stopping time with images. persistence of vision
TRANSCRIPT
Stopping Time with Images
Persistence of Vision
Thaumatrope● Developed by Fitton
in 1825● Two sided object
rapidly flipped from one side to the other causing images to fuse
Early Photographic Systems● Pohtography involved
mixing and applying chemicals, some light-sensitive
● 5 seconds – 20 minutes of exposure
● Instantaneous is under ½ second in 1868
Leland Stanford● California
businessman, lawyer, and governor
● Founded Stanford University
● First president of the Central Pacific Railroad
● Horse enthusiast
How do Horses Run?● Common belief that horse always had at least
one hoof on the ground at all times● Much debate and Stanford wanted definitive
proof● Does a running horse ever have all legs off
the ground?
Eadweard Muybridge● Born in England in 1830● Pre-eminent Photographer
of California Landscapes● Took up Stanford's
challenge ● Initial results in 1872● Shot wife's lover point blank
and was later acquitted● Satisfactory results in 1878
Experiment● 12 Cameras
● 22 inches apart
● Bright sunny day
● White screen behing horse
● Sheets on track
Experiment● Gravity driven
shutter, activated by pin connected to string streched across track
● 1/1000th of a second exposure times
Results
Results
Zoopraxiscope● Invented by Muybridge
in 1879 to show his image sequences
● Never a commercial success
Zoopraxiscope
Phenakistoscope
Zoetrope
International Acclaim● Muybridge continues work on animals and
athletes, publishing in 1881● Stanford scheduled to presents results in
Paris in 188, but Muybridge does instead● Muybridge recieves international fame and
reputation● He and Stanford have a falling-out
Motion Studies● Moved to U of Pennsylvania in 1884● Many studies of people and animals● Published results in a book
– 781 Plates
– Animal Locomotion: An Electrophotographic Investigation of Consecutive Phases of Animal Movements, 1872-1885.
Results
Results
Muybridge Motion Studies● http://photo.ucr.edu/photographers/
muybridge/contents.html
Harold ''Doc'' Edgerton● 1903-1990
● Professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology
● Developed stroboscopic photography in 1931
Harold ''Doc'' Edgerton● Kicking a football
– 1934 and 1938
Making Applesauce
.30 Bullet Piercing an Apple, 1964 A microsecond exposure of a bullet travelling 2800 feet per second.
Edgerton
Dove release, 1965
Edgerton
Edgerton