STOMACH (GASTRIC) CANCER

SYMPTOMS | DIAGNOSIS | TREATMENT

WHAT IS STOMACH CANCER ??

• Stomach cancer, also called gastric cancer, begins when cells on the inside lining of the stomach (adenocarcinoma) become abnormal and grow hysterically.

• Stomach cancers are classified according to the type of tissue from which they originate.

• The most common forms of stomach cancer include adenocarcinoma, lymphomas and sarcomas. 

The precise cause of stomach cancer is not clear, but various medical conditions can increase the risk, including:

• Smoking• Obesity• A diet rich in smoked, pickled, or salty foods• Stomach surgery for an ulcer• Certain genes• Working in coal, metal, timber, or rubber

industries

Stomach cancer is often seen in people over age 55, and affects men more than women

CAUSES OF STOMACH CANCER ??

SYMPTOMS RELATED TO STOMACH CANCER

Stomach cancer is usually not detected early because it often does not cause specific symptoms. However, when they do occur, they may include: 

• Indigestion or heartburn• Pain or discomfort in the abdomen• Nausea and vomiting, particularly vomiting up

solid food shortly after eating• Diarrhea or constipation• Bloating of the stomach after meals

CONTINUE : SYMPTOMS RELATED TO STOMACH CANCER• Loss of appetite• Sensation of food getting stuck in the throat

while eating• Weakness and fatigue• Vomiting blood or having blood in the stool• Unexplained weight loss• Trouble swallowing• Gastric adenomas• Helicobacter pylori infection• Tobacco smoking

TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS FOR STOMACH CANCER

• Blood tests to look for disease-causing substances in the blood and complete blood count to determine the number of red blood cells.

• X-rays of the esophagus and stomach which helps the doctor find tumors or other abnormal areas.

• Fecal occult blood test to look for blood in the stool

• Gastroscopy test examines the esophagus and stomach using a thin, lighted instrument called a gastroscope, which is passed through the mouth down to the stomach. This helps the doctor look at the inside of the stomach.

• CT scans, MRI are also performed that provide detailed images of the organs.

TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR STOMACH CANCER 

• Surgery: The aim of the surgery is to remove all of the stomach cancer and some healthy tissues, when possible. Options include: A.Removing early-stage tumors from the stomach lining B.Removing a portion of the stomach known as subtotal gastrectomy C.Removing the entire stomach known as total gastrectomy D.Removing lymph nodes to look for cancer e.Surgery to relieve signs and symptoms

• Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy can be used before surgery to shrink a stomach tumor so that it's easily removed. The therapy uses high-powered beams of energy, such as X-rays, to execute cancer cells.

• Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is a drug treatment that uses chemicals to kill cancer cells. It can be given before surgery to help shrink a tumor for easy removal. Chemotherapy is often used in combination with radiation therapy.

• Targeted therapy: This type of therapy uses drugs that attack specific irregularities within cancer cells.

TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR STOMACH CANCER 

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