Stirling engine

at Landfill site

Multi fuel evaluation of HiTAC burner

in Stirling based CHP

August 2014

© 2014 Cleanergy AB. All rights reserved. 22

World’s leading supplier of sustainable

Stirling energy solutions:

- solar parks

- landfill gas

- biogas

- natural gas

Cost competitiveness per produced kWh

below grid parity

Made in Sweden

Turn solar energy and gas resources from

Norway to Inner Mongolia, from Dubai to

the UK, into heat and power generation

assets

Employs ~75 fulltime personnel (with 25

in R&D) at present with a focus on

continued R&D and business development

Attracting qualified investors has

enabled Cleanergy to raise approximately

€ 43 million to date

UDDEVALLA

Medium volume site

20,000 units/year

ÅMÅL

Low volume site

2,500 units/year

GOTHENBURG

Head office

SWEDEN

CHINA

(PLANNED)

High volume site

> 50,000 units/year

BEIJING

Sales office

Cleanergy: A Swedish company serving a large international market

DUBAI

Commercial

demonstration units

STOCKHOLM

Sales office

Offering two sustainable energy solutions

© 2014 Cleanergy AB. All rights reserved. 3

Stirling technology,

reinvented

© 2014 Cleanergy AB. All rights reserved. 4

Since 1816 powered a wide range of applications

Originally water pumps and domestic purposes

At present a wide range of applications from

submarines to cryocoolers.

At the heart ONE Stirling engine powered by

either solar or gas with unrivalled

reliability and long service intervals

Cleanergy and its partners offer turn-

key energy solutions including planning,

design, installation, operations &

maintenance

Cleanergy:

Over 25 years accumulated experience in

development of the Striling engine

Amassed a unique understanding of know how

and know why providing a valuable time to

market advantage

Perfecting design, manufacturing and

deployment of Stirling technology for

sustainable energy generation

© 2014 Cleanergy AB. All rights reserved. 5

Cleanergy’s CHP System - turns

low grade landfill gas into

electricity and heat

Cleanergy's unique CHP system

produces electricity and heat

from low grade methane gas at

levels down to 18% concentration

Electricity and heat lifespan of

landfills thereby extended by 15-

40 years

With a 3-5 year average ROI,

Cleanergy’s CHP engine helps

landfills turn wasted energy into

profit

Over 10 years accumulated

operational time in Landfill

installations

The British governmental body

“Environment Agency” has

estimated that there are 1,300

closed landfills in the UK alone,

each estimated to require 2-10

Stirling engines, represents a €M

100-500 revenue potential

Solutions for landfill COMPETITIVE

ADVANTAGES:Cleanergy Stirling

CHP Systems™

Landfill gas segment rapidly evolving given dormant source of energy

© 2014 Cleanergy AB. All rights reserved. 6

Selected appointed distributorsServed markets Q2 2014

Existing distribution

channels:

Sweden, Norway & Finland

(direct sales)

Czech Republic

Denmark

Baltics

Germany

France

Poland

Slovakia

Slovenia

UK

USA

Distributor signed

Distributor

negotiation initiated

Cleanergy direct

sales

Markets to be

developed

Cleanergy Gas Installations

26 000 h (2 units)

25 000 h (5 units)

5 000 h (2 units)

7 000 h (2 units)

What have the present installations taught us -

What do we need to address?

02/09/2014© 2014 Cleanergy AB. All rights reserved. 7

• How to handle variations in gas composition?

• Engine control combined with gas collection systems?

• How to increase efficiency?

• How to improve life expectancy of critical parts?

• Gas composition and quality limits?

Cleanergy Combustor - Combustion at MILD Conditions (Moderate or Intense Low oxygen Dilution)

Main principals:

High degree of air preheat 900 – 1200 K

High degree of Combustion Gas/heat Recirculation (CGR)

1100-1400 K

Main benefits:

Highly energy efficient – typically 70% compared to 35-40% for conventional combustion

Low NOx & CO emissions

Low noise levels

MILD Flame

8

Gas flows:

Green: Fuel Gas

Blue: Incoming Air

(pre heated)

Red: Combustion gases

Orange: (CGR / EGR)

Combustion simulation – A multi stage approach

02/09/2014© 2014 Cleanergy AB. All rights reserved. 9

• Simulation methods (Increasing complexity):

1. 0D / 1D reaction evaluation – Ideal, turbulent, adiabatic, constant pressure (tresidence)

2. Multi step reaction evaluation - Mixing and chemical reactions occur simultaneously (tresidence & tmix)

3. Global reaction schemes for CFD (Reduction & Optimization)

4. 3D CFD combustion simulation

• Validation – Combining Simulation, Test & Data analysis

* CFD – Computational Fluid Dynamics

Validation – Tying together simulation with reality

02/09/2014© 2014 Cleanergy AB. All rights reserved. 10

• Test data - State-of-the-art testing facilities

• Installation data - Pilot plant remote monitoring

• Statistical evaluation

“Kaizen” - Continued Combustor development

Development goals:

• Increased combustion efficiency

• Increased Power output

• Capability to utilize gas with Ultra-low

Methane levels

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Research based development - Cleanergy’s involvement in research projects

Swedish projects:

• Vinnova (www.vinnova.se) - “Study of emissions in combustion of landfill gas with varying content” -

GRANTED

• SGC (www.sgc.se) – “New technologies for combustion of low grade gas from landfills or gasification with low

emissions” – GRANTED

• STEM (www.energimyndigheten.se) – “Electricity & Fuel from the Sun” – GRANTED

EU projects:

• BIOStirling-4SKA –” A cost effective and efficient approach for a new generation of solar dish-Stirling plants

based on storage and hybridization” – In progress

• H2020, SME Instruments – “Useful energy from contaminated landfill gas, USELA” – Pending Approval

• FORTISSIMO project – “Cloud-based HPC tools for Virtual Combustion Optimization” – Pending Approval

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STIRLING

REVOLUTIONS

WWW.CLEANERGY.COM

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