sternberg theory

8/12/2019 Sternberg theory

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If IQ rules, it is only because we let it. And

when we let it rule, we choose a bad master.

We got ourselves into the test mess; we can

get ourselves out of it.

-Robert J. Sternberg


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Starting from his own bad experiencewith traditional IQ measurements,Robert J. Sternberg- a prominent

figure in the research of humanintelligence, developed an alternativeintelligence model, comprising threeelements of thinking processes kept

in balance by metacognition.


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Sternbergsdefinition of human intelligence is

mental activity directed toward purposiveadaptation to, selection and shaping of, real-world

environments relevant to oneslife


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His triarchic theory includes three facets

or subtheories:

Analytical (componential)

Creative (experiential)

Practical (contextual)


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1.Analytical (componential) Facet (or

Subtheory)

-is influential in being able to take apart

problems and being able to see solutions not

often seen.


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Sternberg gave the example of a student, Alice,

who had excellent test scores and grades, and

teachers viewed her as extremely smart. Alicewas later seen having trouble in graduate school

because she was not adept at creating ideas of

her own (Sternberg, 1997).


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Metacomponents

-control, monitor and evaluate cognitive processing.

Performance Components

- execute strategies assembled by theMetacomponents. They are the basic operations

involved in any cognitive act.

Knowledge acquisition components-are the processes used in gaining and storing

new knowledge


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2. Creative (experiential) Facet (orSubtheory)

-deals mainly with how well a task

is performed with regard to how

familiar it is.


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Novelty

-situation that you have never

experienced before

automation

-has beenperformed multiple times and can

now be done with little or no extra thought.


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Sternberg also associated another one of his

students, Barbara, to the synthetic

giftedness. Barbara did not perform as well as

Alice on the tests taken to get into school, but

was recommended to Yale Universitybased onher exceptional creative and intuitive skills.

Barbara was later very valuable in creating

new ideas for research (Sternberg, 1997).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yale_University


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3. Practical (contextual) Facet (or Subtheory)

-deals with the mental activity involved in

attaining fit to

context . This type of

intelligence is often referred to as "street

smarts."
http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/contexthttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/context


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Adaptation

-occurs when one makes a change within oneselfin order to better adjust to ones surroundings

Shaping

-occurs when one changes their environment tobetter suit ones needs

selection

-replace the previous, unsatisfying undertakenwhen a completely new alternate environment is

found environment to meet the individuals goals
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptation


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An example of this type of giftedness is "Celia".

Celia did not have outstanding analytical orsynthetic abilities, but she was highly successful

in figuring out what she needed to do in order

to succeed in an academic environment. She

knew what kind of research was valued, how to

get articles into journals, how to impress people

at job interviews, and the like (Sternberg, 1997,

p.44). Celias contextual intelligence allowed herto use these skills to her best advantage.


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Analytical thinkingwhich focuses on planning,

monitoring, reflection, and transfer.

Creative thinkingwhich focuses on developing,

applying new ideas, and creating solutions.

Practical thinkingwhich focuses on selecting and

shaping real-world environments and experiences.


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The Analyzerfares well in academicenvironments, but isn't likely to make a

creative contribution to the field.

The Creatorgenerates ideas easily, but

is unable to analyze these ideas or to put

them into practice.

The Practitioneris persuasive and

maybe entertaining, but lacks substancein thinking


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The Analytical Creatoris able toanalyze created ideas, but doesn't

easily communicate these ideas to

others

The Analytical Practitionersucceeds in

conventional terms because high IQ is

translated into practical work, but he isunlikely to make a lasting contribution.


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The Creative Practitionerhas the ability to

come up with new ideas and can persuadeother people of the value of these ideas,

regardless whether those ideas are worth it

or not.The Consummate Balanceris able to apply

all of the three intelligences as needed, and

is therefore in the best position to make avaluable contribution to society.


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sternberg theory

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