BIM for Owners

Specifying the Process

To Maximize the FM Benefits of BIM

Ken Stowe, P.E.

The Associated General Contractors of America (AGC) is a

Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects

Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of

this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members.

Certificates of Completion are available on request.

This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing

professional education. As such it does not include content

that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or

endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or

any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or

dealing in any material or product. Questions related to

specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed

at the conclusion of this presentation.

Copyright

This presentation and the materials provided are protected

by U.S. and International copyright laws. Reproduction,

distribution, display and use of the presentation or

materials without written permission is prohibited.

© AGC of America, 2011

Course Description

• BIM is an intelligent 3D model–based process that provides insight for creating and

managing building projects faster, more economically, and with less environmental impact.

The success of BIM for building delivery is fueling the push towards using BIM for model-

based lifecycle management. To capitalize on the value of BIM, building owners are now

starting to reuse the building models and information created during design and

construction to streamline their building management and operations.

• The ‘i’ in BIM—information—is the key to BIM’s potential for lifecycle management. The

ability of owners to realize that potential hinges on the use of standardized data streams

throughout design, construction, and commissioning, as well as thorough understanding

of the end use, and users, of that building data. In response, owners are starting to

mandate the use of BIM during design and construction, and to specify digital deliverables,

in anticipation of reusing building models and data for their operations.

• The ability to integrate as-built building models with operations-based building systems

results in model-based handover deliverables that help owners minimize their startup time,

lower their operating costs, better manage their assets, and reduce their energy use.

Learning Objectives

At the end of this program, participants will be able to:

1) Attendees will be able to justify mandates for the use of BIM during design

and construction.

2) Attendees will able to support their requests for digital deliverables in

anticipation of reusing building models and data for future operations.

3) Attendees will be able to integrate as-built building models with operations-

based building systems.

4) Attendees will be able to minimize start-up time, lower operating costs, better

manage assets, and reduce energy use.

The Envy of the World

Congratulations to the AGC of America

Building Division

Quotes Heard Here at the Conference

“It’s all about Handoffs” – unknown

“We’re looking for the Best Decision-Support” – Bill Seed

“Our industry has Byzantine ways of making decisions.” Will

Lichtig

“We need the ability to Predict Results” – Bill Seed

“Don’t think you already do Lean” – David MacNeel

“Develop Champions” - unknown

We’re here to prevent the

Avalanche of Failure from Fragmentation

In the next 60 minutes…

• Lean, IPD, and BIM – Challenge and Reward

• Successful Project

• Owners Mandates/BIM Data Standards

• Emerging Trends

• Return on Investment

My History…

• 1970 – Layout and Control – Manual

• 1980 – Estimating – Bridge

• 1983 – Steel Penstock – Office

Engineer

• 1985 – Scheduling Manager –

Wastewater

• 1988 – First 3D in AutoCAD –

Hydroelectric Power

• 1991 – EuroDisney – 4D by Hand

• 1994 – First 4D in AutoCAD –

Hewlett Packard Manufacturing

• 1997 – Sharing 3D CAD Files - New

England Aquarium

• 1998 – First Revit 4D – Boston

Museum of Fine Arts

• 1992 – Lean Workflow for Rockwork

- EuroDisney

It’s a Race… to Transform – using the 4 Big New Opportunities…

…are all about Integration

producing unprecedented results.

Technology

BIM

People

Teamwork

Delivery

(IPD)

Incentive Leadership

Enduring

Value

Lean

Optimize

Workflow

Wikipedia Building Information Modeling (BIM) aims to build a

collaborative relation between designers and

constructors, so how is that different from LC?

BIM is technology. It doesn't aim, it does make possible

different conversations because it is a great tool for spatial

representation of design. LC structures those conversations

and connecting design, logistics and installation. LC designs

and activates the network of commitments necessary to

deliver the project. It is necessary to enable Lean

Construction ideals but not sufficient.

White Paper – (Target Value Data Workflow?)

Sustainability, Operations & Higher Ed

Dramatic Results

Green Building

November 1, 2010

By JT Long

• “Modeling leads to lean construction, which is green construction,” Kahl says. His company

designed the new University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts, a $165-million, 137,000-

sq-ft historic California-style complex built to LEED silver standards. The goal was to design a building

that would last for the next 100 years.

• He estimates that the enhanced energy studies allow for buildings to be designed to perform up

to 20% more efficiently.

• BIM also reduced the amount of waste because it allowed estimates to be more precise with no

revisionist work, no tearing out pieces for reinstalling and no overstock, Kahl says.

• “Without modeling, we wouldn’t have been able to install as efficiently,” he adds. He also credits BIM for

allowing greater use of prefabrication, which resulted in less waste and time spent in construction

onsite.

• Because models are shared in real time, the team could make decisions faster, contributing to a project

that was delivered three months ahead of schedule and under budget, Kahl says.

Raymond Kahl, principal in

charge at Atlanta-based Urban

Design Group, says BIM allows a

project team to take a holistic

approach to design and

construction.

Rework Costs up to 5% of the Construction Cost

The Causes of Rework can be Addressed

Hidden Costs in Construction

Reduced Change Orders

MEP Specialty – from 18% to less than 3%

Source – NSPE Magazine

CDCR – California Department of Corrections –

Designed in - Contract Requirements

3.05 SUBMITTAL OF FINAL AS-BUILT MODELS

A. The final, approved updated and revised LOD 400/500 Federated

Model and all its discipline systems Native Models will be submitted to

the State’s Team as part of the close-out submittals.

1. Model updates at 50%, 75%, and 100% completion of Construction

Phase; CM will define Submittal Date and HHF D-B will include in the BEP.

2. The Federated Model and all its discipline systems Native

Models will be: a. Editable for future expansion or remodel projects

b. Functioning for use with 3-D Facilities Operations & Maintenance

c. Organized and properly filed in an equivalent Document Control

System for archive and reference.

The Unified Facilities Guide Specifications

(UFGS) …a joint effort of several US federal government agencies, are construction guide

specifications used in facility construction projects of the participating agencies… the

types of information required in operations & maintenance data package:

• Spatial Assets

• Equipment Assets

• Parts and Warranty Contacts

• Warranty Information

• Replacement Parts

• Operating Plans

• Preventive Maintenance

• Emergency Operations

• Troubleshooting

Instructions

• Safety Instructions

• Coordinates

• Products and Equipment

Attributes

Construction Operations Building

Information Exchange (COBie)

The COBie approach is to enter

the data as it is created during

design, construction, and

commissioning, … Designers

provide floor, space, and

equipment layouts. Contractors

provide make, model, and serial

numbers of installed

equipment. Much of the data

provided by contractors comes

directly from product

manufacturers who can also

participate in COBie.

• Target existing buildings

• Achieve Certifications

• Energy-reduction targets

• Influence project eco-system

• Goals for sustainability

Emerging Trends Owner Mandates

Facilities Management

Emerging Trends Construction Modeling

Parts

Assemblies

Emerging Trends Construction Modeling

• Scaffolding

• Fall Protection

• Hazard Communication

• Respiratory Protection

• Lockout-Tag out

• Powered Industrial Trucks

• Laydown Yards

• Material Storage

Emerging Trends Site Logistics & Safety Planning

• Quantity Takeoff building cost estimating software

helps make material costing faster, easier, and

more accurate. Cost estimators can create

synchronized, comprehensive project views that

combine important information from building

information modeling (BIM) tools

Emerging Trends Quantifying The Model

Emerging Trends Enhanced Delivery Methods - AIA E202 – BIM Protocol Exhibit

LOD 100 Essentially the

equivalent of

conceptual design,

the model would

consist of overall

building massing and

the downstream users

are authorized to

perform whole

building types of

analysis (volume,

building orientation,

cost per square foot,

etc.)

LOD 200 Similar to schematic

design or design

development, the

model would consist of

"generalized systems

or assemblies with

approximate quantities,

size, shape, location

and orientation."

Authorized uses would

include "analysis of

selected systems by

application of

generalized

performance criteria."

LOD 300 Model elements are

suitable for the

generation of

traditional construction

documents and shop

drawings. As such,

analysis and

simulation is

authorized for detailed

elements and

systems.

LOD 400 This level of

development is

considered to be

suitable for fabrication

and assembly. The

Model Element

Author for this LOD is

most likely to be the

trade contractor or

fabricator as it is

usually outside the

scope of the

architect's or

engineer's services or

would constitute

severe risk exposure

if such parties are not

adequately insured.

LOD 500 The final level of

development

represents the project

as it has been

constructed - the as-

built conditions. The

model is suitable for

maintenance and

operations of the

facility.

The requirements for

a LOD500 model

should be driven by

Lifecycle Applications,

and could actually

have less detail than

a LOD 400 model.

Emerging Trends Intelligent Content

Emerging Trends Assembly Drawings

Emerging Trends Assembly Drawings

Emerging Trends BIM on the Job Site

• Testing, quality control, document management

• Safety

• Handover Model

Emerging Trends Monitor & Direct Field Work – Field BIM

Emerging Trends Energy Efficient Modeling

Source: USA Today

http://content.usatoday.com/communities/greenhouse/post/2010/11/green-building-council-one-billion-square-feet-/1

Source: Mcgraw Hill SmartMarket Report

Water Usage & Costs

Carbon (GHG)

Photovoltaic Potential

Power Sources

Energy Costs

LEED Daylight

Wind Energy Potential

Natural Ventilation Potential

Emerging Trends Energy Efficient Modeling

• Conceptual early analysis solution

• Site and Campus analysis

• Whole or partial building analysis

• Environmental Analysis

• Analyze Energy Efficiency

• Powerful visual feedback

• Real-Time interaction with data

• Facilitates LEED compliance

Solar Radiation

Shadows and Reflections Shading Design

Right to Light

Thermal

Daylighting

Emerging Trends Energy Efficient Modeling

Emerging Trends Computational Fluid Dynamics - CFD

• Enables study of fluid flow, heat transfer,

and contaminant migration • Evaluate alternative material thermal

performance

• Predict pressure drop through valves

• Improve flow and thermal management of

industrial equipment

• Predict and optimize pump performance

• Visualize thermal comfort

• Evaluate data center cooling

• Study the effect of solar loading

Smoke Migration

Maximize Cooling Air Usage

Water Management

As-Built Optimized Retrofit Design

Energy Audits: Retrofit/Redesign for Energy Savings Lab Spaces, Clean Rooms, Commercial Spaces

Emerging Trends Computational Fluid Dynamics - CFD

Interior Ventilation and Thermal Comfort: Offices, atria, performance halls, museums, dining spaces

Original Ceiling Diffuser Design

Revision With Slot Diffusers/ Radiant Panels

Emerging Trends Computational Fluid Dynamics - CFD

• Over 60% of water quality problems linked

to stormwater runoff

• Can cause or lead to human health

impacts

• Regulations becoming more strict for post-

construction conditions

Building 1

Building 2

Option 1 Civil Plan Option 2 Civil Plan

Building 1

Building 2

Concrete

parking

dividers

Grassy

swales

Detentio

n

pond

Pre-development

Option 2

Option 1

Emerging Trends Stormwater Management

GPS Machine Guidance is becoming mainstream:

Reduce weeks of work down to days

Limit rework by 70%

Fine grading, reducing number of passes

Providing clients with more accurate product

Emerging Trends Machine Controlled Grading

Emerging Trends Condition Capture

Emerging Trends Existing Condition Comparison

Project Photofly - Automating Photogrammetry

Internet

Photos Photo Scene Editor

on PC Project Photofly Servers Photos (jpg or tif)

Photo scene (rzi)

RZI

A Technology Preview from Autodesk Labs http://labs.autodesk.com/utilities/photo_scene_editor/

Emerging Trends Existing Condition Capture

Project Photofly - Automating Photogrammetry

A Technology Preview from Autodesk Labs http://labs.autodesk.com/utilities/photo_scene_editor/

Emerging Trends Existing Condition Capture

Emerging Trends Vision Based Augmented Reality

Reality/

Video Image

Virtual Reality/

Computer Graphics

Augmented

Reality

Emerging Trends Vision Based Augmented Reality

Emerging Trends Vision Based Augmented Reality

Emerging Trends Pedestrian Simulation

Traditionally urban space design has always

favored vehicle movement over pedestrian or crowd

movement.

Pedestrians Now A Primary Mode of Transport

Emerging Trends Workforce Mobilization

ROI - WHY is this so Difficult? • Contract type

• Project goals

• Project Complexity

• Level of Expertise

• Owner

• Workflow

• Trust

• Team chemistry

• Hardware

• Connectivity

• Investment by one party – benefit to another

Project Communications Assumptions

& Project Budget

Software may be specified here

ROI Calculator • 2.5 hour Workshop

• Establishes:

• YOUR Return on

• YOUR Investment on

• YOUR project with

• YOUR Subjective

Input

Who Realizes the Savings

Output

$-

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

$600,000

$700,000

$800,000

$900,000

Savings by Phase

Ser…

Output – Who Wins

What…and Why?

Measuring the Impact of Rework on

Construction Cost Performance

• Bon-Gang Hwang1; Stephen R. Thomas, M.ASCE2; Carl T. Haas, M.ASCE3;

and

• Carlos H. Caldas, M.ASCE4

• Abstract: Rework continues to affect both cost and schedule performance

throughout the construction industry. The direct costs alone often tally to

5% of the total construction costs. Using the data obtained from 359

construction projects in the Construction Industry Institute database, this

paper assesses the impacts of rework on construction cost performance

for projects in various categories

This concludes The American Institute of Architects

Continuing Education Program

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