S T E PSolar Technology for Energy Production

Hafiz Talha C.E.O Tayyab Ali Executive Member Khurram Shahzad Executive Member H.M.Sajid Iqbal Executive Member Naveed Sattar Executive Member Moneeb Mustafa Executive Member

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Energy crises in Pakistan

what are the solutions?

Why we use solar energy?

Electricity Rates

Pakistan is sunshine state

Introduction to solar Energy

What is a Photovoltaic Cell?

Types of PV

Basic parts of PV solar system

What is Solar thermal?

Solar plants all over the world.

Solar in Pakistan at present

Domestic and Agriculture

Packages

Future Plans

Contents

Energy Crisis in Pakistan

The shortfall of electricity has reached 3220 mega watt (MW), while electricity

production has remained 9630 MW.

Due to the increasing shortfall, the unannounced load-shedding hours have increased manifold.

In urban areas people face 6 to 8 hours load-shedding while in rural areas the power supply cut has reached more than 10 to 14 hours. (increase in Peak demand season)

The current demand of electricity is 12,850 MW, while hydro power production is 2820 MW; thermal resources produce 1800 MW; production through independent power producers (IIPs) is 5030 MW, which amounts total production of 9630 MW

Solutions???Hydro power plant+ No need to burn fuel + Environment friendly- Costly- Less availability of water- Install far away from load center- High transmission cost and losses

Fossil fuels- Very costly- Maintenance cost - Harm full for your environment

Nuclear power plant+ High energy source+ One time investment+ Long life- Costly - Dangerous due to radiation- Radioactive waste

Solar power + No need to burn fuel+ One time investment + long life- Produce energy only in day time

Cost savingImproved availability and quality of powerEnvironmental friendlyStart with small system and expand it over timeLong lifeInsulates roof from direct sunlightGood efficiencyJob opportunitiesPeace of mindGood solution for remote areas

Why we use Solar Energy??

Electricity rates

YEAR NEPRA (Rs) GOP (Rs) GAP (Rs)

24Feb,2007 5.14 4.25 0.89

01Mar,2008 5.6 4.78 0.82

05Sep,2008 8.42 5.58 2.84

02Jan,2010 10.09 6.67 3.39

25Feb,2011 9.73 7.78 1.95

- Feb 2007-2011, 83% increase in average tariff

Pakistan is Sun Shine State

Sunshine intensity

Lahore =1720 kwh/sq m

Baluchistan=2200 kwh/sq m

275 sq km of area in Cholistan

can cover all demands.

•Main Types: Photovoltaic Uses photovoltaic cell that

absorb direct sunlight.

Solar thermal energyHas mirrored surface that

reflects sunlight to heat up

liquid to make steam to generate electricity

Introduction to Solar Energy

Is a device of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation into direct current

Materials presently used for photovoltaic includes 1. Mono-crystalline silicon

2. Poly-crystalline silicone

3. Thin film

4. Concentrated PV

And some others

Photovoltaic Cell

Is a device of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation into direct current

Materials presently used for photovoltaic includes 1. Mono-crystalline silicon 2. Poly-crystalline silicone

3. Thin film

4. Concentrated PV

And some others

Photovoltaic Cell

Is a device of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation into direct current

Materials presently used for photovoltaic includes 1. Mono-crystalline silicon

2. Poly-crystalline silicone3. Thin film

4. Concentrated PV

And some others

Photovoltaic Cell

Is a device of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation into direct current

Materials presently used for photovoltaics includes 1. Mono-crystalline silicon

2. Poly-crystalline silicone

3. Thin film4. Concentrated PV

And some others

Photovoltaic Cell

Is a device of generating electrical power by converting solar radiation into direct current

Materials presently used for photovoltaics includes 1. Mono-crystalline silicon

2. Poly-crystalline silicone

3. Thin film

4. Concentrated PVAnd some others

Photovoltaic Cell

Photovoltaic Cell

Conversion efficiency 18-22%Conversion efficiency 15-17%

Efficincy 8-12% Conversion efficiency 30-40%In laboratory it appears upto 70%

PV panelsCharge controller

PWM(80-85%)

MPPT(95%)Inverters

Inverters are used to convert DC in to AC.

Mostly sin wave inverters are used.Batteries

Basic parts of PV system

In solar thermal we use the heat of sun to generate electrical energyIt is called CSP (concentrated solar power)

• Parabolic Trough Uses mirrors to focus sun light on a receiver

glass tube a liquid flows through the pipes that

takes energy to the steam generator

Solar Thermal

http://www.treehugger.com/parabolic-trough-technology-1.jpg

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/linear_concentrators.html

In solar thermal we use the heat of sun to generate electrical energyIt is called CSP (concentrated solar power)

• Parabolic Trough Uses mirrors to focus sun light on a receiver

glass tube a liquid flows through the pipes that

takes energy to the steam generator

Solar Thermal

•Central receiver (Tower system)

In it the mirrors in the large field reflects the Sun light to a single receiver and then drives the generator

Solar Thermal

•Central receiver (Tower system)

In it the mirrors in the large field reflects the Sun light to a single receiver and then drives the generator

Solar Thermal

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/power_towers.html

• Parabolic Dishes

In this type of system a dish gathered all

the sun energy to its focus point on the

focus point we use a stirling engine to

generate electricity

Solar Thermal

http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/dish_engines.html

• Parabolic Dishes

In this type of system a dish gathered all

the sun energy to its focus point on the

focus point we use a stirling engine to

generate electricity

Solar Thermal

Solar plants all over the world.

California In California a 550 megawatt project and the largest solar panel power plant in the world we have seen a number of large solar plant lately (over 100megawatts each)They are planning to get their 33% of power from renewable energy sources instead of fossil fuels up to 2020

GermanyGermany is world’s top photovoltaic installer with a capacity of36.152 GW and are producing 35% of their need by solar

China China is producing 14 GW from solar including 3 big solar thermal plants

Solar plants all over the world.

oia

PakistanAround 22 solar power projects having a cumulative capacity of 772.99 MW are in different stages of development and can achieve commercial operation by 2015-16

Quied-e-azam solar parkA solar park near Bahawalpur with a total capacity of 1000MW is under construction

In 2014 a 100MW is now activated the other part will be completed in 1 or 2 years or less

Solar plants in Pakistann California

46% electricity is use for domestic purpose

Key points for installing Solar Panels Calculate the daily load Choose inverter size Choose the charge controller Batteries Decide the numbers of plates

Comparison for 3000watts load /year

For Domestic Purpose

WAPDA 30% Generator Solar Panels

Rs. 1,40,000/ Rs. 3,40,000/ Rs. 4,50,000

12% of electricity is use for agriculture

Comparison of Per acre cost

For Agriculture

Wapda Diesel SolarRS 500/ RS 750/ RS 55/

Only 30% down payment

Easy installments up to 2 years

Free maintenance for 5 years

10 years warranty

Packages

Nanotechnology Mega Projects Open branches all over the world

Future Plans