stimulus packages
TRANSCRIPT
E c o n o m ic S t im u lu s M e a s u r e s Ta k e n O n
A c c o u n t o f G lo b a l F in a n c ia l C r is is
Causes
Sustained period of careless lending
Not following prudential norms
Over inflated assets
Price collapse
Liquidity crisis or credit crunch
Its effects Loss of jobs
Increase in loan rates
Lack of funds
Loss of production
Real estate prices
More inflation
General confidence is down
Stimulus packages of important countries
United States
•$700 billion rescue plan (under Bush Govt, more has been given now)
•US Treasury will get this amount in three stages
EU
•$260 billion bailout
•1.5% of GDP
•$30 billion package from UK.
•Reduction in value added taxes from 17.5% to 15%
Contd ...
Japan
•Spending increase of 6.6% from next fiscal year
•This amounts to $990.9 billion
China
•About 570 billion U.S. dollars
•To finance major projects
•Low-income housing, rural infrastructure and
transportation
WHY FISCAL STIMULUS ?
The Current Global Crisis has created an international slump, it is only the domestic demand that can keep the business going. Fortunately, India with its 1.1 billion people can keep this demand afloat. All they need is the purchasing power which the Government is trying to do by pumping in funds into the system.
So, The demand could be boosted by enhancing the components of Aggregate Demand(AD).
AD = C + I + G + (X -M )
Fiscal Stimulus Measures
• Plan, non-plan expenditure of Rs.300,000 crore in four months.
• Parliament nod to be sought for Rs.20,000 crore more toward plan expenditure.
• Interest subvention of two percent on export credit for labour intensive sectors.
• Additional allocations for export incentive schemes.
CONTD……
• Norms for government departments to replace vehicles relaxed.
• Import duty on naphtha for use by the power sector is being reduced to zero.
• Export duty on iron ore fines eliminated.Export duty on lumps for steel industry reduced to five percent.
FISCAL MEASURES
• Full refund of service tax paid by exporters to foreign agents
• Incentives for loans on housing for up to Rs.500,000, and up to Rs.2 million
• Across-the-board cut of four percent in the ad valorem central value-added tax
Contd…
• India Infrastructure Finance Co allowed to raise Rs.100 billion through tax-free bonds.
• Limits under the credit guarantee scheme for small enterprises doubled from Rs. 50 lakh to Rs.1 crore.
• Lock-in period for loans to small firms under credit guarantee scheme reduced from 24 months to 18 months.
Monetary tools….
Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)
under Section 42 of the RBI Act, 1934.
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)
under Section 24 of the Banking
Regulation Act, 1949.
Cash Reserve Ratio(CRR)
• General CRR
In terms of Section 42(1) of the RBI Act
1934
Range 3% to 20%
• Incremental CRR
In terms of Section 42(1A) of RBI Act,
1934
Implications
RBI reduces the CRR to 5.5%
the liquidity holding of the banks.
the lending power of the banks.
the private investment.
the purchasing power.
output and demand in the economy.
Statutory Liquidity Ratio(SLR)
SLR reserves in
a) in cash, or
b) in gold valued at a price not exceeding
the current market price,
c) in unencumbered approved securities
valued at a price as specified by the RBI
from time to time.
RBI reduces the SLR to 24%
To increase the bank’s leverage position to pump up more
money in the economy
To enable the banks to lend MFs facing the redemption
pressure
To reduce the call rates
To reduce the PLR
To reduce the home and personal loan interest rates
Implications