steel constraction company

7/25/2019 Steel Constraction Company

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To Whom It May Concern

This is to certify that Md Hachnayen Ahmed, a student of BSCE program at IUBAT -

International University of Business Agriculture and Technology has successfully completed his

internship on Construction process of steel building, at I-Mart Engineering Ltd from

15May, 2013 to 15August, 2013. He has submitted a copy of his project report to the Director of

the company. He is permitted to submit this practicum report to IUBAT to fulfill the academic

requirement.

..

Engr. Md. Abu Rayhan

Managing Director

I-Mart Engineering Ltd


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II

Acknowledgement

In the process of preparation of my practicum report, I am very thankful to the Almighty who

made be able to complete my research and the practicum report.

In this connection I would further like to pay my gratitude and respect to certain personalities for

their immense help and enormous co-operation herein.

First of all I would like to pay my gratitude to our respected Prof. Dr. Md. Monirul Islam,

Chair, Department of Civil Engineering, IUBAT, who gave me the opportunity to do the

report on Construction process of Steel building.

Then I would like to pay my gratitude to all the employees of I-Mart Engineering Ltd.who

helped me immensely, especially, Engr. Abu Rayhan, (Managing Director), who allowed me

to conduct my practicum work under his company, afterwards, Engr. Morad (Factory

Engineer)to guide me through my internship period and made me able to understand different

aspects of Steel Building Fabrication and Erection and prepare this report successfully, and

Tanzir Rahman (Finance Officer)for Guiding me about project works and construction

expenditure procedures.

After that I would like to thank my honorable supervisor Engr. Md. Anisur Rahman (TiTU) ,

Faculty, Dept. of Civil Engineering, IUBAT, for guiding me entirely, making me able to be

precise about the report work and be presentable with the required knowledge I have gained

throughout this practicum period.

In fine, I would like to thank our respected Vice-chancellor of IUBAT, Prof Dr. M Alimullah

Miyanbecause of creating such a wonderful environment for learning through which I got the

opportunity to acquire knowledge under BSCE program, and that will be very helpful for my

ensuing prospective career.

.


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III

Table of Contents

Letter of Transmittal...................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

STUDENTS DECLARATION .................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

Acknowledgement ....................................................................................................................... II

Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... V

Chapter-01: Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1

1.1

Synopsis of I-Mart Engineering Ltd................................................................................. 1

1.2 Company Profile at a Glance ........................................................................................... 2

1.3 List of Tools & Machineries used in I-Mart Factory ....................................................... 3

1.4 Materials Specification ..................................................................................................... 3

1.5 List of Approved Supplier ................................................................................................ 4

1.6

Running Project ................................................................................................................ 4

1.7 Company Director Summary ........................................................................................... 5

1.8 Valued clients of I-Mart ................................................................................................... 5

1.9

Finished Projects .............................................................................................................. 6

Chapter-02: Metal Building Terminology ...................................................................................... 6

2.1 Basic Terminology ........................................................................................................... 8

2.2 Recommended Tools & Equipment ............................................................................... 14

Chapter-03: Project Pre-Planning ................................................................................................. 15

3.1

Project Owner/Managers Responsibility ...................................................................... 15

3.2 Designers/Engineers Responsibility ............................................................................ 15

3.3 Prime Contractors Responsibility ................................................................................. 15

3.4 Steel Fabricators Responsibility ................................................................................... 16

3.5 Steel Erectors Responsibility ........................................................................................ 16

3.6 Site-Specific Erection Plan............................................................................................. 17

Chapter-04: Site and Foundation Preparation ............................................................................... 18

4.1

General ........................................................................................................................... 18

4.2 Procedural Steps ............................................................................................................. 18

4.3 Squaring the Foundation ............................................................................................... 18

4.4 Anchor Bolt Settings ...................................................................................................... 19

Chapter-05: Building Delivery and Storage ................................................................................. 23

5.1

Unloading and Preparation of parts for Assembly ......................................................... 23
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IV

5.2 Handling and Storage of Materials................................................................................. 23

5.2.1 Location of Building Parts .......................................................................................... 24

5.3 Important Notes .............................................................................................................. 27

5.4 Delivery .......................................................................................................................... 28

5.5 Wall and Roof Panels ..................................................................................................... 28

5.5.1 Storage ........................................................................................................................ 29

Chapter-06: Safety ........................................................................................................................ 31

6.1 Health and Safety Management System......................................................................... 31

6.2 Worker Site orientation .................................................................................................. 31

6.3 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) ............................................................................ 31

6.4 Lifting and Handling Loads ........................................................................................... 32

6.5

Housekeeping ................................................................................................................. 33

6.6 Fall Protection ................................................................................................................ 33

Chapter-06: Structural Steel Assembly ......................................................................................... 36

6.1 Installing Single Columns .............................................................................................. 36

6.2

Installing Columns in a Frame ....................................................................................... 38

6.3 Installation of Beams ...................................................................................................... 41

6.4 Structural Stability.......................................................................................................... 45

6.5 Walking or Walking surfaces ......................................................................................... 45

6.6 Connections .................................................................................................................... 45

6.7 Bolting and Torqueing ................................................................................................... 45

6.8 Field Welding ................................................................................................................. 45

6.9 Loading and unloading of steel ...................................................................................... 46

6.10 Decking .......................................................................................................................... 46

6.11 Roof Opening ................................................................................................................. 48

6.12 Concrete Slab on Steel Deck .......................................................................................... 48

Chapter-07: Problems & Solutions ............................................................................................... 53

7.1 Problems ......................................................................................................................... 53

7.2 Solutions ......................................................................................................................... 53

Chapter-08: Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 54


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Abstract

The Steel Building Manufacturer produces high quality, pre-engineered metal buildings.

However, these buildings become structures only after erection. This report has been preparedshowing the erection of the buildings. It is a summary of the techniques in use in the metal

building industry, which is believed to be most representative of good erection practices. These

procedures and methods are by necessity general in nature. The erector should always,

especially in special circumstances, use proven and safe erection methods. The objectives of

this report are to show the civil engineers responsibility in the erection process of steel

building. Here I have showed the process of steel building erection process maintaining proper

safety & security. Structural stability is a very important thing of steel construction. I have

shown the pre erection procedures. While the building is being fabricated, numerous pre-

erection plans can be made to simplify the buildings erection. Access to the site, Foundation,

Foundation layout has been discussed briefly in this report. Quality installation is essential to

complete the structure to the satisfaction of the building stability. This includes the checking

and success observation during the erection of the metal building also discussed in this report.


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VI

COMPANY PROFILE

OF

I-MART ENGINEERING LTD.

HEAD OFFICE: HOUSE # 105 (3RD FLOOR), ROAD # 07, SECTOR # 04, UTTARA,

DHAKA - 1230, BANGLADESH. www.i-mart.com.bd

CONTACT NO: +8801612IEL001-10, +88-01714287128.

E-mail: [email protected],[email protected]

FACTORY: North Chanpara, Uttarkhan, Dhaka-1230, PHONE: +8801612IEL007.


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VII


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Chapter-01: Introduction

1.1Synopsis of I-Mart Engineering Ltd

I-Mart Engineering Ltd designs and manufactures each building individually. Our top priority is

to deliver the most cost effective and highest quality metal building on the market today. Close

attention is paid to engineering and erection detail. This ensures our customers' complete

satisfaction in construction of the building and its durability through the years. For cost effective

reason we can design your pre-engineered building according to any existing standard material

available in the local market. So we are extremely versatile in engineering aspects.

I-Mart Engineering Ltd has been launched to design; manufacture, built and marketing pre-

fabricated steel building in Bangladesh. The building shall consist of all primary and secondary

structural members, connection bolts, canopies, roof extension, sheeting, trim flashing, doors,

windows, fasteners, gutters, downspouts and other miscellaneous item and accessories as

specified, shown or mentioned in this guide. For the premium quality and customized design

solutions, I-mart Engineering Ltd. Its manufacturing plant located at Uttar khan, Dhaka. Due to

this location specific convenience, the factory enjoys several external economies of scale such as

constant supply of industrial energy line, large road transportation hub, availability of physical

labor for labor intensive tasks and finally the availability of industrial security, which is a large

factor in the production of any product or service in Bangladesh. Additionally, the I-Mart

Engineering Ltd beliefs on sustainability have led to a company policy that emphasizes

environment preservation. I-Mart Engineering Ltd work on projects that include experiencing

green cover, reducing effluents and emission, maintaining local ecological and improving long

term coronate sustainability.


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: I-MART Engineering Ltd.

: House #105, Road # 07, Sector # 04

: Uttara, Dhaka-1230

: +8801612IEL001-10,+8804475007557info@i-

mart.com.bd,

: [email protected]

: www.i-mart.bd.com

: North Chanpara, Uttarkhan, Dhaka-1230

: Private Limited Company

: NCC Bank Ltd.

: 5021181039

: 210-201-8931

: Floor Area-14,000 Sft

: North Chanpara, Uttarkhan, Dhaka-1230., Cell:

+8801612435007

: 18,00 MT/Year

:

: Design, Shop Detail, Fabrication & Installation Pre-

Engineered

Steel Buildings.

: Engr. Md. NazmulHasan, Chairman

: Engr. Md. Abu Rayhan, Managing Director

: Umme Salma, Director

: PopyBhowmick, Director

Company Name

Address

Telephone

E-mail

WebsiteFactory

Address

Type ofCompanyPrincipal

Bankers

VAT

RegistrationNumber

Income Tax

File Number

FactoryAddress

Production Capacity

No. of

Employees

Scope of Work

Board of Directors :

1.2Company Profile at a Glance


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3

1.3List of Tools & Machineries used in I-Mart Factory

SlNo

Name of Tools and Machine using in I-Mart Factory Quantity

01 Oxygen 16 Nos.

02 Pipe Bender 05 Nos.

03 Weight Machine 02 Nos.

04 Flaring Vice 10 Nos.

05 Gauge Meter 10 Nos.

06 Hammer 20 Nos.

07 Sly Range 20 Nos.

08 Dust Blower 05 Nos.

09 Gas Welding Set 02 Nos.

10 Tool Box 10 Nos.

11 Electric Arc (Welding , Set , Heavy duty) 08 Nos.

12 High Speed (Auto Cutter, Machine) 08 Nos.

13 Scissors (Heavy Size) 02 Nos.

14 Sheet Bending Machine 02 Nos.

15 Drill Press 10 Nos.

16 Bench Grinder 08 Nos.

17 Hand Grinder 08 Nos.

18 Mechanical Auto Saw Machine 01 Nos.

19 Diesel Generator (60 KVA) 01 Nos.

20 LP Gas Cylinder 16 Nos.

1.4Materials Specification

Sl. No Components Specifications

01Primary Members :Built-up Section

M.S. Plate - ASTM A570 50. Minimum yield strength=345 Mpa

02Secondary Members:

Purlin & Girt (M. S.)

Rolled Formed steel. Minimum yield stress 250 mpa.

03

Roof, wall Sheeting &

Fascia Sheet.(Pre-Painted)

Hi-Tensile 0.47 mm thick Steel Profile Sheets with

min. yield strength of 550 N/mm2 coated with an alloy of55% aluminum, 45% Zinc, coating mass shall be 150gm/m2. ZincAlume Steel ASTM A 792M Grade 345B,

AZM 150 Fy = 34.5 kN/cm2

04Fastener Imported heavy duty Hex head self-taping screws with

new prime seal washer

05 Standard Anchor Bolts JIS G3101 SS 400, Fy = 25.00 KN/cm2

06 High Strength Bolts A325 M Type 1 Hot Dip Galvanized


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1.5List of Approved Supplier

1.6Running Project

Sl. NoProject Area (Sft)

Location

01 New Stair for TM Textiles & Garments Ltd. 3000 VALUKA

02 New Mezzanine Floor for RADIAL

INTERNATIONAL LTD6000 ZIRANI

BAZAR

03 New Mezzanine Floor RADIANT Pharmaceuticals 2000 Tongi, BSCIC

Si No.Name Of Supplier

Address Type of Supplied

1. BOC Bangladesh Ltd. Tejgaon I/A,Dhaka. Oxygen

2. Kleenheat GasKawran Bazar C/A,

Dhaka- 1215.Gas

3.Steel Treams Taiwan

Ltd.Gulshan-2, Dhaka. Steel Profile Sheets

4. M/S Steel Bond Ltd

746, west

shewrapara,Rokeya

Sharani Dhaka-1216.

Steel Profile Sheets,

Fastener, Purlin & Girt

(M. S.), Standard Anchor

Bolts, High Strength

Bolts.

5. Lee Tsai Steel Ltd.

Walsow Tower, level-1, 21

KaziNazrul Islam avenue,

Pariba h, Dhaka-1215.

Steel Profile Sheets

6.M/S Haque Engineering

Works

40/Q-1, Jigatola New

Sarak,West

Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1209.

Steel Profile Sheets,

Fastener, Purlin & Girt

(M. S.), Standard Anchor

Bolts, High Strength

7.M/S R. Rahman

HardwareSaidabad, Jatrabari,Dhaka

Standard Anchor Bolts,

High Strength Bolts

8. Khan Filling Station Ltd. Abdullahpur,TongiDiversion Road.

Diesel

9. DESCO Banani, Dhaka Electrical Energy


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1.7Company Director Summary

1.8Valued clients of I-Mart

Sl. No. Name of Directors Designation QualificationYear of

Experience

01Engr. Md. NazmulHasan, Chairman B.Sc. in Electricaland Electronics

Engineering10 Years

02Engr. Md. AbuRayhan

ManagingDirector

B.Sc. in CivilEngineering

11 Years

03

Umme Salma Director- Finance& Admin

B.A (Hons) inEnglish 04 Years

04Popy Bhowmick Director- Supply

ChainM.B.B.S

03 Years

Sl. No Name of ClientsContact Person with Designation

01 Linde Bangladesh (BOC)Engr. Md. Khalilur Rahman

Area Manager

02 Confidence Group

Kh. Moallem Abdul Malek

General Manager (Planning &

development)

03 TM Textiles & Garments Ltd. Valuka,

Mymenshingha

Engr. Md. Abdul LatifSenior Manager (Maintenance)

04 Nitol Motors Ltd, Mohakhali, Dhaka.Md. Sultan Mahmud

Manager, Nitol Construction

05 Jahangirnagar UniversityEngr. AhsanHabib

Asst. Engineer

06Radiance Group

Engr. Shahidul Islam

Project Engineer

07 Radiant Pharmaceuticals Ltd.

Engr. MdNewajHossain

Incharge, Plant Maintenance

08Gemcon Food & Agricultural Product Ltd. Engr. Md Kamrul Islam

Project Manager


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1.9Finished Projects

Sl.

NoProject Area (Sft) Location

01 Extension of BOC, Bangladesh at Dhaka 2515 Tejgoan, Dhaka

02Consultation for two Storied Steel Building forDisha Engineering Ltd. 38000 Baro Bari, Gazipur

03Consultation for 80 ft Span Foot Over Bridge atChittagong for Multi space Steel Structures Ltd.

Chittagong

04

Consultation for Play Ground over 3-storied

building for Scholastica School at Dhaka for Multispace Steel Structures Ltd. 4500 Dhaka

05 Inspection Room for TM Textiles & Garments Ltd. 3500 Bogra

07 Roof System for Pacific Button at Tongi 9000 Tongi, BISIC

08Renovation Work for TM TEXTILES &GARMENTS LTD 44621 Valuka

09 Renovation work for BOC 7000 Tejgoan , Dhaka

10 Extension Work for NITOL MOTORs LTD. 6500 Tongi

11Partition Wall for TM TEXTILES & GARMENTSLTD

VALUKA

12Roof System of Old Microbiology Lab for Jahangir

Nagar University 2500 Savar, Dhaka

13Steel Building of Container molding Shop for

Confidence Electric Ltd 15500 Narayanganj

1410.60 , HT Water Tank Tower for TM TEXTILES& GARMENTS LTD VALUKA

15 Steel Partition wall for Confidence Electric Ltd 4500 Narayangonj


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Recently Finished Project

Sl.

NoProject

Area (sft)Location

1New Mosque Building By Steel Structure For Linde

Bangladesh Ltd.

2000Tejgoan, Dhaka

2

Roof Renovation Work of AJKER KAGOJ

BHABON at Mohammadpur for Gemcon Food &

Agriculture Products Ltd.

13000Mohammadpur,

Gaptholi

3Steel Structure of Lift Core Area for RADIANT

Pharmaceuticals.

Tongi, Gazipur-

17105 New mezzanine floor for Radial International Ltd. Jirani,Savar

6Pre-fabricated Steel Structure (Mezzanine) at

Screw Shed of Confidence Steel Ltd.

7Supply & installation of 1.80 km surface water

drainage system of tm textiles & garments limited

Habirbari,Bhaluk

a, Mymensingh

8Canopy on Sewing Entrance of Iron Section

(Canopy 03)for TM Textiles & Garments Ltd.

Valuka,

Mymenshinh

9Canopy (01) of Sewing Building for TM Textiles &

Garments Ltd.

Valuka,

Mymenshinh

10Canopy (02) of Sewing Building for TM Textiles &

Garments Ltd.

Valuka,

Mymenshinh

11Stair (01 and 2) Renovation Materials for TM

Textiles & Garments Ltd

Valuka,

Mymenshinh

12

Generator Room For Tm Textiles & Garments Ltd. Valuka,

Mymenshinh

13Making new stair (1 & 2) including, railing & rain

protective shed for TM Textiles & Garments Ltd

Valuka,

Mymenshinh


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Chapter-02: Metal Building Terminology

2.1Basic Terminology

Accessory

An extra building component added to a basic Kirby building, such as a door, window vent, etc.

Aluminized

Aluminum coated steel

Anchor Bolts

Bolts set in concrete, used to anchor structural members to concrete foundation.

Base Angle

A continuous angle secured to foundation to support wall panels.

Base Plate

A shop-welded, pre-punched plate on that portion of a beam or column which rests on the

supporting surface.

Base Channel

A light gauge cold formed channel which replaces the base angle when liner or double sheeted

partitions are required.

Bay End

The Distance between the centerline to the first interior frame to the inside of the end wall panel.

Bay - Interior

The distance from centerline to centerline of two interior columns.

Beam

A structural member who is ordinarily subject to bending and is usually a horizontal member

carrying vertical loads.

Bearing Frame End wall


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Frame composed of corner columns, wind columns, flush girts and rafter sections, which is

designed to carry one-half bay loading, also referred to as Light End wall.

Brace Angles/Rods

Angles or rods primarily on Roof and sidewalls or RF (Rigid Frame) or BC (Beam & Column)buildings for transferring wind force to foundation and aiding in plumbing the structure.

Bridge Crane

A material handling system usually within a building which moves longitudinally on a runway

constructed of rails and beams.

Bridging

Structural members used to give weak axis stability to joists or purlins.

Built-Up Member or Section

A structural member, usually an I section, made from individual web, flange and

base plates by welding them together.

Built-Up Roof

A roof composed of layered felt or jute, saturated with tar, with each layer set by mopping a hot

tar or asphalt.

Butt Plate (or Splice Plate)

The pre-punched end plate of a structural member which usually rests against a matching plate of

another member in forming a bolted connection.

By-Framed Girts

Girts which overlap at outside column flange to form a continuous member. C Section A

member cold-formed from steel coil in the shape of C used primarily in bearing frame end

walls and framed openings.

Camber

A predetermined curvature designed into a structural member to offset the anticipated deflection

when load is applied.


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Canopy

Any overhanging or projecting structure with extreme end usually unsupported.

Cantilever

A projecting beam that is supported and restrained at one end only.

Caulk

To seal and make weather tight joints, seams or voids by filling with a waterproofing compound

or material.

Channel

An open-ended C shape with no return lips, which may be either cold-formed or hot-rolled

Clip

A plate used for fastening several members together.

Clip Angle

An angle used for fastening various members together.

Closure Strip

Sealant material formed to match either inside or outside wall or roof panel configuration used at

base, eave, rake or accessory locations to provide closure against the elements.

Cold-Formed

Various shapes such as angles, channels, girts and purlins, formed from steel at room

temperature.

Column

A vertical structural member

Continuous Gift or Purlin

Gift or purlin that overlaps at columns or frames to form a continuous member. Continuous

Ridge Vent Series of roof ventilators connected to each other located along roof peak line.

Corner Column

Corner column (usually a C shape) located at the corner of a bearing frame end wall.

Corner Trim


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Preformed sheet metal trim used to close the junction of side and end wallsheets.

Curtain Wall

Perimeter wall panels which carry only their own weight..

Eave Height

The vertical dimension from finished floor to top of eave strut.

Eave Strut

Structural member at the eave to support roof and wall panels; also transmits forces due to wind

on end wall from roof brace rods to wall brace rods.

Erection

The on-site assembly of pre-engineered components to form complete structure.

Erection Drawings

Drawings prepared specifically for each building, showing piece mark, and location of all

components.

Expansion Joint

A break of space in construction to allow for thermal expansion and contraction.

Fixed Base

A vertical structural member, bolted to and positioned at 900 to a sidewall column to provide

additional base fastening and to prevent column rotation.

Flange

The projecting edge of a structural member.

Footing

A pad or mat, usually concrete, located under a column, wall, or other structural member, used to

distribute loads from the member into supporting soil.

Foundation

The substructure on which a building rests.

Frame


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Primary structural members, made up of columns and rafters, which support the secondary

framing.

Framed Opening

Opening in a wall, roof or floor that is framed with secondary members.

Gauge

Thickness range of steel (24, 26 etc). Distance between holes punched in flanges, base or splice

plates.

Galvanized

Zinc-coated steel.

Girder

A main horizontal or near horizontal structural member that supports vertical loads.

Girt

A secondary horizontal structural member attached to sidewall or end wall columns to which

wall covering is attached and supported horizontally: usually a cold-formed Z shape.

Gutter

The member used to collect and carry rain water off the roof.

High Strength Bolts

Any bolt made from steel having a tensile strength in excess of 100,00 pounds per square inch

(PSI). Some examples are ASTM A-325, JIS 11.86.

High Tensile Steel

Structural steel having a yield stress in excess of 36,000 pounds per square inch.

Hot Rolled Shapes

Steel sections (angles, channels, I-Beams, etc.) which are formed by rolling mills while the steel

is in a semi-molten state.

Insulation

Any material used in building construction to reduce heat transfer.


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Intermediate Bay

A Distance between two main frames within a building.Other than end frames.

Joist

Beam for supporting the floor or roof.

Nibbler

Al electric hand tool used to cut steel roof or wall sheet openings.

Parapet

That portion of the wall which extends vertically above the roof line to form a fascia-type

appearance to hide roof slope.

Purlin

A secondary member, usually cold-formed horizontal structural member located in the roof to

support roof panels, that is itself supported by the primary structural framing. Generally, purlins

in Kirby Buildings overlap at frames to form a continuous design.

Rafter

A fabricated primary structural member with parallel flanges that extends from haunch to apex.

Any beam used in a primary frame to support purlins.

(RF)-Rigid Frame

A clearspan structure. Characterized by tapered columns, tapered haunches and rafter beams.


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2.2Recommended Tools & Equipment

The following list of tools and equipment is considered adequate for erection of most I-Mart

buildings. Actual Equipment requirement may vary due to differences in building type and size,

jobsite conditions and erection personnel. The list is intended to serve as a recommendation only

and should not be used as a limitation to your inventory of erection equipment.

Sl.No Name Qut. Description

1 Screw Guns 2 With magnetic hex socket heads and replacement

2 Sheet Metal Nibbler 1 Electric sheet cutting tool with replacement Bits

3 Power Impact Wrench 2 With assorted impact sockets 12mm to 36mm

4 Electric Drill 2 Heavy Duty, 12mm

5 Electric Drill 2 Heavy Duty, 6mm

6 Electric Screw Gun 4 Heavy Duty with hex sockets

7 Electric Power Saw 1 Heavy Duty with metal & carbide blades

8 Electric Extension Cords 2 Sufficient for maximum number of tools used at once

9 Electric Arc Welder 1 With leads and extra welding head

10 Portable Generator 1 Gas driven for electric power at jobsite

11 Gas Cutting Outfit 1 With hose, gauges, torch & replacement heads

12 Socket Wrenches 2 Sets 12mm drive with assorted sockets and ratchet

13 Spud Wrenches 6 Assorted sizes 12mm to 36mm

14 Box End Wrenches 2 Sets - assorted sizes 12mm to 36mm

15 Open End Wrenches 2 Sets - assorted sizes 12mm to 36mm

16 Vice Grip Pliers 2

17 Pop Rivet Tool 2 Manual and Electric

18 Stapler Gun 4 With staples

19 Hammers 2 Shop, Sledge, Rubber

20 Sheet Metal Cutters 2 Left, Right, Straight

21 Drift Pins 4 Heavy Duty

22 Hack Saw 4 With assorted blades

23 Chokers 4 3/8


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Chapter-03: Project Pre-Planning

Pre-planning must consider the structures design and constructability as well as the application

of various fall protection systems. Project pre-planning is the responsibility of the:

Project Owner/Manager

Design Engineer

Prime Contractor

Steel Fabricator

Steel Erector

3.1Project Owner/Managers Responsibility

The project owner/manager is:

A key player in the overall shared responsibility of public and worker safety.

Responsible for ensuring that all organizations involved in any erection.

Projects are fulfilling their safety responsibilities.

3.2Designers/Engineers Responsibility

The design engineer is responsible for:

Ensuring that the structural design and integrity is consistent with the structures intended

use and that the structure can be erected safely.

The foundation supporting the structure.

Considering the safety of both workers and the public.

Considering the site-specific soil and atmospheric conditions.

Ensuring that a minimum of 4 anchor bolts are on each main structural column.

3.3Prime Contractors Responsibility

Before erection starts, the prime contractor must provide the following information and

communicate it to the steel erector:

Notice of any repair, replacement, or modification of the anchor bolts for a column

(required before the column is erected) as well as documentation to confirm that the

changes were done in accordance with CSA standards.


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Site Layout Testing Requirements.

An overall project schedule that includes coordinating the various building trades.

Adequate access roads into and through the site for the safe delivery and movement of

equipment and workers.

A firm, properly graded, drained area that is readily accessible to the workers and with

adequate space for the safe storage of materials and the safe operation of the steel

erection equipment.

3.4Steel Fabricators Responsibility

The steel fabricator is responsible for:

Providing detailed connection information to ensure that the structure can be safely

erected.

Providing, where required, safety attachments or anchor points as outlined in project

specification/design documents.

3.5Steel Erectors Responsibility

The steel erector is responsible for:

Ensuring workers are adequately qualified, suitably trained, and with sufficient

experience to safely perform the assigned work.

Informing the prime contractor about access needs to the site and specific work areas.

Pre-planning work activities to ensure that workers are not required to work under unsafe

or suspended loads. If workers must work beneath a load (e.g., connectors), they must be

informed about the danger.

Developing site-specific work instructions and procedures that identify access and area

needs.

Ensuring that requirements for moving loads over working areas are met. The steel

erector and crane operator must comply with the general and specific requirements oflifting and handling loads.

Ensuring the prime contractor has provided a report verifying concrete strength.


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3.6Site-Specific Erection Plan

Prior to starting erection activities, every worker have involved in the erection review the site

erection plan. The following things were included in the Site Erection Plan.

Site-specific hazard assessment.

Making the better understanding of erection drawing and erection procedures for

connecting the structural parts of a skeleton structure

Erection drawings and erection procedures for connection the structural parts of a skeleton

structure were:

Prepared and certified by a professional engineer.

Checked by BRTC.

Made available to and reviewed by all workers before work begins.

Fig: Erection Plan checked by BRTC, BUET


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Chapter-04: Site and Foundation Preparation

4.1General

Before the prefabricated steel building arrives, the site and foundation should be prepared. This

includes leveling the terrain and constructing the foundation. Steel buildings are typically

designed to be placed on a permanent slab. A concrete contractor is highly recommended for this

phase of the construction.

4.2Procedural Steps

Trees , rubbish and other items has been removed from site location

Smooth and leveling the ground is done

Constructing the foundation using the recommended materials is made

4.3Squaring the Foundation

For proper building erection, it is critical the foundation is square. The following examples are

practiced to ensure square foundation.


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Measurement: A same as B C same as D E same as F G same as H

4.4Anchor Bolt Settings

It is extremely important that anchor bolts be placed accurately in accordance with the anchor

bolt setting plan. All anchor bolts should be held in place with a template or similar means, so

they will remain plumb and in the correct location during placing of the concrete. Check the

concrete forms and anchor bolt locations prior to the pouring of the concrete. A final check

should be made after the completion of the concrete work and prior to the steel erection. This

will allow any necessary corrections to be made before the costly erection labor and equipment

arrives. The following things were insured prior to starting erection:

Anchor bolts were checked according to plan.

Stand columns in place and tighten anchor bolt nuts.

Girts are attached and temporary bracing were installed.

Size, type and position of the anchor bolt were checked.


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Fig: Basic principles of anchor bolts


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Fig: Checking of anchor bolts as per drawing (using tape & slide calipers)


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Fig: Anchor bolt checking before casting (center to center)


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Chapter-05: Building Delivery and Storage

5.1Unloading and Preparation of parts for Assembly

The vehicle transporting of building parts must gain access to the building site from the adjacent

highway or road. Such access should be studied and prepared in advance of arrival. All

obstructions, overhead and otherwise, must be removed and the access route graveled or planked

if the soil will not sustain the heavy wheel loads

After unloading the truck and before the driver leaves, ensure that all parts have been delivered.

The following things have been ensured

Each part against the delivery receipt is checked

Each part is marked for identification.

Delivered receipt is signed after successful delivery of each part.

Missing parts are identified with the sales person

5.2Handling and Storage of Materials

A great amount of time and trouble can be saved if the building parts are unloaded at the building

site according to a pre-arranged plan. Proper location and handling of components will eliminate

unnecessary handling

Blocking under the columns and rafters protects the splice plates and the slab from damage

during the unloading process. It also facilitates the placing of slings or cables around the

members for later lifting and allows members to be bolted together into sub-assemblies while on

the ground. Extra care should always be exercised in the unloading operation to prevent injuries

from handling the steel and to prevent damage to materials and the concrete slab.

If water is allowed to remain for extended periods in bundles of primed parts such as girts,

purlins, etc., the pigment will fade and the paint will gradually soften reducing its bond to the

steel. Therefore, upon receipt of a job, all bundles of primed parts should be stored at an angle to


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allow any trapped water to drain away and permit air circulation for drying. Puddles of water

should not be allowed to collect and remain on columns or rafters for the same reason.

5.2.1 Location of Building Parts

While the building material is unloaded, it should be placed in and around the building site near

the place where it will be used. This is referred to as Shaking Out. While each job will vary

according to the size or site conditions.Placed the parts around the Foundation.

End wall materials were laid out for each end (end column & rafters).

Main columns and rafter at the sides

Nuts and bolts are placed in suitable place (ensuring the easy access)

Purlins and girts, depending on the number of bundles, are usually stored near the

sidewalls clear of other packages or parts.

Sheet packages are usually located along one or both sidewalls off the ground and slopingto one end to encourage drainage in case of rain.

Accessories are usually unloaded on a corner of the slab or off the slab near one end of

the building to keep them as much out of the way as possible from the active area during

steel erection.

Wall and roof paneling and other components which will not be used in the initial stage

of erecting the steel are placed to the outside of the work area and properly stored and

protected from weather.

Each part is numbered for quick identification

Fig: Planning Map for the location of Building Parts


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Fig: Placing of Secondary beams


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Fig: Placing of Angle and other secondary members


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5.3Important Notes

During working with the materials unloading or placing I have found some claim. And I have

generated some questions regarding those claims:

The bundle or container in question (if any)

The actual quantity received.

The quantity which should have been received or that which was damaged.

This is important for quickly retrieving the necessary information. Also, the other information

such as numbers, names and addresses should be indicated on claims as well as invoice numbers.

These procedures are primarily for your protection, a shortage discovered later can be caused by

theft, misplacement or other causes and neither the carrier nor building provider can accept

responsibility.


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5.4Delivery

Company takes every precaution to ensure that material is delivered to the customer damage free

and fully protected from the elements during shipment. When the material is delivered to the

customer it then becomes the customer's responsibility to protect the material from the elements,

possible theft, and other damage. The following guidelines are practiced:

1. Ensure the band of Bundles during the unloading process.

2. Lifting of bundles by banding material is strictly prohibited

3. Lifting is done maintaining the closing distance to its center of gravity

4. After panel bundles are opened, individual sheets have been handled carefully to prevent

panel buckling or damage to the panel coating.

5. When removing a sheet from a bundle, rolled off the bundle to prevent scratching of the

next sheet.

6. Never drag or slide one sheet over another sheet was strictly prohibited.

7. Lifting of sheets is done along its longitudinal edge and carries in a vertical position.

8. Instead, lift the sheet along its longitudinal edge and carry in a vertical position.

9. For 10 long, 3 to 4 people were worked.

5.5Wall and Roof Panels

Wall and roof panels including color coated, galvalume, and galvanized provide excellent service

under widely varied conditions. All unloading and erection personnel should fully understand

that these panels are quality merchandise which merit cautious care in handling.

Under no circumstances should panels be handled roughly. Packages of sheets were lifted off the

truck with extreme care to ensure that no damage occurs to ends of the sheets or to side ribs.

Then the packages stored off the ground sufficiently high to allow air circulation underneath the

packages. This avoids ground moisture and deters people from walking on the packages. One

end of the package should always be elevated to encourage drainage in case of rain.

All stacked metal panels are subject, to some degree, to localized discoloration or stain when

water is trapped between their closely nested surfaces. We exercise extreme caution during

fabricating and shipping operations to ensure that all panel stock is kept dry. However, due to

climatic conditions, water formed by condensation of humid air can become trapped between

stacked sheets. Water can also be trapped between the stacked sheets when exposed to rain. This

discoloration caused by trapped moisture is often called wet storage stain.

The stain is usually superficial and has little effect on the appearance or service life of the panels

as long as it is not permitted to remain on the panels. However, moisture in contact with the


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surface of the panels over an extended period can severely attack the finish and reduce the

effective service life. Therefore, it is imperative that all panels be inspected for moisture upon

receipt of the order. If moisture is present, dry the panels at once and store in a dry, warm place.

5.5.1 Storage

It was recommended that sheets be stored under roof if at all possible. As sheets were to be

stored outside, the following precautions was observed:

Leveling and location of storied area so as to minimize handling.

In case of bare ground, placing of plastic ground cover under the bundles to minimize

condensation on the sheets from ground moisture.

Marinating at least 12 inches above ground level to allow air circulation beneath the

bundle and to prevent damage from rising water. Waterproof cover was placed over the bundles to allow for air circulation under the

cover.

Inspecting stored bundles daily and repair any tears or punctures in the water proof cover.

Re-cover opened bundles at the end of each workday to prevent subsequent moisture

damage.

Fig: Storage System of Metal Sheet


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Fig: Placing of Sheet Metal in the site


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Chapter-06: Safety

6.1Health and Safety Management System

The purpose of a Safety Management System is to identify, assess, and control workplace

hazards. To be effective, the following essential components were done:

Health and safety hazards at the work site were analyzed.

Control measures to eliminate or reduce risks from hazards were taken.

Clearly stated company policy and management commitment

Worker competency and training was done

An checkup program was established

Prior to starting work, all workers have attended a structural steel erection best practices review

for the project. A review document was understood and signed as accepted.

Weekly safety meetings was continued to held and the prime contractor always be kept

informed, in writing, about discussions and issues that may affect safe erection of steel (e.g.,

weather conditions [such as wind], access, site conditions).

6.2Worker Site orientation

Prior to starting work, every worker attended a site orientation to be informed of and become

familiar with:

Site rules and regulations

Erection plan and procedures

Equipment to be used

Hazard assessment

Work area and emergency procedures (including the rescue plan)

Work areas of other trades and the need to communicate planned work

Activities to them when working in close proximity

6.3Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Personal protective equipment (PPE) refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other

garments or equipment designed to protect the wearer's body from injury.

The purpose of personal protective equipment is to reduce employee exposure to hazards when

engineering and administrative controls are not feasible or effective to reduce these risks to

acceptable levels.


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Employers and workers must ensure that this equipment is used whenever a worker is

exposed to the relevant hazard.

All PPE complied with standards referenced in the OSHA.

Additional PPE is supplied as required for various tasks.

Pant legs and laces must be tied or taped to avoid tripping hazards.

Fig: Shearing ideas of safety & security with the workers

6.4Lifting and Handling Loads

Manual handling of loads or materials by workers was minimized.

Worker lift were provided

Push and pull method was practiced

Proper care taken to carry or handle or transportation of heavy or awkward loads.


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Fig: Lifting & Handling of Building parts

6.5Housekeeping

All supplies, such as bolts, shims, Dunn age and debris storied in proper containers and

set away from areas where they can pose tripping hazards.

No loose bolt and nuts were leave lying on steel or on ground.

Ongoing cleanup was performed

6.6Fall Protection

Fall protection was ensured in case of unusual possibility of injury if a worker falls from

above 3m.

Fall protection plan specify the following things.

Fall hazards at work site


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Fall protection system to be used at the work site

Procedures used to assemble, maintain, inspect, use, and disassemble the fall protection system.

Fig: Safety hamlet & belt

Fig: Worker with the safety equipment


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Fig: Workers with the safety equipmentChapter-06: Structural Steel Assembly

6.1Installing Single Columns

All main structural columns were anchored by a minimum of 4 anchor bolts.

Columns were set on the leveling plates, nuts.

No repair or Modifications were allowed.

Column rigging were attached through a bolt hole in the top of the column in the web or a

beam clip.

Some places choker has been used.


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Fig: Layout of Column


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Lower the Column

Placing column on anchor bolts:

Watch for pinch point.

Once the base plate of the column touches the slim, put the washers and nuts on theanchor bolts.

Plumb the column by tightening the anchor bots.

Check the column for the stability

Placing column on to a steel column or beam:

Watch for pinch point.

Once the base plate of the column touches the connection point, bolt down.

Plumb the column by tightening the connection bolts.

Minimum four bolt were used

Column were checked for stability

Unstable columns were braced necessarily.

6.2Installing Columns in a Frame

Frames are often referred to as bents.

Lower the frame onto the anchor bolts. Watch for pinch points

Placed the beams, bracing according to the plan to make the large frame.

Always maintain lift capacity

Maintain the good signal to the crane operator

Once the frame is lifted off the ground and the crane has the complete weight, provide the

signal to the operator not to stop the lift until the load settles. Once the load settles,

proceed to signal the crane operator to move the frame into position.

After the base plate of the column touches the shims, put the washers and nuts on the

anchor bolts.

Plumbed the frame by tightening the anchor bolts.

Weight of the frame was released

Plumbing work of anchor bolts was checked.


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Fig: Check the security of the column before releasing the rigging.


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Fig: Placing of Column by Crane


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6.3Installation of Beams

Beams generally includes purlins and girts

Rigging were attached in the center of load using the appropriate chocker

Signal the crane operator to lift beam

Adjust the crane line (by signaling the operator) to remain above the rigging point of the

lift as the beam is being raised.

After the beam is lifted off the ground and the crane has completed the weight, lift was

stopped until the load settled.

After the settlement of the load, lift operator were signaled to move the crane into

position.

Beams were attached to the supporting structural members (columns) using sufficient

number of bolts

To ensure the structural integrity before weight of load is placed on the connection plates,

sufficient numbers of welding were confirmed.

Columns sufficient load were ensured before installing members.

After checking the structural stability of the member, chocker was released from the

member.


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Fig: Lifting process of beams


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Fig: Lifting of beams


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Fig: Sufficient Welding before releasing the rigging


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6.4Structural Stability

Ensure that structural stability is maintained at all times.

No Construction loads were not placed on any steel before framework is safely bolted, welded, or

otherwise adequately secure.

When used, temporary bracing was used and properly installed in conjunction with the steel

erection plan to ensure the structural stability.

6.5Walking or Walking surfaces

Walking on the coated structural steel were strictly prohibited as it is slipper then the

normal primed steel.

Tried to avoid the shear connector, where possible as that create tripping hazards.

6.6Connections

During the final placing of solid web structural members, the load should not be released from

the hoisting line until the member is secured with at least two bolts per connection, wrench tight.

Secondary members must have one bolt wrench tight.

Ensure more than two bolts to stability of a connection

During erection, diagonal bracing was secured by at least one bolt per connection.

Wrenched tightened, before releasing load.

Where two beams, framing from opposite sides of a supporting member, share the same

bolts, a clipped connection should be used unless a seated connection is used to facilitate

safe erection.

6.7Bolting and Torqueing

Always followed the bolting instructions

Inspect bolt bags daily for damage.

Do not leave unsecured objects (e.g., bolt bags, tools, loose steel) at elevations

6.8Field Welding

Welder was certified, qualified and experienced to perform the work involved.

Welder was employed by the I-Mart

All welding is performed by two experienced persons.


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6.9Loading and unloading of steel

Worker always told to stay out of the danger zone whenever moving equipment.

All good, materials and equipment were stacked, storied and secured such a way they do

not flow, move, roll or collapse.

Worker responsibility for stacking, storing or securing goods, materials and equipment

was indicated before.

6.10 Decking

No bundle was packaged or strapping designed for hoisting without any special design.

Loose items always on top of the bundles.

All decking were secured against displacement. No decking loads were allowed on the steel joist until erectors has confirmed that bridging is

installed and anchored and all joist bearing ends are attached.


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Fig: Decking Layout Plan


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6.11 Roof Opening

Metal decks must be installed to meet these requirements:

Roof and floor openings were covered during the decking

process.

All cover was secured.

All holes and opening were immediately covered.

Skylight openings must meet these same requirements.

6.12 Concrete Slab on Steel Deck

Composite Steel Deck Floor System consists of a high strength structural steel deck and a

structural concrete slab with welded wire fabric and additional reinforcing when specified.This

floor system provides economy and efficiency, taking advantage of the composite design of the

steel deck and concrete.

Construction Process

Place all the accordingly.

After placement of metal sheet, shear bolts were welded

with the sheet.

Placing of rods was done.

Then concrete pouring was done.


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Fig: Check the additional decking


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Fig: Placing of Steel deck & shear bolts


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Fig: Placing of reinforcement bar.


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Fig: Placing of Concrete


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Chapter-07: Problems & Solutions

7.1Problems

I have detected some problem during my training period and learnt how to solve those problems.

Two columns were less than their design height up to 1.5 ft.

Problem occurred with the alignment of RCC works.

One sheet was shorter than its original length.

7.2Solutions

Solutions to the problems discussed above are discussed below:

After discussing with the client we have decided to provide pc (purlin cleat) to increase the

height.

For maintaining the alignment of the Column we have some cutting of RCC works and then

recast.

For sheeting problem, it was not possible to make a new sheet immediately, and we have just

change the sheeting alignment. Providing long sheet where necessary and without cutting or

trimming we just use the whole sheets accordingly. And finally the problem was solved.


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Chapter-08: Conclusion

Steel construction is considered as a process that involves many related activities. The basics of

metal building erection, from the primary structures to the secondary structures, have been

covered in this report. I have briefly encapsulated the basic sequence of events from construction

site planning through erecting a Metal Building. Many other phases, such as mechanical,

electrical, interior finishing and landscaping need to be done to finish and complete most

projects. Although there are many other events, procedures, and essentials that are involved in

the erection of a metal building. Responsible personnel, experienced in rigging and handling

light steel members in a safe manner should complete the layout, assembly, and erection of the

metal building. Improper handling can easily result in injury, delays and unexpected added costs.

steel constraction company

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