Dankani Guest Palace Hotel12-15 June 2012

Presentation Objective:- To highlight the causes of Trafficking, Forced labour & other related practices.

- To explain the impact of trafficking on the victim (individual), families, communities and the society in which we live.

Nigeria is a source, transit and destination country in relation to trafficking issues.

This ensures that the concept of supply and demand comes into play. When analyzing the causes of Trafficking in Persons, Push Factors, Pull Factors and Facilitating Factors are used to describe the connection btw supply to demand.

what issues pushed or convinced the trafficked victim to take that step to relocate:-

Poverty Search for better economic or employment

opportunities. Civil & political unrest etc. Cultural factors- that children are sent to live

with family members or friends as domestic workers often with promise of education.

Search for material acquisition/ peer pressure.

Greed Corruption at all levels

These factors compliment the push factors into making them a reality e.g.

Demand for commercial sex workers High Demand for cheap labour in urban

areas and industrialized countries (destination countries)

Perception of women & children as commodities to be exploited, etc

Profitable Venture

These issues fuel the TIP trade, and if effective, they can assist in no small way to countering HT. E.g-◦Porous international borders◦Ineffective law enforcement and poor

collaboration among stakeholders◦Lack of public awareness of HT◦Breakdown of family & social values /

family instability.

Individuals Family/Community Country

Dehumanization and denigration Psychological violence / trauma /

depression Starvation Sexual violence/abuses Disorientation Health related issues – permanent injury,

serious illnesses, STDs (including HIV) infection, unwanted pregnancies, reproductive illnesses, etc

Exposure to Illicit drugs and psychotropic substances

Aggressiveness Death Educational disruption Isolation / Alienation Suicide/ death

Disruption of family units Psychological trauma due to threats, death

of family member Economic loss – due pressure to pay back

money to the traffickers Loss of hope

At the national level, economic development is prevented because of obstructed educational opportunities as well as loss of potential future productive workers to the economy through trafficking. Children and adults who return from trafficking with illnesses put a financial burden on their families and the country. There will definitely be costs to treat and rehabilitate the sick and injured as well as costs in re-integrating returnees into the society. Some other consequences to the nation include;-

Negative image Brain drain Facilitates organized crime Introduction of diseases Threat to national security

What can we do to fight TIP, FL etc as Labour Officers?