straight talk on replacing thousands of hard disks with just one solid state disk
DESCRIPTION
In this webinar, SSD (solid-state disk) and application performance expert Jamon Bowen will examine the various types of SSD and how they align with application architectures and deployment models. He will examine how performance, cost, and feature sets impact deployments of SSD in today's evolving datacenters. In short, this webinar will demystify SSD and help you make informed architectural choices to fulfill your performance needs. Please visit Texas Memory Systems at http://www.ramsan.com for more information and to request a quote.TRANSCRIPT
Straight Talk on Replacing Thousands of Hard Disks with Just
One Solid State Disk
Jamon Bowen, Director of Sales EngineeringLevi Norman, Director of Marketing
November 2010
The World’s Fastest Storage® for over thirty years!
The World’s Fastest Storage®Get a quote at txmemsys.com/quote
Presentation Synopsis
Thank you for joining Texas Memory Systems to learn howSolid State Disk(SSD) is being incorporated into Data Centersto improve the price/performance equation for applicationsand storage. Technology developments and improvedeconomics are making SSD more interesting and affordable,but there is often confusion about available solutions andhow they can be incorporated into existing data centerarchitectures.
In this webinar, SSD and application performance expertJamon Bowen will examine the various types of SSD and howthey align with application architectures and deploymentmodels. He will examine how performance, cost, and featuresets impact deployments of SSD in today’s evolving datacenters. In short, this webinar will demystify SSD and helpyou make informed architectural choices to fulfill yourperformance needs.
The World’s Fastest Storage®Get a quote at txmemsys.com/quote
TMS the Company, The SSD Market, The
RamSan Portfolio
The World’s Fastest Storage®Get a quote at txmemsys.com/quote
Texas Memory Systems, IncThe World’s Fastest Storage®
16th generationEstablished enterprise customer base32 yrs SSD experience
Deep & established engineeringHistory of “changing the game”
Privately held; no VC/long term debtGlobal in presence
TMS architects and creates The World’s Fastest Storage® in varying memory mediums and form factors ranging from RAM rack mount systems to Flash PCIe direct attach storage options.
Each product is developed with enterprise capability and needs in mind and leverages the very best of each previous design.
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Sent a text message
Placed online bet
Booked a cruise or flight
Used an ATM
Conducted a financial trade
Shopped online
Used pre-paid wireless
Gamed online
Select RamSan Facts…
…RamSan is Everywhere
The largest SSD installations in production in the world
Currently operating in 9 major financial exchanges worldwide
Used today by 7 out of 11 of the world’s largest telecoms
Installed and in production in over 35 countries
The World’s Fastest Storage®Get a quote at txmemsys.com/quote
Select RamSan Facts…
…RamSan is Everywhere
The largest SSD installations in production in the world
Currently operating in 9 major financial exchanges worldwide
Used today by 7 out of 11 of the world’s largest telecoms
Installed and in production in over 35 countries Sent a text message
Placed online bet
Booked a cruise or flight
Used an ATM
Conducted a financial trade
Shopped online
Used pre-paid wireless
Gamed online
The World’s Fastest Storage®Get a quote at txmemsys.com/quote
The Need for Solid StateThree major customer challenges drive Texas Memory Systems to
evolve and develop new solid state disk solutions
Perfo
rman
ceLa
tenc
y Power
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Market ExpansionState of Solid State
Overview & Size IDC, June 2010
Enterprise Revenue (projected):2009: $400 Million
- Initially projected at $250M2010: $450 Million2013: $2 Billion
Competitive Landscape2010: 200+ SSD co’s StorageSearch.com
2010: Storage OEM offerings multiply- SSD becoming specialty offering across OEM tiers (storage, server, software)
2012: SSD is ubiquitous
The World’s Fastest Storage®Get a quote at txmemsys.com/quote
Average WW Traffic of SSDs
Jan
4 20
04
Feb
27
2005
Apr
23
2006
Jun
17 2
007
Aug
10
2008
Oct
4 2
009
Search Volume
Market ExpansionLeading Indicators
Growth in SSD Searches on Google
Growth in Requests for Pricing (TMS)
TheInfoPro Heat Index
SSD and Performance
IDC Market Predictions
Sources: Google Trends, TMS, TheInfoPro, and IDC – 2009 and 2010
Requests for (Pricing) Quotes to TMS
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
Q107 Q207 Q307 Q407 Q108 Q208 Q308 Q408 Q109 Q209 Q309
Enterprise Flash Revenue ($M) per IDC, 2010
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
The World’s Fastest Storage®Get a quote at txmemsys.com/quote
Market ExpansionTrailing Indicators
F1000 SSD Adoption (TheInfoPro)
F1000 SSD Adoption (by Vendor)
Growth in Capacity Sold (TMS)
Growth in Zeus IOPS Revenue (STEC)
Growth in Flash (Usable Capacity Sold)
Q3/07 Q4/07 Q1/08 Q2/08 Q3/08 Q4/08 Q1/09 Q2/09 Q3/09 Q4/09Zeus IOPs (STEC) Revenue Growth
$-
$20,000,000
$40,000,000
$60,000,000
Q1/08 Q2/08 Q3/08 Q4/08 Q1/09 Q2/09
Source: TheInfoPro, TMS, SEC Filings – 2009 and 2010
The World’s Fastest Storage®Get a quote at txmemsys.com/quote
Market ExpansionPrimary Catalyst for Market Growth
$ per GB RAW (Source: SPC-1 Data, TMS pricing history)
1
10
100
1000
5/24/2002 5/24/2003 5/23/2004 5/23/2005 5/23/2006 5/23/2007 5/22/2008 5/22/2009 5/22/2010 5/22/2011 5/21/2012 5/21/2013
$/GB RAM SSD$/GB Flash SSD$GB Flash (est)$/GB HDD$ GB HDD (est)Expon. ($/GB RAM SSD)Expon. ($/GB Flash SSD)Expon. ($/GB HDD)
RAM SSD
FLASH SSD
Performance HDD
Source: TMS and Industry HDD Pricing Reports
Convergence of Flash SSD and Performance HDD Pricing
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Faster Flash– 2010 – 3xnm SLC/MLC Flash (doubles the density)
• 3xnm preserves 100k SLC write endurance; 2xnm likely not…
– New protocols for moving data to/from Flash• Toggle Mode – Samsung• ONFI (Open NAND Flash Interface) - Micron
Fast Interfaces– 8Gb Fibre Channel for low latency/high IOPS
addresses OLTP– QDR InfiniBand for low latency/high bandwidth for
data warehousing and HPC
Faster Applications
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Faster Flash Architectures
Operating Systems, File Systems and Applications Designed for Flash
• OS vendors are currently optimizing for Flash• Files system vendors adding features to support Flash as storage
and Flash as cache• Application vendors suddenly have one less major bottleneck to
address and are designing applications to use Flash
Faster Applications
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RamSan Product Portfolio
RamSan-440
RamSan-500
RamSan-630
RAM-BasedNetwork Attached
FLASH-BasedNetwork Attached
FLASH-BasedDirect Attached
SYSTEMS
PCI
RamSan-20
Closing the Performance Gap
SSD…
Is Non-Volatile Storagemade from RAM and Flashcomponents
Dramatically Lowers Response Time
Offers extremely High IOPSand Bandwidth
Delivers more Performance/Wattconsumed
Increases Application Performance
Is a Green technology
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Typical RamSan Application Matrix
Do more, do it faster and support more concurrent users with RamSan!
FINANCIAL•Trading Systems• Messaging Systems• Periodic Reporting• Batch Processing• Data Acquisition
GOVERNMENT• Oracle Databases• Metadata• Data Acquisition• Data Warehousing• Airborne Data Centers
E-COMMERCE• Web Databases• Shared Content• Online Gaming• Online Communities
HPC• Scientific Computing • Seismic Processing• Rendering• Video on Demand • Data Acquisition
TELCO
• OLTP DB• Batch Processing• Data Warehousing• CRM
Database Acceleration (Oracle, SQL-Server, etc)
The World’s Fastest Storage®
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How SSDs Are Changing Datacenter
Architecture
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Types of SSD
RAM-based SSD– Highest performance storage possible– Requires built-in batteries and nonvolatile
storage
Flash-based SSD– Non-volatile chip, high density, low power– Chips require special handling for writes
• Wear leveling• Bad block replacement
– Faster than disks, but at least 10x slower than RAM
– Capable of disk density– Low power
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Many SSD Deployment Options Available Today
Storage Centric– Typically form factor SSD– Designed to fit requirements of Storage
System vendors
Network Centric– Designed to attach to servers via
network• Rack mount/Appliance model
Server Centric– Designed to fit into the server
• PCIe• Embedded on the motherboard
Source: w
ww
.emc.com
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RAM Usage within Storage
Storage Centric– SAN Cache
Network Centric– RAM SSD Appliance
Server Centric– File System Cache– RAM Drive
Source: www.creativestrategiessvc.com
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RAM SSD - Has a long deployment history for adding persistent memory to an application
RAM SSDs provide ability to add storage persistence to an application without sacrificing RAM performance
Typically involves clustered servers and mirrored RAM SSDs
– Database Logs– Financial applications– Real-time billing systems
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Flash SSD
Currently dominates the SSD discussion
Many factors driving growth– Price/GB has been declining faster than other
options (Disk or RAM)
– Price/performance is extremely inexpensive
– Dramatic space and power savings for persistent storage
Explosion in deployment options
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Typical vectorsPerformance
• Latency• Bandwidth• IOPS
Cost• Minimum total cost• Cost per capacity• Cost per performance• Operational cost considerations• Management cost considerations
Features• Determines the best fit architectures
SSD Deployment Options
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PerformanceApplication Acceleration
With enough disks you can get IOPS and you can get bandwidth
Disks have to seek or rotate faster to get lower latency
Latency is the reason that SSDs accelerate apps
– All using the same basic chips
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PerformanceLatency Comparison
Storage CentricBus overhead + Bus to Network Adaptor + Network Adaptor to Storage Controller Bus + Storage Controller Processing Stack + Bus to back end storage Network Adaptor + Network Adaptor to internal SSD Bus
Network CentricBus overhead + Bus to Network Adaptor Overhead + Network Adaptor to SSD overhead
Server CentricBus Overhead Only
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PerformanceMaking the Comparison
A Simple Test - Measuring the latency impact of typical HBA…
Single Test System with both internal and external SSD
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4 KB Write Performance vsIOPS Load
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0 50000 100000 150000 200000
Res
pons
e Ti
me
(ms)
IOPS
IOPS vs Response Time
PCIe SSDExternal SSD
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Response Time vs IOPS 100% 8k Random Reads
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000
IOPS
Res
pons
e Ti
me
(ms)
Intergrated SSD Solution A
Integrated SSD Solution B
PCI SSD
FLASH Based System
RAM Based System
Response Time vs IOPS
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CostServer Centric
Lowest cost of entry
Cost per capacity determined by chip used & vendor
– Biggest drawback is fixed capacity vscapacity used
Operational cost consideration– Lowest operational costs– Highest management costs
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CostNetwork Centric
Starting cost - tens of thousands range
Cost per capacity determined by chip used & vendor
Operational cost consideration– Low operational costs
– Some management centralization
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CostStorage Centric
High cost of entry – primarily dominated by the storage controller cost
Cost per capacity typically higher to cover OEM markup
Operational cost consideration– Better operational cost than disk
– Lowest management costs
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Features
Server Centric – Minimal– Driver installation requirement
Network Centric – Shareable, server cluster support– Central management and monitoring
Storage Centric– Leverages storage controller feature set
• Replication, snapshot, backup, etc• Management features are the primary benefit of
this deployment method
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Varying SSD Architectural Deployment Models
Scale UP Architecture– Monolithic design of Servers and Storage
Scale OUT Architecture– Distributed design of Servers and Storage
Mixed– Scaled OUT Servers with Scaled UP Storage
– Scaled UP Servers with Scaled OUT Storage
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Scale UP ArchitectureMonolithic architecture
– Single application image– Well suited to applications that require tightly
correlated datasets and a shared state
External system design if– High Availably Requirements
• Active/active clustering - external system
– Capacity• External system can scale to much higher capacities
Internal solution– Fits this model when a 3-4u server or workstation is
used to provide a powerful single server solution
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Scale OUT Architecture
Distributed modular architecture
Well suited to applications with easily partition-able and loosely correlated datasets
Shared nothing cluster for availability
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Scaled UP StorageSingle Application
Compute resources scale out– HPC setup
– Many node Oracle RAC
Storage scales up– Single shared namespace
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Scaled UP StorageMultiple Applications
Many different applications with different requirements
Centralized Data Management
Primary Benefit– Performance tradeoff– Some array features become more valuable
when there are more applications in the same management framework (i.e. Dedupe)
– Obvious SSD feature: Tiering
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Typical Storage Array
Storage Controller Storage Controller- Standard Processors
- Memory - HBAs- Storage
Management Software
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Challenges with the Centralized Storage Controller
In an HDD world– Capacity is cheap
– Performance is expensive
– Disks are too expensive for performance to worry about storage controller bottlenecks
Well architected SSDs change this scenario– Performance is now cheap
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Disk vs SSDSSD’s other use case
What if the latency on an SSD was the same as for an HDD?
Applications wouldn’t run faster…
…SSDs would still be the future!
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You have to buy the physical disk operating components for each disk that you buy (Big difference as compared to tape)
Multiple disks needed for random IO performance
Disk vs SSD HDDs fundamental flaw
Platter cost per bit decreases rapidly every year. Single manufactured component.
Many components in the head, armature, and motor. At low capacities the costs of these components is dominant.
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Disk vs SSD Performance Disks
Much more expensive than consumer disks
Fully burdened price includes the cost of the controller, often doubles price per GB
Faster
Less capacity
Public price data available from the Storage Performance Council
www.storageperformance.org
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Disk Price per GB in Enterprise Array
$0.00
$10.00
$20.00
$30.00
$40.00
$50.00
$60.00
$70.00
$80.00
$90.00
5/24/2002 10/6/2003 2/17/2005 7/2/2006 11/14/2007 3/28/2009 8/10/2010
$/ GB
$/ GB
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$/ Disk
$0.00
$1,000.00
$2,000.00
$3,000.00
$4,000.00
$5,000.00
$6,000.00
5/24/2002 10/6/2003 2/17/2005 7/2/2006 11/14/2007 3/28/2009 8/10/2010
$ /Disk
$ /Disk
Linear ($ /Disk)
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Object Intensity
Combines both throughput and capacity requirements
Call it IOPS/GB
At a high enough IOPS/GB SSD is the cheapest solution
At a low enough IOPS/GB capacity oriented disk drives meet the performance requirement
In between is performance optimized drives (15K RPM)
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Based on Performance AND Price per GB
Solid State Disk Territory
Fast HDD Territory
Capacity Oriented HDD Territory
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Looking Forward
SSDs will replace performance HDDs
Scale out shared nothing designs
Scale out storage controllers
Separation of performance sensitive apps and the utility model applications
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