steroidal platinum complexes
DESCRIPTION
STEROIDAL PLATINUM COMPLEXES. MIROSLAV KVASNICA. DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINAL STEROIDS INSTITUTE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC. WHY PLATINUM ???. 1. Diversity of possible complexes. cisplatin. carboplatin. oxaliplatin. satraplatin. iproplatin. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
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O
O
HO
STEROIDAL PLATINUM COMPLEXES
DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINAL STEROIDS
INSTITUTE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC
MIROSLAV KVASNICA
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
WHY PLATINUM ???
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
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HO
1. Diversity of possible complexes
PtH3N NH3
Cl Cl
cisplatin
PtO NH3
O NH3
O
Ocarboplatin
Pt
NH2
H2NO
O
O
O
oxaliplatin
PtHO OH
Cl Cl
NH2
NH2
iproplatin
PtH3N Cl
NH2
Cl
OH
OH
satraplatin
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
2. Using of platinum complexes
treatment of solid malignacies
(small cell lung cancer, ovarian and testicular cancer, epidermoid carcinomas of the head and neck, cancer of breast, uterus, and cervix)
Exhibits a wide spectrum of antitumour activity against drug-resistant as well as drug sensitive tumours
Shows activity against slow-growing tumour as well as rapidly-growing tumours
Shows no strain or species specificity
Exhibits activity against viral-induced and chemical-induced tumours
Affects both solid and disseminated tumours
Advantages of cisplatin
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
3. Mechanism of actioninside the cell: PtII(NH3)2Cl2 + H2O → [PtII(NH3)2Cl(H2O)]+ + Cl-
[PtII(NH3)2Cl(H2O)]+ + H2O → [PtII(NH3)2(H2O)2]2+
Pil, P., Lippard, S. J. In Encyclopedia of Cancer, J. R. Bertino, Ed. Academic Press: San Diego, CA, 1997, Vol. 1, pp. 392-410.
HO
COOHH
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OH
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O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
4. Drawbacks of cisplatin
toxicity
(nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, nausea and vomitting, ototoxicity, alopecia,
electrolyte disturbance, dermatitis)
drug resistance
* limit the formation of lethal platinum-DNA adducts
* enable and enhance DNA repair (NER)
* enable cells to tolerate platinum-DNA damage once it occurs
* enhance intracellular detoxification such as the glutathione
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H
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O
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WHY STEROID ???
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
1. Diversity of possible structureO
HOHO
H
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
estronecholesterol
cholic acid
OH
O
testosterone
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
2. Afinity to cell receptors
androgen receptor
estrogen receptor
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
Reagents as possible ligands
1) Diamine complexes
H2N NH2 N NH2N NH2
HN
COOH
N
COOH
NH2
2) Dicarboxylic complexes
COOHHOOC
R
R = H, NH2, Br
3) Other reagentsOH
OH
S COOH
NH2
OH
OHN
OO
Pt
O PPh3
PPh3
OH
HO
N
PtN
O
O
O
O
O
O
H2NPt
NH3
NH3
Cl
Cl
OH OH
NH6
PtN
ClCl
OH
HO
HO
N
S
S
Pt Cl
Cl
HO
NH2
H2N
PtCl
Cl
Published complexes
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
Synthesis of steroidal amino acid complexes
(i) Boc-L-Met, DCC/benzene; (ii) TFA/CH2Cl2; (iii) K2[PtCl4]/DMF, H2O;
(iv) (Boc)2-L-His, DCC/benzene.
Kvasnica M., Budesinsky M., Swaczynova J., Pouzar V., Kohout L.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. 16 (2008) 3704–3713
HO O
O
NHBoc
O
O
NH2S SO
O
SPt
NH2
Cl Cl
HO O
O
N NHBocBocN
O
O
N NH2HN
O
O
N NH2HN
PtCl Cl
a b c
d e f
(i) (ii) (iii)
(iv) (ii) (iii)
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
RO
H
RO
H
RO
O
O
RO
O
H
H
RO
O OR
O RO
OR
1, R = H1a, R = (Boc)-L-Met1b, R = L-Met1c, R = L-Met-PtCl21d, R = (Boc)2-L-His1e, R = L-His1f, R = L-His-PtCl2
2, R = H2a, R = (Boc)-L-Met2b, R = L-Met2c, R = L-Met-PtCl22d, R = (Boc)2-L-His2e, R = L-His2f, R = L-His-PtCl2
3, R = H3a, R = (Boc)-L-Met3b, R = L-Met3c, R = L-Met-PtCl23d, R = (Boc)2-L-His3e, R = L-His3f, R = L-His-PtCl2
4, R = H4a, R = (Boc)-L-Met4b, R = L-Met4c, R = L-Met-PtCl24d, R = (Boc)2-L-His4e, R = L-His4f, R = L-His-PtCl2
5, R = H5a, R = (Boc)-L-Met5b, R = L-Met5c, R = L-Met-PtCl2
6, R = H6a, R = (Boc)-L-Met6b, R = L-Met6c, R = L-Met-PtCl2
7, R = H7a, R = (Boc)-L-Met7b, R = L-Met7c, R = L-Met-PtCl2
Kvasnica M., Budesinsky M., Swaczynova J., Pouzar V., Kohout L.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. 16 (2008) 3704–3713
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
TCS50 (μmol/L) values for complexes 1c-7c and 1f-4f obtained from the Calcein AM assays with the tested cancer and normal cell lines; means ± SD obtained from three independent experiments performed in triplicate.
cell lines (TCS50, μmol/L)
Compound CEM MCF 7 RPMI 8226 A 549 BJ
1c >50 >50 >50 >50 >50
1f >50 >50 >50 >50 >50
2c >50 >50 >50 >50 >50
2f 49.5±0.4 >50 >50 >50 >50
3c 15.5±4.2 44.6±2.6 10.8±2.0 >50 >50
3f 41.8±3.3 >50 46.2±0.5 >50 >50
4c 8.1±3.1 >50 22.2±4.1 43.1±5.6 >50
4f 13.5±1.8 >50 27.4±5.1 >50 >50
5c 14.5±1.2 >50 13.3±2.8 >50 >50
6c 10.1±0.5 >50 46.4±2.9 >50 >50
7c 45.1 >50 47.1 >50 >50
cisplatin 1.6±0.5 9.2±1.4 2.4±0.6 42.4±0.4 5.1±0.2
CEM – T-lymphoblastic leukaemia A549 – human lung adenocarcinoma
MCF7 – human breast adenocarcinoma BJ – human fibroblast
RPMI 8226 – human myeloma
Kvasnica M., Budesinsky M., Swaczynova J., Pouzar V., Kohout L.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. 16 (2008) 3704–3713
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
Synthesis of steroidal diamino complexes
(i) Br(CH2)xBr, NaOH/THF, H2O; (ii) 2-(aminomethyl) or 2-(aminoethyl)pyridine/EtOH;
(iii) K2[PtCl4]/DMF, H2O.
HO
(i)
O
O
O
Br x O
O
NH
x
Ny
(ii)
x = 2, 3, 4, 5 x = 2, 3, 4, 5
y = 1, 2
O
O
HN x
(iii)
x = 2, 3, 4, 5
y = 1, 2
N Pt
y
Cl
Cl
HO
(i)
OH
O
OH
Br x O
OH
NH
x
Ny
(ii)
x = 2, 3, 4, 5 x = 2, 3, 4, 5
y = 1, 2
O
OH
HN x
(iii)
x = 2, 3, 4, 5
y = 1, 2
N Pt
y
Cl
Cl
BJ CEM U2OS MCF7(ER+) MCF7 AL(ER+)BT474 (ER+) BT549(ER-) MDA-MB(ER-)MK 81 6.6±0.3 2.4±0.1 9.3±1.0 2.3
MK 97 7.5±0.4 3.0±0.1 13.8±1.1 13.2±3.8 24.7±0.8 12.0±1.7 7.5±1.0 45.1±6.2MK 107 6.6±0.2 2.7±0.4 7.3±0.0 9.7±1.4 15.6±6.2 8.0±0.1 7.4±1.0 22.7±4.4MK 116 9.6±3.9 2.2±0.1 7.5±0.9 9.7±2.0 11.4±4.2 10.1±2.8 6.7±0.8 13.9±1.6MK 85 6.8±0.6 2.5±0.2 7.9±0.8 2.3
MK 98 2.4±0.3 1.7±0.6 5.2±0.4 2.9±0.6 6.0±1.1 3.5±0.1 2.6±0.3 4.0±1.0MK 108 3.1±0.6 1.9±0.3 4.9±0.7 4.2±1.0 6.3±0.9 4.3±0.7 3.9±0.4 5.1±0.5MK 117 2.5±0.1 1.2±0.1 3.0±0.3 3.4±0.6 5.0±1.0 3.1±0.0 2.5±0.3 3.4±1.0MK 89 7.5±0.5 4.3±1.1 23.5±4.9 4.4
MK 101 7.0±3.5 4.9±1.6 8.1±1.6 10.5±2.9 20.9±6.4 14.6±7.1 8.6±1.9 40.1±1.5MK 112 7.6±2.9 3.4±1.5 8.4±0.6 14.8±1.2 30.4±3.5 13.3±6.5 8.5±2.2 31.7±10.8MK 121 9.5±2.9 2.7±0.7 14.7±0.0 10.5±1.5 24.5±15.4 10.0±7.3 7.5±0.6 42.8±0.5MK 90 7.4±0.7 2.2±0 7.1±0.1 3.4
MK 104 3.2±0.2 1.8±0.4 6.3±0.5 4.1±0.9 6.9±0.6 5.0±1.1 3.4±0.1 6.9±0.6MK 113 4.2±1.8 2.0±0.1 7.5±0.6 5.6±1.8 7.2±0.6 3.7±1.1 2.7±0.1 10.5±3.7MK 122 3.0±0.6 1.9±0.2 4.3±1.3 5.0±0.5 5.1±1.3 4.5±1.6 3.3±0.1 13.4±0.6
ESTRADIOL >50 25.2±6.4 32.4±1.6 >50 >50 45.7±3.7 48.4±2.3 21.2±0.3ESTRON >50 35.7±9.7 >50 >50 >50 >50 >50 41.9±4.6
estradiols with 6-membered ring
estrones with 5-membered ring
estrones with 6-membered ring
estradiols with 5-membered ring
BJ – human fibroblast
CEM – T-lymphoblastic leukaemia
U2OS – human osteosarcoma
MCF7, BT474, BT549, MDA-MB - human breast adenocarcinoma
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
Synthesis of steroidal dicarboxylato complexes I
COOHR3
R2R1
H
(i)
R3
R2R1
H
(ii)
CONHR3
R2R1
H
(iii)
COOEt
COOEt
O
O
NO O
CONHR3
R2R1
H OPt
OO
O
NH3
NH3
(i) TSTU, TEA/DMF; (ii) diethyl aminomalonate/DMF;(iii) a) Ba(OH)2/EtOH,H2O
b)[(NH3)2Pt(H2O)2]SO4/EtOH, H2O
R1, R2, R3 = OH – cholic; R1, R2 = OH, R3 = H – chenodeoxycholic; R1, R3 = OH, R2 = H – deoxycholic; R1 = OH, R2, R3 = H – lithocholic; R1, R2, R3 = H – cholanic
1) K2[PtCl4] + 4 KI → K2[PtI4] + 4 KCl
2) K2[PtI4] + 2 NH3 → (NH3)2PtI2 + 2 KI
3) (NH3)2PtI2 + Ag2SO4 → [(NH3)2Pt(H2O)2]SO4 + AgI
4) [(NH3)2Pt(H2O)2]SO4 + BaX → (NH3)2PtX + BaSO4
Synthesis of platinum reagents for dicarboxylato complexes
Synthesis of cisplatin
Source: wikipedia
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
Synthesis of steroidal dicarboxylato complexes II
1) Knoevenagel condensation
O
H
CH2(CO2Me)2, TiCl4
pyridine, THF
H
MeO2C
CO2Me
75 %
H
MeO2C
CO2Me
10 %
HH
H
O
H
H
10 %H
H
CH2(CO2Me)2, TiCl4
pyridine, THF
25 %MeOMeO
O CO2MeMeO2C
2) Substitution of tosylates
TosO
H
NaCH(CO2Me)2,
toluene
H
MeO2C
CO2Me
86 %
HH
NaCH(CO2Me)2
xylene
MeO
OTos
no reaction
O
HO
NH2
Pt
H2N
HO
Cl
Cl
HO
NH2
Pt
H2N
Cl
Cl
Platinum in steroidal skeleton
HO
COOHH
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
H
OH
O
O
HO
Thank you for your attention.