status of the matter 1. a knowledge gap - what is understood (scientists)
DESCRIPTION
Status of the Matter 1. A Knowledge Gap - What is Understood (scientists) - What is Known (public/policymakers) 2. The Climate Crisis - Climate Inertia Pipeline Effect - Positive Feedbacks Predominate Danger:Tipping Point Different Planet - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Status of the Matter 1. A Knowledge Gap - What is Understood (scientists)](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051417/56814932550346895db6776b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Global Warming: How Can We Avoid Dangerous Climate Change?*
Conversation at NARUC
Jim Hansen
16 July 2007
New York
*Any statements relating to policy are personal opinions
![Page 2: Status of the Matter 1. A Knowledge Gap - What is Understood (scientists)](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051417/56814932550346895db6776b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Status of the Matter1. A Knowledge Gap - What is Understood (scientists) - What is Known (public/policymakers)
2. The Climate Crisis- Climate Inertia Pipeline Effect- Positive Feedbacks Predominate
Danger:Tipping PointDifferent Planet
3. Good News in Bad News: Opportunity- Must Keep CO2 & Pollution Low- + Health, Agriculture, Environment!
![Page 3: Status of the Matter 1. A Knowledge Gap - What is Understood (scientists)](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051417/56814932550346895db6776b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Time (Ma)
5
Global deep-sea foraminifera 18O isotope records from 40 sites.
Temperatures apply to ice-free state, i.e., before Antarctic glaciation (~35 Mybp).
Dashed blue bars are times of ephemeral ice or ice sheets smaller than at present.
Solid bar indicates ice sheets of modern or greater size.
![Page 4: Status of the Matter 1. A Knowledge Gap - What is Understood (scientists)](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051417/56814932550346895db6776b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Status of the Matter 1. A Knowledge Gap - What is Understood (scientists)](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051417/56814932550346895db6776b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Jakobshavn Ice Stream in Greenland
Discharge from major Greenland ice streams is accelerating markedly.
Source: Prof. Konrad Steffen, Univ. of Colorado
![Page 6: Status of the Matter 1. A Knowledge Gap - What is Understood (scientists)](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051417/56814932550346895db6776b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Mt. Graham Red Squirrel
![Page 7: Status of the Matter 1. A Knowledge Gap - What is Understood (scientists)](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051417/56814932550346895db6776b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Fossil Fuel Reservoirs and 1750–2004 Emissions
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Oil Gas Coal
Gt
C
Reserve growth
Proven reserves*
Emissions (CDIAC)
EIA
IPCC
CO
2 (p
pm
v)
600
400
200
100
300
0
500
*Oil & gas from EIA
**Unconventional oil & gas; uncertain, could be large
Other
MethaneHydrates
Shale Oil
Tar Sands
? **
![Page 8: Status of the Matter 1. A Knowledge Gap - What is Understood (scientists)](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022051417/56814932550346895db6776b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Outline of Solution
1. Coal only in Powerplants w SequestrationPhase-out old technology. Timetable
TBD
2. Stretch Conventional Oil & GasVia Incentives (Carbon tax) & StandardsNo Unconventional F.F. (Tar Shale, etc.)
3. Reduce non-CO2 Climate ForcingsMethane, Black Soot, Nitrous Oxide
4. Draw Down Atmospheric CO2
Agricultural & Forestry PracticesBiofuel-Powered Power-Plants