

asabwa guca ku bintu vyinshi biteba kandi bitwara umwanya

muremure imbere y’uko ashikira sentare, sentare nazo nyene zikaba ziteba cane gusasa ngo zumvirize imanza, mbere no kuzica ; vyongeye ko imanza zimaze gucibwa haca igihe kirekire zitarashirwa mu


31

ngiro umuntu ashingishe urubanza kandi arukurikirane ifatiye ku buryo usanga

iyakirwa ridashemeye (« ukwakirwa nabi »)

ry’abaje kwitura ubutungane : ivyo vyose bituma bigoye gushikira ubutungane ku banyagihugu basanzwe (Raba ivyanditse mu bibariko bikurikira).

mbere mu buryo bukabije

Akarere Igitigiri fatiro

hamwe

Abagore Abagabo zose

zatanzwe

Uburengero 56% 44% 60% 106

Hagati hashira

uburengero

57% 59% 55% 82

Hagati hashira

ubuseruko

45% 53% 37% 103

Uburaruko bushira

ubuseruko

43% 44% 42% 110

Ubuseruko 54% 38% 63% 94

Igitigiri fatiro cose

hamwe ku bantu

ijana batanze

inyishu

51%

51%

50%

495

(Inyishu zatororokanijwe hafatiwe ku mikebukano yo gutohoza mu banyagihugu)

(igitigiri fatiro kuri buri sentare)

Akarere Igitigiri fatiro

zose hamwe

Abagore Abagabo Igitigiri

zatanzwe

Uburengero 56% 44% 60% 106

Hagati hashira

uburengero

57% 59% 55% 82

Hagati hashira

ubuseruko

45% 53% 37% 103

Uburaruko bushira

ubuseruko

43% 44% 42% 110

Ubuseruko 54% 38% 63% 94

Igitigiri fatiro cose

hamwe ku bantu ijana

batanze inyishu

51%

51%

50%

495

(Ivyo biharuro vyavuye mu : ni ibitigiri fatiro risanganya


32

uburyo Umugambi wa mbere wo kugwanya ubukene CSLP (2006-2011)

100.00, muri 2009 naho hari 18,4% ku banyagihugu 100.000 ím nza zid ndíra zikaguma ng ho zír ndiriye có c gumye côngerekana na ntaryo (cavuye ku manza 27.195 muri 2006 gishika kuri 45.511 mu 2009),

zakurikijwe (zashizwe mu ngiro) co cagiye kigabanuka, kuko cavuye kuri 46% muri 2006 kigasubira inyuma kuri 39% muri 2009 (Ivyo

« CSLP - 2006-2011 » washitseko, Icegeranyo ca FMI N° 11/53, Ruhuhuma 2011).

ánab ye ihonyangwa

kwakira

cane covugwa, ni uko rimwe na rimwe izo mbohe zipfungir

amategeko, ni uko usanga abagirizwa / abikekwako ivyaha (kuko nta kiba kirabagira) usanga « barundarunze igihugu,

kirenze urugero ugereranije ; vyongeye, ayo mabohero ugasanga yuzuye cane cane abantu ata caha kirabagira, kuko benshi muri bo ari

(Icirwa co , Ndamukiza 2009). Ica

kibandanya kwiyongera. Cavuye ku bapfunzwe107 ku banyagihugu 100.000 muri 2006 kija kuri 132 muri 2009 (uburyo abanyororo barundarunze) rwavuye ku

wa 2009 ( « CSLP - 2006-2011 » Icegeranyo ca FMI N° 11/53, Ruhuhuma 2011).

Uko hă igihugu, ni ko hatanguye ingendo yo kudahana ivyaha mu Burundi, maze iyo ngendo ica igenda itsimbatara uko hagiye haraba urwo

i uko abantu bamwe bamwe usanga batwawe ne. Ukwo kudahana ivyaha kwibonekeza cane cane ku manza

(« amadosiye mu


33

yaka iri imbere

--- INTWARO ISHINGIYE KU MATEGEKO (« ») IHANGIRO N° 1.3.1 : KWUBAKA UBUTUNGANE BWIGENGA, UBUTUNGANE KURI BOSE, UBUTUNGANE BURANGWAMWO IBIHANO BIDACIYE MU KARENGANYO KANDI BIDAHOHOTERA ABAPFUNGWA

Intumbero Leta yafashe kugira ngo ubutungane bugende burushirizaho gukora neza ni iyo kunagura no k biriko birarangurwa bigamije gushika ku Butungane bwigenga, Ubutungane kuri bose, mbere Ubutungane burangwamwo ibihano bidaciye mu karenganyo (biciye mu ngingo) kandi bidahohohotera abapfungwa. Ica mbere iyi ntumbero yubakiyeko, ni ugukomeza « UBUTUNGANE BWIGENGA ». Kugira ngo

: kwemera

« Inama Rukokoma hira mu ngiro ku mwihariko, kandi mu buryo kirumara, ibikorwa bijejwe Inama N Ubucamanza (

), hamwe no guha koko Sentare Ntahinyuzwa, mu mategeko no mu ngiro cane cane, ikibanza mu busumbasumbane b . Inama Nkuru

Ubucamanza izotegura icegeranyo (« iraporo ») uko umwaka utashe ku buryo ubutungane bwifashe mu gihugu, nkuko bisanzwe bitegekanijwe mu mabanga ayega, Ibwirizwa Shingiro Uguk , kuri

navyo

bikazoshimikira ku ubushikirizamanza bahabwa akazi, kandi ayo mategeko akazokwama ari yo akurikizwa kuri bose ; bizoshingira kandi kw inyigisho zizoja zirahabwa abakozi bose bo mu bucamanza, abo mu bushikirizamnza nmabanga yabo : izo nyigisho zizofatira ku mugambi

uragirwa hisunzwe i Ihangiro Leta yishinze, ni uko muri 2015, abahawe

sozera inyigisho bazoba bahawe

batoye ico kibazo bikazonatuma bazoba bemejwe mu kazi kabo. Ica kabiri iyi ntumbero yubakiyeko, ni « UBUTUNGANE KURI BOSE », ibi navyo bikaba biri mu bizokorwa kugira ngo ubucamanza buronke koko ububasha bubereye, kandi bukeneye mu kurangura neza kandi mu bwisanzure amabanga yarwo, nkuko nyene bibereye urwego rugenewe kwirukirwa

; ikindi, ni ugukora ibishoboka kugira ngo amasentare yegere abanyagihugu kugira ngo shobore kuba kirumara mu kubatunganiriza. Kizoba rero igikorwa co kwegereza


34

banyagihugu nyene, ibi vyose kugira nzibatunganiriza bashobore kuzishikra no kumenya ingene bazitura. Ugushikira ubutungane ata gutama,

: ica mbere, ni ukworosha uburyo abanyagihugu bashikira ubutungane, kuva mu kibano co ku mutumba gushika ku rwego rwa Sentare Gasamburamanza. zabwo zegerezwa abanyagihugu, aho basanzwe baba, mu bibano vyabo. Ikindi naco (ica kabiri) ni uko umunyagihugu wese yo iwe

abigenza) ngombwa kworosha uburyo abanyagihugu bashikira ubutungane, mbere na ba ntahonikora bagahabwa ababunganira mu kwitura ubutungane no mu mburane zabo. Iryo tunganywa ryo kwegereza ubutungane abanyagihugu ritegerezwa kwisunga ingendo irangwa

inzego ; ku bacamanza bo nyene naho, ni ugukomeza

mu bijanye n ihangiro buts et objectifs ») zishingiye ku rugero ruba rusanzwe rutegekanijwe rwerekana aho baba bagejeje mu kuba kirumara ku « kivi » bashinzwe (« indicateurs de performance »). Ikindi kitohara, ni ukwegereza koko

ziri aho abanyagihugu basanzwe babaye (mu bibano vyabo batarinze kutama), hakurikijwe uko Uburundi busanzwe butunganijwe . Ico Leta yifuza, ni uko, twoshikira

(imanza zidindira zigateba gucibwa) bimaze kugabanuka ku rugero rwa 10%, maze kandi muri uyo

(« umwimbu na bwo nyene bwoba bwariyongereye, mu buryo bwo gushikira no kwisunga

Abanyagihugu bazoronswa « inyigisho ku butunganijwe kandi bukora » (« éducation juridique »), kugira ngo babimenye neza, babashe gusaba

e, nkuko ubwo burenganzira butegekannjwe kandi bubegurirwa n Ibwirizwa Shingiro, mbere n masezerano mpuzamakungu. Izo nyigisho zizokomeza ingene abanyagihugu bitura ubutungane mu buryo bubereye, kandi ata kujuragirika. Ibi rero bizosaba ko hahabwa inyigisho abafasha bo mu

yo gukoresha mu kwakira no kuvugisha abatumbereye ivyo biro, barondera kwitura isentare vyegukira.. Ica gatatu iyi ntumbero yubakiyeko, ni ugukomeza « BICIYE MU NGINGO KANDI BIDAHOHOTERA ABAPFUNGWA » -- Ngaha ihangiro ni ukuryohora uburyo buryo bwose bushoboka, cane cane abari mu mirwi ya ba magara make.

ko umunyororo ari uwo guhana, canke mbere guhasha ivyaha) abapfungwa kugira ngo bazokwigenze neza mu kibano, bazoshobore kubana neza bazorekurirwa. abo bose bajejwe


35

, ivyo vyose bizofasha mu kugabanya ingorane zisanzwe

abanyagihugu batari mu ngoyi.

ugutorera inyishu ibibazo

dushobora kubeshaho umuntu, kugira ngo baronke ico bakora mu gihe bapfunzwe, kandi kugira ngo

hakurikijwe imice ifatiye « abasangiye igitsina, kandi banganya imyaka canke bafise imyaka ijanye, yegeranye), ivyo vyose bizofasha gusununura uburyo abanyororo babayeho mu buzima bwabo bwo mu ngoyi. Ikindi naco, ni uko ubutungane bubereye abana,

ikibanza gikwiye no gukurikizwa. . Umugambi wa Leta, ni uko twoshika mu mwaka wa 2015

ragabanutse ku rugero fatiro rwa 10% ku mwaka, ko ugutanga ibindi bihano vyosubirira umunyororo kwoba kwarateye intambwe iboneka, gurtyo igitigiri

ubu kibashe kugabanuka gushika ku rugero fatiro rungana na 5% ku mwaka.

indi vyose 1.3.1.1 a

. Ibi rero vyorangurwa mu buryo bukurikira : kuringaniza amanama rukokoma y akurikizwa, bigashigwa mu ngiro koko ; (mbere ishingwa ; gutororokanya ivyigwa ngirakamaro mu buryo bisanzwe bigenda mu bindi

(« icicaro ») ca Sentare Ntahinyuzwa mu zindi nzego zirongoye igihugu. 1.3.1.2 1.3.1.3 bwkurangura neza amabanga yabo.

ntwaro ibereye 1.3.1.5 Gukomeza uburyo abanyagihugu birukira ukwitura ubutungane, kandi bakabigira mu buryo bubereye, mu gihe bikenewe koko, kandi ata kujuragirika 1.3.1.6

bikora. 1.3.1.7 Ukurushirizaho gufata runtu abanyororo, turavye aho bapfungirwa, uburyo babaho mu


36

1.3.1.1.8 bigero) barenze amategeko

1.3.2 Igipolisi Ibimaze gushikwako

amategeko, navyo bikaba ari vyo, kurusha ibindi vyose mbere, bituma abanyagihugu bubahirizwa mu burenganzira ntarengwa bwabo, m shingiye ku gateka ka zina muntu mu bibano. Leta . Nico gituma yatanguye igikorwa co kunagura ico gisata yisunze intumbero zibiri

buriho ; intumbero ya kabiri, ni ugukomeza ubu

butosoye kandi butomoye. Umugambi ngenderwako utomora ibizorangurwa muri 2007 gush Leta ifise

kirumara mu kurangura amabanga yarwo, kandi rugakora rwegereye abanyagihugu, ku neza yabo, rukaba koko Uko Leta yagiye irinjiza aba

gushira mu ngiro

: ukumenya amabanga ya kigenga, uguca u

Iryo nagurwa Leta yagize ryatumye harangurwa ibi bikurikira : o

; o Gushinga no gushira mu ngiro umugambi wo gukinga no kurwanya ukurya ibiturire, ibi navyo bikaba vyatumye

; o ( pusha zo kugendesha umuduga, izindi nzandiko zinyuranye, ), hamwe

irwa mu gukwiragiza mu gihugu aho zishobora gutangirwa; o

: uburyo bwakoreshejwe, ni uko ayo mafaranga asigaye arihirwa mu gisata OBR; o Kwongereza uburyo abakeneye gutunganirizwa mu buryo bunyuranye igisata ca PAFE (Igipolisi

bibe z’igihugumabarabara (Police de Roulage) bakirwa neza ;


37

o nyene ingene ibisata vyabwo vyose bikora, biciye mu gushinga no kugwiza

biri ku murwa mukuru vyonyene, buje burabicisha muri ayo mashami yegereye ho abapolisi bakorera;

o tuma igipolisi kirushirizaho kuba kirumara mu bikorwa vyo gukinga amabi afatiye ku bitsina (amabi akorerwa abakenyezi) ; o

kwa umuryango w ;

obwotuma igipolisi kurangurana ubuhinga bubereye koko amabanga gishinzwe; o bereye kandi ntarengwa mu rwego

o Gukora ibikenewe vyose kugira ngo hafutwe abantu banditswe ko ari abapolisi kandi hakasohoka amahera yo kubahemba kandi ata bariho ( personnel fictif ); o ;


ranguwe ivyo bikorwa binyuranye vyo kunagura

: □

; □ Ukudakurikiza amategeko (« uguta umurongo ») birangwa mu bapolisi batari bake, hamwe

bitú ; □ Harabuze ugukorera ku mugaragaro mu buryo bukurikizwa mu gushinga amabanga abapolisi,

hamwe no gushinga ibibanza bakoreramwo; □ ziriho zitari

buracahobahoba cane; □ »),

Nshingamateka na Nkenguzamateka), igisata yigenga

mu gihugu, bifise ubushobozi buke bwo kugenzura igisata kijejwe gucungera umutekano; □ rukurikirane (« ubusumbasumbane »)

; □


38

1 : AMELIORAT

UMUCE N° 1 : GUKOMEZA INTWARO IBEREYE MU BIJANYE NA POLITIKE --- INTWARO ISHINGIYE KU MATEGEKO (« ») IHANGIRO N° 1.3.2 : KWUBAKA IGIPOLISI CEGEREYE ABANYAGIHUGU, KIRANGURA NEZA AMABANGA YACO KANDI ATAHO CEGAMIYE (KITAGIRA NKUNZI)ABANYAGIHUGU KANDI GIKORA NA NTARYO KU NEZA YABO

:

bw 1.3.2.2 Gukomeza mu gipolisi ingendo yo kutagira aho cegamiye 1.3.2.3 Gukomeza birangwa no kurondera ibintu ku manyanga : ivyo rero vyoca mu guhana no guhasha ukurya ibiturire

ikenye muri urwo rwego

yigenga).

1.3.3 Agateka ka zina muntu

kigeze mu gutsimbataza intwaro ishingiye ku mategeko . Muri iyi myaka itanu irangiye, hararinganijwe mu gihugu cguhimiriza abanyagihugu ku bikuru bikuru agateka ka zina muntu gashimikiyeko. Abanyagihugu

Wigenga Ujejwe Agateka ka Zina Muntu.

anyo cawo. Mbere, hari amategeko atari make yerekeye agateka ka zina muntu yemejwe canke yasubiwemwo.

Ibimaze gushikwako

■

kiremwa muntu okwubahirizwa ( 61) o Amasezerano y isi yose yerekeye iteka rya zina muntu (Déclaration Universelle des Droits de ), Isezerano


39

Mpuzamakungu ryerekeye uburenganzira mu bijanye ku gateka ka zina muntu (Pacte International relatif aux droits civils et politiques), Isezerano

kama (Pacte International relatif aux droits économiques, sociaux et culturels), Isezerano ryerekeye ugusezera uburyo bwose butuma haba ivangura rikumira abakenyezi (toutes les

Convention relative aux droits ), o Ugufuta igihano co gupfa.

■

Nshingamategeko (Inama Nshingamateka na Nkenguzamateka).

yigenga menshi cane, muri ayo hakaba harimwo atari make aharanira

zuzanye


akingiwe kandi bitubahirijwe bikwiye mu Burundi (Raba iki kibariko kiri ngaha hepfo).

_Urugero rufatiye ku biharuro vyashikirijwe na Mo Ibrahim muri 2009

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Ngibi bimwe mu bikuru bikuru bikibangami : o Hari uburyo

; o ; o Agatima ko kwihutira kuboreza igufa abapfungwa mu kubasambisha bigamije ukubemeza ibirego ku nguvu ; o Haracaguma hibonekeza ubwicanyi ndengerabutungane; o Nta buryo butegekanijwe na/muri Leta bwo gufasha abatishoboye mu mburane zabo ; o Ukudahana ivyaha vyo guhohotera ag ane aho usanga ivyo vyaha bíkomeye cane, mbere ari agahomerabunwa ; o Ikumirwa ryibonekeza ku bakenyezi ; o .

Ibikuru bikuru vyifuzwa gushikwako mu

--- INTWARO ISHINGIYE KU MATEGEKO (« ») IHANGIRO N° 1.3..3 : AGATEKA VYA ZINA MUNTU

zina muntu, kugira ngo, kubera ukwo guca urwevu, babonereho gusaba inzego za Leta ata kurya

1.3.3.2 Kurushirizaho gukingira abantu ba ntege nke na ba ntahonikora mu gushinga intumbero

Leta bwo kubafasha kwitura ubutungane no kuburana imanza zabo ;

mu

1.3.3.4 Guhagarika ubwicanyi ndengerabutungabwabo (kubaboreza igufa). 1.3.3.5 yishinze guharanira

;

zina muntu ;

(“Cour africaine des droits de l’homme et des peuples”), rinashinga Sentare ya


41

enegihugu, no gushira umukono ku Rwandiko fatiro rutanga uburenganzira bwo kwitura iyo Sentare ku bantu basanzwe no ku mashirahamwe yigenga.

Amashirahamwe yigenga (adaharanira inyungu za politike) afise uruhara rukomeye mu gihugu no mu kibano ico ari co cose. Akamaro kayo kibonekeza nko mu bikurikira : o Gukabura abanyagihugu bose kugira ngo bagire uruhara rwuzuye muri ivyo vyose biraba ubuzima

; o Gutsimbataza in ; o Guteza imbere intwaro ifatiye ku vyiyumviro vyinshi kandi binyuranye, na vyo bikaba vyiserurira mu migambwe inyuranye ; o Kwigisha no kumenyesha abanyagihugu ibikenewe kugira ngo bace urwevu : kuba ihuriro ribereye ritangirwamwo inyigisho zo kwijukira gukurikirana ibiraba igihugu, abicishije mu kumenyesha hose ibikene amwo ; o Gukomeza intwaro ibereye mu gihugu hose, .

Ibimaze gushikwako o Hariho amategeko agenga ishingwa o Hariho amashirahamwe yigenga menshi cane rwose, mu ; o A bagiranezanzego mpuzamakungu).

Ahahobahoba hakeneye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa □ : kugira ngo ayo mashirahamwe

; □ Ntafise ubushobozi bukwiye bwo guhimiriza no gukwega abanyagihugu benshi ngo bijukire kandi bafate mu mugongo ivyo aharanira ; □ Amategeko ayagenga ariho ubu ntaha uburenganzira bukwiye ayo mashirahamwe ngo ashobore koko gukora mu mwidegemvyo ; □ Harakundimigenderanire ifatiye ku mpaka.


42

XE N° 1 :

UMUCE N° 1 : GUKOMEZA INTWARO IBEREYE MU BIJANYE NA POLITIKE --- INTWARO ISHINGIYE KU MATEGEKO (« ») IHANGIRO N° 1.3.4 : , AKEREBUKE, KANDI AKORE IBIBEREYE VYUBAKA.

Ibikorwa vyihutirwa kandi vyoza

1.3.4.1 Kunagura no gusubiramwo amategeko agenga uburyo amashirahamwe yigenga akora o Gushinga itegeko rimwe rishira imbere kandi ryubahiriza uburenganzira bwo gushinga amashirahamwe ; o Guhindura uburyo amashirahamwe yemezwa, ntibisubire kubera mu murwa mukuru gusa (umukono

wo iryo yemezwa rishobore kwegera abanyagihugu, kugira ngo mu ntara za

1.3.4.2 Gufata mu mugongo amashirahamwe yigenga o

abaserukira inzego zo hejuru yabereye i Accra ku buryo imfashanyo zoba i Accra, cane cane mu

ngingo yawo ya

1.3.5 Ibimenyeshamakuru

Ibimaze gushikwako Ibimenyeshamakuru bifise uruhara ntangere kandi rugaragara mu gihugu cose kirangwamwo intwaro rusangi ni

. Mu Burundi, kandi nkuko vyanagenze no bwatanguye m : ubwo burenganzira bwatumye havuka kandi hatangura gukomera ibimenyeshamakuru vyigenga, navyo bikaba vyatumye hadasubira kuba ibimenyeshamakuru vyiganziwe na Leta vyonyene.

(« ivyakubita agati mu ntozi ») mu makuru vyatanga, ubumenyeshamakuru bwahavuye bwisununura, buja burahinduka buhoro buhoro, gushika aho buba ubumenyeshamakuru bwubaka, bwitanga kugira ngo amahoro agaruke mu gihugu, bubicishije mu guha

Leta : ivyo vyatumye hatangwa amakuru ataho ahengamiye, aha ijambo bose. Muri ibi bihe turimwo naho, ibimenyeshamakuru biranafise uruhara rukomeye mu gushigikira no gukingira agateka ka zina muntu. Vyaragize uruhara

2005 na 2010. Ibimenyeshamakuru vyo mu Burundi, hari « inkingi » zimwe zimwe bifise bishobora kwishimikiza mu gutorera inyishu ingorane zikibibangamiye. Izo « nkingi :


43

(i) Ibwirizwala Shingiro ritanga uburenganzira bwo kuvuga no guserura ivyiyumviro ata nkomanzi, (ii) Kubona hariho urwego rushinzwe gukurikirana ico gisata, narwo rukaba ari Urwego rw'igihugu rujejwe kugenzura itangazamakuru (Conseil National de la Communicationrutuma ubumenyeshamakuru bwo nyene bwikurikiranira bugacungera ingene bukora : urwo rero ni Urwego rujejwe gucungera no gukurikirana uburyo ibinyamakuru vyo mu Burundi bikora (Observatoire de la presse burundaise) (iii) , (iv) Kubona hariho amashirahamwe

(v) Uburyo abagiraneza bo mu makungu.

Ahahobahoba hakeneye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa Ibikurubukuru biri mu bikibangamiye ibimenyeshamakuru ni ibi bikurikira : (i) Ibinyamakuru vyigenga biracazera inze ku vyerekeye amikoro bikeneye kugira ngo bishobore gukora, (ii) , (iii) Urwego rw'igihugu rujejwe kugenzura itangazamakuru (CNC) ntirwigenga, (iv) Amategeko akandamiza mu buryo bukabije ubwigenge bwotegerejwe kuranga igikorwa

, ntiba/ntibikurikiza inyifato

itangazamakuru, (vi) Haracabuze itegeko rigenga uburenganzira bwo kuronka amakuru ata nzitizi, kandi (vii) Nt

UMUCE N° 1 : GUKOMEZA --- INTWARO ISHINGIYE KU MATEGEKO (« ») IHANGIRO N° 1.3.5 : GUSHIGIKIRA ITANGAZAMAKURU RIREMYE, RYIGENGA KANDI RIKORA IBIBEREYE, VYUBAKA.

Ibikorwa vyihutirwa kandi Ivyo bikorwa bizoshimikira kuri ibi bikurikira : 1.3.5.1 itegeko rigenga umwuga wo kumenyesha amakuru rizotegerezwa

makuru ata nzitizi, kandi iryo bwirizwa rishirweko umukono ata gisivyaumwuga wo kumenyesha amakuru rizobwirizwa gushikako, ni ugutorera umuti ibibazo bimwe bimwe

ivyo vyaha, ivyerekeye abagize Urwego rw'igihugu rujejwe kugenzura

gufata mu mugongo ibinyamakuru.


44

IKIGABANE CA 2 : INTWARO IBEREYE MU BUZI BWA LETA Intwaro ibereye mu buzi bwa Leta ( ), iraba gusa ibibazo

Leta (Fonction Publique), hamwe zo hasi (administration locale).

2.1 (ubuzi bwa Leta)

uruhe . Benshi bavuga ko

, hakongera ibereye mu (mu buzi bwa Leta), ivyo bibiri ko ata nkeka, ari zo nkingi kirumara

.

Ibimaze gushikwako Muri iyi myaka itanu irangiye, Leta binyuranye, kugira ngo ubuzi bwayo burushirizeho kuba kirumara mu buryo burangura imirimo yabwo. Vyongeye, ubushikiranganji butari buke bwarihweje mu buryo bunonosoye ibisata bujejwe, kugira ngo burabe ivyotosorwa mu buryo butunganijwe, maze gurtyo bushobore gukora neza kurusha, kandi bukoresheje amikoro make kurusha ayo bwahora bukoresha. Bimwe muri ivyo bikorwa, ni ibi bikurikira : (i) Mu mwaka wa 2008, hararinganijwe rusansuma Leta (abakozi ba Leta

: urwo rusansuma rwatumye hashirwa ahabona abitwa ko bari abakozi ba Leta, kandi batabaho ( fonctionnaires fantômes ), abo nabo rero bakaba imishahara yabo yarasohoka uko ukwezi gutashe, kandi batakora mu buzi bwa Leta (ni ukuvuga mu buzi burabwa

Leta), (ii) Leta Leta), abakuru

(iii) Leta (kijejwe gufasha abakukuruke

kozi ba Leta ba ari co kigo ONPR, Kaminuza r ,

bumwe bw hóra búkorera -- kandi búshobora gushik rwa-- ku murwa mukuru ,

(vi) ,

U Leta uburyo bushasha

(« umukenyuro mushasha» w’inyabwonko) butuma hakurikiranwa hagategurwa mu buryo bworoshe kandi mu mwanya muto cane bikenewe kumenywa ku biranga akazi

muri iki gihe ( carrières ) . Ibi vyatumye amahera yahora atangwa kugira ngo ako kazi gashobore gukorwa agabanuka cane rwose, navyo bikaziganiriza Leta ; vyongeye,

.


45

buzi bwa leta bukora neza_Ibiharuro vyo mu rugero rwateguwe na Mo Ibrahim mu ri 2009

64,3 64,8 67,8

irafise ibintu cokwubakirako kugira ngo cinagure, gisubire kugira izina ryiza

ahora rikiranga aho hambere : (i) Ugukora neza, ukudahengama mu kurangura imirimo, u ubuntu

Shingiro ritegekaniriza kandi ribwiriza ubuzi bwa Leta bujejwe. Birategekanijwe, kandi ni inkingi yo kwubakirako,

( ibibanza ) mu kazi ka Leta, (iii) ijanishwe , ntidusigare inyuma: ivyo biremezwa mu nzandiko zitomora intumbero

umugambi wo kurwanya ubukene mu gihugu (CSLP), Umugambi « MURIKIRABURUNDI 20125 » (Burundi Vision 2025), etc, (iv) abanyagihugu; kandi vyongeye, (v) Haramaze guterwa intambwe ibogihugu, maze abakeneye kubwitura bakaboneraho kubushikira badatamye, batiriwe barasesagura amikoro yabo.

Ibikigoranye, ahahobahoba hakeneye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa

(ubuzi bwa Leta), ni ibi bikurikira :

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i. Ukutarangura ibintu biboneka koko (« umwimbu udashemeye », bikaba bituruka cane cane ku mvo zikurikira : (a) Nta buryo canke intumbero iriho yo gutegekanya, kunonosora no gushira ku rutonde no ku kirangamisi (« gupanga ») imirimo izokorwa, hamwe n irangurwa ryayo, mbere

n isuzumwa canke ukurīmbūra ivyashitsweko ufatiye ku vyari bitegekanijwe : niba iyo , (b) Ubuzi bwa Leta

cane mu kurangura imirimo, maze igikorwa cose ugasanga kimaze umwanya muremure mu buryo , (c) Uguc

kazi mu buryo bukabije, (d) I ; ii. Ku bakozi ba Leta nka bose (havuyemwo imparurwa), aho bakorera, uburyo bakoreshwa, na cane cane agashahara baronka, ntibituma namba bakura amaboko mu mpuzu ngo bijukire akazi ; iii. Uburyo abakozi batwarwa, ntibushemeye, ibi navyo bikibonekeza rimwe na rimwe ku bigirwa mu gutanga akazi, zeza amabanga yisununuye ata gifatirwako gitomoye, cumvikana, kandi gicishijwe ku mugaragaro ; iv. Abakozi ntibahabwa ; v. Ugukorera ahabona ni umugani ; vi. Abakenyezi ntibaserukiwe bikwiye mu buzi bwa Leta ; vii. Harabuze akamenyero ko gukora mu buryo bushingiye ku kiba cashinzwe co gushikako, kandi mu buryo umukozi ategerezwa kuja arereka/amenyesha abamukoresha, ku vyo ariko arakora, ico ariko arakora nyene, ingene ariko aragikora, aho akigejeje, uburyo ariko arakoresha, ingene ar ;

(ubuzi butari ubwa politike), ntirikurikizwa bikwiye ; ix. Leta

iteke ; x. Biracagora abirukira/abitura ubuzi bwa Leta bajuragirika; xi. Inzego zisanzwe zitegekanijwe kandi ziriho zo ku

muri ico gisata, ntizikora namba ;

: abanyagihugu ntibiborohera gushika aho rukorera ngo barwiture, kuko rukorera gusa ku cicaro carwo kir ; xiii. Ukurya igiturire vyariraye muri ico gisata.


47

Leta ababwitura, bwirukira kugira ngo bashikire aho bakeneye, baronke

UMUCE N° 2.1 : GUKOMEZA INTWARO IBEREYE MU BUZI BWA LETA (IBIJANYE N ) IHANGIRO ISHIKIRWA NA BOSE, IBATUNGANIRIZA BITAGORANYE, BATARINZE GUTAMA CANKE KUJURAGIRIKA

Kugira ngo iryo hangiro riranguke, ni ngombwa rwose yuko habanza kuba inagurwa rikomeye cane,

(ubuzi bwa Leta) Umugambi

Ubuzi bwa Leta ».

2.1.1

Ntawoshoka amenya ngo yongere avuge ibizoba biri muriwo, ariko uwo Mugambi wo

Kunagura Ubuzi bwa Leta, zikurikira :

2.1 Leta yifuza kuzoshikako muri iyi myaka iri imbere mu

(ubuzi bwa Leta) o

isano iri hagati yavyo) (« audit organisationnel biyigize bikora (« audit opérationnel »)

o Kunonosora no guheraheza integuro mugambi wo Kunagura Igisata c’Ubuzi bwa

Leta.

2.1.1.2

o kuba kirumara mu kazi) aho hose bishoboka o Gushinga ko hama na ntaryo wose, uko umwaka utashe, kandi ko urwo rutonde rutegerezwa gukurikizwa mu kazi ka misi yose o Gushinga/ gutegeka ko akazi kazohora gategurwa, gatunganywa, kandi karangurwa hisunzwe ibisanzwe vyarategekanijwe gushikwako, ari na vyo bica biba i o Mu bisata vyose , gushinga ko mu kazi kose, no ku mukozi wese, hazoba urutonde

aze bikaba nkuko no ku mukozi wese o Guhindura uburyo bwo gutanga amanota buhasanzwe, kugira ngo amanota azohore atangwa hishimiikijwe ibintu biboneka bifatiye ku buryo umukozi azoba yabaye kirumara ku kazi, no ku vyo

kurangura no gushikako.


48

2.1.1.3 o rimwo aho umukozi wese atonze ku kazi ashira umukono imbere

gisivya mu buzi bwose bwa Leta o imo, kandi mu buzi bwose, hamwe atawusohoka ataronse uruhusha.

akomakomeye (« amabanga yo hejuru ») o Kwinjiza abakozi mu kazi (gutanga akazi) hakurikijwe uhafatiwe ku bintu bizwi, bitomoye kandi vyumvikana o

2.1.1.5 Mu bihe vyategekanijwe, hokwama ha imirimo

o Gushinga uburyo bwama bukoreshwa kugira ngo igisata cose came kigenzura ingene akazi karinganizwa kandi karangurwa mu mice yose ikagize, hari ibitagenda neza, imwo zikamenyekana, bikaboneraho gutosorwa, maze akazi kakama karushirizaho kurangurwa neza. o Gushinga ibihe ntabanduka amaraporo yama atangirwako

Leta o Kuroranisha inyigisho zitangwa na intwaro mu gihugu o Guha intege no guhimiriza abakozi ba Leta kugira ngo baze barungurana ubwenge mu buzi basanzwe bakoramwo, hamwe uwuzi canke yungutse ubumenyi canke ubuhinga mu kintu kanaka haringanizwa

; o Gushinga yuko umukozi wese avuye gukurikirana inyigisho mu Burundi canke mu mahanga, yotegura igikorwa cerekana ingene azokoresha ivyo yize, kandi akanere ho bizozana.

Ikoreshwa mu buzi bwa Leta bizotuma uburyo bwo gutunganiriza neza abanyagihugu bwiyongera ; ibindi bizoca vyiyongera, ni ugukorera ku mugaragaroIvyokorwa nyezina ni ibikurikira : o Gukwiza mu buzi bwa Leta o Gufatanya imirongo nyabwonko bumwe bumwe kugira ngo bukorere hamwe ku vyo buhuriyeko no gukurikirana abakozi ba Leta


49

2.1.1.8 Gutuma ivyega abakozi ba Leta bităma biriko birahindagurika

ku kazi turetse

umuti muri wa Mugambi wo Kunagura Igisata c’Ubuzi bwa Leta 2.1.1.9 : o Guha mabanga yabo; o ; o

hugu.

2.1.2 Ugukorera ku mugaragaro mu buzi bwa Leta AXE N°2.1 : AMELIORATION DE LA GOUVERNANCE UMUCE N°2.1 : GUKOMEZA INTWARO IBEREYE MU BUZI BWA LETA IHANGIRO N° 2.1.2 : GUKOMEZA UGUKORERA AHABONA MU BUZI BWA LETA

Ugukomeza ugukorera ku mugaragaro bisaba iki ?

2.1.2.1 Ugutanga akazi biciye mu gukorera ku mugaragaro (ata guca mu manyanga, ata

gukorera mu rufuri) oabobironswa) ; o Hategerezwa kuba hariho ibifatirwako bitomoye kandi bizwi na bose bifatirwako mu gutanga akazi no mu kuduza abakozi mu mabanga bashingwa ;

2.1.2.2 Uburyo bwo gukora bwubakiye ku gukorera ku mugaragaro

o Gukwiza hose ibitabu birimwo kandi bisigura ingene akazi gakorwa (“manuels de

procédure”); o Leta (abakenera ko bubatunganiriza),

Leta kanaka, ivyo gashobora gufashamwo abanyagihugu, ico ubwituye abwirizwa gutanga kugira ngo atunganirizwe canke


50

2.1.3 Ukugira uruhara8 mu bikorwa mu kazi canke igisata umuntu akoramwo

UMUCE N°2.1 : GUKOMEZA INTWARO IBEREYE MU BUZI BWA LETA IHANGIRO N° 2.1.3 : GUKOMEZA UKUGIRA URUHARA MU BIKORWA MU BUZI

Bimwe mu bikenewe kugira ngo hashobore kuba ukugira uruhara

:

2.1.3.1

izo nama o Gutunganya inama zama na ntaryo ziba haciye ibihe bitegekanijwe kandi bisanzwe bizwi (ku musi ? Uko indwi itashe ? Rimwe mu ndwi zibiri? Rimwe ku kwezi? ; o Gutegekanya kugendera abakozi bakorera mu ntara, kugira ngo bagirishwe inama, bumvirizwe; izo nama (ukugendera abakorera mu ntara za ruguru) na zo nyene zokwama zitunganywa na ntaryo haciye ikiringo gitegekanijwe kandi kizwi

2.1.3.2 Gushinga

ruzokwama ruziringaniza o

Leta bazokwama bahura bakaja inama: hoba urwego rwamaho rwotegura izo nama ; o Leta9 Leta

Leta) : iyo nama yoshingwa kandi igahabwa uburyo bwo gukora, igaca ija ku kivi.

8 Ngaha “ukugira uruhara mu bijanye n’akazi canke igisata umuntu akoramwo », ni ukudakumira abakozi mu kwiga ibibazo bijanye n’akazi, gutunganya akazi, kurimbura ivyashitsweko, ukubumviriza, maze ivyiyumviro batanze bigahabwa agaciro ata nkunzi : ni ukudakumira, ariko kandi ni n’ukutikumira. Ivyo vyose biri mu biranga « ukugira uruhara mu bijanye n’akazi umuntu akora » 9 Ngaha havuzwe “Inama Nkuru y’Akazi ka Leta” ku bijanye n’abakozi n’abakoresha bo muri Leta (mu gifaransa ari na co canditswemwo iki gitabu “Conseil National de Dialogue Social »), nkuko mu mategeko y’akazi katari ako muri Leta (« Code du Travail ») hasanzwe hariho kuva kera « Inama Nkuru y’Akazi » (« Conseil National du Travail ») itegekanijwe n’amategeko y’akazi, ihuriramwo abaserukira amashirahamwe y’abakozi n’ay’abakoresha bikorera utwabo, bahagarikiwe n’abaserukira Leta.


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2.1.4 Uburyo abanyagihugu bama bamenyeshwa ivyo vyose bibega Leta 10

UMUCE N°2 : GUKOMEZA INTWARO IBEREYE MU BUZI BWA LETA IHANGIRO N° 2.4 : GUSHINGA UBURYO LETA IZOJA IRATANGARIZA IGIHUGU KU MUGARAGARO IVYO IRIKO IRAGIKORERA, KUGIRA NGO ABANYAGIHUGU BAME BAMENYA YUKO IRIKO IKORA IBIBEREYE, MU BURYO BUBEREYE, BUZIRA AMANYANGA, BIKENEWE BAJE BARAYIKEBURA

2.1.4.1 Gusaba yuko umukozi wa Leta wese yinjijwe mu kazi abanza kurahira, nkuko binasanzwe bitegekanijwe mu mategeko agenga akazi ka Leta; 2.1.4.2 Gusaba ko umukozi wa Leta wese, ku nzego zoserwose, aja aratanga icegeranyo (iraporo) ku vyo aba yaranguye mu kazi ashinzwe ;

agakurikizwa, akubahirizwa ;

bishimishije (nkuko biba vyarashinzwe mu vyari bitegekanijwe kurangurwa, canke mbere kurushirizaho); 2.1.4.5 Gushiraho uburyo abirukira gutunganirizwa mu buzi bwa Leta b cǐ shamwo amanégu / amahinyu yabo, ivyababakiye, ivyo babona bitagenda neza canke bitagenze neza mu buryo bakiriwe canke batunganirijwe ; 2.1.4.6 Gukomeza ibisata bishinzwe gutanga amakuru mu buzi bwa Leta, kugira ngo vyame bimenyesha na ntaryo abanyagihugu ivyo ubwo buzi buriko burarangura.

2.1.5 Ingene abirukira ubuzi bwa Leta bakirwa UMUCE N°2 : GUKOMEZA INTWARO IBEREYE MU BUZI BWA LETA IHANGIRO N° 2.1.5 : GUSHIRAHO UBURYO BUTUMA ABIRUKIRA UBUZI BWA LETA BARONDERA GUTUNGANIRIZWA BOKWAKIRWA NEZA KURUSHA UKO BIMEZE UBU

2.1.5.1. Gushinga ahantu hajejwe kwakira abitura ubuzi bwa Letabarondera, no kubereka aho bitura ata kujuragirika. 2.1.5.2. Guha inyigisho abakozi bajejwe kwakira abantu

2.2 Ugushigikira intumbero (« ipolitike ») yo kwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu no kubateza imbere11

10 Ngaha, ni ingendo y’ico mu gitabu bise mu gifaransa “redevabilité” : Uburyo abanyagihugu bama bamenyeshwa ivyo vyose bibega bijanye n’ibiriko birarangurwa na Leta n’abayikorera, n’ingene biriko birarangurwa, aho bigeze, ingene uburyo buriko burakoreshwa… Ku banyagihugu, Leta ntiyoba « sindabibazwa » : itegerezwa kuja iratangaza ku mugaragaro ivyo iriko irakora, maze ikegera abanyagihugu mu buryo bunyuranye, ikumva ico bagona, bakaboneraho kuyihanura no kuja barayituma, ikaja iragorora aho bikenewe ifatiye ku vyiyumviro ironswa muri ubwo buryo.


52

Ibimaze gushikwako Leta yaratomoye uburyo ibona ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu iyo ntumbero : ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu rishingiye ku guha agaciro umwenegkandi akongera akaba ari we ajejwe kurikamisha : ibi bica ku ngendo yo gushira imbere ubutungane

orera ku mugaragaro, ituma bose

bazoshobora gushika aho baronka i ngaburo ibereye, bashikira ivya

amategeko nayo akubahirizwa koko.

(« amikoro kenewe kugira ngo iyo ntwaro yo hasi ishobore kurangura ivyo vyose biyega. Muri iyi myaka itanu irangiye, haratewe intambwe iboneka muri iyi ntumbero yo kwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu. Nta nkeka, igikuru kiboneka cakozwe, ni ishingwa rya « » yemejwe mu kwezi kwa Ntwarante muri 2009. Ibikuru bikuru bigize iyo politike ni ibi bikurikira :

(i) Gukomeza amategeko agenga ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu, (ii) Gukomeza inzego zijejwe ubutegetsi bwo hasi, (iii) , (iv) Gufasha abanyagihugu bo mu bibano vyo hasi kugira uruhara muri ivyo vyose bijanye

(v) Gusununura/gukomeza amikoro .

Haragizwe utwigoro two kwubakira amakomine inyubakwa ziri mu zikenewe cane kurusha izindi,

ramwo, izĭ ndi nazó z ri zísigaye zíri mu gusênyuka (zarabaye « imisaka ») z rasanuwe. Abahanuzwajambo bo mu makomine barahawe inyigisho, zikaba zari zigamije kwongereza no gukomeza ubumenyi bwabo kugira ngo bashobore kurushirizaho kurangura neza amabanga bashinzwe. Muri iki gihe, menshi mu makomine arafise imwe yose Umugambi wo ku Rwego rwa Komine wo G (Plans communaux de Développement Communautaire ». Vyongeye, itegeko rigenga amakomine ryarasubiwemwo, kandi naho rikirimwo agasembwa (« agasoróbo »), ryarafashije mu gutuma abakenyezi baserukirwa kurusha mu nama

Hari ibintu bitari bike ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu (ukwongereza ububasha

:

11 Mu gifaransa, ari co iki gitabu canditswemwo, bakoresha ijambo « décentralisation », Igitabu c’amategeko agenga intwaro mu Burundi kivuga yuko (« décentralisation ») gisigura « Ukugabanganya ubutegetsi ». Indondoro giha ukwo kugabanganya ubutegetsi, ico gitabu c’amategeko kivuga ko ari igihe “Intwaro iha uburenganzira inzego zo hasi kwitunganiriza ivyazo zihagarikiwe na Leta. (…) Ukugabanganya ubutegetsi biha inzego zo hasi uburenganzira bw’ukwiserukira imbere y’amategeko, hamwe n’ububasha bwo kwigaba n’ubwo kwishingira ibitunga izo nzego ». Imvugo ikoreshwa mu buzima bwa misi yose ni « ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu »


53

o Ku anya

bukenewe ; o ; o Inzego zishinzwe iyi ntumbero (iyi politike) zirahari, nazó zikaba ari Ubuyobozi bukuru bushinzwe

shinzwe kuronsa amakomine amikoro (amahera) akenewe, ari co Kigega kijejwe iterambere mu makomine (FONIC);

o băkengurutse kandi bashigikiye ipolitike (intumbero) yo kwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu ; o Uburyo abarundi bonyene bitavye kandi bijukiye ibiriko birarangubutegetsi abanyagihugu ; o Association Burundaise des Elus Locaux ».

Ibikigoranye : ahahobahoba hakeneye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa

■ Mu mategeko agenga ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu, haracibonekeza « ibihengeri »

kuri ibi bikurikira :

□ Ububasha buhabwa amakomine y hárije yó nyéne ubwâyo, ntiburadondorwa ngo butomorwe, □ Itegeko rigenga ukwegereza abanyagihugu ubuzi bwa Leta bujejwe ubuhinga bunyuranye

(« ») ntirirabaho, □ Amategeko agenga abakozi ba Leta abanyagihugu) na ryo nyene ntirirabaho gushika ubu, □ Amategeko abereye agenga iringanizwa ntarategurwa.

■ Amakomine ntarashobora kuronka abakozi bakwiye, mu gitigiri no mu bushobozi, kuko :

□

, □ , mu buryo idatuma abantu bahurumbira

bukwiye, badakunda kuja gukora mu makomine.

■ ira :

□ Abanyagihugu nta mikoro akwiye bafise, bigatuma ataho bakura/bikora ngo bafashe amakomine yabo, □

mike iheze zatumye ubworo busaba indaro mu bantu, ibi navyo bikaba vyatumye benshi basigaye ari ba ntaho nikora, □ , igice gisigara muri urwo rwego (cegukira komine) ni gito cane.

Ihangiro (intumbero nyamukuru) : AXE N° 2.2 : AMERLIORATION DE LA UMUCE N°2.2 : GUKOMEZA INTWARO IBEREYE MU BUZI BWA LETA --- UKWEGEREZA UBUTEGETSI ABANYAGIHUGU


54

IHANGIRO N° 2.2.1: : URUHARA, UWITANGA

MU GUKORBWO KUBA MU BA MBERE BAGIRA ICO BARIKUYEMWO (ABE MU BA MBERE « BARIKAMISHA » , NTAMERE

).

Ibikorwa vyihutirwa 2.2.1.1 Gukomeza amategeko agenga ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu 2.2.1.2 Gukomeza inzego zijejwe ubwo butegetsi bwegerejwe abanyagihugu 2.2.1.3 2.2.1.4 Gufasha abanyagihugu bo mu bibano vyo hasi kugira ngo babashe kugira uruhara

2.2.1.5 K 2.2.1.6 Gukomeza no gukwiza hose ukwegereza ubutegetsi abanyagihugu


55

IKIGABANE CA 3 : INTWARO IBEREYE MU BIJANYE N

ugushiraho icu vyugurukiye urudandaza, bituma rwijukirwa kandi rugenda neza, ugutunganya, ukuroranya

a bikorera utwabo.

3.1 I Ibimaze gushikwako Muri iyi myaka itanu irangiye, ivyakozwe vyashimikiye

Leta,

bijejwe kugenzura ikoreshwa Leta a ibiturire. Ngaha icovugwa, ni Itegeko rigenga Leta (ryashizweko umukono muri

nya ikoreshwa ry amahera Leta (ryashizweko umukono muri Gitugutu 2008) risubiramwo

uburyo amasoko ya Leta atangwa (inzego bicako), Itegeko rigenga ishingwa itunganywa Leta gikora ((Itegeko N°1/11 ryo

ku wa 14 Mukakaro nyene.

Leta, kuryohora no gukomeza ugukora neza kLeta bwitwa SIGEFI (mu majambo yose ni

Système Informatique Intégré de Gestion des Finances publique), gutunganya neza amahera ariho yo bwo gusohora amafaranga bugenewe kwisungwa no

w’inyabwonko (« iprograma », ari yo yitwa « logiciel » mu gifaransa) witwa SYDONIA (mu majambo yose Système Douanier Automatisé ) ryatumye ibikorwa vyo kwinjiza ibidandazwa mu gihugu bikurikiranwa neza kurusha ; ryatumye kandi

dandaza rutanga ikori. Ivyashizwe imbere kurusha ibindi vyabaye ibi bikurikira : ukuryohora ibifatirwako mu gutanga

kugira ngo na ntaryo bikorwe ku neza ya ba ntahonikora (gutanga/kurekura amafaranga uravye ko azogirira akamaro ba ntahonikora) ; ugukomeza ingingo ziza zisahiriza iyinjira

(Taxe sur la Valeur Ajoutée, « TVA gitangishwa mu bindi bihugu bigize umuryango wa EAC ku bidandazwa vyaco (Tarif Extérieur Commun, « TEC »ya Leta itatu : ugushira mu ngiro ukwama hategekanywa amafaranga azokwinjira mu kigega ca Leta Leta ; hamwe no gushinga ikonte imwe rudende icako amafaranga ya Leta yinjira n


56

n Leta

vyagiye birashirwa mu ngiro buhoro buhoro hisunzwe ngiro categekanirijwe ikiringo co kuva muri 2009 gushika muri 2011, vyagiye birakomeza cane

Leta rigenga itunganywa

ranga azoba yategekanijwe gukoreshwa buri mwaka (iri tegeko rirasigura rigatanga

umuco ku ngingo zitari nke ziri mu zigize Ibwirizwa

Leta). Vyongeye, Sentare icungera amatungo ya Leta yarashoboye gusozera igenzurwa ryari rigamije

na Leta mu myaka iri hagati ya 2007 na 2009.

Ahahobahoba hakeneye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa Naho hamaze gukorwa ivyo vyose, haracariho ingorane, cane cane izifatiye ku bikurikira:

- A - U - I nyene, - Uburyo imfashanyo zo hanze zironderwa, - U - no ku

buryo akoreshwa, - Hamwe

■ Leta Naho ariho muri iki gihe ashinga ingingo ngenderwako zemewe dufatiye ku

m ku mwaka («droit budgétaire »),

aya kera cane, vyongeye, ntanakwiye (arimwo ibihengeri), kandi ntatomoye bikwiye. Amategeko ariho , ahubwo ugasanga hakurikizwa ayo ata na hamwe arekuwe mu buryo

butomoye. Hariho mbere ingingo zitanga uruhusha rwo kubangira gukurikiza amategeko, nazo zikaba : hari impusha umurengera zitangwa

zo ariyo mahera ya duwane (ziriko zirahinduka aho hashingiwe ikigo OBR muri 2009, no ku mvo zo

ho Uburundi bwinjiriye mu muryango wa EACno gufata ingingo yuko amafaranga atangwa ku bintu bimwe bimwe.

■

wimirije Urwandiko fatiro cadrage macroeconomique ) rurího ubu ruragoye ikoreshwa, kuko ntirurimwo ibiharuro ntangarugero bikwiye.

Leta buracakeneye kuryohorwa. Ariko rero ico umuntu yomenya, ni uko kuva muri 2010 hashinzwe mu

Ikigega ca Leta igisata kijejwe gutegura no kwandika i


57

amafaranga azokoreshwa mu mwaka : ico gisata carafashije kuryohora kurusha uburyo bwo gutomora bwifashe), navyo bikaba ari vyo bishingirwako mu gutegura Itegeko Leta : vyongeye, ico gisata nyene gisigaye gishobora kwama gitegura uko ukwezi gutashe urutonde

LetaLeta mu mwaka ( ) akoreshwa.

Naho mu bushikiranganji bumwe bumwe bwose amafaranga ategekanijwe kuzokoreshwa mu mirimo

budget » )

sha iterambere akunganirizwa hamwe mu rwandiko ku bushikiranganji bumwe bumwe bwose.

plan budgétaire plan comptable) rurimwo utunenge tutari duke dukeneye gukosorwa/gutosorwa, tumwe muri two tukaba ari utu dukurikira :

code budgétaire) si amafaranga, rukaroranywa

Ubukene (CSLP).

■ Naho hari ibiriko birakorwa kugira ngo hanagurwe Itegeko rigenga amakori (Code des Impôts)

Procédures fiscales), iryo subirwamwo ni ngombwa ngo ribandanye kandi

kiriko kirabandanya gutosora. Kubera ko igihugu cinjiye mu muryango wa East African Community, ni ngombwa ko itegeko rigenga

muryango wa EAC.

wa biciye ku bakozi ba Leta babijejwe (comptables publics) no ku

ubwo buryo bwihwezwa neza, kugira ngo hamenyekane yuko bubereye, ari kirumara koko, ni ukuvuga yuko amafaranga yose Nkuru ya Republika, kandi ko ashirwa kuri iyo konte mu gihe gitegekanijwe. ■ Uburyo imfashanyo ziva hanze zitororkanywa

Naho hăbaye akarusho mu buryo imfashanyo zikurikiranwa zigatunganirizwa hamwe, nta rwandiko rurahaba rutomora ingene izo mfashanyo zokwandikwa zigashirwa mu biharuro bigize urutonde


58

AMP12 bujejewe Direction de la Trésorerie).

Vyongeye, naho Uburundi bwaronse iporogarama (« umukenyuro ») ikoresha inyabwonko yo gutunganya no gukurikirana umwenda igihugu gifitiye amakungu (SYGADE mu mpfunyapfunyo),

bigaca bituma ico kigega hari ivyo kikibuze kugira ngo kibe koko ntamakemwa. Ni co gituma ari ukwiyubara ko ico kigega kibamwo ibintu vyokwizerwa, bikwiye, hamwe usanga koko ata na kimwe kibuzemwo, kandi yuko hariho abakozi bazi neza ubuhinga bwo gukoresha iporogarama ya SYGADE ;

Ico twomenya ngaha, ni uko Ubushikirang umukenyuro ;

■ Nta gitabu kiriho kivuga uburyo bukurikizwa mu gusohora amafaranga ya Leta

ngo zerekane ko ayo mahera atanzwe biciye mu mategeko canke bíkwiye koko. Mu gikorwa co gusohora amahera atari ayo guhemba imishahara, hariho bimwe bicishwa kuri ya po

orogarama hari ivyo ibuze, ugasanga hari bimwe idashobora gufasha, hamwe

visas de contrôle »), intambwe yo kwandika ayo mahera agira asohoke (ordonnancment) hamwe no gutegura no gutanga inzandiko zirihirwako ayo mahera (titres de paiement orogarama ya SIGEFI, irakunda kuza irahagarara, icikagurika igihe iriko irakoreshwa, hamwe vyibonekeza yuko ikeneye kunonosorwa neza kurusha, kugira ngo irushirizeho gukora abakoresha iyo porogarama nyabwonko bataramenya neza gukoresha ibiri muri yo vyose (ibiyigize),

orogakiringo, ing orogarama ya SIGEFI, ni uko ata kiyihuza na OBR (igisata kijejwe

kugira ngo bishoboke gukurikiranira hafi kurusha amafaranga asohoka ava

Inzandiko, amaporoga

bikoresho

12 CNCA, ni impfunyapfunyo y’igifaransa « Comite National de Coordination des Aides (Igisata kijejwe ibijanye no gutororokanya no gutunganya imfashanyo zihabwa Uburundi). AMP nayo, ni impfunyapfunyo y’icongereza “Aid Management Platform”, iporogarama ikoreshwa mu gutunganya no gukurikirana imfashanyo


59

■

Ibikeneye kumenywa ku mak

Sentare icungera amatungo ya Leta imisi itegekanijwe (isango) yararenze, na cane cane nko kubera ko Ibanki Nkuru BRB irungika ibikeneye kumenywa kuri ayo makomte yaratevye hanyuma hakaba

gikenera. . Naho ikoreshwa rya poroga

vy , ntibikwiye kandi ntawosya bwose mu kubikoresha ngo ibirimwo birabereye gufatirwako :

orogarama

aku mahera asohoka atabanje kwandikwa mu gisata kijejwe kwandika amahera asohoka ava muri Leta (« ordonnancement ». Ibi rero biragira ingaruka mbi ku

shwa ku mwaka, uca usanga

atawovyizera ko bikwiye kandi bibereye ari ntamakemwa.

Vyongeye, amapo SIGEFI, iporogarama ya CENI ikoreshwa mu gutunganya no kuriha imishahara, iporogarama SYGADE, etc) ntahanahana amakuru, ibi bigaca bituma

di vyose bikeneye kumenywa

idashobora kuranguka.

■

a amafaranga ya Leta ntizikora neza nkuko

genzurwa usanga budashemeye, butanakwiye na gato ; iyindi ntambamyi, ni uko abakora muri ico gisata usanga batazi neza amate

wa vyinjira mu gihugu).

Bugenduzi nabwo bukora, kugira ngo hihwezwe yuko urwo rwego rwigenga koko. Naho hariho Sentare icungera amatungo ya Leta

RCCB 160-161 rwaciwe na Sentare nkuru yubahiriza Ibwirizwa Shingiro

Shin

o rirangurwa neza mu buryo butagira akanenge. Iyo ni ingorane ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku Burundi, igihe


60

oreshwa na Leta ku mwaka.

Ivyiyumviro ngenderwako

ngenderwako bikurikira : (a) Imugaragaro, (b) Birakenewe yuko ibisubirwamwo (ibinagurwa) vyose ababijejwe bovyiyumvamwo, bakumva ko ari

(c) Gukorana / gusenyera ku mugoz (d) Hagasohorwa ava kuri iyo konte imwe rudende nyene).

IHANGIRO N° 3.1 : GUKOMEZA UBURYO BWO GUTUNGANYA NO GUKURIKIRANA NEZA IKIGEGA CA LETA, KUGIRA NGO KIRUSHIRIZEHO GUTUNGANYWA NO GUKURIKIRANWA NEZA, GIKURIKIRANIRWE HAFI

Ibikorwa vyihutirwa kandi vyo Iyo ntumbero izoshoboka habanje kurangurwa ibi bikorwa bitandatu bikurikira, kandi bikaba ari navyo

o o

Leta kugira ngo bushobore gukora mu buryo buroranye kurusha, kandi ubwo bushikiranganji bubashe kurushirizaho kurangura neza ayo

.

3.1.2 Uburyo kirumara bwo kurondera no gutororokanya amaher

hanze, kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bwo kuriha amahera hubahirijwe koko ibisanzwe

tegekanijwe gukoreshwa mu mwaka o Gukomeza igikorwa co kurondera, gutororokanya , gutunganya no gukurikirana amahera atozwa/akomoka mu gihugu ; o Gukomeza igikorwa co kurondera, gutororokanya , gutunganya no gukurikirana amahera ava hanze

; o yasohoka mu kigega ca Leta;


61

3.1.3 Gutunganya no gukurikirana neza ikigega ca Leta, kandi kigakurikiranirwa hafi,

garagaro o Leta ikoresha uko umwaka utashe ; o Leta mafaranga iyo azova ; o Gushiraho uburyo kirumara bwo gutegura, gushikiriza no kwemeza amafaranga Leta ikoresha ku

rwemejwe; o Gukomeza uburyo bwo gusohora mu buryo bubereye kandi ku mugaragaro amafaranga ya Leta asanzwe ategekanijwe ; o Gushiraho uburyo bwo gutanga amasoko ya Leta mu buryo bubereye kurusha, buciye mu mahiganwa aringanijwe ku mugaragaro. 3.1.4 Uburyo kirumara bwo kugenzura ikigega ca Leta

bwemewe kandi bukurikizwa mu muryango wa EAC no mu yandi makungu o Leta ; o Gukomeza ibisata bijejwe gucungera bisanzwe bi Leta bwo nyene; o Gukomeza icu

Leta bikwiye ata kibuzemwo,

bibereye, bishobora kwizigirwa, kandi vyama bitangwa ata gisivya mu bihe bitegekanijwe o Gukomeza yasohoka, ari ayo

Leta Leta muri rusangi Leta ( statistiques des finances publiques ) o Leta

.

B Ikigega ca Leta

kurangura neza amabanga yazo. o Gukomeza uburyo iryo nagurwa ritunganywa rikongera rikarangurwa o Leta, harimwo

bwa Leta) o Gukora ibishobotse vyose kugira ngo iryo nagurwa rironke abarifata mu mugongo, mu gihugu no mu makungu o Leta ku rugero rugereranye, ariko rero kukaba ukwiyubara ko ubushikiranganji bushinzwe ibisata

u gihugu vyobandanya kuronswa abakozi bukeneye.


62

o Gukomeza igisata gishinzwe ukugendereza (« iperereza

« ukwoza » / ugusukura

n’ iterabwoba.

3.2 Ugutunganya, ukironka

: ivyo biribonekeza Leta yari yategekanije gukoresha mu mwaka wa 2011, aho ibice

hanze. Ico gitigiri cerekana gusa igihugu gihanze amaso amakungu kugira ngo kironke amikoro yo kuriha

amafaranga gikeneye yo gukoresha mu mirimo isanzwe ya misi yose, no mu kurangura imigambi yaco yo gukora ibintu bishasha (inyu .

Leta ikoresha ku mwaka,

hanze kugira ngo ubwo buryo bwose bukoreshwe mu buryo kirumara kandi butuma harangurwa ibintu komoka

kanze niryo rizotuma igihugu cigobotora buhoro buhoro ubwo « butunzi » bushingiye ku kuzera inze.

kurondera imfashanyo canke ukuringaniza amasekeza yo kuzitororokanya, ugufashanya, mu buryo usanga hakenewe uguhuza no gutunganya izo mfashanyo zose, kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu buryo buroranye kandi bushika koko ku bintu ngirakamaro ku gihugu. Iyi ntumbero

;

uzorangurwa muri iyi myaka iri imbere (CSLP II).

yo hanze, nko mu kuringaniza benshi (abantu, ubuzi,

ibisata, …) bashinzwe amabanga akomeye mu bijanye no gutunganya no gukurikirana imfashanyo,

bimwe mu gihe kimwe, canke ugasanga baracanamwo bapfa uburenganzira butagira imbibe zisanzwe zitomoye ngo bose bamenye neza umwe wese muri bo ico ashinzwe ; ivyo bishobora gutuma izo mfashanyo zikoreshwa nabi, ntihagire ikintu kiboneka zishikako. Indinganizo fatiro imwe rudende idondora uburyo bubereye Leta ibona kandi yifuza mu bijanye


63

bafise ico bajejwe muri ico gisata, yotuma, ata nkeka, .

Ibimaze gushikwako Bimwe mu bimaze gushikwako bikuru bikuru ni ibi bikurikira :

□

;

□ Hariho intumbero fatiro (« ibikoresho») zoshingikwako mu gutegura imigambi :

Umugambi MURIKIRABU CSLP II ni ifatiro ku bikorwa vyo guhuza, gutunganya no gukurikirana imfashanyo ziva hanze;

□ Hariho urwego rwa Leta rujejwe guhuza, no gukurikirana imfashanyo ;

Leta Leta

riragaragaza ishaka rya Leta

□ Haratunganijwe uburyo Leta bazokwama

Umurwi uhuza abafasha igihugu ni ihuriro rituma Leta

ikorwa nyezina birangurwa) na ( groupes sectoriels ), ihuriro rijejwe ugutegura

a ( forum stratégique ) guhanahana amakuru ( forum politique ).

□ Hariho igisata kijejwe gutunganya no gukurikirana imfashanyo (« AMP13 » gikorera

igihugu ujejwe guhuza, gutunganya

no gukurikirana imfashanyo zihabwa igihugu.

□ Hariho umurwi (ikomite) mpuzabushikiranganji yo gukurikirana no kwihweza

.

□ Hariho kandi amasezerano agenga ugufashanya yashinzwe hagati ya Leta

Hariho amasezerano yo gufashanya Leta

Leta yategekanije kuzokoresha mu

13 AMP, ni impfunyapfunyo y’icongereza “Aid Management Platform”


64

mwaka : ayo masezerano yashizweko umukono muri Rusama 2005. Atomora ingingo nkuru nkuru ngenderwako abafasha Uburundi bayashizeko umukono na Leta biyemeje gukurikira no kwubahiriza mu migambi abo bagiraneza baba bumvikanyeko na Leta.

Ahahobahoba hakenye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa

□ Harabuze ipolitike (intumbero) itomoye yerekana ingene iyo mfashanyo yokoreshwa mu

ntumbero yo gufata mu mugongo iterambere ry’igihugu Nta nkeka, inzitizi ya mbere ituma imfashanyo zitangwa zidashika koko ku vyategerezwa kurangurwa,

□ a aba yategekanijwe gukoreshwa ku mwaka rutegerezwa kwubahirizwa, ibikorwa vyose bigategerewa kurwisunga : ivyo rero ntibikurikizwa muri iki gihe.

akoreshwa ku mwaka kurusha amikoro ava mu gihugu imbere : ni na co gituma Ubushikiranjganji Leta budaheza ngo bu

aakoreshwa ku mwaka.

□ Inzego n’ibisata bishinzwe gutunganya no gukurikirana imfashanyo nta buryo buriho

butegekanijwe bwo kubihuza kugira ngo biroranye ibikorwa vyavyo, n’imfashanyo nyene ishobore

gutunganywa mu buryo buroranye.

Ugukurikirana no gutunganya imfashanyo bikorwa bícī vyinshi, kandi amabanga Leta rubitomora. Ivyo

rero bituma ushobora gusanga hari abariko bakora bimwe mu gihe kimwe, canke ugasanga baracanamwo bapfa uburenganzira butagira imbibe umwe wese aba yaratomorewe, ngo bose bamenye neza umwe wese muri bo ico ashinzwe; ivyo bishobora gutuma izo mfashanyo zikoreshwa nabi, ntihagire ikintu kiboneka zishikako. □ Hari aho usanga imfashanyo zinjiye isorosoro, mu duce duto duto Ubwo buryo imfashanyo usanga iza isorosoro ni yo nzitizi nsumbazose mu zituma itagira akamaro kaboneka. Nkako, imfashanyo usanga ziza mu duce duto duto dutagaguje indiri ataho duhuriye: ingaruka mbi yavyo, ni uko usanga amafaranga atangwa mu bikenewe vyo gutunganya no gukurikirana utwo dufashanyo tunyuranye ( frais de transaction ) kugira ngo dushobore gushika dukoreshwe ziragora bene kudutanga □

ni ukuvuga ukuzitegera neza gushika aho boziyumvamwo bakazigira rwabo Ukwo kwiyumvamwo ayo mapolitike

ntumbero nyene


65

kuyitunganya, kuyikurikirana no kuza harihwezwa ibivamwo, maze ugaca usanga iyo migambi ata kintu kiboneka kandi kirama ishitseko.

IHANGIRO N° 3.2 : GUKOMEZA UBURYO BWO GUHUZA, KURORANYA, GUTUNGANYA NO GUKURIKIRANA IMFASHANYO

Kugira ngo imfashanyo ihabwa igihugu kugira ngo citeze imbere ishike ku bintu biboneka kandi birama, nibikorwa bikurikira, kandi mu buryo bwihutirwa : o Kwihweza ibijejwe umwe wese mu bafise uruhara mu biko(kuyirondera, kuyizana, kuyikoresha harimwo ukuyitunganya, ukuyikurikirana mbere yashitseko) ; o o Gusubiramwo ukwihweza no kudondora o Gukurikirana imfashanyo zihabwa igihugu zicishijwe ku mashirahamwe yigenga (ONG) ; o Leta ku mwaka (« budget ») ; o Gushinga uburyo bwo kumenyesha abafasha igihugu bose ivyo babwirizwa gukurikiza ; o ; oimfashanyo zihabwa igihugu.


66

3.3 rwijukirwa kandi rugenda neza

ishirahamwe ryitwa Doing Business (2010) ritondeka Uburundi mu kibanza ca 181ku bihugu 183. Ikibanza citwa ko ari ciza Uburundi bwaronse mu bintu icenda Doing Business yafatiyeko, ni ica 115 ku vyerekeye uburyo vyoroshe (canke bigoye) kwandikisha ivyo umuntu canke isosiyete atunze/itunze (Raba mu bibariko biri ngaha musi).

Urugero fatiro rwa Doing Business Burundi Kenya Rwanda Tanzaniya

Ugutangura/ukwugurura ishirahamwe ( igikorwa co

kudandaza)

135 125 9 137

Ugusaba uruhusha rwo kwubaka 175 35 82 133

Ukwandikisha amatungo 115 129 41 150

Ukuronka ingurane 168 6 32 46

Ugukingira imitahe 154 93 28 132

141 162 43 62

Urudandaza rwo ku mbibe (ku mipaka) 176 144 159 148

Ikurikizwa/iyubahiirizwa ry-amasezerano (contrats) 171 125 39 113

Uguhagarika/ ukwugara ishirahamwe 183 85 183 56

Vyavuye mu rwandiko rwa Doing Business

58

98

122128

181

0

50

100

150

200

Urwanda Kenya Ubuganda Tanzaniya Uburundi


67

Ibimaze gushikwako

irangiye mu gusununura rugenda neza : ibikuru bikuru igihugu cakoze ni ibi bikurikira : o

isosiyete »), ukuronka uruhusha rwo kwubaka, ukuringaniza ibintu iyo ishirahamwe ryahomvye ( ) : ivyo vyose

go nshasha zibereye zo kworohereza urudandaza mu mwaka wa 2012 ; o jejwe i ishinzwe ibikorwa bimwe bimwe; o ( cadre de dialogue ) Leta igisata

abarwizatunga ») mpande zibiri;

o (birongowe n’Umunyamab

o kijejwe kworohereza abanyamitahe (API) ; o Ikigo kijejwe ubudandaji n'amahinguriro mu kijejwe umuce umwe (igisata kimwe) chambres sectorielles (« chambres transversales ») ; o akurikira : amategeko

amakori (« zone franche ») mu Burundi, amategeko agenga ubudandaza, itegeko rigenga ibijanye masezerano yo kuzamura amashirahamwe, ;

okurusha uko vyahora.

Ahahobahoba hakenye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa Naho igihugu cagize izo ntambwe

: □ ; □

; □ Ingorane zituma

Leta abarwizatunga ») ridakora koko ngo ritangure kurangura amabanga yaryo ; □ Bivuye ku kubura uburyo, hariho ingorane zituma Ikigo kijejwe kworohereza abanyamitahe (API) kidashobora kurangura koko amabanga gishinzwe.


68

ABANYAMITAHE

Ibikorwa vyihutirwa kandi vyoza imbere

Ugukomeza gusaba yuko haba inagurwa muri ibi bikurikira :

(b) ugutanga uruhusha rwo kwubaka (gutangura kwubaka), (c) ukwandikisha amatungo ava ku muntu akegukira uwundi muntu yayaguze canke yayahawe

(d) ukuronka ingurane, (e) ugukingira imitahe,

(g) urudandaza rwo ku mbibe, (h) ishigwa mu contrats »), (i) uguhagarika/ ukwugara ishirahamwe. 3.3.1 Gukomeza uburyo bwo guhuza no kuroranya ivyiyumviro

Nkuko bivurwa, « ubukara bwinshi ntibwimba » : kugira rero ngo ntidusange hari ubuzi bwinshi buriko bukora ibintu bimwe mu gihe kimwe, uburyo bwo guhuza no kuroranya ibikorwa buzokomezwa.

( groupe sectoriel ) usānzwe wemewe ko ari ryo shimikiro ryo guhuza ibikorwa: uzotangura gukora kugira ngo ufashe Leta gutegura intumbero itomoye kandi imwe rudende

kunagurwa, Leta yishinze kubandanya ibikorwa yatanguye vyo gukomeza ibikuru bikuru vyugurukiye urudandaza bishingiyeko bisanzwe biriko biranagurwa ; vyongeye, yishinze ko, igihe gitegekanijwe ni cashika, hazokwihwezwa intambwe ivyo bikorwa bigezeko.

3.3.3 Kworosha ukuronka ingurane

Kugira ngo birushirizeho kworoha kuronka ingurane, hazokorwa ibi bikurikira : o Gukoresha uburyo bwa none (gukoresha inyabwonko) mu kwandika, gushingura no gukoresha

; o Kurwiza ibimenyeshwa mu vyegeranyo (amaraporo) vyerekeye ingurane, kandi hakazoshirwa muri ivyo vyegeranyo ngurane imwe imwe yose ; o Gushinga igitabu (urutonde) canditsemwo ingwati zose zitari inyubakwa (ingwati zishobora

o rutonde rugashobora kuba rumwe


69

intonde nyinshi zerekana izo ngwati zose akarere ku karere, maze akarere kose kakagira urutonde kisangije rukunganirijemwe ingwati zose zikarangwamwo; o

uburyo bwagutse bwo kwumvikana no gushinga amasezerano ku ; o Kwemeza ata nzitizi ko, bibaye ngombwa, icatanzweko ingwati ubwa mbere gishobora gusubirirwa

; orishobora kugirwa bitiriwe biraca mu masentare ; o Igihe ishirahamwe rihomvye bikaba ngombwa kuryugara, kwemerera abaheraniwe bisanzwe bitegekanijwe ko barihwa imbere y abandi uburenganzira bwisanzuye bwuko koko ari bo babwirizwa guhererwako kurihwa, biba vyaciye imb ,

ishirahamwe rikugara kubera uguhomba ;

3.3.4 Gush : o

; o Guha ranye kugira ngo ashobore

abashe kuyakurikiza no kuriha ku gihe no mu buryo .

3.3.5 Kworosha urudandaza rwo ku mbibe kugira ngo rube mu mwisanzuro uzira inzitizi izo

ari zo zose

genzura. Hokoreshwa uburyo bukurikira: o ibidandazwa; o Gushira mu ngiro uburyo bwo kugenzura budatuma ibidandazwa vyononekara; o Kuronsa icuma « mbonavyose » citwa skanere (« scanner .

3.4 Ukwinjiza Uburundi muri aka karere,

Ibimaze gushikwako Uburundi buri mu mashirahamwe menshi yo muri kano karere, agizwe nagizwe . Uburundi buri mu M

), ishirahamwe ryo guteza imbere ibihugu vya Afrika yo hagati, ishira (CEPGL),


70

vyo muri Afrika yo mu buseruko (EAC), ahamwe bihuriye ku ruzi rwa Nil (Initiative du Bassin du Nil, IBN).

ririgeza, hari intambwe nini cane yagizwe mu kwinjiza koko igihugu (mu buryo butsimbataye) ruko.

ibi

bikurikira mu bindi bihugu bigize umuryango wa EAC ku bidandazwa vyaco

Taxe sur la Valeur Ajoutée, « TVA ») mu ntumbero yo gushira mu ngiro Amasezerano agenga Ubwiyunge ( ). Ni naco gituma h

vyo mu gihugu

Umurwi (ikomite) mpuzabushikiranganji uAfrika y bu warashinzwe kugira ngo urongore ibikorwa vyose bijanye n shinga imizi

mu vya politike.

umuryango wa EAC mu banyagihugu i muri uyo muryango.

Ahahobahoba hakeneye kwunganirwa/gutosorwa Intambamyi nkuru ku gushinga imizi usanga buri mu mashirahamwe menshi mu gihe kimwe. Bizoba ngombwa ko Uburundi buhitamwo neza,

Amashirahamwe yo gushira imbere yoba aya EAC, COMESA, na CEPGL. Intambamyi Uburundi buzotegerezwa gutorera umuti kugira ngo bushobore kwnjira no gushinga imizi

: o ; o Aho bugejeje mu g kiharacahobahoba ; o (infrastructures de base) ntibikwiye ; o Ubuzi bwa Leta ntibukora mu buryo bubereye ; o Igisata ; o Abakozi bakenerwa mu mirimo inyu ; o Inzitizi zifatiye ku ndimi ; o bashima kwigira gukora hanze

; o kire kire ;


71

oanyuranye, kubera ukudakora neza biranga ubuzi bumwe bumwe mu gihugu, hamwe ibintu, bívuye ku kuvyinuba no guteba gufata ingingo zikenewe ; o Amafaranga atangwa ku mwaka akeneryose Uburundi burimwo, usanga ari umurengera, asiga imvune ; o amahera no ku

burimwo.

Ibikuru bikuru vyifuzwa gushikwako mu kir

IHANGIRO N° 3.4 : KUNAGURA IBINTU BITARI BIKE KUGIRA NGO IGIHUGU KIBASHE KWINJIRA KOKO NO GUSHINGA IMIZI MU MASHIRAHAMWE YO GUTEZA IMBERE UBUTUNZI YO MU KARERE

Intumbero sha Uburundi kwinjira koko no gutêra búsh nga imizi mu mashirahamwe mpuzabihugu yo mu karere, na cane cane EAC, COMESA, CEPGL, CEEAC, e rukomere,

Isezerano ryo gufashanya (APE14) muri aka karere.

Kugira ngo iryo hangiro (intumbero nyamukuru) rishobore kuranguka, hazokenerwa ko ibikorwa vyihutirwa bikurikira bishirwa mu ngiro : 3.4.1

EAC, COMESA, CEPGL na CEEAC kugira ngo gishobore

kurimbura akarusho gikura muri iryo yinjira muri nya mashirahamwe, kibashe no gufata ingingo ku vyo gishobora gukoresha ngaha iwacu mu vyo casumye mu karere; 3.4.2

/bugahagararira koko inyungu zabwo; 3.4.3 Gufata mu mugongo abategetsi bajejwe mashirahamwe mpuzabihugu yo muri aka karere mu bijanye no kuroranya, gutunganya no gukurikirana

hakenewe ibikorwa bikurikira : o Ugusuzuma n kurimbura itunganywa ( audit organisationnel )

mu muryango Umurwi mpuzabushikiranganji ujejwe iyinjira

mashirahamwe yo mu karere;

14 APE, ni « » : ni impfunyapfunyo y’igifaransa « Accords de Partenariat

Economique »


72

o uruhara (bufise ivyo (Ubushikiranganji bw'Uburundi bujejwe iyinjira mumuryango w'ibihugu vy'Afirika y'Ubuseruko ,

etc.) o mu vyerekeye ukuroranya amategeko

; o

; obabifisemwo uruhara baja baritaba amanama, ibiganiro,

hamwe ahuza ibihugu bikagize (EAC, COMESA, CEPGL, CEAC, APE, etc.) ; o Inyigisho muri ibi bikurikira : ugutegura imikebukano ingingo) ; ubumenyi bukenewe mu budandaji mpuzamakungu ; ; o Ugutanga uburyo (amahera) bwo gufata mu mugongo ibikorwa vyo gutegura no gutanga amakuru

mashirahamwe yo mu karere, maze ayo makuru abo bose babifisemwo uruhara (abakora mu buzi bwa Leta, amashirahamwe yigengabikorera utwabo). 3.4.4 U Igisata

bikurikra vyokorwa mu buryo bwihutirwa : o Kubandanya gukomeza ubum mu bijanye no gushinga no gutunganya

bikorwa bizana amahera ku badandaza bo mu bitsina vyose

(abarwizatunga b’abagabo n’abagore), o utwabo ubumenyi

unganya neza ayo mashirahamwe ; o binyuranye vyorosha uburwizatunga bigakwega abanyamitahe.


73

IKIGABANE CA 4 : INTWARO IBEREYE MU BISATA BINYURANYE

Ibimaze gushikwako

■Hariho inzandiko zitari nke zitomora ivyo igihugu cifuza gushikako muri iyi myaka iri

hariho inzandiko zitomora ivyo igihugu cifuza gushikako mu myaka iri imbere, : Umugambi Murikiraburundi 2025 (Vision Burundi 2025), umugambi

wa Leta vyo izorangura mu ikiringo ca 2011-2015, Umugambi wa mbere wo kurwanya ubukene CSLP1, hanyuma mu misi mikeyi iri imbere naho Umugambi ugira kabiri wo kurwanya ubukene (CSLP 2)Ibisata bitari bike navyo nyene birafise kimwe cose I

buzokenerw


ko usanga ibikorwa vyo muri ivyo bisata vyose vyategekanirijwe ku gihe kigufi cane (ata kuraba ibihe biri imbere canke imyaka

ishinga ibizorangurwa mu myaka iri imbere, nazo ni co gituma rimwe na rimwe ibikorwa vyiyumviriwe usanga bitaroranye namba. Vyongeye

mbi botegerejwe kubigiramwo uruhara.

mu kiringo co gushira mu ngiro ayo mapolitike, hariho utunenge dukomeye mu gukurikirana ibikorwa no kurimbura ico biba vyashitseko.

UMUCE N° 4 : INTWARO IBEREYE MU BISATA BINYURANYE IHANGIRO N° 4.1 : GAMBI BIZORANGURWA MU MYAKA IRI IMBERE MU GISATA KIMWE KIMWE COSE

e gutegurwa neza mu buryo usanga biroranye kandi bikagira ico bishikako gishemeye, ni ngombwa ngo hakorwe ibi bikurikira : o Gufata mu mugongo igisata kimwe kimwe cose kironke intumbero (« ipolitike kizorangura mu myaka iri imbere, maze iyo politke ikaba ari yo ibikorwa vyose vyisunga, kandi abo iraba

; o ;


74

o gukurikirana ibikorwa no kuja birarimbura ico ivyo bikorwa vyashitseko. D

Abantu baserukira ibisata binyuranye bariko baraja inama mu murwi.


75

Igice ca 2:

UKURYA IBITURIRE


76

MBEGA IVYO KURYA IGITURIRE VYIFASHE GUTE MURI IKI GIHE?

kandi bikorwa, urugero ; iki

gice kandi kiigiturire.

Uburyo ibiturire biribwa

sa canke ngo bina igihugu kigasubira kuramutswa inzego zemewe ziciye mu mategeko. Hariho ibiharuro bivyerekana bihagije. Naho twofatira gusa ku nzandiko zine zikurikira: Ivyegeranyo (« amaraporo birimwo ibiranga urugero intwaro ibereye igezeko mu

(TI) ku vyerekana uko abantu bumva kandi babona ukurya ibiturire, ibiharuro vyatanzwe na Moi Ibrahim ku ntwaro ibereye

, ukurya ibiturire mu Burundi vyagumye vyunyuka muri iyi myaka itanu irangiye, ariko si ivyo gusa

ibariko biri ngaha hepfo). Mu mwaka wa 2009, 70 ku bihugu 181 mu rutonde ishirahamwe TI

ibiharuro vyateguwe na Moi Ibraham mu mwaka wa 2010 ku ntwaro ibereye muri Afrika bishira Uburundi mu kibanza ca 33 kuri 53, bukaba bwahawe muri ivyo biharuro amanota 45% ku bijanye

bamenyeshwa ibiukurya ibiturire.

« CERTI » muri Munyonyo 2007 gishira ukurya ibiturire mu kibanza

bisagara ; ahatari mu bisagara naho, ukurya ibiturire biza mu kibanza ca gatanu mu ngorane ziraje ishinga abantu.


77

Urutonde rwashikirijwe na TI Burundi

: Urugero rwateguwe na Moi Ibrahim muri

2009

Urutonde rwagizwe na TI_2009

(Ibihugu vya EAC)

33 34

48 48

57

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Kenya Uburundi Tanzaniya Ubuganda Urwanda

66

116127

154

170

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Urwanda Tanzaniya Ubuganda Kenya Uburundi


78

Ugucungera n-ukugwanya ukurya ibiturire (2009)

66yo 116

hafatiwe (0-100) Aho ibi biharuro vyavuye: Kaufman D., A. Kraay and M. Mastruzzi (2010): The Worldwide Governance Indicators : Methodology and Analytical Issues ( i

)

Ukurya ibiturire ubisanga mu buzi bwose bwa Leta, kandi abanyagihugu biracabagora cane Leta no kuronswayo ivya nkenerwa baronderayo, rimwe na rimwe

ugasanga batunganirizwa kuko babanje gutanga igiturire.

, hari ubuzi karangwamwo kurusha ubundi. Dufatiye ku biri mu cirwa cagizwe ku

kenshi cane kurusha ahandi ni mu gipolisi bahaye igiturire abakozi bo mu gipolisi barwizatunga bikorera utwabo, 54% mu bakozi ba Leta na 29% mu banyagihugu basanzwe. Ahandi havugwa yuko hatangishwa kenshi ibiturire, ni mu bakozi bo mu buzi

Ibiturire biraribwa no mu buzi bwo mu : nkako, hariho abavyeyi bamwe bamwe bavuga ko hari abigisha baha amanota ababapfumbatishije, canke abana babemereye ko

. Ku vyerekeye igisata kijejwe gutanga amasoko ya Leta

y’abigenga (adaharanira ivyicaro vya politike) ni ayavuze yuko ugutanga amasoko muri ico gisata bishimikiye ku giturire no ku manyanga, aho abayarondera usanga bapfumbatisha ababishinzwe, canke bagaca bicira ku bashikiranganji bo nyene.

0 25 50 75 100

Uburundi

Kenya

Ubuganda

Tanzaniya

Urwanda


79

56%)

bavuze yuko batswe igi

25.715 Leta nabo 159.641. Muri uwo

mafaranga 701.213, amashirahamwe yigenga (ONG) nayo 458.080. Ibice 90% Leta yigenga (ONG), hamwe

ibiturire.

Mbega ni ibiki bituma haba ako karanda ko kurya ibiturire ?

ikurikira : o Uguhahamukira inyungu (amahera) mu buryo burenze urugero, mbere bumeze ; o ; o Intwaro itabereye; o Ishaka rya politike riherera mu majambo ntiryigere rishirwa mu bikorwa namba ; o Ukudahana (ivyaha); o Ugusuka politike mu kazi ka Leta no mu butungane; o Leta kutabereye, kudahumuriza ; o Ugukwega amaguru birenze urugero mu buryo ubuzi bunyuranye bwa Leta ubutungane butunganiriza abanyagihugu babwituye ; o I Leta ubutungane zikora mu buryo butuma abantu bajuragirika bakabura iyo

kandi bufata igihe kirerire cane; o Uburyo inzego za Leta

; o ku bandi); o Ukubona ubuzi bwa Leta butarashikira akazi rishingiye ku buryo bwa

; o Harabuze ugukorera ku mugaragaro mu buzi bwa Leta ; o , etc.

Ukurya ibiturire bikunda kwibonekeza mu buzi bwa Leta

■ Mu butungane

giye

no mu kubahindurira ibibanza bakoreramwo (« mutations »). .


80

■Mu gipolisi Ukurya ibiturire vyibonekeza cana cane ku mabarabara, mu gutohoza ku vyaha, mu gutanga inzandiko

Leta.

■

yene ararangwamwo ukurya ibiturire: uguhemba abantu

akazi, mu guhindurira abantu aho bakorera canke kubemerera kuva mu gisata kimwe baja mu kindi

c’ubwo bushikiranganji nyene) mu gutanga imfashanyo

bourses ) ku banyeshule bo ku rwego rwa kaminuza, etc.

■

mato mato canke mu bitalo vya Leta : ukunyuruza imiti, mu gukurikirana abarwayi, mu gutanga inzandiko zikenewe, no mu gukoresha (canke mbere gutanga)

■ Leta

amasoko no mu kuriha amafagitire amasoko. Ibiturire biranibonekeza no mu buryo bukurikira:

- guk ra (kugabanya) amakori atangishwa mu guharura ayarihwa ku mwaka, -

ziriho, - ugufata ivyotanzweko ikori bakabiha igiciro gito cane, - ukugabanya uko ibidandazwa bitangwako ikori / amatagisi bingana, gurtyo hakaba

ibitatangwako ikori, - se rero kugira

ngo amafaranga atangwa yo kwinjira mu kigega ca Leta agabanuke, nyene kworohereza uwategerezwa gutaga ikori nawe agaca aronka ingero mu buryo bwo gupfumbatishwa.

■Mu bindi bisata

Vyibonekeza mu kurya ibiturire, no gutangisha amafaranga atari yo canke biciye mu manyanga, etc.


81

Ingaruka mbi zikomoka ku kurya ibiturire Si ibintu vyorosh

:

: o Ukurya ibiturire biratuma abotanze amakori, amatagibatanayatanga nambamakungu gukorwanabi; o Igitutire gituma abanyamitahe bo hanze badatumbera igihugu, abari mu gihugu nabo imitahe yabo bagashima kuyijana ahandi hatari mu Burundi ; o Gituma

(amwe bita “frais administratifs”mu gifaransa) yongerekana cane kubera urugero rukabije tazwi, atinjira mu kigega ca Leta.

o Gituma haba urwangara, ata kurondera akazi gakoze neza ( gasukuye ) kukivurwa, kubera abagakora ;

o Gituma havuka, hatsimbatara kanbahuriyeko: kandi iyo mirwi usanga ihema yiziziye ibisata vyozaniye amikoro igihugu, ariko rero ugasanga nta kiboneka cubaka ishikako mu kazi irangura. Ah ubwo ica izitira ihiganwa ryisanzuye rya benshi ; o Biciye mu manyanga, usanga gituma imitahe ijanwa maze ibiguzwe canke bihinguwe muri ubwo buryo ugasanga ni ibintu bitagira agaciro canke bifise

; o Giha intege amanyanga, maze amahera aga , ata co bakoze mu kuzana no kwinjiza ibidandazwa mu gihugu ; o Kiraca intege abanyamitahe bo hanze, maze ugasanga atabagitumbera igihugu ngo bazane iyo mitahe yabo.

bano o

; o Kiragabanya kigatitura ukugendera ubuntu ra ibikironderera ineza ; o Gituma ba ntege nke na ba ntahonikora barushirizaho kuba mu marushwa.

o Igiturire ni inzitizi ikomeye ituma urwego nshingamategeko (Inama Nshingamateka na Nkenguzamateka) rudashobora kurangura amabanga yarwo yo gucungera no kugenzura imirimo ya Leta, kikongera kigatuma inzego zama na ntaryo zihungabana ; o Gituma haba utudumbidumbi (clientélisme (« amasabo »), abandi basigaye ukabareka, kuko gituma hashirwa imbere ukugura amajwi, ari mu buryo bwo gutanga

abantu kuzobasabisha, arivyo bimwe vya mpinga yanje/mwana wa mama/ « umwana i Mwaro »)15;

15 Aya majambo ni yo igitabu co mu gifaransa gikoresha, mu kirundi nyene, mu gusigura amajambo « favoritisme » na « systemes de faveurs » (Ku rupapuro rwa 69).


82

o Kirartyoza kikatitura imigambwe, mu kibanza cayo kigashira imbere imirwi ishimikiye kuri ya ngendo yo « gukoka » abanyagihugu ukoresha imvugo yo kubaryosharyosha no kubahenda (« mouvements populistes »); o Kiri mu vya mbere bituma hahonyorwa agateka ka zina muntu, bikanatuma ukudahana ivyaha kuguma kwiyongera ; o Kiradabanganya ingendo ifatiye ku ntwaro rusangi, maze nko mu buryo bwo gushiraho ubutegetsi ugasanga bwegukiye abatari babikwiye biciye mu manyanga, abakunda igihugu, bashaka kugikorera kandi babishoboye bakaba ari bo bataha zayoye ; o .

d. Mu buzi bwa Leta o Igiturire kiragabanya ugukora neza mu bu buzi bwa Leta, Leta yose itarangura amabanga yayo mu buryo bushemeye, ugasanga itarota ishika ku vyo igihugu kiyizeyeko kandi gifitiye uburenganzira ; o Kiracuvya kikanabuza ishirwa mu nziza za Leta

e turi mu gihugu ; o Gituma ukwitura ubuzi bwa Leta ku banyagihugu babikeneye bisaba amafaranga menshi, gurtyo ugasanga ba ntahonikora batigera batunganirizwa, kubera ukubura ubwo buryo; o Leta, ibintu bikabuzwa canke bikaburagizwa kuri bamwe ata mvo zifashe, kandi binarekuwe ku bandi, ibi navyo ugasanga bituma ibidandazwa bija birakena canke bicishamwo bikabura rwose, abironderera inyungu

.

: ibimaze

gushikwako hagihobahoba Hariho ibitari bike bimaze kurangurwa bikozwe na Leta

ibihugu (bimwe vyo gufashanya hagati y’igihugu n’ikindi gihugu) amashirahamwe ahurikiyemwo ibihugu vyinshi.

; ikindi ivyo ako

karanda mu buryo bushemeye.

yashinze ko ugukomeza intwaro ibereye ngendo yuko abategetsi ku nzego zose bokwama bamenyesha abanyagihugu, ku mugaragaro, ivyo baranguye, ingene babiranguye, icavuyemwo, ibiriko birakorwa, imirije kurangurwa, ivyo rero akaba yatangaje ko ari

Leta mu kiringo ca 2011-2015 : yarongeye kandi atangaza umugambi wo kurwanya n'ukutihanganira namba abarya igiturire.

Leta

Ibi nivyo vyatumye Uburundi bwemerera amakungu yuko haba icirwa co kwihweza intambwe bumaze

Ico cirwa caranguwe ku magenekerezo ya 11 --- 15 Ndamukiza 2011, kirangurwa hinzwe

(ONUDC). .


83

Ibwirizwa Shingiro ry rirashinga « » (Ingingo ya 18) ; rirashinga kandi ko «

mu kumenagura canke mu gusambura, mu kurya ibiturire, mu kunyuruza, mu gusesagura, canke », ahanwa hakurikijwe

amategeko (Ingingo za 69 na 141). Mu mwaka wa 2006, Leta yaremeje itegeko rishinga ingingo zo ikindi yakoze, ni uko yashize mu Gitabu

mategeko (Ibwirizwa N°1/05 du 22/04/2009 ).

Leta yarashinze ibisata ata kindi bijejwe atari ugukinga no guhasha ukurya ibiturire : hari Sentare icungera amatungo ya Leta yashinzwe muri 2003, Ubugenduzi bukuru bwa Leta , igipolisi kijejwe kugwanya igiturire, hamwe na Sentare ijejwe kurwanya ibiturire, ivyo vyose na vyo bikaba vyashinzwe muri 2007. Muri iki kiringo, ivyo bisata vyose birakora ukuri kwamye. Vyongeye, har Ubushikiranganji bwo

« Mugambi ujejwe gufata mu mugongo ibikorwa vyo gukomeza inzego zishinzwe kurwanya ibiturire », uwo mugambi ukaba waranafashije no mu gukomeza ubuhinga

abakozi bo muri izo nzego, ukaba warana.

Ibimaze gushikwako Uburundi burafise ivya nkenerwa bishobora gutuma butsinda urugamba rwo kurwanya ukurya ibiturire.

: o Ishaka Leta ifise ryo kurwanya ibiturire o Ibwirizwa Shingiro rirabuza rikihanikiriza ukurya ibiturire o Hariho o zikurikira : Ubugenduzi bukuru bwa Leta , igipolisi kijejwe kugwanya igiturire, Sentare ijejwe kurwanya ibiturire, hamwe na Sentare icungera amatungo ya Leta. o Benshi mu banyagihugu, ni abanka bakiyamiriza bashimitse ukurya ibiturire o ibimenyeshamakuru vyigenga, ivyo bisata uko ari bibiri vyarahagurukiye ukugwanya ibiturire o Usanga amakungu yiteguriye gufasha Uburundi muri urwo rugamba.


:

a. Amategeko ariho ntatuma hari kinini gishikwako

Amategeko agenga ugukinga no guhasha ibiturire vyaragaraye yuko abuzemwo vynshi cane kugira ngo abe kirumara, kikaba ari na co giuma akwiye gutosorwa

vyaha bijanye na vyo, ntibukwiye


84

Naho nyinshi muri , vyarafashije guko vyatumye ugukorera ku

; zaratumye abantu bagira ico batinye, bikaba bituma ukurya ibiturire bibonwa ko ari bibi kandi bihanwa, naho hari abavuga ko izo

guhobahoba kuva kuri ibi bikurikira □ ; □

( audit □ Izo nzego : ni naco gituma ata

bukwiye biraronka, etc.

c.

o ; o Ubucamanza ntibufise ububasha burahobahoba) ; o Abakozi ba Leta ; o Amategeko ariho ntabereye, ntatuma harangurwa ibintu biboneka ; o Ukudahana ivyaha ; o Mu buzi bwa Leta

( éthique ) kandi bisabwa umukozi wa Leta wese ; o Mu buzi bwa Leta, ubutegetsi (abajejwe gufata ingingo) usanga buri ahantu hamwe honyene habwiziziye, maze bigatuma abanyagihugu bategerezwa gufata ingendo ndende, rimwe na rimwe kenshi, iyo bafise ingorane, bakenye gutunganirizwa; o Harabuze inzego zo gucungera no kugenzura ibikorwa, aho ziri naho ziragoyagoya ; o Uburyo bakora bikwega cane mu buzi bwa Leta ; o gutanga agashimwe » (« culture de dons ») no kuri « mwana wa mama / umwana i Mwaro / « mpinga yanje16 » (favoritisme) ; o ; o Harabuze intumbero (« ipolitike

ihabwa imfashanyo mu bijanye n’amahera); o Abanyagihugu usanga ata nyigisho zo gukundisha igihugu ( éducation cuvique ) zikwiye baronse, hanyuma muri rusangi, ugasanga muri bo hakiri agahaze mu bijanye no gukunda igihugu cabo canke

( sens civique ), etc.

16 Iki gitabu canditswe mu gifaransa, ariko bene kucandika bakoresheje aya majambo mu Kirundi nkuku nyene.


85

IBIKURUBIKURU UMUGAMBI WOKWUBAKIRAKO (IBICE

GISHOBORE KURWANYWA MU BURYO BUBEREYE

hakoreshejwe intumbero ifatiye ku

uguhana i

UMUCE N° 4 : UKURWANYA IBITURIRE IHANGIRO N° 5.1 : GUHAGARIKA AKARANDA KO KURYA IBITURIRE

Uyu muce ushingiye ku bikorwa :

Kugira ngo bishoboke, ni ngombwa ngo harangurwe ibikorwa bikurikira : o

; ogushira mu ngiro amategeko ariho muri iki gihe agenga ugukinga no guhasha ukurya igiturire ; o Kuraba no kwiyumvira ayandi mategeko akenewe kugira ngo igikorwa co gukinga no guhasha ukurya ibiturire gishobore kurangurwa mu buryo bubereye.

5.1.2 Ugukomeza ubushobozi bwo gukora ibiturire Kugira ngo bishoboke, ni ngombwa ko hakorwa ibi bikurikira : o Leta, Ubugenduzi Bukuru bwa Leta polisi kijejwe kugwanya igiturire

: ico amabanga bishinzwe (ngaha ico umuntu yomenya, ni uko hari icigwa gitegekanijwe kurangurwa muri uyu mwaka ku nzego zose zi yavyo zishinzwe gucungera no kugenzura ingene nya bisata bikora ngaha mu gihugu) ;


86

okurushirizaho gukorana neza (« gusenyera ku mugozi umwe zuzanya ; o .

ategeko (ni ukuvuga biciye mu manyanga) o Gushinga uburyo kirumara bwo gukurikirana amadosiye vyaha bijanye n ; o Gushinga uburyo bwo guhagarika, gufata ivy

; o

kiranwa

Leta Mu gikorwa co gukinga ta kindi kigwanisho na kimwe kiza kiruta ugukorera ku mugaragaro.

■ Ugukorera ku mugaragaro mu gutanga amasoko ya Leta

Leta, ni ngombwa ngo harangurwe ibikorwa bikurikira : □

butegekanijwe bwo kubishikira, ivyo na vyo bikaba vyoca mu nzira zikurikira :

o Gutegekanya no guha abanyagihugu amakuru akwiye ku mihora ya Leta ikoresha bwa buryo bwa none ;

o amasoko yose azotangwa (azohiganirwa) mu mwaka wose ; o Kumenyekanisha amasoko ya Leta yimirije gutangwa ; o Kumenyekanisha mu banyagihugu, kandi mu buryo butomoye, ingene bizogenda mu guhiganirwa no gutanga amasoko; o Mu bajejwe amasoko ya Leta, k bwo gufata ingingo uko

babishatse atawe bagishije inama (« pouvoirs discrétionnaires ») busa basigaye biziziye. □ bwa Leta

bigurwa bitagira akanenge, gufata ingingo biciye mu kuja inama ataho guhengamiye, no gutanga amasoko nyezina muri vya bisata bijejwe gutanga amasoko ya Leta.

□ Gushinga amabwirizwa ategeka umukozi wese wo mu buzi bwa Leta ari mu bashinzwe amasoko ya Leta n , kumenyesha hakiri kare aho

yohava asanga afisemwo inyungu zotuma agira aho ahengamiye (“conflit d’intérêt”).


87

□ vyaragoranye, ibiriko birakorwa, ingene biriko birakorwa, igitegekanijwe kuzoshikwako, ibizokorwa,

17. □ Leta ibidandazwa

(« biens et services »), ni ukuvuga abo Leta iha amasoko, bategerezwa gukurikiza ata gisivya, ni ukuvuga ata gutezurirwa. □ Leta bakora mu buzi no mu bisata binyuranye.

■ Ugukorera ku mugaragaro mu kurondera, guha akazi, gutunganya no gukurikirana abakozi

bajejwe amasoko ya Leta. Kugira ngo akaranda ko kurya ibiturire gashobore guturura no kugenda kagabanuka, ni ngombwa ko habanza gukomezwa ubushobozi bwo gutunganya no gukurikirana abakozi ba Leta ; bisaba kandi gukomeza Leta vyose rero kugira ngo bishoboke, bisaba ko harangurwa ibikorwa bikurikira : o Kubanza kugira amatohoza ahagije ku bantu bose nga yo hejuru, gurtyo hakabanza kumenyekana ivyo bize, urugero bagejejeko mu mashule yabo, aho bamaze

; o Kubanza gutomora neza ibijanye uzi ku bazozezwa amabanga yo hejuru ; ikindi cotomorwa, ni ibiranga akazi baciyemwo kugira ngo hazokwihwezwe yuko vyabahaye

; o e mu kazi ; o

Leta ; o Gushinga uburyo abakozi ba Leta ma bemanga bagatangaza ivyo bakora

; o Gushinga ibihano bitegekaniba Leta : ibi bihano rero vyotuma ayo mategeko yubahirizwa, maze mu buzi bwa Leta .

5.1.5

zatunga bikorera utwabo mu kugwanya ukurya ibiturire o

. o

ibiturire.

17 Iki, ni iciyumviro kijanye n’ivyo bita “reddition des comptes” mu gifaransa, canke “accountability” mu congereza. Kiranafitaniye insano n’ugukorera ku mugaragaro: vyose bizirana no gukorera mu rufuri canke kuba “nkora ivyo nshaka”, “nkora ukwo nshaka”: umwe wese ategerezwa kubazwa no kwemanga ivyo akora mu kurangura amabanga yashinzwe.


88

o bikorera utwabo mu ntumbero yo gutuza ibiturire muri ico gisata. o

mu kurwanya ibiturire.

Leta bo ku

nzego

ngingo ngenderwako ku ntwaro ibereye

kigeze muri kino gihe, kandi bikagenerwa cane cane urwaruka. Kugira ngo ivyo vyose bishoboke, bizoba ngombwa kurangura ibi bikurikira : o Guha uruhara ibimenyeshamakuru mu kumenyekanisha no wo Gukomeza Intwaro Ibereye no Kurwanya Ibiturire; o

; o ashira imbere agahaya

kandi a ;

obuzima bwabo, hamwe no kubereka ibikorwa vyiza bimaze kurangurwa mu kurwanya ibiturire ; o Kumenyesha neza abanyagihugu ingene bigenda mu gusaba no kuronswa inzandiko bakenera mu buzi bwa Leta ; ivyo abanyagihugu bokwongera bakabimenyeshwa no ku buryo batunganirizwa mu bisata vya Leta bijejwe indero i yose, gurtyo

; o Guhimiriza no guha intege abanyagihugu kugira ngo bashengeze abategetsi barya ibiturire ; o Kwama hatunganywa ibiganiro no guhanahana ivyiyumvirkurwanya ibiturire, hamwe no gufata mu mugongo ishingwa r clubs anti-corruption ) ; o Leta ryokwama riringanizwa ukwo umwaka utashe kugira ngo bihweze intambwe imaze gushikwako

a birushirizaho gukomezwa; o Guhindura uyu mugambi mu kirundi, hamwe no gukwiza no kumenyekanisha hose amategeko agenga ukurwanya ibiturire, etc.

gufasha kugira ngo uyu mugambi ushobore kurangurwa neza no gushika ku ntumbero zitegekanijwe.

5.1.7 Ubushakashatsi ku kurya ibiturire o

;


89

o Kugira ubushakashatsi ku biranga ingendo nziza bikwiye guhaywa, gushirwa imbere no gukomezwa, hamwe n kunebagura, gucuvya no kwerekana ko zikwiye

; o Kuja harihwezwa uko haciye igihe ingene ingingo zafashwe zisunze umugambi wo kurwanya igiturire

. Leta

a vyose vyo mu gihugu (Leta,

uruhara. Irongorwa Leta), no mu

ro rigeze.


90

Igice ca 3:

INGENE UMUGAMBI UZOSHIRWA MU NGIRO N UBURYO IBIKORWA VYAWO BIZOTUNGANYWA, BIKARORANYWA BIKONGERA BIGAKURIKIRANWA, UBURYO IVYASHITSWEKO BIZOJA

KUWURANGURA AZOVA


91

bijanye na politike

mu gihugu Leta niyo ijejwe gutanga intumbero mu bijanye na politike, gutunganya,

guhuza no kuroranya ibikorwa vyose bizoranga

kuja inama no gushika ku mwumvikano muri Leta ishirwa mu ngiro

gukomeza intwaro ibereye no kurwanya igiturire mu gihugu rizokwubakirako.

6.2 Ubuyobozi mu bijanye no guhuza, kuroranya no gukurikirana

ibizoshikwako Ubushikiranganji bushinzwe intwaro ibereye nibwo buzozezwa amabanga yo guhuza no gukurikirana

birarangurwa, kandi nibwo buzoba kiremesha ku bundi bushikiranganji bwose mu kubuha intege kugira ngo burangure neza .

buzokwegukira Ubunyamabanga Umugwi Ujejwe I Intwaro Ibereye

(Groupe Sectoriel Bonne Gouvernance, GSBG) : ibikorwa bizozezwa ubwo Bunyamabanga Ntayegayezwa, biriko biranonosorwa bikazosohoka mu rwandiko (« Termes de Reference ») rugiye gusohoka vuba.

6.4 Ugukurikiranira hafi i (ari kwo kurimbura)

werekeye. Uburyo bwo isanzwe iriho ubu

Groupe de Coordination des Partenaires, Ihuriro ») uraba ivya

politike (Forum Politique, FP), umurwi (« Ihuriro ») ujejwe intumbero y’umugambi no kuraba ibijanye Forum Stratégique, umurwi ujejwe

gukurikirana

(GSBG).

usama), Ubushikiranganji bujejwe Intwaro ibereye buzokwama butegura icegeranyo (iraporo) ku buryo Umugambi uzoba uriko urashirwa mu ngiro, Urunani mpuzamirwi rushinzwe


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tsimbataza intwaro ibereye no kurwanya igiturire mu gihugu18

18

:

Partenaires Techniques et Financiers »

LETA (GVT) UMURWI MPUZABIKORWA

URUHARA MU MUGAMBI (GCP)

ABAFISE URUHARA MU

BUKENEWE

INAMA

SHIKIRANGANJI

(CM)

IHURIRO

RY’ABARABA

IBIJANYE NA

POLITIKE (FP)

UBUSHIKIRANGANJI

BW’INTWARO

IBEREYE (MBG)

IHURIRO RY’BAJEJWE

IBIJANYE

N’INTUMBERO

Y’UMUGAMBI (FS)

IBIRO

NSHINGWABIKORWA

(“NTAYEGAYEZWA”)

VYA GSBG (SP)

UMURWI UJEJWE

IGISATA C’IBIJANYE

N’INTWARO IBEREYE

(GSBG)


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6.6 Amikoro umugambi uzokoresha Kugira ngo uyu mugambi ushobore kuronka intererano ibiri muri wo bishirwa mu kigabane kigenewe « Intwaro ibereye » muri wa Mugambi Ugira Kabiri wo Kugwanya Ubukene mu Gihugu (CSLP2). Imfashanyo yoba ingana ukenewe

hisunzwe integuro za PIP na CMDT19. Bizoba ngombwa ko Leta yiyumvira gutegekanya uburyo burama kandi buvuye mu gihugu co nyene,

19 Insiguro: PIP ni integuro y’amahera Leta izokoresha mu bikorwa bikomeye nk’inyubakwa, amabarabara, canke ugukenura igihugu (Mu gifaransa ni « Programme d’Investissements Publics »). CDMT, ni urutonde rw’amahera azokoreshwa mu kiringo c’imyaka igereranye, itari mike cane, kandi itari myinshi cane (Mu gifaransa ni « Cadre des Depenses à Moyen Terme »)


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Uyu Mugambi wo gutsimbataza intwaro ibereye no kurwanya ibiturire mu gihugu wagenewe ikiringo co kuva muri 2011 gushika muri 2015. Kuva ubu, niwo abo bose bafise uruhara muri iki gisata bazokwisunga. yemereye abarundi igihe yarahira agira atangure ikiringo ca kabiri co kurongora igihugu : ico gihe, yishinze gukomeza intwaro ibereye, gutsimbataza ingendo yuko abafise ivyo bashinzwe mu buzi canke

ku nzego zose bokwama batangaza ivyo bariko barakora, uburyo

ugutsimbataza ingendo yo kurwanya igiturire mu buryo buzira impuhwe, ari kwo kutihanganira na gato abarya ibiturire.

wizatunga, ,

UGUSOZERA


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