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Stopping distances for Stopping distances for carscars

Know your speed limits – fill in the missing speeds

Built up area

Single lane highway

Dual two-lane highway

Dual carriageway is

ending

Expressway

Stopping distances

Thinking distance is the distance a car travels before the brakes are applied.

Braking distance is the distance a car travels whilst the brakes are being applied.

Stopping distance = thinking distance + braking distance

Stopping distance

Braking distance

Thinking distance

How long does it take a moving vehicle to stop?

The stopping distance is the sum of the thinking distance and the braking distance.

Braking distance

The distance the car travels The distance the car travels during its deceleration, whilst during its deceleration, whilst the brakes are being appliedthe brakes are being applied

The distance the car travels in the split second between a hazard

appearing and the driver applying the brakes

Thinking distanceThinking distance

The total stopping distance = thinking distance + breaking

distance

30mph

9m + 14m = 6 car lengths

50mph

15m + 38m = 13 car lengths

70mph21m + 75m = 24 car lengths

Thinking distanceThinking distanceIt is affected by 3 main things:1. How fast you are going2. Being wide awake – drugs,

tiredness, alcohol, carelessness and old age.

3. Visibility – rain, oncoming lights, fog and the night.

Braking distance

It is affected by 4 main factors:

1. How fast you are going

2. The mass (or load) of the vehicle

3. If the car is poorly maintained – brakes and tyres (groves in tyres – 1.6mm deep)

4. The grip of the road surface – on a wet road you can skid twice as long

Why is this illegal?How will this affect your stopping

distance?

Bald tyres make stopping distances shorter on dry roads, Why

A bald tyre has more contact on the road and therefore more friction!

What about aquaplaning ?

• On a wet road, tyre treads channel water out from between the tyre and the road

Removing the water away from the tyre and the road

What about aquaplaning ?

• Bald tyres allow a thin layer of water to stay between the tyre and the road, reducing friction

Why do racing drivers change their tyres when it is wet?

Can you match up the words with their definitions?

Stopping distance

Friction

Thinking distance

Braking distance

One of forces the road exerts on the tyres as the car is stopping.

The distance a car travels whilst it is braking.

The distance a car travels before the brakes are applied.

The sum of thinking distance and the braking distance.

What factors affect braking and thinking distance?

Thinking distance Braking distance

Speed of car

Speed of car Speed of car

Road conditions

Drugs and alcohol

Tiredness

Medication

Condition of tyres

Condition of brakes

Stopping a car…

Braking distance

Too much alcohol

Thinking distance

Tiredness

Too many drugs

Wet roads

Driving too fast

Tyres/brakes worn out

Icy roads

Poor visibility

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