strategic white paper - lgs innovationslgsinnovations.com/wp-content/uploads/dod-voip-v3.pdf ·...

St rat eg i c w h i t e pa p e r

LgS DoD Voip SoLution with 5060 ip caLL SerVer


St rat eg i c w h i t e pa p e r

2St rat eg i c w h i t e pa p e r


[ 1 ] i n t r o D u ct i o n & oV e rV i ew 03

1.1 LGS – Dedicated to Serving the U.S. Government Community 03

1.2 Switching Systems Transformation from TDM to Internet Protocol (IP) 03

1.3 ALU 5060 IP Call Server Switching System & Benefits with IMS 04

1.4 Introduction to IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Standard 06

1.5 Topics Covered 07

[ 2 ] D eSc r i pt i o n o f 5 0 6 0 i p ca L L S e rV e r Sw i tc h i n g 0 8

SySt e m fo r D o D u c r 20 0 8

2.1 DoD Unified Capabilities Requirements 08

2.2 Integrated ALU 5060 ICS Solution with Georedundancy 09

2.3 Geographic Redundancy Configuration and Advantages 13

2.4 Customer Premises Vendor Equipment Integrated in LGS Solution 16

2.5 Example of Telephony Services - System Hardware and Software Features 17

2.6 Services Supporting the LGS solution 18

[ 3 ] a p p e n D i x 2 1

3.1 5ESS TDM Switch Architect 21

3.2 Abbreviations 22

tabLe of contentS



1 .1 LgS i n n oVat i o n S - n e t wo r K i n g & co m m u n i cat i o n S So Lu t i o n S

LGS Innovations delivers next generation solutions that solve the most complex networking and communications challenges

facing the U.S. Federal Government, state and local governments, foreign governments, and commercial enterprises. LGS offers

groundbreaking research and development and builds advanced wireless, optical, and wired products and applications custom-

ized for specific mission environments. These solutions provide unique information and security advantages that lead to the

operational success of its customers.

Whether the need lies in the United States, allied countries, or high threat areas around the globe, LGS Innovations has repeat-

edly delivered innovation, quality, and technical excellence with secure, reliable, standards-based solutions for its customers.

LGS is uniquely equipped to meet its customers’ requirements to research, design, build, and support networking and commu-

nications solutions that transform their ability to quickly and securely send and receive information of all kinds – anywhere, at

any time, on any device.

LGS is headquartered in Herndon, Virginia, with offices in Colorado, Illinois, Maryland, New Jersey, New Mexico, and

North Carolina.

1 . 2 Sw i tc h i n g SySt e m S t ra n S fo r m at i o n f r o m t D m to i n t e r n e t

p r oto co L ( i p )

The U.S. Government’s voice and data networks continue to provide high quality telecommunications and data services.

The voice switching systems, including End Office (Class 5) Switches and Private Branch Exchanges (PBXs), meet the U.S.

Government switching requirements and provide high quality, secure, high availability communications. These Time Division

Multiplexed (TDM) switching systems continue to be a viable solution for U.S. Government networks. A brief overview of the

architecture of the Alcatel-Lucent’s 5ESS switching system (End Office and Multifunction Switch) is given in Appendix 3.1.

The development of Softswitch or Next-Generation Network (NGN) technology has enabled switching systems to support packet

voice, or Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services, delivered over data networks that are engineered to support high quality

of service (QOS). The movement of voice services to IP protocols (IPv4 and IPv6) enables the long term goal of convergence

of the voice and data networks; however, it also raises many challenges in Information Assurance, data network enhancement,

QOS management, network migration, etc.

The existing Softswitches or Next-Generation Network (NGN) Switches are an interim step in IP transformation, since they

have developed from non-standard, proprietary implementations and do not have the flexibility and industry standardized

interfaces to support a full range of services including web, multimedia (concurrent voice, data and video), legacy Intelligent

Network (IN), mobility and others. This white paper discusses the evolution to an open industry standard for managing mul-

timedia communications and IP Multimedia Subsystems (IMS), and describes the Alcatel-Lucent switching system and 5060

IP Call Server (5060 ICS), that support both NGN and multimedia services in this standard. Also described is the DoD Unified

Capabilities Local Session Controller based on the 5060 ICS.

1. introDuction & oVerView



Network Convergence Drives E-Government

The convergence of voice and data networks is a long term objective for e-Government, enterprise networks, and the commercial

service providers. The benefits of convergence include one network to support:

• Interactive Multimedia Services/Applications

• Ability of end users to access information/data bases and web services

• Integrated and Centralized Network Management assisted by MPLS and other protocols

• Unified approach to Security/Information Assurance

• Consolidated Network Operations, Data/Service Centers, Storage and Servers

• Enhance Continuity of Operations & Disaster Recovery

• Reduce Life Cycle Management Costs (maintenance, power, etc)

• Increased efficiency when Services concurrently share IP Transport

• QOS management to assure critical communications and real time services

• Engineering and Maintenance Staff specialized to one Network Technology

Convergence to all IP networks in Government and Industry has already extended over a number of years and will continue for

many years into the future. As IP based switches are introduced and networks are modernized, traditional users will be migrated

from Class 5 switches and TDM-based PBXs to NGN/IMS-based switches, and new customers will be added directly to the

NGN/IMS switches. Service Providers networks will be supported over broadband cable and fiber networks offering Voice over

Broadband (VoBB) services usually as part of a bundle of services including Triple Play Services (TPS).

Enterprises have been early adopters of VoIP switching. Now Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) modernization is driv-

ing the advancement of the IP switching technologies and the development of cost effective IP terminals. PSTN modernization

refers to primary line services that are delivered using traditional endpoints or new IP endpoints over an IMS/NGN network.

PSTN modernization refers not only to traditional analog phones connected via twisted pair to a Voice Gateway in the Access

Network (a network-based approach), but also to phones connected to an Analog Terminal Adaptor (ATA) embedded in the CPE

like a Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) modem, Residential Gateway, or Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) Optical Network

Termination (ONT). It also refers to telephony services provided via SIP phones (IP Phones) or soft clients within a PC, where these

IP endpoints provide primary line services and therefore replace the traditional phone. During the migration of Enterprise and

Service Provider TDM switches to IP, the TDM switches will initially be consolidated as the number of remaining users dimin-

ishes. The consolidation will help to manage maintenance costs on the TDM switches, but, as the systems age and the number

of users decline, the maintenance costs will eventually increase and will ultimately lead to the elimination of the TDM Switches

– and eventually the PSTN network.

1 . 3 a Lu 5 0 6 0 i p ca L L S e rV e r Sw i tc h i n g SySt e m & b e n e f i tS w i t h i m S

This white paper will cover switching system IP transformation with the ALU 5060 IP Call Server (5060 ICS). The 5060 ICS realizes a stan-

dards-based Voice and Video over IP (VVoIP) solution implemented in the Industry’s open standard, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), for

converged voice, data and video, or multimedia, communications. The 5060 ICS offers a compact implementation of basic, scalable NGN

VoIP telephony in the IMS standard that can be enhanced with standardized applications to support full IMS blended communications.



The blended communications include new IP Session Initiation

Protocol (SIP) multimedia services, which interwork with

Web services, Legacy Intelligent Network (IN) services and

new Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) entertainment ser-

vices. IMS Networks, including the ALU 5060 IP Call Server,

are currently being deployed in Service Provider networks.

As an example AT&T is using the IMS architecture and

ALU products to support its IP-based AT&T U-verse Voice

service, a Triple Play blended Voice, Data and IPTV offer

with an on-line portal for managing user communications.

As another example, Verizon and AT&T have also com-

mitted to introduce 4th Generation (4G) mobile/wireless

systems with ALU network elements in the IMS standard.

Figure 1.1 shows two 5060 ICS shelves in one cabinet, and gives

selected properties of this carrier grade switching system.

The ALU 5060 ICS is positioned to support the enterprise

switching requirements of U.S. Government Organizations. It is

highly scalable and can grow in capacity to support the largest

of these Organizations. The 5060 ICS supports georedundant

configurations where two separate, well interconnected sys-

tems operate in active-active standby, each having the capacity

in the case of an outage to support the full user bases at the two

protected switching locations. For instance, two Government

Locations in the same Agency or DoD Component (or in co-

operating Agencies/Components) can use the georedundancy

feature to provide back up communications for each other.

Should a failure (or disaster incident) occur at one location

with its 5060 ICS, the 5060 ICS Switch at the second location

can quickly provide full switching services to both locations.

Similarly, georedundancy features can support large, well

interconnected Government campus locations with critical

missions. Sharing back up communications between locations

provides cost efficiency, uniformity of services, minimized

sparing, and uniformity in maintenance and technical support.

The ALU 5060 ICS supports VVoIP calling for Enterprises and

supports European Telecommunications Standards Institute

(ETSI) and American National Standards Institute (ANSI) stan-

dards for wired and wireless access technologies. The 5060

ICS resolves the dilemma between supporting VoIP services

with either next-generation network (NGN) or IP multimedia

subsystem (IMS) standards by providing an NGN-like approach

with the benefits of IMS. Built to SIP/IMS standards, the 5060

ICS allows enterprises to introduce Voice over IP with the ease

of a simple NGN, then quickly and easily evolve to future IMS

blended multimedia (voice, video and data) services.

The 5060 ICS is a full carrier grade system with 1:1 redun-

dancy of all processing units in each self. All of the IMS

standards-based session control functionalities are provided

from a single product including the Proxy-Call Session Control

Function (P-CSCF), Interrogating-CSCF (I-CSCF), Serving-CSCF

(S-CSCF) and Emergency-CSCF (E-CSCF). The 5060 ICS

has Integrated Policy Management, Telecommunications and

Internet Protocol Harmonization over Networks (TISPAN) and

3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP/3GPP2) compli-

ance, including enhancements to support Network Attachment

Subsystem (NASS) and Resource and Admission Control

Subsystem (RACS). The 5060 IP Call Server supports IPv6,

thus meeting Government IPv6 compliance requirements and

solving the problem of exhausting IPv4 addresses. It incorpo-

rates embedded network adaptation for efficient global network

fit, including the Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF)

protocol for Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and

Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) access, and the Access

Gateway Control Function (AGCF) protocol for H.248 access.

The switching solution is implemented in two separate shelves

in one cabinet, providing 50 percent savings in cabinets and

floor space. The Subscriber Locator Function (SLF) ensures the

ability to find a customer’s information regardless of the shelf

on which it is placed. By combining the full NGN functions

in a single product, the number of elements in the network is

reduced and Capital Expenditures (CAPEX) are saved.

Figure 1.1 | 5060 IP Call Servers (5060 ICSs)



The primary benefits of the DoD VVoIP solution based on the

5060 IP Call Server are:

• Open standards-based Assured Services SIP, IMS imple-

mentation

• Voice, Video, Multimedia, Web, Presence, 3rd Party

Services available

• Supports Interactive/Session Aware Services /Applications

• IMS Standards provide QOE & Policy Management

• Class 5 reliability, > 5 9s availability

• IPv6, Secure Real Time Protocol (SRTP), Transport Layer

Security (TLS) support (secure)

• Simple, easy to operate and maintain

• One # for Remote Technical Support, 866-582-3688

• A solution that can grow with the DoD User

• Local Session Controller features under UCR 2008

• Geographic Redundancy supporting regional/campus

solutions

The equipment and services capabilities described in this

white paper could be purchased and deployed by the DoD

Components as enterprise switching equipment supporting

user groups at individual, campus and Regional locations.

Alternately, the VoIP and added multimedia services could

be obtained as enterprise services from Public or Government

Service Providers, which have deployed this equipment to

offer Enterprise Services Subscriptions to the U.S. Government

under contracted SLAs. The remainder of this white paper will

briefly review the underlying IMS standard in Section 1.4,

and then will cover in more depth in Section 2.0 the solution

architecture with the 5060 IP Call Server for deployment in the

enterprise networks of U.S. Government DoD Organizations.

1 .4 i n t r o D u ct i o n to i p m u Lt i m e D i a

S u b SySt e m ( i m S) Sta n Da r D

IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a services management

architecture that is widely accepted as an Industry standard. It

supports advanced services across fixed and mobile assets. For

service providers it is located in the service control domain of

their core network. The mobile standards adopt IMS for 4G and

3G systems, which are defined by 3GPP and 3GPP2 [the Global

System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Code Division

Multiple Access (CDMA) mobile standards bodies]. The fixed

standard is defined by the European Telecommunications

Standards Institute (ETSI) Telecommunications and Internet

Converged Services for Advanced Networks (TISPAN) stan-

dard. And the cable standard is defined by CableLabs® in

PacketCable™ 2.0. The IMS standardization activities have

been merged to ensure continued alignment. This means

that with IMS, service providers gain a standardized way to

deliver advanced services seamlessly across fixed and mobile

networks, and enterprises can leverage these services and/

or switching systems over time to grow their capabilities and

broaden user support. IMS is designed to support a rich ser-

vices offering. To this end, it is defined as a decomposed archi-

tecture with clear separation between the various network

layers of terminals/subscribers, access, core control functions,

applications and databases. The IMS architecture is illustrated

in Figure 1.2 below.

Rather than the many point solutions illustrated by the vertical

bars on the left of the Figure, under IMS the control layer is

service-independent, enabling full reuse control layer capacity

Figure 1.2 | IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Standard



at any time as part of the continually evolving service mix. In addition, it provides much more than just Session Initiation Protocol

(SIP) services. It also includes extensive interworking with Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), Public Land Mobile

Network (PLMN) and Internet Protocol (IP) interconnection points. This means that an IMS core network investment allows the

service provider to serve SIP enterprise and residential users and gain extensive service interworking with the existing customer

base and service offering. U.S. Government DoD Components, as Enterprises, can also directly deploy these capabilities as they

did with a PBX or Class 5 switch. With IMS multimedia communication services are blended across access networks spanning

multiple devices in real time, taking into account user’s personalized preferences. The shared, re-usable network functionality of

the IMS standard allows new scalable services to be launched quickly, repeatedly and economically.

The application layer is a key component of IMS. All applications leverage a common database standard, so that the same user

information is available and current for all applications. Standardized Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are defined and

application enablement features are available to facilitate the integration of 3rd party services from the ecosystem of applications

developers. The added services capability takes the form of advanced application servers that rely on best-in-class information

technology (IT) and web technologies to enable service providers and enterprises to effectively support web services. Approaches

include:

• A capability-based approach where a range of advanced functions, such as presence, network based address books, push-

to-X services and click-to-X services, are delivered as flexible functions designed for fast and easy integration into a set of

advanced applications

• A Java-based service delivery environment that enables easy blending of IMS services, and web functionality, into a unique

end-user experience

• Support for state-of-the-art Web 2.0 functions, such as web widgets, and other technologies that enable service providers and

enterprises to deliver a personalized, dynamic web experience

IMS is designed to be access network independent, which ensures various IP-enabled services interoperate across various access

networks (e.g., LAN, Cellular (2G/3G/4G), WiFi, WiMAX, DSL, etc.) and across various devices (e.g., cell phones, desk phones,

notebook computers, PDAs, etc.). It relies upon standardized signaling protocols, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), and traffic

protocols, Real Time Protocol/Secure Real Time Protocol (RTP/SRTP), and provides a common framework for interworking,

registration, session control, quality of service, and accounting/administration. IMS provides an open, flexible standards-based

framework for the next generation of converged network technology, and a solution option for long term US Government DoD

network evolution. A large industry investment is being made in these technologies, which will afford new opportunities for the

application of Commercial technology in US Government networks.

1 . 5 to p i cS coV e r e D

Section 2 of this whitepaper will expand on the ALU 5060 IP Call Server in describing its architecture, benefits and features for

direct application in U.S. Government DoD Component Organizations.



2 .1 D o D u n i f i e D ca pa b i L i t i eS r eq u i r e m e n tS

The Voice and Video over Internet Protocol (VVoIP) architecture under the DoD Unified Capabilities Requirements (UCR) are

illustrated in Figure 2.1 below. This UCR “Figure 4-14, SBU Hybrid Circuit Switched and VVoIP Design,” is taken from the UCR

2008 (December 2008 signed version).

The Base Level Real Time Services (RTS) Architecture, which includes configurations with independent Local Session Controllers

(LSC) and master LSCs/Softswitches (SS), is identified in the UCR 2008 (“Figure 4-23, B/P/C/S-Level Voice over IP LSC Designs”).

This figure is reproduced as Figure 2.2 below. The third architecture at the bottom of the figure introduces a two tier LSC clus-

ter consisting of a Master LSC and lower tier subordinate LSCs. The master retains service order (or subscriber provisioning)

information for all of the users in the regional service domain. The master LSC pair communicates through the EBC pair to the

Multifunction Softswitch (MFSS). The master LSC pair also provides robust trunk access to the PSTN and the Time Division

Multiplexed (TDM) portion of the DISN (or DSN) through the Media Gateway pair. This architecture permits campus and regional

UC switching with the georedundant master LSCs, and these architectures minimize the total lifecycle costs for the switching

systems, spares, maintenance and warranty as well as for the trunked interconnections. Subordinate single LSCs and/or local

Media Gateways (MGWs) can also be deployed at DoD Bases where calling patterns, connectivity limitations, and UCR 2008 or

end user requirements call for them.

2. DeScription of 5060 ip caLL SerVer Switching SyStem for DoD ucr 2008

Figure 2.1 | SBU Hybrid Circuit Switched and VVoIP Design (in UCR 2008 Fig 4-14)



2 . 2 i n t eg rat e D a Lu 5 0 6 0 i cS So Lu t i o n w i t h g eo r e D u n Da n cy

The ALU Local Session Controller solution deploys the 5060 IP Call Server (ICS), which supports the IP Multimedia Systems

(IMS) standard. This IMS standard uses Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) signaling, and supports Voice and Video over

IP (VVoIP), including SIP-based video applications such as peer-to-peer video telephony and video streaming. A variety

of enhanced video/multimedia services can also be provided including video mail, video chat and video conferencing in

support of DoD requirements. The IMS standard is being widely adopted in core networks of commercial service provid-

ers to support converged wireline and wireless services as well as broadband cable and fiber base services. A large num-

ber of interactive multimedia services are being introduced under the IMS standard. By using the 5060 IP ICS, the U.S.

Government DoD affords itself access to the new services from these large Commercial Industry investments and future proofs

its systems to enable the incorporation of new IMS capabilities for interactive multimedia services as they become available.

2.2 | B/P/C/S-Level Voice over IP LSC Designs (in UCR 2008 Fig. 4-23)

1 0St rat eg i c w h i t e pa p e r


The primary elements of the 5060 ICS Configuration are shown in Figure 2.3 and the basic architecture of these intercon-

nected elements is shown in Figure 2.4. The foundation element is the 5060 ICS, which is implemented as a single shelf in

the Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA) version 2 standards. It integrates the primary functions

for managing: 1) VVoIP services with its integrated Converged Telephony Server (CTS), 2) Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)

signaling [including Assured Services – SIP (AS-SIP)], 3) subscriber databases, and 4) call management and records. The

5060 ICS offers a standard SIP interface to interconnect with external application servers offering additional value-added

services such as presence, video calling, voice call continuity and fixed-mobile convergence. The 5060 ICS meets the require-

ments for Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) capabilities and Secure Real Time Protocol (SRTP) for bearer traffic. The Assured

Services – SIP (AS-SIP) messaging can be encrypted with Transport Layer Security (TLS). It can also interface with legacy

Private Branch Exchanges (PBXs) and IP enabled PBXs (IP PBXs). Although not normally required in Government applica-

tions, the solution can also provide features to support the communications and regulatory requirements for 911 Emergency

Calling, Lawful Intercept, Carrier Selection, and Intelligent Network Services such as Local Number Portability and 800 Number.

Figure 2.3 | Local Session Controller (LSC) Configuration Elements



From a system partitioning perspective, the 5060 ICS com-

prises the following modules:

• Shelf unit: The 5060 ICS shelf unit provides the mechani-

cal structure to plug the processing blades into to build-up

the call server

• Diskless call processing unit: The 5060 ICS diskless call

processing unit hosts several software applications. All

the applications can be shared on the same unit or distrib-

uted on several units

• Disk-full call processing unit: The 5060 ICS disk-full unit

offers storage capacity for database and charging data

records as well as processing capacity for platform opera-

tion and management

• Ethernet switch unit (Hub): The 5060 ICS Ethernet switch

unit offers a central point of switching for the different

processing units

The basic configuration includes an initial pair of diskless call

processing units with 1+1 redundancy. It supports the signal-

ing for more than 100,000 end users. The solution is highly

scalable, such that a doubling of capacity can be achieved by

adding into the chassis another pair of diskless call processing

unit blades or a quadrupling of capacity with 4 pairs of these

blades. In this way larger regions and end user counts can be

accommodated with volume based costing of the RTU fees.

Further increases in this capacity are also being implemented

with new version releases.

ATCA is complemented by a middleware layer that is aligned

to the Service Availability Forum (SAF). SAF has issued speci-

fications relative to Hardware Platform Interface (HPI) that

allow managing the hardware through standardized interfaces.

The ALU 5060 ICS leverages proprietary High Availability

(HA) TOMIX platform components based on ATCA and Linux.

Alcatel-Lucent is delivering high availability solutions (99.999

% availability) using this platform. Alcatel-Lucent continues

to be an active member of both the Open Source Development

Labs and Carrier Grade Linux Requirements (OSDL CGL)

Forum and the SAF Forum, and is contributing to these stan-

dardization efforts. However, mature COTS components from

base platform vendors are not yet available, and the 5060 ICS

is differentiated by using its high availability TOMIX platform.

Other primary elements of the Local Session Controller con-

figuration are the Session Border Controllers (SBC), which

provide call admission control functions for protected VVoIP

services provided to DoD users on base LANs. Another ele-

ment is the Edge Border Controller, which is included in

the UCR architecture of Figures 2.1 and 2.2 to protect the

interface between the Local Session Controller (LSC) and the

access to the Defense Information Services Network (DISN)

Service Delivery Node (SDN) and WAN Transport. The Media

Gateways support trunking at the georedundant master LSCs to

TDM Switches via T1, MLPP T1.619a over typically T1, DS3,

OC3 connections (PRI or SS7), and can be provided at addi-

tional DoD bases as desired or required. Also included is the

server-based Media Resource Function, which controls system

announcements and other media. The Universal Messaging

and Voice Mail subsystem elements of the solution depend on

the U.S. Government DoD requirements, and could take into

account existing systems for integration. The LSC solution

can be deployed with switches at the georedundant locations

and can be enabled for backup/disaster recovery, Continuity

of Operations (COOP) and centralized maintenance func-

tions. This solution can also be deployed with a Technology

Management System, which provides a full suite of integrat-

ed features to support Enterprise level telecommunications

implementation and management. Additional information on

the 5060 IP Call Server, Media Resource Function (MRF), other

optional Web Services and IMS Applications is given in the

material later in this Section associated with Figure 2.6.

A single 5060 ICS solution architecture is represented in

Figure 2.4, which shows the interconnection of the network

elements in the preceding figure through the L2/L3 redundant/

paired backplane switches/routers, the ALU 6850. These net-

work elements are assembled, integrated and tested on a rack

within a 24-inch telecommunications cabinet. The 5060 ICS,

which is implemented on a single ATCA 16U shelf, is a tele-

communications grade product with all hot swappable blades

having 1+1 redundancy with no single point of failure. It is

scalable; its capacity is increased with the addition of pairs

of IMS Server blades. The Element Management System has

the ALU product identification, Operations and Management

Console-Plus (OMC-P). OMC-P is installed on a Sun Sparc

server running Solaris 10. OMC-P also provides interfaces

to the U.S. Government’s higher level Network Management

Systems. It is accessed with a networked Management

Workstation. The Media Resource Function (MRF)



controls the announcements for the system and operates on an Intel server running Linux. The MRF supports fixed/variable voice

announcements, video announcements, voice and video recording, which can be used for messaging services, and channel mixing

for audio-conferencing, It also supports speech synthesis – text-to-speech (TTS) or concatenated speech with over 80 languages

already available. Also included is a CPE administration server for the Teo VoIP Phones described later; it is a Sun x86 server

running Windows 2008 Server. The Media Gateway is a high availability unit with no single point of failure.

The VoIP services are supported by CPE devices with IPv6 capability. These include Teo (formerly Tone Commander) VoIP phones,

which are further discussed with Figure 2.7 below. Additionally, the Analog Gateway (Analog Media Gateway - AMG) illustrated

in that Figure allows legacy circuit switched phones to be used before they have been replaced with VoIP phones or in special

circumstances requiring legacy TDM equipment to continue in use.

An individual 5060 IP Call Server solution along with associated optional network elements are shown in Figure 2.5. The

primary component is the IP Call Server (ALU 5060 ICS), which incorporates the Converged Telephony Server supporting

the VoIP services, the IP Session Control in IMS, the access gateway control, the IP resource control, the DNS, and the Home

Subscriber Server (HSS) provisioning database. As described earlier the IP Call Server is implemented compactly in the industry

standard Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA) as a single shelf design. The ALU 1310 Operations

and Management Console–Plus (ALU OMC-P) is the Element Management System (EMS). The OMC-P interfaces to the partner

Element Management Systems (EMS) to provide SNMP and XML/SOAP interfaces.

An additional server-based function is the Media Resource Function (ALU 5900), which suports system announcements. Also

shown is the Unified Messaging and Voicemail system. Unified messaging and voice mail products are available from partners

as well as ALU, and existing customer voice mail solutions can also be considered for integration with the 5060 IP Call Server.

Figure 2.4 | Single Local Session Controller (LSC) Configuration



The last element of the basic solution is the Media Gateway Controller, which incorporates the Signaling Gateway, Media Gateway

Control and Media Gateway functions, and converts SIP IP signaling and RTP bearer traffic to the TDM standards of PRI trunk

interfaces (or SS7 Signaling links) for access to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and the TDM-based portion of

the Defense Information Services Network (DISN). This Gateway function is implemented with either a partner’s or ALU’s MGW

product, depending on the trunking requirements of individual Government customers. The above components realize the basic

VoIP switching function in the IMS standard, and perform the basic functions equivalent to an NGN or Softswitch.

Optionally, since this solution is implemented in the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) standard, multimedia and web service can

be added to meet additional or future requirements. A wide range of IMS applications beyond VoIP can be added with the ALU

5400 IMS Application Server (IAS); the 5400 IAS supports a diverse set of multimedia services leveraging user presence, avail-

ability, personal calling preferences, and potentially mobility. Also the ALU 5420 Personal Communications Manager (PCM) can

be selected to support Web and Web 2.0 services.

2 . 3 g eo g ra p h i c r e D u n Da n cy co n f i g u rat i o n a n D a DVa n tag eS

The active-active geographic redundancy configuration for a 5060 ICS pair is shown in Figure 2.6 below. A campus or regional net-

work with multiple locations requires high availability connectivity between its locations, and its network is represented in the figure

as Army/AF/Navy or USMC Campus or Regional ASLAN (Assured Services LAN). Also as indicated earlier each 5060 ICS has the

capacity to support the full VoIP campus or regional traffic, and in normal operation is processing calls at less than half its capacity.

The 5060 ICS, which is handling the signaling associated with the IP telephony services, has been designed to permit substantial

geographic separation of the georedundant switch pair, such that a 5060 ICS can support at least continental-wide switching – across

CONUS or North America as examples. Geographic redundancy in the IMS standard is IP based, and is essentially not distance limited.

Thus the IP Switches could be on the same enterprise campus in separate buildings or in more widely separated locations or regions.

Figure 2.5 | 5060 IP Call Server with Associated Optional Network Elements



Failover occurs transparently between the two georedundant 5060 ICSs. If one 5060 ISC were to go out of service or become

isolated from the network, the other 5060 ICS will support all subscriber requests in the campus or region. With active-active

geographic redundancy, existing calls will remain in service, and if one of the 5060 ISC fails while the subscriber is in the act of

placing a call, the call will fail and the caller must re-originate the call, which will be handled by the backup 5060 ICS. Full ser-

vice will be restored within minutes on the backup 5060 ICS. New service requests for callers originally registered on an affected

5060 ICS will be originated on the backup 5060 ICS. The databases in the 5060 ICSs are synchronized with respect to features

and capabilities. The 5060 ICSs also load balance calls destined for the redundant Media Gateways (MGWs), which are deployed

in each georedundant location. If one MGW unit is busy or out of service, the call will route to the other gateway.

Several architecture configurations are possible for introducing UCR 2008 compliant VVoIP capabilities: 1) Independent LSCs,

2) Georedundant LSC pairs and 3) Georedundant master LSCs with subordinate LSCs. In an established DoD enterprise one

alternate approach to the proposed solution can be to upgrade existing TDM-based PBXs and Class 5 switches to the UCR

requirements. First, LGS recommends that Assured Services Session Initiation Protocol (AS-SIP) based LSCs be deployed

rather than attempting to use hybrid TDM-SIP switches. The new SIP-based LSCs will be more capable of efficiently sup-

porting new multimedia applications as well as enhancements to evolving SIP-based hardware and software that the indus-

try offers. The SIP-based solutions offer a new next generation design paradigm that is aligned with industry directions and

achieves lower footprint, improved scalability and greater network efficiency. Furthermore, LGS also believes that geo-

redundancy feature (in campus networks and potentially regional networks) in Capital Expenditures (CAPEX) and Operating

Expenses (OPEX), and better positions the DoD for the evolution to Unified Capabilities (UC), as detailed in the DoD UCR 2008.

Figure 2.6: Geo-redundant Master Local Session Controller (LSC) Pair Configuration



The campus or regional architecture could consolidate the IP-based

UCR 2008 switching systems in campus and regional sites, rather

than in more distributed DoD bases and locations, as with the

current TDM-based, PBX-centric architecture. This would sub-

stantially reduce the number of network elements that need to be

updated, maintained and managed, thus reducing lifecycle costs.

It also would reduce the number of network interfaces to DoD and

Public Networks, again reducing costs. The security requirements

for these next generation networks are paramount, and consolidat-

ing the assets within campuses and regions would also reduces the

number of network connections that need to be secured.

This centralization supports the DoD’s parallel objectives of: 1) con-

solidating computing, server, memory and applications to reduce

annual expenditures, 2) increasing the uniformity of the manage-

ment and technical support for these converged networks, and 3)

promoting end-to-end collaboration, web services and information

systems access.

For UCR 2008 compliant Voice and Video over IP (VVoIP) services,

each campus or region would provide two geographically redun-

dant master Local Session Controllers (LSCs) with two associated

Media Gateways (MGWs) for access to the PSTN and DSN, two

high availability Edge Border Controllers (EBCs) for interface to

the DISA Wide Area Network, and two high availability Session

Border Controllers (SBC) for the interface between the master LSCs

and their campus or regional network. Similarly, each campus or

region would associate with at least one Multi-Function Soft Switch

(MFSS) for connection to the DoD DISN Core Network, including

access to its Service Delivery Nodes (SDNs) and Wide Area Network

(WAN) transport. Should one of the fully redundant sites be com-

pletely lost, calls established through that system would continue

to be maintained and new calls would be handled by the backup

site.

This configuration provides both UCR VVoIP switching services

and Continuity of Operations (COOP). As an option, MGWs can

also be distributed to individual DoD Bases and locations to provide

local access to the PSTN, where local calling patterns and/or user

requirements favor this more distributed access to TDM trunks. A

detailed traffic study would be needed to optimize the trunking

requirements, and this study should occur during the network

design phase.

As indicated in the DoD UCR 2008, the user connection require-

ments also vary by type of user at the locations, where Special

Command and Control users have the most rigorous requirements.

Further, local LSCs can also be provided on selected DoD bases/

locations to support a portion of the regional VVoIP services and

provide stand alone switching capability at the local base/location

when required.

The next two paragraphs provide additional information on the

step-by-step restoration procedures (or contingency plan) of the

proposed distributed architecture with the georedundant solution:

• Two IP Call Servers (ICSs) are designated as geographic redun-

dant pairs and will operate in an Active-Active configuration

(both ICSs are serving active subscribers). A blade within one

ICS serves as the active blade for some subscribers and protec-

tion for other subscribers. A subscriber is assigned to a blade

in each of the ICSs. The blade in one ICS is the active blade,

and the blade assigned in the other ICS is the protection. The

Home Subscriber Servers (iHSSs) databases in both 5060 ICSs

contain the subscriber configuration information required by

both the primary Converged Telephony Server (CTS) in the

first ICS and the protection CTS in the second ICS. If the

quarantine bit, which indicates an ICS failure, is not set for

the active CTS, the iHSS will not allow a subscriber to register

on the protection ICS. If the Media Gateway Control Function

(MGCF) sends INVITES for calls to an endpoint to the wrong

site, the protection ICS sends back an error response and the

MGCF sends an INVITE to the other site. The Operations and

Management System, OMC-P, updates the databases in both

ICSs for each subscriber, and no registration data is copied

between ICSs.

• If an ICS fails, the OMC-P puts the failed Converged Telephony

Server (CTS) on the Quarantine List. The endpoints affected by

the failed ICS register with the Protection ICS, and the Media

Gateway Controller (MGC) sends INVITES for calls to these sub-

scribers from PSTN endpoints to the Protection ICS. When the

failed ICS is restored to service, its databases are re-synced with

the databases in the Active ICS. After the re-sync is completed

the iHSS deregisters the User Equipment (UE) VoIP Phone for

which this system is a protection. If the UE subscribes to reg-

istration events, this will cause the endpoints to register again

and in doing so the endpoint will have to rediscover its out-

bound proxy. The endpoints will then register with their own

primary ICS. If the UE doesn’t subscribe to registration events,

then the UE can’t receive new calls until it registers (“not reg-

istered” service is applied). However, this UE can originate

new calls (in that act of setting up the new call the endpoint

discovers it is unregistered and reregisters to the restored ICS).



To achieve the economies of the proposed solution, high availability Ethernet connections must exist between each of the DoD

bases/locations within the campus or region and the pair of georedundant, master LSCs. This requires that each base/location

be dual homed to the master LSCs, alternately connected with bidirectional rings, or provided by a Service Provider as a leased

service with high availability SLAs. These leased or owned data facilities must be traffic engineered to provide adequate band-

width as per specifications in the UCR 2008. The high availability Ethernet networking effectively interconnects the UCR Assured

Services Local Area Networks (ASLAN) on each DoD base or location throughout each campus or region.

No additional manpower should be required to manage the distributed architecture of the campus or regional solution. LGS actu-

ally envisions a reduction in manpower requirements with this more centralized solution, thus reducing operating expenses. The

campus or regional architecture is simpler to install, manage and operate. System configuration options can be enabled so that

maintenance staff can work network and user issues for just their local site, for a group of sites or for the entire network.

2 .4 cu Sto m e r p r e m i S eS V e n D o r eq u i p m e n t i n t eg rat e D i n LgS So Lu t i o n

Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) from a number of suppliers can be used for voice and video services, but the CPE must

first be certified and approved for use. LGS proposes using two CPE solutions from our vender partners, Teo (formerly Tone

Commander) and AudioCodes. The Teo VoIP phones and AudioCodes Analog Media Gateways are part of LGS’s configuration and

test suite. The new Teo 4101 VoIP phone, illustrated in Figure 2.8, is a Single Line SIP VoIP Phone. The Teo 4104 (a 4 Line SIP

VoIP Phone) and the Teo 7810 (a ten button phone) are also shown. All software for the phones is developed within the U.S., and

the 7810 is manufactured in the U.S. Teo has a number of additional phones in its product line, and the U.S. Government user

requirements and preferences can determine the selection. The U.S. Government is expected to require IPv6 capability, which

the Teo (formerly Tone Commander) IP phones provide. For

enhanced security, they also support TLS and SRTP. LGS offers

services to support the evaluation of VoIP phones and other

CPE under consideration, and will verify the compatibility of

them with the 5060 ICS solution.

VoIP handsets register to a 5060 ICS in the following process.

Initially, the maintenance technician will provision the sub-

scriber’s Directory Number (DN) and features in the 5060 ICS

subscriber database, derived from a standard template, and

then associate a telephone number to the MAC address of the

CPE device that will be assigned to the user in the system.

When the phone is connected to the network and the VoIP

handset powers up, the phone will request its IP address from

the local DHCP server. The DHCP response includes the Fully

Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) of the 5060 ICS serving that

CPE. The local DNS resolves the FQDN of the 5060 ICS. The

phone connects to the 5060 CPE server and performs a secure

download of its configuration, which includes the DN previ-

ously associated with its MAC address. Once the configuration

download is complete, the phone restarts and registers with

the 5060 ICS.

Figure 2.7 | Customer Premises Equipment (CPE): VoIP Phones and Analog Media Gateway



Also illustrated in Figure 2.5 is the AudioCodes Mediant 1000

Media Gateway, which provides voice technology for connect-

ing legacy telephones and PBX systems to IP networks. The

Mediant 1000 Media Gateway, an analog-to-VoIP line-side gate-

way, includes up to 24 FXS analog lines, single 10/100 BaseT,

DC power supply, G.711 (and other) Vocoders and SIP signaling,

and supports the following configurations of analog ports: 4, 8,

12, 16, 20, and 24.

Larger groups of analog phones can be supported with larger

Analog Media Gateways that interface to the 5060 ICS through

either the SIP or H.248 standards. Similarly, an IP PBX can

be supported with its SIP interface, or a Primary Rate Access

(PRA) or PRI PBX can be supported with its Channel Associated

Signaling (CAS) or PRA/PRI interface through the Media Gateway

and then the 5060 IP Call Server.

2 . 5 e x a m p L e o f t e L e p h o n y S e rV i c eS

- SySt e m h a r Dwa r e a n D So f t wa r e

f e at u r eS

The following is a partial list of telephony services that are avail-

able to be offered with the ALU/LGS 5060 IP Call Server:

• Account Codes: The Account Codes feature allows a sub-

scriber to add an account number to a billing record for

allocation of customer charges

• Anonymous Call Rejection: Anonymous Call Rejection

(ACR) allows a subscriber to reject incoming calls containing

Caller ID information marked private or with an anonymous

header

• Attendant Console: The Attendant Console feature provides

support for a SIP-based attendant console (based on the web

portal soft client) that is focused on supporting the agency’s

operational needs. The feature supports multiple communi-

ties providing each one with their own set of consoles sup-

porting their organization

• Auto Attendant Feature: Auto Attendant feature pro-

vides automated attendant services using the Personal

Communication Manager (PCM)

• Authorization Codes: The Authorization Codes feature

allows an end user to originate calls that are normally

restricted from a particular endpoint

• Automatic Call Back: Automatic Call Back (ACB) allows

subscribers to redial their last outgoing call

• Automatic Recall: Automatic Recall (AR) provides the num-

ber of the last incoming call and can automatically dial the

number at the request of the user

• Call Barring (Outgoing Calls): The Call Barring feature

prevents a subscriber from making certain types of outgo-

ing calls (e.g. international calls, toll-free calls, all non-

emergency calls, and calls with called digits that match a

provisioned list)

• Call Blocking (Incoming Calls): The Call Blocking (Incoming

Calls) feature allows an Agency to prevent an endpoint from

receiving either all calls or international calls

• Call Completion to Busy Subscriber (CCBS): When a caller

who is assigned the Call Completion to Busy Subscriber fea-

ture receives a busy signal after dialing a phone number, the

CCBS service can be invoked to monitor the called party and

place the call again once the called party becomes available

• Call Forwarding Features: The 5060 ICS supports calls

addressed to a subscriber to be redirected to a different des-

tination. The following call forwarding-related features are

supported:

o Call Forwarding Always (CFA)

o Call Forwarding Busy (CFB)

o Call Forwarding Default (CFD)

o Call Forwarding No Answer (CFNA)

o Call Forwarding Unregistered (CFU)

o Call Forwarding Local

o Call Forwarding to Voice Mail (CFVM)

o Bearer-Based Call Forwarding

o Call Forwarding Unreachable User (CFUU) Controls

o Inhibition of Incoming Forwarded Calls (IIFC)

o Call Forwarding Default (CFD)

o Call Forwarding No Answer (CFNA)

o Call Forwarding Unregistered (CFU)

o Call Forwarding Local

o Call Forwarding to Voice Mail (CFVM)

o Bearer-Based Call Forwarding

o Call Forwarding Unreachable User (CFUU) Controls

o Inhibition of Incoming Forwarded Calls (IIFC)



• Call Hold – Consultation: The Consultation Hold feature

allows a subscriber to flash to place an existing call on hold

and initiate a second call

• Calling Line ID-related Features: The 5060 ICS supports

the following features related to the display of caller iden-

tifiers:

o Calling Line ID Presentation (CLIP)

o Calling Line ID Restriction (CLIR)

o Calling Line ID Restriction Override (CLIRO)

o Flexible Calling Line ID/Group ID Delivery

o Connected Line Identity Presentation and

Restriction

o Private Dialing Plan (PDP) Extension Presentation

o Calling Name Identification Presentation (CNIP)

o Calling Name Identification Restriction (CNIR

• Call Park and Call Pickup Features: The 5060 ICS supports

the following features related to call park and call pickup,

intended to be supported in relation to groups within an

enterprise:

o Call Park and Retrieve

o Hard Hold

o Directed Call Park and Retrieve

o Call Pickup

o Directed Call Pickup

o Directed Call Pickup w/ Barge-In

• Call Transfer Features: The 5060 ICS supports the follow-

ing variations of call transfer:

o Call Transfer with Consultation

o Call Transfer Blind

o Call Transfer from Three-Way

o Timed Reminder on Transfer

o Explicit Call Transfer

• Call Waiting - Terminating: The 5060 ICS supports the fol-

lowing variations of call waiting (and cancel call waiting):

o Call Waiting with Advanced Endpoints

o Call Waiting with Flashable Endpoints using

INFO method

o Call Waiting with TISPAN Simple Endpoint

o Cancel Call Waiting – Per Call

• Call Duration Limits: This feature allows Agencies to limit

the duration of certain calls, such as calls with a higher

tariff rate. A global parameter provides the maximum

duration for any originating call. Additionally, each entry

in the digit analysis table can have an individual duration

limit assigned that either supersedes the global default

value by defining a maximum duration that differs from

the global value or that indicates that calls to this destina-

tion are not subject to any duration limit at all. When the

maximum time is reached, the call is terminated with a

BYE request. Optionally, a warning announcement may be

played prior to the termination

2 . 6 S e rV i c eS S u p p o rt i n g t h e LgS

So Lu t i o n

LGS has served the DoD as a prime contractor and network

integrator for the modernization of base facilities including the

installation and upgrades to the telecommunications systems.

The company has a rigorous methodology for implementing

network modernization as illustrated in Figure 2.8 below. In

this capacity LGS primes the Army I3MP and Infrastructure

Modernization (IMOD) programs, and has modernized more

than 40 Army (and Air Force) bases. LGS is also a Multifunction

Switching Systems and network management systems supplier

to the DoD, including the DISA NETCOP Program. LGS has also

supported the installation and upgrades to Navy telecommuni-

cations solutions, primarily as a first tier subcontractor. We are

also a primary supplier for afloat networks, having supplied

currently over 4,000 edge and core switches to the Navy on

over 300 surface ships and submarines combined. LGS is a pri-

mary supplier of complete Video Teleconferencing end-to-end

secure solutions, having designed and implemented over 300

facilities for Civilian, DoD and Advanced Program customers.

The following is a partial description of Engineering Services that

LGS offers in conjunction with its LSC and 5060 ICS solution.



The Engineering and Documentation for the network solution:

a. Perform installation survey and briefings as required

b. Engineering of the network hardware installation

c. Provide all drawings and other documentation needed to meet DoD requirements and submit to connection

approving boards

d. Provide DoD Information Assurance Certification and Accreditation Process (DIACAP) documentation in support

of Type accreditation for the distributed solution

e. Provide a Contingency Plan for the network solution that includes step-by-step restoration procedures and a

test plan

Switch System Software Installation, Upgrades and Management: LGS will furnish, install, manage, update and test all network

software including subcontracted legacy IP/TDM PBXs and upgraded EO/SMEO telephone systems meeting UCR 2008. These

tasks are summarized as follows:

a. Upgrade DSN telephone systems to next available EO/SMEO APL listed release

b. Replace any hardware, circuit cards, or sub-systems that will be inoperable under the new software version

c. Perform installation briefings and checklists and complete the installations on-site

d. Program and integrate a revised dialing and numbering plan in accordance with the DSN World Wide Number and

Dialing Plan (WWNDP)

e. Provide host switch server hardware and VoIP software licenses to support 100 to 500 each VoIP End Instrument

(EI) such that the additional ability to activate an IP extension may be accomplished through the future provision

of an external LAN

f. Provide host switch server hardware and/or software with appropriate licenses to support AS-SIP IP trunking

g. Test and cutover all installed software and equipment

h. Develop and deliver final “as-installed” configuration documentation required to meet DoD requirements

i. Provide warranty and technical support for components for one or more years from date of final acceptance

Technical support shall include Information Assurance Vulnerability Management (IAVM)/security patch support

Figure 2.8 | LGS Innovations: An End-to-End Network Solutions Integrator



Training: Training courses can be taken with open enrollment at the provider’s location, which often includes hands-on exercises

in a teaching laboratory environment. A typical facility is the Alcatel-Lucent Learning Center. Often the DoD Components prefer

to use this type of training; however, most of these courses can also be suitcased to DoD locations. The suitcased courses might pro-

vide limited hands-on experience with the DoD equipment at the course location. System specific training for Government switch

technicians can be provided at all sites for new switch hardware, software and Management System capabilities, as appropriate.

Training will also be provided for Government administrators on new features. All training will address Information Assurance

(IA) related tasks.

Professional Services, Technical Support and Maintenance: LGS and ALU can provide tiered support globally for all hardware

and software elements in the networks provided to the DoD. One service option is TS Gold 24x7 coverage for remote techni-

cal support. This service provides the DoD and/or its prime integration contractor remote access (24 hours per day for 7 days

per week) to engineers, in support of product-related questions, troubleshooting assistance, diagnostic procedures, and Patch/

Maintenance Releases, as may be made available, to restore and resolve network troubles for Maintained Products. Much of the

system diagnostics can be conducted remotely. The maintenance typically includes the Return for Repair Service (RES). This

tiered support will include all vendor hardware/software and all partner subsystems integrated into the network solution. LGS

will be the single point of contact for all DoD UCR 2008 telecommunications solutions it provides. As indicated earlier, the pro-

cess for configuring IP phones is relatively straight-forward; phones can be preconfigured remotely, then the phones self-register

with the network when they are first connected and powered up. The phone installation can be done with local DoD IT personnel,

perhaps with end user assistance, or it can be outsourced as a contracted support service.



3. appenDix3.1 5 eSS t D m Sw i tc h a r c h i t ect

ALU and LGS continue to offer and support the widely deployed 5ESS TDM Switching System. A partial view of 5ESS switch-

ing system components is given in the Figure 3.1 below. The primary functions are supported by the Administrative Module,

Communications Module and Switch Module (SM-2000), which supports Module Processing, Time Slot Interchange, Line/Trunk

Units and Service Circuits. The SM-2000 also supports remote switching at distances up to 600 miles from the host switch. The

Distinctive Remote Module (DRM) supports remote switching up to 2,000 miles from the host, and offers complete Local/Toll fea-

tures for up to 28,000 subscribers. The DRM has full Stand Alone Capability, and only utilizes the 5ESS Host switch for Operations,

Administration, Management and Provisioning (OAM&P).

Figure 3.1 | Existing 5ESS Switch Architecture



3 . 2 a b b r eV i at i o n S

Term Expansion

4G/3G/2G 4th Generation/3rd Generation/2nd

Generation Wireless (Cellular) Standards

3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Program (for

GSM)

3GPP2 3rd Generation Partnership Program (for

CDMA)

ACB Automatic Call Back

ACR Anonymous Call Rejection

AGCF Access Gateway Control Function

AMG Analog Media Gateway

AR Automatic Recall

ALU Alcatel-Lucent

ANSI American National Standards Institute

API Application Programming Interface

AR Automatic Recall

ASLAN Assured Services Local Area Network

AS-SIP Assured Services - Session Initiation

Protocol

ATA Analog Terminal Adaptor

ATCA Advanced Telecommunication Computing

Architecture

BRI Basic Rate Interface

BSS Business Support Systems

CAPEX Capital Expenditure

CAS Channel Associated Signaling

CCBS Call Completion to Busy Subscriber

CCC Carolina Corporate Center

Term Expansion

CCF Charging Collection Function

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

CDR Call Data Recorder

CFA Call Forwarding Always

CFB Call Forwarding Busy

CFD Call Forwarding Default

CFNA Call Forwarding No Answer

CFU Call Forwarding Unregistered

CFUU Call Forwarding Unreachable User

CFVM Call Forwarding to Voice Mail

CISSP Certified Information Systems Security

Professional

CLIP Calling Line ID Presentation

CLIR Calling Line ID Restriction

CLIRO Calling Line ID Restriction Override

CNIP Calling Name Identification Presentation

CNIR Calling Name Identification Restriction

COOP Continuity of Operations Plan

COTS Commercial Off the Shelf

CPE Customer Premises Equipment

CTS Converged Telephony Server

DISA Defense Information Systems Agency

DISN Defense Information System Network

DN Directory Number

DNS Domain Name System

DS3 Digital Signal 3 - 44.736 Mbit/s



Term Expansion

DoD Department of Defense

DRM Distinctive Remote Module

DSL Digital Subscriber Line

EBC Edge Border Controller

E-CSCF Emergency-CSCF

EI End Instrument

EMS Element Management System

EO End Office

ETSI European Telecommunications Standards

Institute

FQDN Fully Qualified Domain Name

FSX Foreign Exchange Station

GPON Gigabit Passive Optical Network

GSM Global System for Mobile Communications

HA High Availability

HPI Hardware Platform Interface

HSS Home Subscriber Server

HTML Hyper-Text Markup Language

iAGCF Internal Access Gateway Control Function

IAS IMS Application Server

IAVA Information Assurance Vulnerability Alert

ICS IP Call Server

I-CSCF IP Call Session Control Function

ICS IP Call Server

ID Identity

IETF Internet Engineering Task Force

iHSS Internal Home Subscriber Server

Term Expansion

IIFC Inhibition of Incoming Forwarded Calls

IMOD Infrastructure Modernization

IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem

IN Intelligent Network

IP Internet Protocol

IP PBX IP-Enabled PBX

IPTV Internet Protocol Television

IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4

IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6

ISC IP Session Controller

ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network

IT Information Technology

ITIL Information Technology Infrastructure

Library

ITU-T International Telecommunication Union

Transmission

LAN Local Area Network

LGS LGS Innovations LLC

LSC Local Session Controller

LTE Long Term Evolution

MAC Media Access Control

MFSS MultiFunction Softswitch

MGC Media Gateway Controller

MGCF Media Gateway Control Function

MGW Media Gateway

MRF Media Resource Function

MSF MultiService Forum

24© 20 1 4 – LgS i n n oVat i o n S L Lc - a L L r i g h tS r eS e rV e D

LgS, LgS i n n oVat i o n S, a n D t h e LgS i n n oVat i o n S Lo g o a r e t ra D e m a r KS o f LgS i n n oVat i o n S L Lc .

Term Expansion

SMEO Small End Office

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

SRTP Secure Real Time Protocol

SS Soft Switch

SS7 Signaling System 7

T1 T-Carrier1 - 1.544 Mbit/s line rate

TDM Time Division Multiplexing

TISPAN Telecommunications and Internet Protocol

Harmonization over Networks

TLS Transport Layer Security

TPS Triple Play Services

TTS Text-to-speech

UC Unified Capabilities

UCR Unified Capabilities Requirement

UE User Equipment

UM Universal Messaging

VLAN Virtual Local Area Network

VoBB Voice over Broadband

VoIP Voice over IP

VVoIP Voice and Video over IP

WAN Wide Area Network

WiFi Wireless Fidelity

WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave

Access

WWNDP World Wide Number and Dialing Plan

XML Extensible Markup Language

a bo u t LgS i n n oVat i o n S

LGS Innovations delivers next generation solutions that solve the

most complex networking and communications challenges fac-

ing the U.S. Federal Government, state and local governments,

foreign governments, and commercial enterprises. LGS offers

groundbreaking research and development and builds advanced

wireless, optical, and wired products and applications custom-

ized for specific mission environments. These solutions provide

unique information and security advantages that lead to the oper-

ational success of its customers. LGS’ offerings include:

• Campus and building networking solutions for military

bases, hospitals, and corporate centers

• Maritime applications for in-port and at sea communications

• Global networks (long-haul communications, including

undersea cable)

• Enterprise voice, video, and data networking4G wireless

deployable communications for public safety, battlefield,

and emergency and first responder communities

• Network engineering, integration, and installation

• Cloud and data center infrastructure

• Video teleconferencing and IPTV suites

• Research and development in advanced multimedia/RF

communications, cybersecurity, sensing technologies, and

photonics

LGS Innovations is a U.S.-owned company headquartered in

Herndon, Virginia, with offices in Colorado, Illinois, Maryland,

New Jersey, New Mexico, and North Carolina. Formerly a sub-

sidiary of Alcatel-Lucent, LGS is the exclusive reseller of Alcatel-

Lucent products and services to the U.S. Federal Government

and any other entity when the end customer is the U.S. Federal

Government. LGS maintains strong ties to Bell Labs and its tech-

nologies, employing more than 450 scientists and engineers and

a total of nearly 700 employees worldwide. To learn more about

LGS Innovations, visit www.lgsinnovations.com.

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